The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 24, 1926, Page 4

ge Four ees, we f THE DAILY! WORK ER orkers (Communist) Party ON TO A HALF MILLION! Distribute a half million copies of the pamphlet, “The ISTRICT ONE PLACES SLATE IN NOMINATION inters the Massachusetts State Campaign (Special to The Daily Worker) BOSTON, Aug. 22.—District One of @ Workers (Communist) Party has aced in nomination for the coming ection campaign in the state of assachusetts the following candi- ates: For U. S. senator, John J. allam; for governor, Lewis Marks; wr Heutenant governor, Albert Oddie; w attorney general, Max Lerner; for ate treasurer, Winfield A. Dwyer; or state auditor, John McCarthy; ow secretary, Emma P. Hutchins. An active campaign will be waged n behalf of these candidates on the asis of a platform demanding: the bolition of injunctions in labor dis- utes, repeal of the Watson-Parker iil and all similar anti-strike legisla- lon, against infringements of the ight of freedom of speech and as- embly, for the freedom of politica) risoners, nationalization of all large cale industry under workers’ con- rol. Immediate reduction of the army nd navy, full independence for the *hilippines, work on public. projects nd financial relief for the unem- loyed, the reduction of present citt- fenship qualifications for the foreign- vorn, abolition of child labor, recogne ion and defense of the Union of So ‘alist Soviet Republics, division of the ariff and the taxation laws so as to ower the cost of living and place the surden of taxation upon the employ- ors, and the abolution of all legisla- ‘ion discriminating against non-citi- sens. Decision was made that this tickes ye withdrawn in favor of a bona fide abor ticket, if such a ticket be or ganized. DISTRICT FIVE PLANS DAILY WORKER DRIVE PITTSBURGH, Pa., Aug. 22, — Dis- trict. Five, Workers (Communist) Party which during the national DAILY WORKER campaign occupied the second place in the contest, is now following up its good work with a special District DAILY WORKER drive, which is to begin Sept. 1 and end Nov. 7. Each shop or street nucleus is expected to secure at least 4 subs a member during the campaign. The nucleus that will raise the highest percentage of their quota wili choose a delegate to the next national convention of the party. The district will cover the expenses of this dele- gate, The comrade who will secure at least fifteen yearly subs will receive a set of three volumes of Capital by Karl Marx. The Tiird prize a set of books will be given to the comrade who will secure at least ten yearly subs during the campaign. Four yearly subscriptions to the Young Worker or three yearly subs to the Workers Monthly will be consider- ed equal to one yearly sub for the DAILY WORKER, Smaller subs will be credited accordingly. Each comrade is to be credited with subs secured personally, and no one is allowed to apply to his credit subs secured by someone else. The decision to begin a special dis- trict drive for DAILY WORKER was reached by the district executive com- mittee after a thoro analysis of the results of the national DAILY WORK- ER campaign which terminated re- cently. While the district did fairly well during that campaign, yet a sut- vey of the situation shows that the field of prospective subscribers has hardly been touched in this district of coal and steel. It is expected that during the district drive the circula- tion of The DAILY WORKER will at least be doubled. Workers (Communist) Party—What It Stands For, Why Every Worker Should Join” by the end of this year. TEN THOUSAND IN THE LAST WEEK! THE TOTAL, SOLD OF THE PAMPHLET BY C, E. RUTHENBERG The Workers (Communist) Party, What It Stands For, Why Every Worker Should Join has been brought up to TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND COPIES Distribute— A copy of the pamphlet to every worker in your shop A copy of the pamphiet to every worker in your neighborhood A copy of the pamphlet to every member of your local union A copy of the pamphlet to every member of your fraternal society or workers’ club. DISTRIBUTE— HALF A MILLION COPIES TELL HALF A MILLION WORKERS WHAT OUR PARTY STANDS FOR! Order from: NATIONAL OFFICE, WORKERS PARTY, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. C o-operative Section | This department will appear In every Monday’s issue of the The DAILY WORKER. THE CO-OPERATIVE MOVEMENT Chapter I!l—Early Efforts. ie this sooial soil, the first seeds of co-operative enterprise were planted. In some industries the truck system of robbery did not exist, or was not so prevalent as in others; hence poverty-stricken workers, by putting their coppers together to buy food in bulk and selling it amongst themselves, practiced the first forms of co-operative trading, thus avoiding exploitation at the point of distribution. The Earliest Example of Distributive Co-operation. It is only natural to assume, bearing in mind the proverbial Scottish character, that co-operation would germinate first in Scotland. And, in fact, the first co-operative society, of which we have any knowledge was the Govan Victualling Society, established in 1777. But the earliest example of distributive co-operation was povided by the Fenwick (Ayrshire) Weav- ers’ Society, founded in 1871. This+—— was a society adopting some of the] rom the funds, together with a small old craft guild traditions, They, the weavers, were pledged as a primary function “to make good and suf- ficient work and exact neither higher nor lower prices than are accustomed in the town and parishes in the neigh- borhood.” They were also bound to contribute at least quarterly “for poor’s money.” Later, some of the funds were utilized to buy reeds re- quired by the weavers, thus relieving the individual members of the burden of purchasing these necessaries of the trade. This, one of the earliest forms of collectively owned imple- ments, is now extensively applied in agriculture and other forms of pro- ductive co-operation. In 1769 the Fen- wick Weavers’ made a further experi- ment, Some of the funds were used to purchase “victuals.” The victuals were bought in bulk from the pro- ducer, and resold, at a price fixed as low as possible, to the members. The small margin of ‘profit was used to’ cover interest on the money borrowed DRIVE IT HIGHER! August Is Not Yet Over! Ten days are still left in the month of August! and the members—must show that they can @arty—the leading committe: make up for their negligenc Every In these ten days the party member and every party func- tionary must look upon this as HIS job! Drive up the Special Assessments! Ten thousand by August 31! Here are some further settlements: 2 M. Lubesco, Nanticoke, Pa. 3 y, Throop, Pa. . " Quincy, 8 jew York City me 2 ranch, CG. 13 St. Nucleus 5, Chicago, It 11 St. Nucleus 21, Brooklyn, N. St. Nuo 16, Chica = ville, Ind. Binghamton, His, Wis. 3 St. Nucleus 6, 10 Rose Tkachuk, 5 J. Pintar, Wi W ia Ini New York City 6 L, Soderbacka, McKeesport, DRIVE THESE YY 20 y i. .. 11 Archie J. Young, Mt. Vernon, Wal N.Y. ePesagSaeoaas sessesss FIGURES UP! \ allowance to those who were buying and reselling the stock. In 1800 this Part of the society's activity was dis- continued owing to excessive and fluc- tuating prices, and aggravation of the Corn Laws, Co-operative Flour Milling. Other applications of co-operative effort were directed to the first neces- sities of flour-milling and bread-mak- ing. The Hull Anti-Mill Society was founded in 1795 by certain “poor in- habitants” to preserve themselves “from the invasions of covetous and merciless men.” It was a striking suc- cess. Then came Robert Owen's propaganda, “Two separate and im- portant branches of social reform— the socialist legislation of the last fifty years on the one ‘hand, and ‘the Co- operative Movement on the other— sprang out of the teaching of Robert Owen” (B. Potter, Co-operative Movement in Great Britain), Robert Owen and His Experiments. Owen published the Economist in 1821, to advocate his views, and in the same year “The Co-operative and Eco- nomical Society,” a propagandist body, was formed in London, The London Co-operative Society was founded in 1924, in pursuit’ of a real- ization of some of Owen's ideas. The United Trades Co-operative Journal, May Ist, 1830, reporting a speech referring to the general condi- tion of the workers, says: “Sunk as they now were, they would continue to sink still lower in the scale of be- ing, if a general effort was not made to protect them#elves.” As a result of a dispute with their employers, the dressers and dyers in 1831 set up a factory of thelr own, and the Voice of the People stated that it was a great success, That remarkable leader of his day, John Doherty, exhorted other workers to follow this example, In 1831 there were 31% societies pledged to Owenite aims, Others, objecting to Owen's secular opinions, were. not com- mitted to Owenlsm., By 1832 there were some 500 societies in existence, and altho they all, with a few excep- tions, failed, our knowledge of the dif- ficulties to be met with makes this understandable. ‘ Owen chiefly favordd the idea of COOLIDGE WILL IGNORE LETTER FROM ‘TIGER’ Al’s Snub to Labor Lead- ers Discussed (Special to The Daily Worker) PAUL SMITH’S, N. 'Y,, Aug. 22, — Coolidge will not reply to the Clem enceau letter according to the official spokesman employed by the. presi- dent to sneak his views ta the..pub- lic. There is a general suspicion that the letter was inspired by the French government. The administration 1» determined to enforce payment of lebts. This is considered a very use- ful club to hold over the heads of U. S. competitors. “Anise” on Progress in the Soviet Union The well-known journalist and author, Anna Louise Strong (Anise), is contributing from Rus- sia a very interesting and inform- ing series of articles to The DAILY WORKER on “Life and Work in the Soviet Union.” The first one begins today on page 6. and the labor leaders is not public property yet. Inspect Training Camp. The labor leaders inspected the Citizens’ Training Camp at Platts- burg at the invitation of Dwight F. Davis, secretary of war. The’ reac- tionary labor bureaucrats are as much interested in the war preparations of the capitalists as the capitalists them- The official spokesman intimatea that Coolidge was on the point of lift- ing the embargo on the sale and transportation of arms to Mexico ex- cept to the government, séveral times during the past several months. In all probability Coolidge is using the embargo club as a weapon to force concessions from the Mexican govern- ment. see Politicians Buzzing. WASHINGTON, D, C., Aug. 22—The reported failure of Governor Al Smitn of New York to keep a dining date with President Green of the A. F. of L, and other labor officials has caused considerable political buzzing around here, The labor leaders will be luncheon guests of President Coolidge next Mon- day. For Executive Meeting. Green and his entourage are on the way to Montreal for an executive meeting at which the report to bs made at the Detroit convention will be prepared. They had informal din ner with Governor Smith in Albany, but if reports are authentic a more formal dinner engagement was plan- uid at which the governor ‘fal'el ty appear. What happened in the meantime to disturb the relations between Smith NEWS AND COMMENT self-governing communities:where the people would control. their own eco- nomic conditions. He had: many sup- porters, e. g., Alexander Campbell, who vigorously propagated Owenite theor- jes for many years. Campbell was really the driving force behind many of the Scottish Reform Movements for palitatives which in themselves were to be merely the preliminaries for the realization of Owen's aims, Owen himself set up a store at New Lanark. Goods were bought in bulk and sold at the lowest possible price. This effected a saving to the work- people of 25 per cent of what they were previously paying. Nevertheless, there was an annual profit of £700, used for educational purposes. The store was owned and controlled by Owen, and he was at particular pains to point out that such system of “joint stock retailing” was not comparable with the “social system we contem- plate.” Socialist Communities. The two most interesting experi- ments in co-operative colonies were at Orbiston, near Hamilton, Lanark- shire, and Queenwood, Hampshire. Orbiston was commenced by Abram Combe in 1826, and £20,000 was sunk in the venture. The founder died, and after three years the “Old Adam” was sufficiently assertive to compel the “First Society of Adherents to Di- vine Revelation” to sell up. Owen was the first governor of Queenwood, and in his abounding optimism had the let- ters “C. M."—Commencement of the Millennium—carved over the entrance to the main hall. After’ five years ‘his also proved a failure, One good purpose, was, however, performed by these failures—they demonstrated the impossibility of establishing oases of communism in the desert of capitalism. (altho the Irish experiment at Ralahine (1831- 1833) showed what working folk can accomplish if left to work out their own destinies). Owen, of course, had no real personal responsibility for ‘hese failures. He repeatedly warned co-operators against embarking on such schemes without sufficient capi- tal and the right type of colonists. Yet he never doubted that,co-operative colonies on a communistic basis were the cure for all social evils, Dr. King and His Co-operative Plans. Another outstanding pioneer, Dr. William King, of Brighton—whose work has, until recently, been largely ignored by the historians of the move- ment—inaugurated, in 1827, a Co-op- erative Society in Brighton. Its ob- Ject was the ultimate*foundation of a co-operative community, Between 1827-1830 he wrote and published The Co-operator to disseminate his views. The following is a typical extract: “We must form ourselves into a So- ciety... . we must foftd a fund by weekly deposits; as soon-ns it is large enough, we must lay it Out in various commodities, which we tust place in a common store, from which all mem- bers must purchas in common selves regardless of the fact that in- evitably these military forces will be used against the workers when they seek to assert their right to what they produce. The voting influence of the A, F. of L, bureaucracy is now ‘on the market and both capitalist parties are bar- gaining for delivery, Slush Does Not Bother Them. In Illinois, the slush fund expose has not deterred regular republican lead- ers from continuing their support of Frank L. Smith, senatorial candidate. Anti-Small elements are suggesting an independent candidate but the regu- lars state this would only give the victory to the democrat Brennan who is also smeared with the Insull slush. Rosenwald Against Smith. Julius Rosenwald, chairman of the Sears Roebuck board of directors, advocated that Smith resign as Illi- nois senatorial nominee. It is quite possible that Smith will run and that the anti-Small element may support Brennan who only got $15,000 of In- sull funds, How they can reconcile this possible action with their denun- ciation of slush funds can only be ex- plained by capitalist editors, The labor leaders who supported Smith in the primaries have not yet withdrawn their endorsement. necessaries, and the profit will form a common capital to be again laid out in tha commodities most wanted. Thus we shall have two sources of ac- cumulation—the weekly subscription, and the profit on articles sold. Sup- pose 200 persons thus unite,.and sub- scribe each, a shilling a week, and by purchasing at their own store, produce a profit of £20 a week, they will ac- cumulate at the rate of £30.a week, or £1,560 a year.... The Society will D> able now to find work for some of its members, the whole produce of whose labor will. be common prop- erty .... As the capital accumulates still farther, it will employ all the members, and then the advantages will be considerable indeed. Every member of the society will work, there will be no idlers. All the property will be common property, there wil be no pauperism or crime. When any of the members are ill, they will live and have medical attendance at the com- mon expense. When the capital has accumulated: sufficiently, the Society may purchase land, live upon it, cul- tivate it themselves, and produce any manufactures they please, and so pro- vide for all their wants of food, cloth- Ing and houses. The society will then be called a community, The decline of the eariy co-operat- ive movement coincided with the growth of militant trade unionism and chartism, which offered more immedi- ate benefits to the downtrodden work- ers, Further, progress was bound to be slow, because the Rochdale system, as a means of attracting workers, had not then been discovered. Profits were usually divided in proportion to the amount of capital held by indiyid- ual members, and in some cases an equal share of the profits was taken; or profits were added to capital to provide for development or fresh en- terprises. There was no guarantee against fraudulent dealing. The di- vision of profits among those who could afford to hold capital naturally did not appeal to those, the great ma- jority of workers, with no savings to invest, (To be continued.) British Co-Operatives Give $50,000 More to Striking Miners In addition to gifts of approximately $100,000 already contributed by the British co-operative movement to the relief fund of the striking coal miners, the national meeting of the local co- operatives composing the British Co- operative Wholesale Society has just voted an additional $50,000 to keep the miners from defeat and their women and children from starvation, The directors of the Co-operative Wholesale Society had recommended a gift of but $25,000 to this worthy ause, in view of the previous as: ance rendered by the co-operative movement, but the co-operative dele- gates present went the directors one better and doubled the gift to $50,000. Imagine the British miners secur- ing such a handsome gift from any of the big merchant princes of Britain who have made théir fortynes out of supplying working people with the same necessities of Ute old ‘by the So-operativest AKO WITH THEY (CONDUCTED = BY TH ing miners of Britain: Comrades, this brings to you love and best thanks from the miners and other workers in, Britain for the great services you have rendered to the cause of labor thruout the world by your magnificent collections and sub- scriptions to help them in their strug- gle with the capitalists. You who are young in Russia are living in a great time, Your nation, after long centu- ries of oppression, has overthrown the autocracy and entrusted you with the glorious task of building a new and nobler civilization. This means lots of jhard, very hard work; it cannot be done in a day. Therefore you must learn and practice discipline; you must at all times understand that the cause of socialism is of more impor- tance than anything else in the world. Your fathérs were taught to worship the czars; today you must worship, not by kneeling to a shrine, but by doing your day’s work efficiently, loy- ally, and with good heart. Work Only Begun. Do you think that because you have got the Soviet government in power, nothing is needed from you. . You are the youth of Russia, and more is need- ed from you than from anyone else— because all the future is in your hands. Therefore, comrades, in sending you this short message from an old Brit- ish worker in the cause of socialism, I ask you to be worthy your great op- portunity. Tens of thousands of Rus- sians livedand fought and died; some in exile in the mines of Siberia, others left their bones on the roadside of that terrible road along which, chained to- gether, marched the beloved comrades whose work and sacrifice made possi- ble the glorious days of March and October,,1917: It is your destiny to keep alive the memory of their heroic deeds not merely in pictures and stat- George Lansbury Addresses Open Letter ; of Thanks to Soviet Union Youth’ (Sepcial to The Daily Worker) LONDON, August; 21.—George Lansbury, old British revoli- tionist and editor of Lansbury’s Weekly, has addressed the fol-’ lowing interesting letter to a Russian journal for young Com-' munists thanking them on behalf of British workers for their, share in raising relief funds in the Soviet Union to help the strik- a uary, but in life itself—that is, by gét-{ ting more and more knowledge, e¢os| nomic, ethical, and social, and using{ your knowledge for the service of each | other, In Britain we talk of the com-) mon good, We mean by that all of us: working together to bring to the use and service of each other all thei things in’ life that all of us need. There is just one other thing. Never forget that our work, the work of so-- cialists, will never be finished till we have abolished ignorance and all poy- erty, both of mind and body, from our midst.. We must never allow an im-» provement in our condition to make us‘ careless about others, however ignor-; ant those others may seem to be., True life is life that is shared. Most of you who read this havé, given up faith in old religions. There. is one thing taught which all social- ists must accept: you who have most knowledge,. you who are gifted, you who are strong in mind and body, must, because of these great gifts, be. greater servants of the people. You‘ must bring your personal gifts, what- ever. form these take, and give them to the service of all your fellow men and women the world over. Our Lenin, Our great Lenin—I call him ours because, tho he was born in Russia, his whole work and life was given to the workers of the world—never stood aloof from the poor and ignorant; when in power he never forgot he was there to serve the people, and if you would respect and revere his memory try to do so by being impersonal and full of the spirit of social service. Good luck to you all! Keep the Red Flag flying! Hurrah for the workers of ‘all countries! Hurrah for the Workers’ International Republic of the World! Y. W. L. School at Winchendon, Mass. By H. PETERS. AKE DENNISON, Wischendon, Mass., was one of the places where the resolution, “To give the young workers an education” was put into Practice. After much work and finan- cial sacrifice by the: membe-s of the Workers’ Party, the school was opened July 16 at the shores of Lake Denni- son, Winchendon, Mass. The students became immediately acquainted with each other and the daily routine, compiled by the in- structors, was put into practic Ta. m., the breakfast bell is rung. From 7:30 to 8:30 breakfast is served. The basic subject the first three weeks, economics, and the last. two, the ac- tivities of the Y. W. L., was from 9 to 10, Then from 10 to 11 the students, divided in three study circles, would read, discuss and prepare their lessons for the following day. Again, at 11, was the basic subject, which was the first three weeks economics and the last two weeks American history. At 12 o'clock was the grand rush for dinner. Then from 1 to 2 we had cur- rent events, in which we ,sometimes had real fiery debates. Lastly, from 2 to 3, was the public speaking hour. This proved to be a very embarrassing hour to many of the students. the first weeks, but gradually. the students be came accustomed to such procedure and the embarrassment changed to interest and liking in many. cases. An interesting part of this program Was the soap box speaking. . This gave the impatient listeners a won- derful opportunity to play k. k. k, by hurling annoying questions at the speaker, and in turn gave the speaker a chance to experience reality, and act accordingly, This ‘ended the program of the day, Do not think, comrade readers, how- ever, that the remaining day amount- ed to naught. Plenty of activities more than filled the day, such as pre- paring for debates, holding student body, student council or other meet- ings, preparing for picnics, and so forth. The last week of the school kept the students very busy In preparing the program for the closing night of the school, and also in editing the school paper, The Red Rebel. Besides the school work and the activities, a few of which I have described, sports were an important factor. Swimming was ideal, A fine football team was or- ganized which won every game but one, Track, jumping, shotput, and countless othér sports were organ- ized. BRITISH MINERS’ DEMANDS Thus the school was an all-round school, preparing. the young workers both mentally and physically for work for the struggle of the proletariat. Qf course we cannot estimate the value of the school until we actually see the results, but the majority of the students left filled with enthu- siasm to carry on profitable work in organizing Young Workers’ Leagues, forming shop ruclei, in joining the unions and so forth. . In conclusion, we wish to express hearty thanks to all those workers who helped make the school a real- ity. Last, but not least, we wish to express great thanks to our, in- structors, comrades Nat Kaplan and Neils Kruth, who worked side by side with us, always ready to aid us. Com- rades, let us try our best to follow their examples! ‘ Young Milliners Are Good Sportsmen (Special to The Daily Worker) BOSTON, Mass.—Two trucks full of young workers, boys and girls, left tor Lake Chauncy, Mass., last Sun- lay, August 15, for an outing. After averybody had a good lunch and rest he Y. W. L, track team got ready for che start of the 100-yard run. The members of the Millinery Workers’ Club and sympathizers were invited to join, and it did not take a minute before they accepted the invitation, for it was a sure thing that good ex- ercise and lots of fun was offered. The Y. W. L. team included Daum, Kay, Winocur, Straus, Resnick, Ozer, Sack and Daye Schwartz. Sympathizers and members of the Millinery Club were Geler, Lenard, Bell and Canter. Since there wasn't an equal num- ber, we made two mixed teams, And what do you think the result was? Of the sympathizers Bell was the vie- tor, and Daum led the team of the Y. W, L. Girls Form Track Team, Members of the Millinery Club, sym- pathizers and the league made up the girls' track team, The speed and | pluck of As Offenbach brought her vic- tory in the finals. After the sports events an interesting discussion was led by Nat Kay on Capitalist Military Training. Why Not Become a Worker Correspondent? , be E are not demanding an increase in wages or better working con- ditions. We are only asking that the mere pittance we are recely- ing should. pea on and that the seven-hour act of parliament be not re- We ask that there be no reduction in wages. That is our fight.” —Paul McKenna, National Executive Board member of the British Min _ ers’ Federation, at the Chi for ald to the agers, Federation of Labor meeting in appeal ——S