The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 15, 1926, Page 5

~ « | Ny stoner meme renee STSAR Sneed cneen se te ee eee SNR DISCUSS LABOR PARTY QUESTION IN CONNECTICUT Hisolution: Bemented at State Convention (Special to The Daily Worker) DANBURY, Conn., Sept. 13.—The resolution for a labor party, intro- duced by the painters’ locals of New Haven and supported by painters and other unions from all over the state, stirred the state convention of the American Federation of Labor. Speak for Labor Party, Morris Rohinsky of New Haven, George Moffit of Stamford and John Vanietly of New Britain led the fight for the adoption of the resolution. The speakers pointed out in a very clear way the need of an independent political party of the workers, It was pointed out by one delegate after an- other than right in the state of Con- necticut the power of the government headed by both republican and demo- cratic parties was used to break strikes by issuing sweeping injunc- tions, In, Willimantic it was shown an in- junction crippled a strike that was very promising in the beginning. The famous case of the railroad strike, that of conviction of Schleifer was also recalled. The speakers also spoke of the infamous Danbury hatters de cision, Wire Pulling. It was clear in the beginning that the resolution would have much sup- port from the delegates when the old guard got on the job and began to pull the wires. The boogie man of Com- munism was immediately dragged out on the scene. President O'Mara stated that he will fight any attempt at political action. O'Mara then charged that the whole scheme of the labor party was worked out by the Communists. Many of the trade union delegates who signed the resolution stated that they were not members of any political party and the charge made by O’Mara is ob- viously not true. In a Tight Fix, O’Mara was in a very tight fix and had to lean on socialists for support. O'Mara stated that the socialist lead- ers such as Norman Thomas, when questiéned by him at the lecture in New Haven, stated that it is industrial and not political action which is im- portant, and that such of this type are welcome in the federation and not the Communists, who want independ- ent political action. However, in spite of the treacherous act of the socialist party officials many socialist delegates voted for the resolution, The fraternal delegate of the socialist party had nothing fo say. Milwaukee Union to- Levy Assessment for British Mine Strike By GREGORY BRODONICH MILWAUKEBR, Wis., Sept. 13.—The Hod Carriers’, Building and Labor- ers’ Union, Local 113, are going to help the heroic British mine strikers, in spite of their own bad cir cumstances, and have carried a motion to assess each member 50 cents, A good spirit of solidarity was shown by the brothers and the assessment will net about $350 for the strikers, Union Forces Chamber of Commerce to Quit WAUKEGAN, Sept. 18.—Non-union clothing factories are no longer wel- comed by the Waukegan chamber of commerce, its secretary indicates. The chamber has been kept busy by the trouble its openshop guests are having with the Amalgamated Cloth- tng Workers’ Union, which followed the runaway shops from Chicago. Members of the chamber also fear. that the union spirit may spread from the needle trade to their steel wire, asbestos, chemical, envelope and radio factories. YORK, S. C.—(FP)— Another black smear on the pages of South Caro- lina’s prison system has been marked at York in the killing of William Mar- quard, young convict, shot to death while in a delirious condition. It was brought on by inhuman treatment by chain gang guards. THE AWAKENING OF CHINA By Jas. H. Dolsen, An unusual book A record of China’s past and present which has brought about the upheaval of over four hundred million people and the birth of a great Labor movement. With many maps, illustrations and original documents. Novel Binding $1.00 POSTPAID -GINSBERG'S Vegetarian Restaurant Brooklyn Avenue, ANGELES, CAL, : THE DAILY WORKER PULLMAN PORTERS’ REFERENDUM WILL BEAT COMPANY SCHEME TO REPRESENT ITS OWN EMPLOYES The Railway Mediation Board will very soon have before it the claim of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters for higher wages. The claim will involve the recognition of the union because the Pullman Co, which employs practically all the sleeping car porters and matds in the United States will claim that its company union is the proper representatve of the men. ‘The law provides that an attempt at¢— @n agreement must be made by the union before it can bring its case be- fore the board, and this formality will take a little time. The initial move will occur within the next fifteen days The struggle nearly came to a head five months ago when the union with eighty percent of the twelve thousand porters. and maids on Amrican rail- roads already in its ranks was plan- ning action before the railroad labor board, The dissolution of this board and the substitution of the mediation board delayed matters, and both the union and the employers have spent the time in preparation. Always Growing. The union, said G. A, Price, the financial secretary of Chicago division, in his headquarters at 3118 Giles Ave. to a representative of The DAILY WORKER yesterday, has continued to gain in numbers, It was thought right to increase the initiation fee recently from five dollars to ten dollars, while leaving the dues the same, one dollar @ month. ‘This was done to equalize the burden, since those who had the courage and undertook the expense of starting the union should expect a little greater initial financial support to it from those who came later and profited by all the work done by the pioneers. Unionism is a new thing to Negro workers, said Price, and it may be that some of the porters are re- pelled by this raising of the initiation, low as it is still compared with the benefits received. But even at that the porters continue to join, the union is growing. Company’s Last Trick. The company’s strategy now is to Place a porter on the so-called “board of industrial relations” of its “plan of employe representation.” Up until tho company officials got the idea of pre- tending to represent their own men before the government mediation com- mission, there had been no porter on the board, The man who now sits on it is sup- posed to have been freely elected by the zone central committee of the company union. This committee is composed of eleven men, two-thirds of whom, says Price, are stool pigeons. The porter who now occupies a seat on the company union ~poard of indus- trial relations” is likewise a company man, chosen because he can be relied on to betray his fellow workers, and hopelessly in the minority, one vote out of ten, in case he should suffer a change of heart and decide to go straight, Union Has Evidence. When the company appears before the railroad mediation board with its dummy union which now includes a porter in the administration, and asks to be allowed to deal with it and decide the wages of the porters, it will find that a huge majority of the Pull- Man company employes have already voted against the company union and in favor of the Brotherhood of Sleep- ing Car Porters in a poll now being taken by an organization of New York statisticians headed by Stuart Chase. Complete Referendum. The union aids in the distribution of the questionnaires or ballot blanks, but the blanks themselves were sent out and the results tabulated by the professional statisticians. The blank states in introduction: “The results of this referendum as a whole may be used before the board of mediation created by the new rail- road labor act. Will you co-operate by answering these questions care- fully according to directions? You assume no risk by answering this questionnaire, since the law provides that your name shall not be revealed, except to the mediation board.” The Men Decide, After several questions about work- ing conditions, preference as to a monthly assignment instead of a mile- age basis of pay, pay for preparatory time, teFmiiial time, delays, doubling, ete, a regular wage for extra por- By D. BORISOFF, GARY, Ind., Sept. 13. — The new home of the Hod Carriers’ and Build- ing Laborers’ Union of Gary, Indiana, Local No, 31, is finished, The local is moving into 1t Monday, Sept, 13, a lucky day for the local. ‘The local was started some time in 1917 as a sister local of the Ham- mond Local No, 41. At that time the membership of the local was about 20. The present membership is almost 1,000. At the beginning some of the wage rates were as low as 25-30c per hour. The organization due to its strength ‘was able to raise this miserable wage to $1.10 at the present time. Local No, 81 unites within its ranks workers of different races, national! ties, languages, The strength of the focal js in the fact that these work- ers recognized that they are brothers suffering under the same oppreneiam of the exploiters of Jabor, | ‘The credit for the achievements ‘ot the union belongs to the, rank and file who were not afraid to organize, to present demands for ee condi. tions to cast asld Sqn racial ices, 0 Organization Means Strength ters, the questionnaire demands whether the workers would like: “Recognition by the Pullman Com- pany of the right of their porters and maids to be represented in collective bargaining by an indepénfent union responsible to and supported by these employes alone, with representatives who are not dependent on the Pull- man Company for their livelihood?” Vote Company or Union, And in order that there be no mis- take or quibble, the porter or maid is invited, after voting on this ques- tion, to signify whether he or she would rather be represented by the “plan of employe representation of the Pullman Co.” or by the Brother- hood of Sleeping Car Porters. It is already clear, said Secretary Price, that the thousands who have joined the brotherhood will vote for it, and most of the others, who have not formally united with it, will also vote against the company union. The Pullman Company will have some- thing hard to explain when it gets be- fore the mediation board. Pullman Co, Lies, In fact, the company is sufficiently uncertain of its legal grounds, or sufficiently afraid of the economic power of the Pullman porters, that it has resorted in vain to every form of slander, libel and subterfuge to sow dissension in the ranks of the union. It has had the assistance of a large section of the Negro press in this campaign. In Chicago there is not one of the local Negro papers on which it can rely for aid, except the Negro Cham- pion, Even the Chicago Bee, edited by Chandler Owen, an official of the union, cannot carry the defense of the union officials against the canards circulated by the Pullman agents be- cause the owner of the Bee, Anthony Overton, is a pure and simple capi- talist. Overton is president of the Douglas National Bank, owner of the Overton building at 36th and State street, and has made a fortune out of the Overton Hygienic Co., manufacturing what are advertised. as “High Brown Toilet Preparations.” By encouraging a slavish sort of imitation of white women among the women of the Negro race, Overton has accumulated the means to deny Negro men who happen to work for the Pull- man Co. ability to publicly denounce those who utter injurious falsehoods against their union and strive to keep them in the worst sort of wage slav- ery. Mass Meetings Soon, The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters expects to initiate a series of mass meetings in Chicago similar to those being held almost weekly in New York. The arrival here next month of General Organizer A. Philip Randolph will start the ball rolling. It will not be long, either, said Sec- retary Price, before the union will invade Canada. The members and of- ficials feel that it is better to get more results in the states first, but Canadian roads are being investi- gated. “Don’t Need, But Want More.” The union takes in and desires to have all who work as porters or as maids on the railroads, said Price. “We have reached the point now where we do not need to ave the men who have not yet joined,” the secre- tary said, “but we want them. We want the maids as well as the por- ters. Women in this trade suffer from the same disabilities, spy system, low pay, etc., as men, and the union takes them in on exactly the same terms, with the same rights and privileges.” The goal of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters as it appears on the union’s official stationery is: “More wages, better hours, better working conditions, pay for overtime, pay for ‘preparation’ time, abolition of ‘doubling .out,’ conductor's pay: for conductor’s. work when in charge, and manhood rights.” order to divide them to keep them enslaved. This is the time of prosperity, This is the time for the union to demand that at least part of the great profits reaped by the bosses be restored to those who are creating the wealth. Under militant leadership the work- ers no doubt could win better work- ing conditions, The bosses realize that. They took ‘the offensive and threatened some time ago to intro- duce the open shop. The offensive should be with the union and favor- wble time should be utilized to or- ganize 100 per cent and win higher wages and lower hours in this sea- sonable industry. MILWAUKEER—(FP)—The Brother- hood of Locomotive Firemen & En- ginemen, which strongly endorsed Rep, John ©, Schafer of the 4th Wis- consin district (Milwaukee south side) for re-election, has revoked ‘its action, Pres, D, B, Robertson has wired from Cleveland that Schafer, though a mem- ber of the brotherhood, can no longer me Ats official indorsement because eo 18 G. 0. P. WORRIED OVER LINEUP IN NEXT CONGRESS Struggle Inside Party Ranks Dangerous (Special to The Dally Worker) WASHINGTON, D. ©., Sept. 13. — Tho words of confidence are coming from the presidential summer White House at Paul Smith’s it is no secret that the G, O. P. is worried over the outlook for @jsafe majority in the next senate. The defeat of Lenroot in Wiscon- sin, a Coolidge stalwart, and the al- most certain election of Blaine, an anti-world courter and anti-Volstead- ite is @ severe blow for the adminis- tration. ‘ } Butler's: Prospects Dark. In Massachusetts an independent republican is |Mable to run against Senator Batley the generalissimo of the G. O. P. 'Phis would give David 1. Walsh, 4 rat a chance to win. In New York, a dry republican threatens to ruimegainst Senator Wads- worth, making'the election of the dem- ocrat candidate a possibility. Trouble also looms in Oregon where the defeated republican candidate for the senatorial nomination declares that his hat will be in the ring when the ballots are cast in November. Campaign Strategy. Democrats are charging the admin- istration with holding off another tax reduction until 1927, so that the re- lief would be fresh in the minds of tax- payers prior to the next presidential campaign. Governor Alex J. Groesbeck of Michigan is seeking a renominatioa for fourth term on the G. O. P. ticket in the primaries next Tuesday. His opponent is Mayor Green of Ionia. In view of the bitter factional struggle in the republican camp the democrats expect their man to sneak in. Seeks Third Term. Governor Ritchie of Maryland, demo- crat, 1s seeking a third term and is meeting with sqme opposition. Ritch- ie’s name has mm jmentioned as a possible candidate fof the presidency on the democrat ticket in 1927. The Ku Klux Klan is lined up with the official G. O. P. machine in the bitter primary campaign struggle in Colorado. Charles W. Waterman is contesting the republican nomination with Senator Rice W. Means. The latter is directing head of the state K, K. K, Majority.of French Elementary Teachers Members of the Union PARIS, Sept. 13—A majority of the teachers in the elementary schools of France now belong to the National Union of Teachers, which affiliated in 1921 with the General Confederation of Labor thru the Federation of Em- ployes in the Pubife Services. While the teachers’ lo bse have not in all cases, as yet, fo-operated with local trades councils, faey have taken out a total of 64,050 cards of affiliation with the General Confederation of Labor. This development, one of the most significant in French labor unionism since the war, is expected to stimulate the interest of French boys and girls in the working class struggle which France anticipates in the next two de- cades. Cotton Speedingup Is Cause of Depression ' Increased productivity of ccttonmill labor, more than curtailment of the market for cotton goods, is responsi- ble for the wholesale unemployment and part-time which has character- ized the textile industry since 1920. Per capita consumption of cotton cloth has increased 9% from 66 yards in 1914 to 72.5 yards in 1923. But ac- cording to the Assn. of Cotton Tex- tile Merchants of New York, the gain in productivity per worker since 1900 is about 22%. This has been due in considerable measure to a 500% in- crease in the capitalization of the in- dustry, with each worker required to tend mora machinery. The capitaliza- tion of the industry per worker is now about $4,000 compared with $1120 in 100. Each worker is required today to produce enough surplus to pay a re- turn on this larger capital. Cottonmill activity throughout the country reached a low point for the year in July with the industry operat- ing at about 79% of single shift ca- pacity. This marks a curtailment of 23% from February when operation averaged 102.3% of single-shift capac- ity. It is 644% below July 1925, when the average was 84.6%. Northern mills as usual were hard- ost hit by lack of sufficient orders, The average hours of operation during July in the entire New England group was only 116, compared with an aver- age of 249 in the cotton-growing states where wages are low and hours of work long. The extremely reduced activity in July is probably due in part to con- certed action to limit over-production planned at a meeting of cotton manu- facturers in June, Send us the name and address of a progressive worker to whom we can send a sample copy of The Ne |BAKERS’ CONVENTION RECOGNIZES FIGHT ON FOOD PROBLEM; RELIES ON PUBLICITY The nineteenth triennial convention of the Bakery and Confectionary Workers International Union of Amer- {ca has adjourned with all of the dele- gates impressed with the necessity for increasing the pace of the fight against the Ward Bread trust, The general executive board in its statement to the membership of the union as to the results of the conven- tion does not hesitate to place the combat with the Ward octopus as the most important matter under consider- ation, The joint report to the convention of the international executive officials and the general executive board de- votes most of its space to a considera- tion of the long struggle with Ward; and with his subsidiary concerns, It recites the fact that for at least eight years before 1917, the union carried on an organizing and publicity cam- paign against this greatest baking corporation, and with some measure of success, for the plants in Chicago and Newark were unfonized, though the rest of Ward’s bakeries were open shop. Ward Once Unlonized. The union reached its peak of growth during the war years and those immediately following, and brought such pressure on Ward that his whole system, plants in almost every large city east of the Mississippi was unionized, and this condition lasted until the open shop drive in all industries encouraged the constantly growing corporation to throw off its contractural relations with the Bakery and Confectionary workers. The failure of the local unions in the international to concentrate their negotiating power in the hands of the executive board, or of the interna- tional officials, helped the company in this effort to bring in the open shop. Ward Goes Scab, After minor skirmishing, the entire Ward system was declared open shop by its managers in 1923, and in spite of bitterly fought local strikes, which the International aided to the best of its ability, it has maintained scab con- ditions and wages appreciably lower than the union scale until the present. The bakers’ wage scale varies in different parts of the country but Chi- cago may be taken as a typical ex- ample. In Chicago the union shops use expert journeymen bakers, and pay $40 per week for eight hours work per day. Ward’s plants here pay their slaves who do the baking about $28 per week, but not on a weekly basis. They pay from 50 to 65 cents per hour, and no pay for hours not work- ed. The worker never knows when he comes On shift how much of a day he is going to get out of it. Furthermore, he comes to work un- der the Ward plan, which is a modi- fied Taylor system for speeding the worker by running the mixing ma- chines faster, shifting the rate of pay according to production, and working overtime during the Friday rush period up to seventeen or eighteen hours a day instead of placing extra men on the crew, Tell The World, As the Ward trust has become more and more of a monopoly, the union has resorted more and more to pub- licity as a weapon against it. The monopoly feature not only works to prevent unionizing of independent shops drawn into the circle of influ- ence of the Ward outfit, but it injures the public of which the bakers form a part with adulterated bread, poison- ous food put on sale by such a strong capitalistic power that it is above the law. The Bakers and Confectionary work- ers convention approved of a publicity campaign to expose thru local unions and federations the use of plaster of paris and other bleaching agents in Ward's bread. Pamphlets and circulars, posters and articles are to be used. Interna- tional Secretary Chas. Hohman is in | charge of the drive and the convention | appointed a committee to co-operate | Page Five TRUST AS MAIN with all agencies, such as the Peoples Legislative Service in Washington, the Master Bakers Association (small in- | dependent concerns whose business is threatened by the trust), and investi- gations conducted by the senate or the Department of Justice into the il- legal activities of the Ward company and its satellites, Use The Radio, This united front was realized at a huge mass meeting held in Chronicle Hall, New York, where speeches point- ing out the Ward law-breaking activi- ties were broadcasted over the radio. Speakers included union officials, Sen. LaFollette, and representatives of the independent bakers. The international officials and the G. E. B, in their report announce: “We have won the first round of our great | fight against the Ward Bread trust. | We have blocked the formation of a} huge monopolistic combination de- signed to exploit not only the con- sumers but also the bakery workers and the farmers.” Form Food Trust. The combination referred to was the attempted merger of the Ward, the Continental Baking corporation and the General Baking Co., with others. The move towards consolidation be- gan in 1921 with the elimination of George S. Ward by William B. Ward, who thus became the absolute ruler of the Ward Baking Co. Wm. Ward proceeded then to organize the United Bakeries corporation which bonght up independent bakeries by the whole- sale, and then in 1924 created the Continental Baking corporation with $600,000,000 worth of stock. In 1925 he proclaimed openly that had been for some time suspected by the offi- clals of the union, that the Ward outfit controlled the General Baking corpo- ration, ‘Ward proposed to unite all of his holdings under the name General Baking corporation of Maryland, with a capital stock of a billion dollars. Finally in 1926 another corporation was chartered, the Ward Food Pro- ducts corporation of Maryland, with two billion dollars capital and right to buy creameries, etc, The A. F. of L. convention a year ago adopted a resolution against the new trust which would control enough of the market to dictate prices of grain, bread, and set wages. Senator Robert M. La Follette two years ago got a resolution thru the senate order- ing an investigation by the Federal Trade Commission. Commission Connived? ‘The trade commission investigation demonstrated beyond doubt that the Ward Food Products corporation would be a monopoly and as much illegal, but thru complicity between the company and the commission, says LaFollette in the senate,. the investi- gation into the Continental and other feudatories of the trust was stopped, and the move to organize a monopoly continued under the leadership of the Continental Baking corporation. Continental Under Fire. Early this year continued publicity forced the Federal Trade Commission to once more open investigation of the Continental, and something may still be done altho union officials think that the commission cooperates with Ward to help him fix up the legal loop- holes in his trust idea. Ward Hard Hit. The wholesome publicity and other hindrances caused by the stern opposi- | tion of the Bakery and Confectionary Workers’ Union to Ward's various trustifying schemes has resulted in the collapse of the inflated prices ot the stock of the parent concern, the Ward Baking company. Last year Class A stock sold at $198 per share, this year {t is down to $90. Similar results show in the stock prices of the tributary companies, The union is gaining members thru | the fight; there are now about 8,000 members in Greater New York, and j around 5,000 in Chicago, The Bakers convention does not elect officers. AUTO FACTORY WAGES INCREASE JUST ENOUGH TO KEEP WORKERS IN SHOPS WHERE SPEED IS FAST America’s automobile workers av- eraged $36.37 a week in the autumn of 1925; according to a detailed sur- vey of wages and hours in the indus- This is a gain of about 10% over 1922, the date of the department’s previous survey. It meang about $1890 for a full year’s work if the wage earner is lucky enough to work 52 weeks without lay-offs, The average hourly wage in 1925 was 72.3¢ compared with 65.7¢ in 1922, In both years the workers av- eraged just over 50 hours a week. The survey covers 144,362 employes in Plants producing automobiles, bodies jand parts. This is about one-third of the entire industry. Women employes number only 8432 of the total. Women averaged 46.7c an hour and $23.40 a week, compared with 72.9¢ and $36.67 for men. The average weekly earnings of 18 important auto crafts, as ascertained by the government in 1922 and 1926, were: Weekly Auto Wage: 1922 1025 Assemblers, final $33.82 $36.62) Assemblers, motor 33.03 37.20 Bench hands 83.47 35.94 ckemiths 40.54 0 4747 press operators 31.96 35.82 36.47 38.33 ding Mach oper, Vetere necmerse S885. 8 try by the U. S. department of labor. | Inspectors cone 80.45 84.17 Laborers 24,86 28.73 Lathe operators . 34,13 38.10 Machinists... 35,78 40.30 Milling Mach. oper. ...... 32.94 87.14 Painters .. . 37.17 39.27 Polishers and buffers... 38.08 44.31 Punchpress operators .. 35.31 35.61 Sheetmetal workers $2.92 39.38 Tool and die makers .... 38.47 43,82 Top builders . . 39.55 40.88 The survey was limited to plants in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, New Jer- sey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. A table of average earnings for selected crafts by states indicates that Michigan pays the highest wages and Pennsylvania the lowest. Michigan wages undoubtedly reflect Ford’s policy of super-speeding- up by paying wages somewhat above the average. Overtime work is regularly expected in certain seasons, As the workers jare practically unorganized there is no regularity in pay tor overtime, In |39 of the 99 plants investigated |straight-time is paid for all overtime. In 88 plants time and a half is paid for overtime worked by time-workers only, A majority of the other plants Pay an extra rate for overtime only after a number of extra hours have been worked, and usually only to cer- iat slate 96 rpc. the last vestiges of the real COMPANY UNIONS AND LABOR SPY IN SAME FAMILY Many Caleta Use Both Methods By ROBERT W W. DUNN, Federated Precz. ABOR spies and company unions are complementary devices used against trade unions by many Amer- ican corporations. This fact is again | emphasized by a series of articles now appearing in the Daily News, a Pas- saic, N. J. paper. The ar 28 are written by Harvey G, Ellerd of the personnel department of Armour & Co and are intended to bolster up the company union idea among the strik ing textile workers who refuse to nre- turn to the tyranny of “employe re presentation” at the Forstmann and | Huffman mills, or to accept the offer of a company union now made by the Botany Mills, “New Relationship.” IULLERD’S article of course make no mention of labor spies. In- stead they reek with phrases touching on the “new relationship between em- Ployer and emplo: “the rule of reason” and “co-op m and better feelings.” He is descr & the work- ings of the company union committees in the Armour stock yards, where un dercover operatives and spies have been aiding the company union, dur- ing the last few years, in wiping out labor unionism achieved in war days. In Passaic likewise detectives and company unionism have been co-o ating to liquidate trade unionism Other great American corporations where the spy and the “newer meth- ods of labor co-ordination” have been used without any suggestion of incon- sistency are many of the railroads, such as the Pennsylvania, the Sante Fe, the Union Pacific, the Delaware and Lackawanna, the Long Island, the Boston and Maine, the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie, the Atlantic Coast Line, the Great Northern and the New York, New Haven and Hartford. On the latter road the notorious Sherman corporation, Engineers —- America’s premier labor spy service, installed and developed the company union system among the shop craft workers, Spies Everywhere. ILABORATE espionage and com- pany union systems are used side by side on some of the leading street and electric lines. Among such are the Interborough Rapid Transit com- pany of New York, the Brooklyn-Man- hattan corporation of the same city, the Kansas City Railways, the Lonis- ville Railway, the Twin City Rapid Transit Co. of Minneapolis, and the Milwaukee Electric Railway and Light company, Of the more than 700 miscellaneous corporations that now employ the the latest “employe representation” devices to forestall and defeat trade unionism the following are known to have used the “inside undercover man,” either hired directly or through one of the several hundred detective or engineering sefvices now sharing in American prosperity: The Inter- national Paper Co.; Sheffield Farms milk distributors of New York; Amos- keag Manufacturing Co.; Wheeling Steel corporation and Bethlehem Steel corporation. In the current issue of Labor Age Louls Budenz gives a close- up of the company union plus spy system in force at the Lackawanna plant of Bethlehem Steel. Some More. THER company union and spy em- ployers are Du Pont, de Nemours & Co. of Wilmington, Delaware; Bor- den Farms Products Co. of New York; Davis Coal and Coke Co. of Maryland; Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. of Akron; Hooker Electro-Chemical Co. of Niagara Falls, presided over by Elon H. Hooker, president of the American Defense Society; the Inter type corporation of Brooklyn; Pacific Mills of Lawrence, Mass.; Phelps Dodge corporation of Bisbee, Arizona; Pacific Steamship Co. of Seattle; the Standard Oil companies of New Jer- sey and Indiana; the Washburn-Cros- by Co. of Minneapolis; the Westing- house Electric and Manufacturing Co. of East Pittsburgh and the Youngs town Sheet & Tube Co. The Pullman Co, employes the spy system as an auxiliary to the com- pany union. In its efforts to organize the Negro workers the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters has run into dozens of spies and stools the Pullman Co. is using against the trade union and in behalf of the company organiza- tion. The Blacklist, ‘ANY of the company-unionized cor- Porations, such as the Forstmann and Huffmann Co. of Passaic, also use an effective blacklist in connection with the operations of the central spy- ing and employment agency. A few company urtfion firms, such as the Dennison Manufacturing Co, of Framingham, Mass. and the Dutchess Bleachery of Wappinger Fels, N. Y., use no spies, their owners and man- agers being opposed to espionage on ethical grounds, But the great major- ity of companies with company unions have the spy adjunct, either employ- ing undercover agents directly as a part of the plant police department, or hiring them through one of the big “labor engineering and survey” agen- cles, such ag Sherman or the Corpora- tions Auxiliary Co. A subscription to The DAILY WORKER for one month to the bers of your union is a good Try It