The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 29, 1926, Page 4

he soeouwnenrvnz Fen sewn BSL Svat or sav —- ‘ \7 Page Four THE DAILY WORK THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Phone Monroe 4713 eC RY ALA SUBSCRIPTION RATES By maii (In Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3:60 six months | $2.50 three months $2.00 three months i Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, IIlinots J, LOUIS ENGDAHL fn * WILLIAM F, DUNNE (Era eicicheanlafes ssscasiaabe eis. cameainmaastehiels ae 2 a ie Cee aes OY Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at-the post-office at Chi MORITZ J, LOED. cago, lil., under the act of March 3, 1879, SEE 190 Advertising rates on application. PS SE Sana) Russian News in the Chicago Tribune Our notorious contemporary, the Chicago Tribune, waxes edi- torially virtuous over its decision not to maintain any correspond- ents in the Soviet Union “as long as the Soviet continues its censor- ship and its bureaus of false information.” The result of, this “defying of a whole government,” as the Tribune modestly puts it, is that the “truth” about Russia is regularly given ‘in its columns. The occasion for the editorial is a supposed saving of millions of dollars to American and Canadian wheat growers by the Tribune which had some time ago said that the reports that Russia’ would export six hundred million bushels of wheat. were untrue. The in- ference is that this report enamated from Russia and that the Tribune, with its superior knowledge of the situation, gleaned from careful observance of conditions from afar, had’ ridiculed the report from its inceptidn. The truth of the matter is this: The original report emanated neither from Moscow nor Leningrad but from RIGA. The report was ridiculous on the face of it, especially in view of the fact that Soviet official estimates, cabled to various papers thruout the world, were for an entire Russian crop of some 660,000,000 bushels. ‘The. sweet sanctimoniousness of the Tribune is especially funny in this case when it is known that its chief source of cabled news about condi- | tions and events in the Soviet Union comes regularly out of Riga, where it maintains a correspondent who upholds the traflition of the Tribune, one Donald Day, who is, by and large, the most | unreliable tippler in newspaperdom. Another contemporary, the Chicago Daily News, takes occasion to remark judiciously: “Misinformation about Russia originates | outside of Russia—in Berlin, Bttcharest, Warsaw, the northern) border towns, particlularly Riga, a veritable mendacity mill so far | as the Soviet republic is concerned.” It is not without significance | that the news one reads in the Tribune about Russia almost always comes from one of the cities mentioned by the News. The Tribune’s claim to truth is taken seriously nowhere except | in the environs of Chicago’s Gold Coast. It was only a couple of weeks ago that the columns of this rag were blazing away with re ports about the “situation in Russia.” With the aid of Donald Day, its Riga reporter, it had Stalin shooting Trotsky with one hand and imprisoning Zinoviey with the other. It led armies, directed by Kamenev and its Bucharest correspondent, to victory on the first) page, only to have them overwhelmed by defeat on page seven with the aid of a cabled “special story” from Helsingfors. It calmly strangled Stalin with a wireless message from its Lisbon correspond- ‘ent and put him at the head of an insurrectionary army bombarding with the obliging help of a Warsaw scribe. Only after two weeks of hectic tales about revolution, rapine and repression in Russia, did it print, obscurely, a story from a Moscow cor- respondent of the Associated Press which expressed surprise at the atories about trouble in Russia and declared that the country was as peaceful as Oscaloosa, Louisiana, on a Sunday morning. The virtue of veracity that the Tribune parades is astonish- ingly reminding’ of the old~poet who piped: “Methinks the lady doth protest too much.” Woll Gives More Aid to the Passaic Mill Owners Matthew Woll, vice-president of the American Federation of | Labor, from his Montreal hotel, denounces Senator Borah for hia| efforts in behalf of the Passaic strikers, but has not one word to say about the mill owners who, after having refused to deal with )pected ‘of having written it, the A. F. of L. union which the strikers have formed, are trying to organize a company union and have appointed as_their mediation | committee two priests, the president of the Passaic Bar Association: and a former district judge. Woll says that the investigation into the profits of the textile barens and their connection with the high tariff on fabries is looked “upon by the A. F. of L. executive council as an entering wedge for government intervention in labor disputes, But the hypocritical | character of this statement is apparent when it is remembered that | Woll recently wrote an article in which he called upon Secretary of | Commerce Hoover to head a conference for-“saving waste’ in in-| dustry.” It is obvious that Woll’s principal objection to Borah’s intervention in the Passaic strike is that it so far has tended to help the strikers and weaken the position of the mill harons. When the American Federationist cancels the advertisement it is carrying for the unfair Botany Mills, when the executive council calls upon labor to render the maximum support to the strikers and ceases its open sabotage of the strike while textile workers, men, “women and children, are being clubbed down in the streets by the mill owners’ police, honest workers may begin to’ pay a little atten- --tion to the warnings of Woll. At present they are nothing more or less than aid and comfort to the owners of the worst slave-driving institutions in the United States —the textile mills of Passaic. Tf Woll is trying to prove to American workers that nothing short of the complete surrender of the Passaic strikers will please the executive council he is succeeding admirably. IT PAYS TO ADVERTISE in the Chicago Section of the Novy Mir (Hospi Mup) The Only Russian Communist Weekly in the U. 8 The Amalgamated Trust & Savings Bank, the T..U. B. L., the Y. W. L., the I. L: D. and private business people are doing it and get results. Why Not Your Organization? Send in your ad to the CHICAGO OFFICE NOVY MIR 1113 W. Washington Bivd. Chicago, Illinois “Education” in the Training C Camps - “Citizenship Course” Is a Soldier Course—The Red Peril—Plain Talk About Imperialist War—The | “Liberty and Democracy’? Gag— By THURBER LEWIS HILE most of the time of “citizen soldiers” at Citizens’ Military Training Camps is taken “up with strictly military routine such as drill, inspection, fatigue ete. there is a Umited period devoted each of the thirty days of the term to sports and “citizenship training.” We have al- ready had occasion to show that these non-military occupations come to take | up less time as the student advances in his course of training from the first to the fourth year when he becomes eligable for the reserves. We are in- terested now in showing in what consists these citizenship courses and what object the war department has in introducing them into the training. The Main Object. NE would be naive indeed to be- lieve the publicity of the war de- partment that says the C. M. T. C.’s are operated for the primary object of making strong men and good :citi- zens ‘out of the recruits that agree to go to camp for thirty. days, Most assuredly the war department is the last to believe this. If the camps had any other end in view but the making jof soldiers you can depend upon it that they would long since have passed into the jurisdiction of some other branch of the government. So that one approaches the “course in citizenship” with a suspicion that citizenship is not its primary object. Mimeographed Courses, HAVE before me two mimeo- graphed courses in citizenship for the use of officers in instructing classes at the camps. pages the other of 50. One is a special outline for courses to be: givem to the C. M. T. C, unit at Camp Custer, Mich., | and is unsigned except by the Camp Commander, a brigadier general of no very great note who need not be sus- In all likelihood it was prepared in Wash- ington. The other, the 50 page course, is by Maj. Chas, A. Stokes of the 17th U.S. Infantry and appears to be writ- ten for use thruout the nine army corps areas by the company command- ers of C. M. T, C, units as a sort of |mine for suggestion and guide in giv- ing “citizenship instruction,” Before we begin to examine these two very interesting documents it is amusing to note that much of the ma- terial in them has nothing whatever to do with citizenship or civics. A good part of the two outlines deals with what seems a very much padded at- tempt to impart a “general education” to the lads, Fancy, education in the army when one of the chief qualifica- tions of a good soldier is his ability to do a minimum of thinking, The Red Peril. T is not very difficult to discover what portions of.the outlines are intended to be stressed by the teach- ers, all of whom are regular army of- ficers—usually the company command- er, A soldier need not be expected to put near as much fervor or time in the teaching of a topic like “fire pre- yention” as one much nearer his heart such as “Preparedness and National Defense.” And when you let a hard- boiled army lieutenant loose with an outline under the title “The Red | Peril” you can expect him to wax very eloquent in his vulgar, military way and to find the inspiration for much original comment.of his own. “Preparedness.” © turn to page 11 of the Camp Custer outline. The chapter is jealled “Conference on Preparedness |and National Defense.” A. note says, “To be used in company conferences by company commanders.” The whole question of future war is put on the basis of “national defense.” There is no mention of the fact that in the last war the troops that fought did not shed a drop of blood on American. soil. The foremost question is made “pre: paredness.” We read, “If you were told today One is of 38 | ER In this fifth of a series of articles on military training In this country with especial regard for the summer training camps and training In schools and colleges meant by the “citizenship cour: to accompany the training given. persual of the courses prepared Department for use In the camps. the writer examines just what is s” advertised by the War Department The investigation is based upon a under the supervision of the War They reveal that the main object, even of the course In so-called citizenship is to manufacture soldier minds and not citizen minds. The War Department is interested In troops not voters, ne that a year from now you would have | to enter the ring with the champion boxer your weight—what would you do?” Right after which a parenthett- cal note instructs the officer—(ask one or two men what they wohld do), And the lads of course answer, “I would go |into training, I would prepare,” just as it is desired they answer,, Then the instructor proceeds, to put the question on an international plane and the text continues for the use of the instructor: oe Some Plain Talk. HAT brings about war? War be- tween nations results from a con- flict of national aspirations. National aspirations conflict as the result of racial, political, economic and commercial rivalries, These are questions of nation policy. The na- tional policy of a government dic- tates the character of the military policy.” We must pause here to ob- serve that this is a bit of plain speak- ing, But it must not be forgotten that these ‘outlines are for the use of offi- cers. It is not likely that the, in- structor would speak so plainly to thé boys. But it is significant that, at least among officers, there is no con- cealment of the real purposes of war. It is simple. National aspirations are economic rivalries, These are ques- tions of national policy which de- termines military policy. It is the theory of capitalist imperialism summed up. For the benefit of the student, how- ever, the instructor is given to under- stand that one point shall -be driven home—that national policy—and there- fore military policy—is determined by “the people.” How? Because the peo- ple elect congress and congress alone can declare war, It’s the old school- history “liberty and democracy” gag worked out scientifically for use on prospective soldiers. Always Unprepared. NOTHER trick of the propagand- ist is to insist that we were not. These Men Are Made the “Hero” Types For the Lads in Military Training Camps Colonel Theodore Roosevelt. Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood. The foremost militarists and jingoes in the country are held up to the lads in the training camps as the models of “American Citizens.” JOHN PEPPER'S PAMPHLET ON * The General Strike and the General Betrayal, by John Pepper, published by The DAILY WORKER Publishing ‘Company, 1113.W.-Washington Bivd., Chicago. Price 25c, 59 Jou PEPPER jias written a. splen- did story of the British General Strike, I write “story” advisedly be- cause the presentation is in a dra- matic form which grips one at the. be- Pinning, holds one's interest thruout the pamphlet until the end is reached, The story is told so effectively that one feels as if he were seeing. a mov- ing picture presentation ‘of the strike. The situation is developed skillfully at the opening. The actors in the story (in this case social classes strug- gling for power), appear upon the screen, the economic conditions which caused the strike are shown, the de- velopment of the fighting spirit and mobilization of the workers, the mo- bilization of the bosses and govern- ment. against them, the strike itself, down to the final great betrayal, This is the easiest book to read on economics and politics which has come to my hands, because of the ab- sorhing interest which the skillful manner of presentation creates, The reader must not get the impression, however, that the pamphlet is merely a story of the strike and neglects the fundamental economle and social ques | iste and thelr govern: THE BRITISH GENERAL STRIKE tions. Quite the contr: The chap- ters devoted to the econbmic situation of the British Empire and of the coal industry are the most { inating pre- sentation of basic facts which could be made, “ Many workérs who have read in the literature of ‘the Commu: nist movement about “the contradic- tions of capitalism” ‘e wondered what the “contradictions” were and how they affected the Capitalist sys- tem will find in Peppers pamphlet a concrete example of thi Strike, The presentation of these economic’ facts in regard to the situation of the British Empire is as simple and direct and as easily understattdable as the rest of the pamphlet, The economic basistof social move- ments comes our clearby thru the facts and figures about British industry which are presented in the opening One can sea a proletarian eco- chapters, revolution developing in the nomic facts as presen’ From this basis, the one thru the preparat, strike by the workers, by Pepper. inner contra- dictions of capitalist e¢énomy which create such a crisis as that thru which Great Britain has just,/gone because they generate mass’ struggles of ‘the workers against the capitalist class such as appeared In the General hiet takes for the the capital- thru the BRITISH FLEET PAYS GREEK PORTS VISIT AFTER ‘REVOLUTION’ _ (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, Aug. 27.—According to the London Press, the British fleet has visited the Greek ports Volo, Saloniki, Kavalla, Spetsae and Skia- thos. the fleet did not go to Pira- eus (Port of Athens). The British Admiralty issued a s' ment deny- ing that the visit of the fleet had anything to do with the recent revo- lution, and saying that the visit was decided upon long ago. approximately ten days when the army of the workers and the capital- ists were facing h other on the battlefield, showing the weaknesses of the workers and their strength, and the methods of the capitalist govern- ment in fighting them. No workers who want to understand what: really happened and is’ happen- ing in Great Britain can miss this pamphlet by Comrade Pepper. It is.a model of simple, concise, absorbingly interesting writing which will carry the reader thru the pamphlet once he begins, and which is certain to give him a clear understanding Of the Brit- ish General Strike and the eitish pro- letarian revolution of whii «the en: eral strike represented an” Open’ battle.—C, &, Ruthenburg, & ! ’ “We Ar e Always Unprepared”— Law and: Order. only unprepared in the last war. but that if the British had. moved on Wash: ington while he was in Valley Forge he would have been wiped out and that Washington was sacked by the British in 1812 becausé-“we were unprepared.” Also, Bryan said: “We don’t need an army; in twenty-four hours we could put an army of.a million men in the fleld! Gentlemen! (This. is what the company commander mtist say—evi- dently with drama) forty-four thous- and men enlisted in our last war, the balance we drafted.!, Every: boy that goes to the military training camp is sent out a potential propagandist to bring more boys to the camp next year and-also to plug for support from other ‘sources as, wit- ness: “Carry away from this confer- ence the will to support, defend, and promote, in your community, a true spirit of Americanism; Set to it that insofar as’ possible, the men who re- present you in government support this movementboth morally and: fi- nancially (this plainly means—iisist that your congressman vote for bigger military appropriations). This work of preparedness, such as that in which you are now engaged must have more than a passive support from every loyal American who 4s not fanatically inclined.” The “Red” Movement. Be what do you suppose is the big- gest part of the course? ‘Take the chapter lengths, ‘‘What the Army Does Besides Fight” 18 given’ three pages, “Preparedness,” -thrée pages, “Fire Prevention,” two, “Sanitation,” three— but the chapter entitled: “Fatts About the ‘Red’ Movement’ and. What -It Means to -Ameriea” occupies EIGHT pages. Which would seem to indicate that this were the burden of the song contained in this. so-called course in “Citizenship.” I am not going into the details. They are far too hackneyed: It is the same old tune. Breaking up the home, nationalizing women and children, abolition of religion, aboli- tion of private property,..There are eight pages of this, mind you. These eight pages are for the use ofthe officer. He is expected to enlarge up- on the theme. You can imagine what it must be like when it reaches the ears of the “citizen soldiers.” They Mean Strikes. IHE dire warnings contained in this chapter are summed up; “It would be well-nigh impossible under the constitution at present for any group or organization to impose their will upon the country, so long as the in- | dividual citizen faithfully performs the duties of citizenship.” You can de- pend upon it that when this sentence leaves the mouth of the officers, “group” becomes “class” and duties of citizenship means military training for defense of the country, which in ease of strike means private property on “Last Word owned by the bosses. This is the im- plication of the whole course and it certainly is the implication of the sen- tence above. “Law and Order.” » OR example in the next chapter, “Law and Order,” which gets less than three pages: “What co-operation should exist between the police and army, navy and state militia when called out in times of public. danger, riots and disasters.” Is any- worker Ernest Haeckel on Evolution” CHAPTER II. THE STRUGGLE OVER OUR Gi EALOGICAL TREE. Our Ape-Relatives and the Verte! Stem. (Gontinngs from previous iss His lite e Wurtzburg was tndeatset brilliant perjod of Virchow’s ind, too, able scientific labors, A change jp place. when-he removed to Berlts, 1856. He then occupied himself ohh ly with political and social and po aa interests. In the last respect he has done; so-much for Berlin and the wel- fare of-the German people that I need not enlarge-on’it, Nor will I go into bis self-sacrificing and often thank- less political work as leader,-of the progressive party; there are differenc- es of opinion as to its value. But »we must: carefully examine his peculiar attitude, towards evolution, and espe- cially its clifef application, thé ape- theory. He was at first favorable to it, them sceptical, and finally dec ly hostile. ' When the Lamarckian theory was brought to {ght again by Datwin in 1859,’ many thought that it »was Vir- chow!s “vocation to take the lead in defending it. He had made a thorough study of the problem of heredity; he had realized the power of adaptation thru his study of pathological chang- es; and he had been directed to the great question,.of the origin of man by his anthropological studies. He was at that time regarded as a de- termined opponent of all dogmas; he combated trangcendentalism either in the form of ecclesiastical creeds or anthropomorpliism. After 1862 he de+ clared that “the possibility of a tran- sition from species to species was a necessity of science.” When I opened the first public discussion of Darwin- ism at the Stettin scientific’ congress in 1863, Virchow and Alexaider Braun were among the few scientists who would admit the subject..to’ be impor- ‘|| tant and deserving of the most care- ful study. When I sent to him in 1865 two lectures that I had delivered at Jena on the origin and--generlogical tree. of the human race, he willingly received them amongst his Collection of Popular Scientific Lectures, In the |course of many long conversations I had with him on the matter, he agreed with me in the main, tho with the prudent reserve and cool skeptic- ism that characterized him. _He adopts the same moderate attitude in the lecture that he delivered to the Artisan’s Union at Berlin in 1869 on “Human and Ape Skulls.” His position definitely changed in regard to Darwinism from 1877 on- ward. At the Scientific Congress that was then held at Munich I had, at tha pressing’ request of my Munich friends, tindertaken the first address. (én 18th" September) on “Modern Evolution in Relation to the whole of Selence.” In this addresg: I had sub: stantially advanced the same general views that I afterwards enlarged in my jitary Training Camps. reading this unfamiliar enough with Monism Riddle of the Universe, and the history old and recent of his class | Wonders of Life. In the ultramontane in this and other countries not-to know capital 6f Bavaria, in sight of a great that strikes are included as “public | university which emphatically des- danger? cribes itself as'Catholic, it was some+ Such is*the type of “citizenship | what bold td take such a confession training” that young men between 17 | of faith: The deep impression that it and 24 years of age getat Citizens’ Mil- | had made was ‘indicated by the lively It is ‘tratning | manifestations of assent on the one planned and devised for the purpose | hand, and displeasure on the. other, of moulding the minds of the students that were at once made in the Con- not into “citizens” but into soldiers. gress itself and in the Press. On the ‘The war department fs ifterested in | following day I departed for Italy (ac- making troops not voters. ‘The courses Gording to an arrangement made long are scientifically planned -to” do;just | jefore).’ Virchow did not come to this, to give the: kind of: intolerant, Munich until two days afterwards, jingoistic training that | -make obe-| when he delivered (on 22nd Septem- dient infantrymen. *__|Uer, invresponse to entreaties from people of position and influence) his famous antagonistic speech on “The Picnic in Milwaukee = Freedom: of | Science in the Modern for Passaic Relief State.” ‘The gist of the speech was that this freedom ought to be restrict- The Milwaukee ‘relief committee for |€d; that, evolution is an unproved the Passai¢ textile strikers are hold hypothesis, and ought not to be taught ing a picnic on Sunday, August 29, |in the school because it is,danger- 1926, at Blatz Park, ous to. the. State: “We must not This | pleili¢’ is - being -arrangéd ag teach,”. be said, “that man descends part of the cémmfttée’s plan ’ i raise ‘trom the. ape or any other animal.” funds for the’Passaic textile thikersy ‘in 1849, ‘the young Monist, Virchow, who have been struggling for better | had emphatically deolared this con- wages and conditions and the right to wiction, “that he would never be in- organize ‘for the past sevon nipiths. © |! ‘ the thesis of the unity Blatz Park is located on the upper re and its consequene- Milwaukee river near what is known |'es;” now, twenty-eight years as Pleasant, Valley Swimming Sch wards, the prudent Dualistic politic! The entrance to the park is on "Huu- entirely denied it, He had ft bold avenue. Take Holton street car |taught that all the bodily and® to Auer avenue-and walk east to-Hum- process: inthe human org: bold, or take Center street car to Lo; |pend on. the mechanism cust street and Humbold avenue and | life; dec! walk north; Admission is 25 center * prt jos py hated Waukegan ¥.W.L. __|ssmen wep ci speech wat aukegan ig Church, which: Ie Pp a “ . 4 2, f s. School Ends with Affair WAUKEGAN, Ill, — The Young Workers League School here is hold- | + ing its commencement affair on Satury, Pe day, Nite, Aug, 28th at the Workers’ | Hall, 517 Helmholz’ St. The twenty seven students of the school are pre- paring an elaborate program for this affair consisting of song’,:poema, the: Y. W. L. band and the presentation of a playlet by Michael Gold. Minnie | Lurye and A, Minervich will speak in behalf of the students and John. Wil Hamson will speak in. behalf ot the instructors. All friends and \aympa- thizers are urged to attend. © 27. — The Aug. has tu ear on pleas trom reputhbens 7 wae federal tax reduction in GTON, treasniry department Speaking in the absence of” tary Mellon, Acting Seere! stotn said the treasury wou! sider further tax reduction the public debt hag been Teduced. a* Aameece eee om ¢.