The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 26, 1926, Page 3

| | ~ i |— Pe READY TO CROSS BULGAR BORDER; TENSION GROWS' Only Bulgarian Speech Allowed in Sofia (Special to The Dally Worker) BUCHAREST, Roumania, Aug, 24.— The Roumanian minister at Sofla has communicated to his government the fact that the Bulgarian rulers are much worried over the present ex- change of notes between Bulgaria on the one hand and Greece, Roumania and Jugo Slavia on the other. The Bulgarian reply to the allies’ demands that raiding across the border by ir- regular armed bodies of Bulgarians and Macedonians must stop, will prob- ably admit the raids but disavow re- sponsibility on the grounds that the treaty of peace and the league of na- tions do not permit Bulgaria sufficient armed troops to guard the frontier. The Roumanian minister claims that the Bulgarian government itself is afraid this excuse will sound rather stale. Talk Bulgarian or Nothing. It is reported that the Bulgarian government has forbidden all use in public of any but the native language, and gives other evidence of nervous- ness. The Belgrade newspapers say that if the Bulgarian raids do not come the Balkan allies will pursue raiders over the border. This is certain to result in war, either declared or noi declared, There is still some talk of bringing in the league of nations to settle the quarrel, but the opinion gains ground that Greece, Roumania and Jugo Slavia know their ground, and that -the league will, as usual, side with the stronger. The affair may result in some further friction in the league, as it is certain now that there is contem- plated a matrimonial alliance between the ruling houses of Italy and Bul- garia, and there are always hard feel- ings between Italy and Jugo Slavia, Roumania is opposing, diplomati- cally, the “humanitarian” loan from the league to Bulgaria, on the grounds that some of the money might be used to build strategic military railways under the pretense of opening up new land for settlement of refugees. Americans Attacked In France. NICH, France, Aug. 24.—Police res- cued Mr, and Mrs, Harry Wills and Mrs. Alice Oler of Philadelphia from a threatening mob today. The taxi- cab in which the Americans were rid- ing ran down a cyclist. The cyclist was not injured and he got up and attacked the chauffeur. A crowd col- lected and threatened the Americans. WCEL Radio Program Chicago Federation of Labor radio broadcasting station WCFL is on the air with regular programs. It is broadcasting on a 491.5 wave length from the Municipal Pier. TONIGHT. 6:00 to 7:00—Chicago Fe bor talks and bulletins; solos. 7:00 to 7:30—The Florentine String Trio, dinner music. tion of La- instrumental Anderson, tenor; r-old boy pianist; 8:30 to 10:00—H. Winter, harmony and ch: a Schafer; Al Scott’s Hawaiian Trio; Arthur Billquist, popular songs. 10:00 to 11:00—Dance music from the Municipal Pier Auditorium, Chas. Cook's Orchestra. REDE caRTaaiis § A Book You'll \ Be Proud of! What By THURBER LEwIs, IDE by side with the general propa- ganda and military activity in- volved in the Citizens’ Military Train- ing Camps, the colleges, universities and high schools of the country are being converted into veritable bar- racks, The extent of military train- ing in schools and colleges in the United States is not generally known, But the work of the War Department and its jingo civilian assistants goes systematically and quietly forward on practically every campus in the coun- try. The medium thru which the War Department operates in its work is the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. Like the C. M..T. C., the R. O. T. C was founded by act of congress in 1920. The particular bill was an amendment to the National Defense Act of 1916 authorizing the president to establish and maintain “civil educational insti- tutions,” But scholastic military training started in this country before that. As long ago as 1862 there was passed in congress the: Morrill Land Act that gave land to ‘colleges on condition that they devote their teaching par ticularly to agriculture and mechan- ics. The act'also required that these olleges givé military training. How- ever, until the war, the law was not taken very seriously and the military training taught in these so-called “Land Grant Colleges” was generally of an inocuous kind, Government Requirements. fice R. O. T. C, is entirely different, It consists of serious and acien- tific military t®aining. No unit is set up in any school unless there is one or more officers of the regular army to direct the course. In the larger schools a “military staff” is installed composed of as many as 20 regular army officers. This is the case at the Universities of Ohio and Illinois. The War Department assigns the military faculties at the head of which is a “professor of military science and tac- tics.” Unless the school agrees to maintain a two years’ course and that such @ course shall be obligatory up- on every student over 14 years of age, the War Department will not give the institution its attention, During the school there were 226 United States. For these R. 0. T. C. units, congress set aside almost $4,000,000. The total number of stu- dents taking military training was over 125,000, The War Department assigned 768 officers and 1,064 enlisted men whose salaries were paid by the department, to devote their entire time as mem- bers of the military faculties of these 226 schools, 124 of which were col- leges, 63 high schools and 39 military academies, Make Them Officers, i Geta course in the R. O, T, C, is di- vided into junior and senior divis- fons. In the junior division in prepar- atory and high schools, a student is required to take at least three hours per week in drill and military instruc- tion and in the senior division, five hours is required. This division of time is established by the Defense Act. A student is required to agree to con- tinue the course for at least two years, ;| Upon completing the seven years of the course, in mhich a considerable’ amount of time must also be devoted to summer camp training, the stu- dent is eligible for admission to the { Seventeen leading artists in over seventy cartoons and drawings. Size 9x 12, covers. on heavy drawing paper, bound in brown art-board Postpaid $1.00 DAILY W “ PUBLISHING -MI3._-W. WASHINGTON BLVD, Chicago = ILL. Jelereererere Le wsceusveeee veeeeteen COMPANY - Is the R.O.T.C THE DHILY WORKER 9? Beginning of Scholastic Military Training—Manu- Page Thres facturing: Officers for Cannon Fodder—Subsidies @@_ by the War Department—Compulsory Training. Third Article of Series Practically every large university and college in the country and many high and preparatory schools give military training to students a’ bove 14 years of age. In 83 of these Institutions the training Is com- pulsory and In others things are made very disagreeable for the lad who refuses to take the drill. On top of this all sorts of inducements are held out to students such as monetary subsidies from the War Department, clothes, eto., not to speak of alluring publicity featuring sports and recreations that turn out to be the hardest kind of military routine. The War Department is of course alded In this program by the steel trust, the money trust, the packers and all the great combinatlons of capital whose subsidies find thelr way Into the colleges and universities and who profit by military training. Students get familiar with weapons at an early age thru the medium of the War Department vehicle for giv- Ing military training to the school-going youth of the country. Lads of 14 years of age are permitted to enlist in| the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps to take the regular army drill and military instruction with rifles, machine guns and all the other deadly paraphernalia used to carry on war and break strikes. entering the latter he must sign an oath to bind himself to reserve service inthe army for at least five years.| In the school year of 1924 no less than 3,392 youths were made second ligatenants in the United States ie ES as 2 ¥ fists Reserva Officers’ Corps. But before, dent to take up the instruction. We will let Winthrop D. Lane, to whose/ researches we are indebted for much of the material about the R. O. T. C., tell us about subsidizing the student: “But eyen,” says Lane, “if compul- sion were to go—and it is at present Army as the result of their training | increasing not lessening—there would | of 30 cents a day for 312 days and thus amounts to $93.60 for each year or $187.20 for the two years, a sum} sufficient to help many a poor lad thru school, In addition while in camp they received wages at the lowest rate in the regular army, or 70 cents a day, This adds $29.40 to their bringing the total in actual cash up to receipts, | Season 1924-25 ‘ educational institu- tions giving military instruction in the ity of the War Department is increas-| ing year by year in this direction, | altho no figures are available for the succeeding years, it is plain that the officers commissioned in this way is increasing. All the big universities and colleges are on the list in which military training is given, high schools in itary instruction, where often boys of 14 are given regtflar instruction in the use of arms, LTHO only 83 educational institu- tions make military drill compul- sory, (actually it is not compulsory ac- cording to law) it is not necessary, what with the funds appropriated and the propaganda spread, to force a stu- GREAT MONOPOLY OF FRENCH IRON BEING ARRANGED |Build Biggest Trust in Period of Penance (Special to The Dally Worker) PARIS, Aug. 24, — While the gov- ernment, which is now strictly a big business affair, following the shatter- ing of the “left bloc,” makes a gesture of economy by passing a regulation that all good Frenchmen who love their country and value the franc shall eat stale bread during a so-called “period of penance,” the great indus- trialists get to work to reap the fruits of depreciation and consolidate their gains, The collapse of real wages thru the cheapening of the currency has placed the French manufacturers in a posi- tion to bid for the world trade in steel and fron, In addition to the recent bargain with the German trusts cor- respondence is now going on between all French concerns controlling mines, furnaces, steel works, foundries, roll- ing mills, manufacturers using iron a raw material, and all wholesalers, retailers and exporters in this industry. The object is to call in the near future a “States General of Metallurgy” and to establish the largest and most complete national monopoly of iron and steel products in the world. With its relations to the conquered German industrialists clear, the way seems open for French indus- try to seriously affect the world mark- Morgan decides otherwise. are making a point that the bankers are not included in the new combina- tion, but just how much of this is truo, remains to be seen, Meanwhile the common people con- tinue to @at stale bread and enjoy not more than two dishes per meal in eater eh ii 003 ‘ii eight cities of the first class give mil-| un inthe R. O. T. C. Since the actly: | still be th factor of War Department propaganda. Backed by an annual ap- propriation: such as the $3,818,020 giv- en by congress for R. O. T. C. ex- penses in!1925, the military officials are able to make money talk to stu- dents. Under the terms of the Na- tional Defense Act students in the jun- ior division and those taking the basic course in the senior division receive sistence while there. Students in the} advanced course of the senior division get more, They are not only given uniforms, but a subsidy in cash. This payment is issued to them at the rate REPORT GEN. SEMENOFF, WHITE RUSSIAN LEADER, TO LEAD SIBERIAN DRIVE | $216.00.” The Publicity Agents. aes addition to these material offers that are often enticing to a youth | that has to struggle his way thru | school, the army publicity agents work | the game for all it is worth in propa- | sandizing the lads. They appeal to |the school spirit of the boys, they) ‘forms to wear while they are un-| make no secret of talking about the| dergoing training. Those in the basic) course receive, also, travel allowance/| to and from a summer camp, if they) elect to attend one; they receive sub-| money and clothes advantages of the course, they hold out offers of “polo games with cavalry teams” and talk of getting “training in managing men.” The colleges give credit to the stu- dents that engage in military drill and | this too is not overlooked by the cata- | logue writers. Every possible induce- !ment is held out-and mention of the SPANISH-ITALIAN AGREEMENT IRKS BRITISH CABINET Suddenly Decides No Slavery in Abyssinia (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, Aug. 24, — French and British warships steam towards Tan- gier to prevent that theoretically neutral territory from being seized as a@ result of the new Spanish-Italian concord and turned over to Spain, Dictators’ Alliance. The Mussolini government has de- clared in favor of Spanish ownership of Tangier, The treaty between Spaiu and Italy discusses other phases of the Mediterranean and North African situation also, and in general indicates an alliance between Mussolini and GENERAL SEMENOFF, Reports from the far east say that the former cossack General §& enoff, now living under Japan protection at Nagasaki, is making an attempt to organize an army for the invasion of Siberia, He hopes, It is sald, to use the white Russian troops under Chang in China, notorious for their gery, as a nucleus. But if the general was decisively beaten in the days when Soviet Russia w: weak and being attacked from all sides, the ¢kiled white guard must be given cedit for great optimism 9. a chance of suc- In supposing hi cess with forces of the revolu- tlon oonee!t as they are now, [tan LT PG OY OE aR Primo de Riviera, the full extent of which can only be guessed, Baldwin Changes Front. One immediate effect is the brazen change of front by the Baldwin cab- inet on the question of slavery in Abyssinia, While Benito and Baldwin were planning to divide the famous land of the Queen of Sheba, there was much talk of the terrible conditions of the slaves down there, and it was freely prophesied that the crusading armies of Hngland and Italy would find it necessary to free them, Now the Abyssinians have granted the British government the right to dam Lake Tsana and provide a water sup- ply to irrigate their newly opened cot- ton growing region in tha Sudan. The British government has evidently decided that slavery is not in Abys- sin'a, at least as long as the natives there do not interfere with the water supply and at least while Mussolini persists in double-crossing the British navy by flirting with the idea of build- ing fortifcations across from Gibral- eee strictly military side of the training is of course, very much subdued. When the student falls: for the salve and signs up with the R. O. T, C, it dies not take him long to discover that he has not only pledged himself to a serious contract with the government to engage in military service that in- volves much embarrassment for him in his school to withdraw from, but that the bunk peddled about sports and citizenship resolves itself into good hard training in regular army style. Into his ears is dinned the most vicious sort of militarist talk and the “members of the military faculty” are forever attempting to arouse an exalted sense of patriotism on the one hand and enmity and hatred for for- eign nations on the other, The Subsidizers Profit. TT is important not to forget that the greater part of the higher educa- tional institutions in this country are subsidized. There is not an important university in the land that does not receive donations from some million- aire or corporation or group of wealthy capitalists. Do you suppose these subsidizers, most of them war- mongers and jingoes forever clamor-) ing about intervention in Mexico or} “defending the national honor,” ob-} ject to the War Department moving into the schools with its rifles and drill | sergeants? Of course not. These} very subsidizers have themselves in- | vested too much money abroad, they | own too many mines and factories in| which at any minute a strike might break out, to be oblivious to the ad- vantages that the activity of the War Department in extending the military | power holds for them. In what places can the militarists find better officers for the command of |the millions of conscriptable cannon |fodder in this country than in the | schools and colleges? The basis of an imperialist war machine of untold |magnitude is being laid each year as |the thousands of officers graduated |from the R. O. T. C. units don their uniforms and admire their newly ac-| | quired golden shoulder bars. Give the War Department the officers and it will draft the men for them to com- |mand. That sums up the purpose of |the R. 0. T. C. | (Tomorrow, Who Is Behind Military | Training?) |More Revolts Threaten Nicaraguan Dictator LEON, Nicarague, August 24.—Re- volutions continue in this satrapy of Wall Street. The latest outbreak is | directly across the country from the | recently suppressed revolt at Blue- fields which threatened the rule of the dictator, Chamorra, The government | is mobilizing all available forces and | ; Sending them to Leon and other towns near the Honduras border where re- bels have just dynamited a troop train |on which there was $200,000 in cash. | Only by sharp fighting were the re- | volutionists prevented from making | | off with the treasure. | Sporadic warfare is reported from | | other parts of the country, and the | American consul at Bluefields has| again asked Washington for a gun- | boat; the usual procedure of landing marines is expected. President Chamorra represents the most reactionary group of landowners and the most tyrannical cliques of army officers. During his former long reign as dictator, he was a tool of American bankers. He lost his job, finally, but has recently recovered the spoils of office by a military insurrec- tion. Though not recognized by the U. S. government which desires to maintain a general policy against re- bellion in Central America, Chamorra is reported as being on increasingly friendly terms with the business in- terests and high officials of the United States. He is violently opposed by all | the more liberal bourgeois of Nica- ragua, by the labor movement of that country and even by some of its land- owners, | os, dled 1 Know Their Enemies. MANAGUA, Nicaragua.—The revolt has spread into central Nicaragua and a considerable boty of rebels have at- tacked the San Antonio headquarters | of the Nicaragua Sugar Estates Co., | of London, the largest sugar enter-| prise in this part of the country, and | one of the worst of the foreign ex- ploiters who operate under the protec- tion of dictator Chamorra, It is re- ported that in the fighting Gustave Canton, the assistant superintendent of the company was killed. Five dollars will renew your) sub for a year, if you send it in| before August 15. Detroit, Attention! Wanted by employed couple two, rooms or one with sleeping porch in Northern Detroit, with meals Monday to Friday. Call Mollenhauer, Cadillac 4725. GINSBERG’S Vegetarian Restaurant 2324-26 Brooklyn Avenue, LOS ANGELES, CAL. | eral strike, has been | | win's claims, but I | of LLOYD GEORGE . IN FOXY MOVE TO WIN LABOE Pushes MacDonald Ou of Leading Position That the crafty Welsh politictam David Lloyd George, is pushing Ram say MacDonald, right wing leader o the British Labor Party and ex Premier, off the stage as a spokes man for labor, is apparent in Lioy: George’s vigorous defense of the Brit ish min published in the Hears press. Following the message sent by Pre mier Baldwin to America. declaring that there was no suffer! In the coa milies and trying to preven: relief being t the Britist A. k, miners’ secretary MacDonald hac a letter to Americe lies, but that Lloyc sed to do 80, abor Leader.” who had gone so. fai British capitalism tha: les for the Ameri cles financia miners, stated refused to write MacDonald, in support of he even wrote can press attacking the British gen ng labor sup port rapidly. Wi yd George aim ing to take his p! MacDonald was forced to act. > he declared that he had written a letter to Hilen Wilkin son, now in Ameri to refute Bald letter was lost! MacDonald's letter finally appeared, with a weak defense of the miners’ strike and an even weaker criticism Premier FE Now Lloyd | George, in his article for the Hearst os MacDonald in de- fense of the m and lashes Bald: win in scathing terms. In defense of the striking miners Lloyd George says, in part, as follows: Miners Case a Just One, “It will be asked, “Why, if there is all this suffering, do not the miners end it all by returnimg to work?’ But surely that depends on whether their case is a just one. They are not striking for a wage,increase; they ara papers, far outs | resisting an attempt to reduce wages, which are none too good when the per- ils of their trade are taken into com sideration. “It is the miést dangerous of oceu- pations, and the casualties to life and limb are higher than in all other voca- tions together. The work in older mines was particularly arduous and dangerous, but the British miner was paid, before the lockout began, not much more than one-third the wages received by Pennsylvania and Virginia miners. Owners Tyrannical, “The owners insist ona substantial reduction in that wage.or an increase in hours. The hours are nominally seven a day. In reality they are often eight or more, because of the dis- tances men have to travel under ground to their work. “Several royal commissions have in- vestigated the industry, each support- ing the main contention of the miners and each recommending reorganiza- tion of the industry. The mine own- ers are stubborn, rigid and unyield- ing.” $226,000,000 Spent by U. S. Tourists in France During 1925 PARIS, Aug. 24. — The official Jour nal publishes t statistics of money spent by Americans in France lag year, ; The number of American visiters was 220,000 who spent $226,150,000,) The tourist chart shows: 2 per cent, of the tourists were millionaires, spending $5,000 each; 18 per cent were of the wealthy class, spending $1,760 each; 44 per cent were business men spending $850 each; 8 per cent were travelers for business and amusement, spending $1,500 each, and 26 per cam, were teachers, students and other em ployes on vacation, spending $495 each. - SPECIAL ISSUES 4 SATURDAY, AUGUST 28 Seventh Anniversary Iseue of , the Workers (Communist) Par ty, a record of the American Communist Movement In special articles and art work, Get your bundles for meetings! SATURDAY September 4 Special Labor Day Issue The American Trade Union Movement in articles by out standing figures in the American labor movement—with the best work of American labor artista. 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