The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 2, 1926, Page 6

4 t Page Six THE DAILY WORKER THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 1118 W. Washington Blyd., Chicago, Ill. Phone Monroe 4712 $$$ — SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali (in Chicago only): By mall (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three morths ‘Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Mlinols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL ; WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J. L' ——— << — $e Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-oillce at Cnt cago, lil, under the act of March 8, 1879. sign 290 Editors Business Manager Advertising rates on application. This is No Beggarly Religion Dr. Annie Besant is no piker when it comes to throwing a little religious party. She crowded everything the traffic could bear into her Chicago entertainment and the result is not surprising. Theo- sophy has taken a great leap forward. ; What spiritual soul in quest of supernatural consolation would not jump at a religion that offers an honest-to-god christ as an at- traction? Particularly if the christ is as young, handsome and mysterious as Krishnamurti, this intriguing Hindu with the thick luxurious lips and a mouth that suggests a Don Juan. Here is a god with a future. Unless all signs fail he should get far in his profession. It cost money to make him what he is today. But Mrs. Besant had it. And even if thousands of poor slaves—perhaps Hin- dus that Mrs. Besant likes to free in her spare moments—are sweat- ing their lives away to keep Annie’s coffers replenished, sure Kris- pamurti may save their souls, provided they are crazy enough to understand theosophy. Mrs. Besant is no sack-cloth-and-ashes monk when it comes to dressing up for a celebration. This vestal does not neglect to trim herself when about to appeal to her spiritual groom. Among the little things she wore at the theosophist convention are the follow- ing ornaments: a royal swastika, inlaid with rubies, on a gold wire necklace; the vulture, rod and serpent scepter of Egypt wrought into a pin; a crystal gazing ball suspended from a rope of crystal beads; a gold bracelet with a gold heart bangle; a gold and lapis lazuli bracelet with a wrist watch inset; a fleur de lis brooch entangled with necklaces; a seal ring of carved stone covered half of the first finger of her right hand; three other rings of plain gold; slippers embroidered with gold and silver pomegranates. Mrs. Annie Besant is what you might call, a well dressed woman, Theosophy, once regarded as a bait for the freakiest of freaks with even less money than brains, is now a crozier’s length ahead of christian science. More Treachery in the British Miners’ Strike According to news dispatches, Ramsay MacDonald, leader of the parliamentary labor party; delivered a speech in the house of commons in favor of district agreements to settle the miners’ strike. This would mean the destruction of the union as a national body and the reduction of its influence to a minimum. ‘The miners have consistently stood out against separate agree- ments. It is one of the most important demands on their pro- gram. The operators have been equally insistent on separate agree- ments. It is no surprise to see Ramsay MacDonald line up with the operators. The gentleman who accepted $150,000 from a tory bis- euit manufacturer has nothing in common with the working class. MacDonald was not merely speaking for himself when he expressed himself in favor of splitting the miners’ union. He spoke for the officialdom of the labor party and for the right wing of the official leadership of the Trade Union Congress. It is doubtful if history has recorded a more perfect piece of treachery than that perpetrated by the T. U. C. and Labor Party officials against the striking miners. They are shown as the willing agents of British imperialism. When it came to choosing whether they should stand with the working class or with the exploiters they stood with the latter. Those flunkeys have no more use for the workers than the leaders of the liner liberal and tory parties have. In their ambition to become His Majesty’s government they need the votes of the working class. That is the only reason they give them lip service in the piping days of peace. But when a labor struggle endangers the empire they show their true colors. That the British miners have withstood the many blows dealt to them by false friends as well as their historic enemies is one of the marvels of the class struggle. Their steadfast courage, their bulldog tenacity and their self-sacrificing spirit will illuminate the pages of history. But if the future workers’ government of Great Britain decides to build a museum of infamy to perpetuate the memory of their most outstanding betrayers, in that hall of shame, the most conspicuous positions will be reserved for the plaster images of Ramsay MacDonald, J. H. Thomas and ‘the other leaders who-sold out the British miners in 1926. Calvin Coolidge has ordered federal employes to tip porters, waitresses and taxi drivers wisely and not too well. It should’ not be forgotten that.Cal was a successful lawyer by being a darned good bill collector. It is not surprising that Mrs. Coolidge took a fancy to the president when she first met him. The first lady of the land, by divine right of the House of Morgan, once was a teacher in a deaf and dumb school. Perhaps she mistook Cal for her favorite pupil. Portugal may not cut a big figure in the league of nations, but some of her leading citizens have knocked Wall Street for a row of Latvian lats. A $14,000,000 swindle with a, political motive is nothing to be sneezed at even in Wall Street, It now remains for Jack Peabody to state that he put Frank Farrington on his payroll at $25,000 a year salary because of “auld lang syne.” Former Wer Secretary | Arbitration Not For Wants Debts Cancelled) N. Y. Movie Operators Cleveland, O., Aug. 31.—Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War under Wood- row Wilson, was on record today in favor of American cancellation of foreign war debts and partial relief of German's burden. * In an article appearing in the house organ of a Cleveland bank, Baker urged such action to overcome the turbulent economic conditions thruout Ewrope, NEW YORK, Aug. 31.—Motion pic- ture operators of New York, Local No. 306, refuse to put their demands to arbitration in the deadlock between them and the Motion Picture Theater Owners’ Chamber of Commerce. The employers’ organization is composed of smaller houses. The union has al- ready settled with the big firms, gain- ing 10 per cent. wage increa: Life and 7. The Trade Unions and Voluntary Societies. By ANISE. HE Communist Party makes no se- cret of the fact that it controls and “leads” not only the Soviet gov- ernment, but the trade unions, the co- operatives and the host of voluntary organizations which have sprung up since the revolution. Running a state is only part of the party’s job; the Soviet state, by itself, is not expected to produce socialism. That is the job of the Communist Party, using the state, the unions, the co-operatives, the voluntary organizations as instru- ments for the purpose. Trade union membership has risen in the past year and a half from five and a half million workers to seven million seven hundred thousand. How do the Communists control this vast membership, of whom they form only 8 per cent? In every union, every shop committee, the Communists form their “fraction,” which always acts together for its program, This is done quite openly and simply; it is no more resented by the rest of the workers than the students in an American uni- versity object when the athletic asso- ciation plans and puts thru some ath- letic program with the tacit support or even the cordial co-operation of the less athletic students. The Commu- nist program {is not regarded as one program set over against another pro- gram; it {s rather the joint program of the working class, formed by all the workers who are energetic enough and intelligent enough to care about forming it, and who enter the Commu- nist Party for that purpose. Communists Active Everywhere. RKING thru the factory trade union meetings, the local Com- munists in every plant organize classes, clubs, special voluntary or- ganizations. The Communists fix the general policy of these organizations and then invite the non-partisans as members. There are “Friends of Chil- dren” for helping homeless waifs, “MOPR,” for the relief of political prisoners abroad; “Down with Iilit- Work in the Soviet Union | EREWITH Is published the sixth of a series of stories being sent specially to The DAILY WORKER by Anne Louise Strong,’ who is at this time in the Soviet Union making a thoro study of conditions thére. Miss Strong, whose pen-name is “Anise” is a credited authority on the Soviet Union having spent the better part of the past five years in that country, She is the author of a book, “Firat Time in History” and numerous magazine and newspaper stories on the Soviet Union, eracy Society,” “Friends of Aviation,” as well as many physical culture so- cieties. Over ten million have joined these organizations (in the past two years, All of them, while the mem- bership is largelys non-Communist, were\ initiated by the Communists and startdd by them along a predetermined line, “Production conferences” is another recent development, organized on the initiative of the party in factory, and composed of workers and members of the technical staff. » These conferences aim to increase preduction by study- ing all the reasons for low productiop and by making suggestions in any and all fields. . . . Some 34,000 workers in the Moscow district alone are in such organizations, Cultural “big brother” committees are also ini- tiated in factories, where the workers agree to interest themselves in im- proving the life of a certain village or township, These all voluntary committees, and there are now a mil Hon persons working on such commit- tees and thus drawn into social work. Incomplete returns from twelve prov- inces show that such cultural assist ing committees have built 678 reading huts, opened 151 schools, 6 motion pic- ture halls, 20 traveling motion picture shows, have given 17 tractors, organ- ized 123 experimental farm plots, 75 co-operatives, besides introducing all sorts of new culture into hundreds of villages, from medical work to electri- fication, Another special organization ini- tiated by the party, but composed largely of non-party members, is the group of “delegates” or women deéle- gates. This began as a body repre- MATTHEW WOLL FUMES AGAINST ~ BORAH, RUSSIA Bitter Condemnation of Passaic Action (Special to The Dally Worker) Montreal, Aug. 31—Matthew Woll, a vice-president of the American Fed- eration of Labor and member of its Executive Council, in session here, makes a bitter attack on Senator Bo- rah for his interest in the Passaic strike of textile workers. The A. F. L. officialdom had follow- ed a policy of non-recognition of the strike, and had rebuked the strikers for appealing to the Council for aid or organizational support without first! joining the United Textile Work- ers Union. Hates Everything Progressive A committee headed by Jett Lauck, railroad labor economist, with the participation and help of Senator Bo- rah, succeeded in persuading the U. T. W. to admit the 16,000 militants on strike in Passaic. Up until that time the strike had been supported’ by 'pro- gressive labor on a voluntary basis, and especially by Communists, both in America and abroad. Woll in his statement manages to condemn Jett Lauck, Borah and the Russian government all in one breath. After stating that the Lauck commit- tee could not approach the Executive Council which recognized in this strike only the United Textile Workers, Woll continues: “Labor has no reason to look upon the activity of Senator Borah as hav- ing been friendly to the workers of America. To the contrary, his con- stant efforts to have the United States recognize Soviet Russia against the constant protest of the American Fed- eration of Labor clearly indicates that labor and Senator Borah are not in accord either in matters political, economic, domestic or international. At the present time the United Tex- tile Workers are actually conducting the strike as a result of the work of, among others, Senator Borah. At the same time that Borah and Lauck were trying to bring about this ro- sult, the American Federationist, or- gan of the Executive Council, was publishing large advertisements of the Botany Mills, the largest employer concerned in the Passiac strike, This is not the first time that Borah and Woll have clashed. During the consideration two years ago of a Sena- torial committee headed by Borah of the reasons for and against recogni- tion of Russia by the United States, Woll became very angry when alleged evidence he wanted to present against the Russian government was rejected by the committee as unreliable, Get Away With Drug Store Booze, Cutting their way thru a rear door of a drug store postal substation here today, robbers carried out 13 cases ot bonded whiskey, 100 gallons of wine, $150 in stamps and $250 in cash. The safe was removed from he postal etation and carried to an adjoining building, where it was blown open. ul 2 senting the women of industry, in pro- portions of one to every thirty or forty women. Now there is one delegate elected to every ten women in indus- try. They are the more energetic and intelligent of the women and thru them the party reaches the great mass of unskilled women workers, drawing them gradually into participation in union work, government work, finally into party work. As a result of this program, recent elections showed 21 per. cent of women in the city soviets. How the Party Leads in Rural Districts, URAL districts, where the party or- ganization is still extremely small, are none the less directly influenced and by, the party thru the co-opera- tives and the soviet organizations. In a year and a half the membership of co-operatives has almost tripled, reaching five million, The central gov- erning bodies of all the co-operatives are composed of more than half Com- munists, tho naturally the local or- ganizations are very far from Commu- nist in their personal. In village soviets the proportion of Communists, never large, has been cut in half by the past elections and is now only 6 per cent of the total mem- bership in village soviets, 18 per cent in township soviets, and 47 per cent in township executive committees. Part of this was due to the deliberate program of the Communists them- selves to draw more non-party peas- ants into participation in government work. None the less, the actual fig- ures came as something of a shock and were spoken of freely at the party congress as showing the “failure to group the masses of poorer and middle peasants around our local party groups.” Investigations and “cleaning” of rural party organizations is now under way. Inner Party Democracy. At every party “discussion” claims are madé by the group which fails to carry its points that the party is run by a small group at the center dictat- ing everything, To some extent this ig true in every large organization. The party officially answers this charge by stating that inner party democracy consists: 1, In the fact that all leading or- gans from the central committee down to the factory committees are elected, and that elected leaders are respon- sible to the party in the person of central committee and local organiza- tions, 2. In the fact that all members of the party are drawn actively, as far as possible, into the working life of the party, and that all measures taken by the center are first widely dis- cussed in mass organizations. 8. The fact that the framework of party leadership is systematically be- ing widened. The directing organ of the Commu- nist Party is the central committee, composed now of 63 members and 43 alternates and holding sessions every two or three months. This body elects @ political bureau of nine members and five alternates, which directs all matters of political policy, and an or- ganization bureau of eleven members and five alternates, which decides on organizational matters. Under these, five secretaries (the chief of whom, of course, is Stalin) carry on the party’s dafly work. Whatever freedom. and “democracy” may exist in the preliminary elections and discussions, when once a decision is reached it is binding without fur- ther discussion on all members, who are expected to observe “iron dis- Icipline and complete. unity and Com- munist firmness” in carrying it out, thru government apparatus, or trade union channels, or in co-operatives or voluntary social organizations, wher- ever they may be assigned to work. A Correction by Comrade Losousky (1 ABDR PARTY The above letter from Comrade Losovsky is made necessary not thru} any fault of our own but by reason of the stoppage of our English exchanges during and for some time after the British general strike. We received no copy of Lansbury’s Weekly in which the statement of Swales, Hicks and_Tillet appeared and when we received the copy of the Sunday Worker containing a statement by Purcell and Hicks we assumed, carelessly perhaps,.that this was the statement referred to, We think it unnecessary to say that we were in entire agreement with the estimate of the role of the center group in the British trade union move ment made by Comrade Losovsky, even to the extent of believing that some of the same sharp “itleiem should have heen leveled at them before their weak and cowardly position became quite so apparent, As a matter of fact we went to a good deal of trouble to do what. we thought was attracting attention to Comrade Losodvsky’s article and far trom cesiring to create an. “extremely ambiguous situation,” we are trying to give all possible information on the subject at issue. The criticism contained in the editorial from the Sunday Worker which we published in connection with the article certainly does not tend to lighten the burden on Hicks and Purcell. * 8 DITOR, The DAILY WORKER, Chicago, U. S. A. Dear Comrade:— On July 3rd you reprinted my article entitled, “Who Needs These Declara- tions?” im which I exposed the ma- neuver of the so-called “left wing” leaders of the general council, who were attempting to screen their past treachery and prepare for future be- trayals by means of equivocal state- ments in the press, In the course of this article I incidentally pointed out, in friendly fashion, that our very valuable comrades of the Sunday Worker were unconsciously aiding the misleaders by “welcoming” their hypocritical statements, LLOW me to point out to yon that you are entirely in error in say- ing that my article refers to the Sun- day Worker of June 13th, My refer- ence was (as stated in the article). first to a public statement by. Swales, Hicks, and Tillet published in Lans- bury’s Weekly (of;May 22). The com- ment of the Sunday Worker which I rightly criticised «was contained in their issue of May-23, (not the article of three weeks later which you quoted), which said: “We welcome the statement issued by Swales, Hicks, and Tillet#he other day, just as we do the other declarations in today’s Sunday Worker, OW it is true; that three. weeks later our good comrades on the Sunday Worker ‘had finally learned the lesson which T'was trying to point out in May, in myvarticle, namely that Hicks & Co, were in a united front with Thomas against the min That is good, but it is»not good that the knowledge of these facts which it is your duty to transmit to the readers of The DAILY WORKER should be confused by your erroneous editorial note, which objectively serves. to divert the attention of the readers from the main subject, which is ex- amination of the treacherous role being played by the so-called “left” leaders, and fix it instead upon the question of whether the Sunday Worker was correctly quoted or not. (Editors Note), . Sener silenced Cook for the moment, they | violated their own side of the pledge, | by publishing thru Bromley (another “left”) their complete official attack upon the miners. . . an act taken full advantage of by the mineowners and government. low betrayal be too sharp or prompt? In view of the extremely ambiguous situation created by your editorial note and method of handling my article, I must ask you to publish this letter in The DAILY WORKER. With Communist Greetings, General Secretary, Red International of Labor Unions. too We will send sample copies of The DAILY WORKER to your friends— send us mame and address, Can criticism of such’ VEN at the moment when you were writing that editorial note, the “left” leaders were ¢ommitting new treason, They had tricked Cook into a new “united front” with them, on the basis of silencing criticism and “vecriminations.” » Surely for those who carry the bi mn of guilt such as the members of general council, this wag @ bargain at any price; but they were nm content. Having Here is a panorama of Tangier with a mi RIGHT WING SPLITS UNION Organize Dual T rades Council at Battersea (Special to The Daily Worker) BATTERSBEA, England, Aug. 31. — A dual Trades Labor Council has been set up here and is engaging in a vicious attempt to destroy: the official council, .This new body has the bles- Sings of Eccleston Square, that is the officialdom of the labor party. The general opinion amongst active workers in the labor movement at Battersea is that this dual council -is but another attempt on the part of the leaders of the labor party to split the movement rather than let it be controlled by Communists, Comrade Saklatvala-has the unques- tionable support of the official council, and has been returned as a Commun- ist member of parliament from this constituency, z This has been a thorn in the side of the labor party leaders for some time, hence their endorsement of the dual council. By ; Read it today on page 5, Spain’s Request for Tanshie Causes New Crisis ‘ : aie tia Ernest Haeckel) on “Last Words. on Evolution” CHAPTER II. THE STRUGGLE OVER OUR GEN. EALOGICAL TREE, Our Ape-Relatives and the Vertebrate- Stem. (Continyed from previous issue.) Since the great Lamarck established the idea of the vertebrate at the be-+ ginning of the nineteehth century (1801) and this Parisian colleague, Cuvier, shortly afterwards recognized the vertebrates as one of his four chief animal groups, the natural unity of this advanced section of the animal world has not been contested. In all the vertebrates, from the lowest fishes and amphibians up to the apes and man, we have the same type of struc ture, the same characteristic disposi- tion and relations of the chief organs; and they differ materially from the corresponding features in all other animals. The mysterious affinities of the vertebrates induced Goethe, 140 years ago, long before Cuvier, to make prolonged and laborious studies in their comparative anatonmy at Jena and Weimar. Just as he had, in his. “Metamorphosis. of Plants,” estab- lished the unity of organization by means of the leaf as the common primitive organ, he, in the metamor- phosis of the vertebrates, found this common element in the vertebral theory of the skull, And when Cuvier established comparative anatomy as an independent science this branch of- biology was developed to such an ex- tent by the classic research of Jo- hannes Muller, Car] Gegenbaur, Rich- ard Owen, Thos, Huxley, and many other morphologists, that Darwinism found \its most powerful weapons in this arsenal. The striking differences of external form and internal structure that we find in the fishes, anphibians. reptiles, birds, and mammals, are due to adaptation to the various uses of their organs and their environments. On the other hand, the. astonishing agreement in their typical character, that persists in spite of their differ- ences, is due to inheritance from com- mon ancestors, ‘The evidence thus afforded by com- parative anatomy is so cogeht that anyone who goes impartially and at- tentively thru a collection of skele- tons can convince himself at once of the morphological unity of the verte- brate stem. The evolutionary evi- lence of comparative ontogeny, or em- bryology, is less easy to grasp and less accessible, but not less important. it came to light at a much later date, and its-extreme value was only made clear, by means of the biogenetic law, some forty years ago. It shows that every vertebrate, like every other ani- mal, develops from a single cell, but that:the course of its embryonic devel- opment is peculiar, and characterized. by embryonic forms that are not found in the invertebrates. We find in them especially the chordula, or chorda- larva, a very simple worm-shaped em- bryonic form, without limbs, head, or higher sense-organs; the body con- sists. merely of six very simple primi- tive organs. From these are devel- oped steadily the hundreds of different bones, muscles, and other orgaiis that we. afterwards distinguish in the max ture vertebrate. The remarkable and, very complex course of this embryonic development is essentially the same in man and the ape, and in the amphib- ians and fishes. We see in it, in ac- cordance with the biogenetie law, a new and ‘important witness to the common descent of all vertebrates from a single primitive form, the chordoea. (Continued Tomorrow) efi ay Y Fi Nos Morocco) a showing Its location directly opposite the powerful British-owned fortress, Gibralter, Franoe has always felt that it is to her best Interests to control Tangier and now that she and Spain have settled thelr Imperialist accounts with the Riff and made that territory safe for : they fall out, {Ike thieves, over the possession of Tangier which Spain wants very badly. mI