The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 18, 1926, Page 6

stoppage ployer, and pledge support. 7 Page Page Six ig THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Phone Monroe 4732 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By maii (In Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.00 three months $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $2.50 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, I!Inols JMeuld ee Pictetahton et se taactehal ; J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE ; MORITZ J. LOEB. Entered as second-class mail September cago, lil, under the act of March 38, 1879. <B> 290 Editors Business Manager Advertising rates on application. American Finance Capital in Europe ROME, Aug. 16.—Andrew W. Mellon, secretary of the United States treasury, during his recent visit to Rome, in his talks with Premier Mussolini and Count Volpi, Italy’s finance minister, “was able to see with his own eyes the solidity of the political situation, the activity and disciplined productivity and the strong co-ordinated and constructive sense” of Italy, and he did not hide his keen satis- faction, This statement was made by Count Volpi, who added that altho the calls of Mr, Mellon upon Signor Mussolini and himself were strictly private, finance was discussed and the problem of italian currency reform came up. HE treasury department of the United more and more of the functions of the state department. denied time and time again that the secretary of the treasury’s Eu- ropean trip had any political significance but the fascist officials of Italy seem to be of a different opinion. Mellon left Italy for France and we can expect news of more “private conversations” with leading members of whatever cabinet happens to be leading a precarious existence while he is there. Writing from London for the August 11 issue of The Nation, Oscar Garrison Villard, reviewing recent developments in Western Europe, says: But above and behind the Industrial and financial groups In both countries (France and England) stands the American money- power which, by force of circumstances, is beginning to dominate the world—within a year it may be writing that Dawes Plan for France which Mr. Snowden, the ex-chancellor of the exchequer, has declared inevitable. | acquit the American money-power of delib- erately planning to achieve a dominating position in Europe. It too Is, f believe, merely reaping its share of the whirlwind... It would be amazing, perhaps, if we should live to see a European cus- toms union against America, but it is not impossible. The liberal Mr. Villard dislikes to impute base motives even to} finance-capitalists but Mellon is in Europe, General Dawes has been there, so has Owen D. Young and over the head of all the western European governments hangs the Damocles sword of American fore- closure proceedings. American imperialism is driving for world-domination, not merely for European domination, just as did Germany and just as does Great Britain. Such a-course presupposes the existence of a planned effort into which such maneuvers as Mellon’s conferences fit. American imperialism must seek alliances in Europe, it must seek to make impossible quch a united front against it as an European customs union would be and it must do this precisely because of its drive for world domination. It must prevent at all costs a common front of the principal debtor nations and this is not difficult of ac- complishment because of the conflicts between them as for instance, the deep differences disclosed between different groups by the recent consummation of the Spanish-Italian treaty, with its obvious threat to Great Britain and in a lesser degree to France. That Secretary of the Treasury Mellon, unofficially and with- out any mandate for the purpose, is engaging in negotiations which alter fundamentally the course of European diplomacy, is obvious. It is proof of the supremacy of finance-capital not only in Europe | but in Amer and it fits well with the nation-wide inspired agita-| tion for mili force—it show the way in which imperialist wars are made. This Is Solidarity Since the British miners withdrew from the pits in their long and painful struggle the attempt of the owners to force a reduction of wages and lengthening of hours on them, not a pound of fuel oil has been sold to the British market by the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics. This fact was learned when the central committee of the Miners’ Union of Soviet Russia was forced to reply to lies circulated by the social-democratic press of Germany, that the Soviet govern-| ment had concluded agreements to sell fuel’oil to the British goy- ernment. Not only have the Russian workers contributed over $2,500,000 to the strikers’ relief fund but no shipments of any nature that would help the British government break the strike have been al- lowed to leave a Soviet port. This policy is entirely opposite to that followed by the reac- tionary trade union leaders of the rest of Europe who sail under the banner of social-democracy. Coal is pouring into British ports from every coal producing country in -the world, This shameful traffic could be stopped inside of twenty-four hours if the leaders of the Amsterdam International, those calumniators of the Soviet Union, agreed to the proposal made by the trade unions of the U. 8. 8. R. for an international conference of trade unions to consider ways and means of assisting the miners win the strike. This offer was) spurned by the social-democyats and the sorry spectacle of interna- tional scabbery continued. The most glorious chapter in the history of the British miners’ struggle, not even excluding the sacrifices of the embattled coal diggers, will be that devoted to the unexaimpled solidarity shown by the workers of Soviet Russia, who at great sacrifice to themselves, rendered every assistance to their comrades in Britain in the in- terests of the world labor movement. Coal Treamsters Aid |To Resume Hearings Boston Milk Drivers in Hall-Mills Murder BOSTON, Aug. 16.—(FP)—Coal|] SOMERVILLE, N. J,, Aug. 16.—The teamsters’ union, Local No, 68, do-| prosecution has decided to call 97 wit- nated $500 to the striking milk wag- on drivers of Local 380 who are seek- ing union recognition from Alden Bros. Co, Officials of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, with which both | pr arg affiiated, call the work a lockout by the em- ing for Henry de la Bruvere Carpenc¢r and Willie Stevens, cousin and brother of Mrs, Francés Stevéns Hall, who to- gether with Mrs. Hall are charged with the muxdor of the Rev, Mdwad W. Hali,and Mrs, Eleanor Rk. Milis four years ago. The hearing is” expected to last at least a week, © “| | SEND IN A SUB, 21, 1923, at the post-office at ont | States government, it is} evident from the above Associated Press dispatch, is assuming | It has been training, a bigger: and better army, navy and air | nesses at the resumption of the hear-) The Fight on quer” atlY WORKER Ad : i'm ’ SALE SE dt, Hig) Filipino Freedom—The«Vanished ‘Little Brown Brdther’”’ Period —“‘Divide and Con- —Philippine Rubber Possibilities—The Philippines as a Strategic Base for Amer- ican Imperialism in the Pacific Area-—Natural Resources Other Than Rubber—Mobilizing “Public Sentiment’’—Some Defects of the Independence Movement. By WILLIAM F, DUNNE, ARTICLE I, “Sane, Humane and Forward-Looking” ic HE raising and harvesting of raw rubber has been accompanied by | | the most horrible atrocities in the his- | tory of mankind, atrocities made pos- sible by the establishment of military | dictatorships in the rubber-growing districts. Robert L, Bacon seems to have studied closely the bloody rec- ords of the Belgian, Dutch and French governments in the field of rubber pro- | duction, Sections 201, 202 and 301 | provide for a military dictatorship over the new province and its people. | QECTION 201 says: The president, with the advice and consent of the senate of the United States, shall appoint a gov- ernor, a secretary, an attorney, a treasurer, a director of education, and an engineer, who shall... = to- gether with auditor of the ilip- pine govérnment, constitute the ex- ecutive department of the province. te ig definite enough but Section 202 still further strengthens the dictatorship: The supreme executive power shall be vested in the governor.......... He shall have general supervision and control of ali departments.......... and shall be commander-in-chief of all the locally created armed forces and militia.......... whenever it be- comes necessary he may call upon the commander of the military and naval forces of the United States, summon the posse comitatus, or call out the militia to prevent or sup- press lawless violence, invasion, in- surrection, or rebellion, and he may in case of rebellion or invasion, or imminent danger thereof, when the public safety requires it, suspend the privileges of the writ of habeas cor- pus, or place the province, or any part of it, under martial law... IRUSTING persons with faith in “the democratic professions of our cap- italist statesmen may argue that the above provisions are for extraordinary emergencies only but’ the author of the bill has no such illusions. In his remarks prefacing thé’ introduction of his bill, Representativé Bacon said: Sesthensae the Moros are not. yet. re- motely prepared to intelligently par- ticipate in a self-governing democ- racy. The bill clothes the. executive arm of the proposed government is clothed with full authority, backed, by the armed forces, to do just about any- thing it wishes to, UT legislative bodies have been known to check.the full exercise even of dictatorial powers (Governor- General Leonard Wood had his trou- even the closely restricted Haitian assembly had to be dissolved to give the American dictatorship and its pup- pet. president a free hand) so the Bacon bill gives the legislative powers to the executive—a simple solution for a very complicated problem and one that is possible only when there is complete disregard for the rights of the human beings who are to be ex- ploited and ruled—a typical character- istic of modern colonial rulers. ECTION 301 provides: The governor, the secretary, the treasurer, the director of education, the engineer, and the attorney shall constitute the legislative council of the province. The president By I. AMTER. CLEVELAND, Ohio, Aug. 16.—Sev- eral weeks ago, the Ohio coal oper- ators met at Columbus, Ohio, and passed a resolution declaring that the situation in, the coal mining industry is deplorable, and that something must be.done to resume mining op- erations in Ohio. The coal companies —about 75 in number—organized the Ohio Coal Operators’ Association and decidéd that the first step in the question of reopening the mines of Ohio, many of which have been idle for months ‘and even years, was a “modification of the wage scale,” Old Open Shop Excuse. They pointed out that the compe- tition of the non-union fields of West Virginia and Kentucky was robbing the state of, Ohio of about $150,000,000 ; annually, and that if this condition continued, the entire coal industry of | Ohio would. be ruined. What was to | be done? The mines of Ohio are unionized— | that is to say they used to be. Many of the mines have closed down, many are working one, two and three days a week. Miners unable to stand the small Wages, have left the state and are now working in the non-union tries, Operators for Scab Scale. In spite of the fact that there is an overproduction of coal in this coun- try and that the lower wages in the non-union fields coupled with the freight rate that West Virginia, Ten- nessee and Kentucky enjoy, makes it | possible for the coal operators in those states practically to monopolize the market—together with the Penn- sylvania bituminous coal operators— the Ohio coal operators recognized that the situation in Ohio was not hopeless for them provided — they could compel the miners to accept the conditions of the 1917 scale, In Ohio a unton miner gets $7.50; in West Virginia he gets $5 or $4 or even $3. This is a glorious situation for the West Virginia coal operator, and the Ohio coal operators envy him. There was only one thing to be done, and that was to follow up the starv- ing-out of the Ohio miner with the | bait of opening the mines provided the United Mine Workers would con- sent to a reduction of the wage scale, | Several times, according to the state- | ment of the coal operators, they have tried to get conferences with the rep- resentatives of the U. M. W, A,, but they were rejected, But they were not to be daunted. The Columbus Conspiracy. On August 2, in the city of Colum- bus, they once more assembled and declared that they would resume op- erations in Ohio. They stated that if Ohio is removed from the central competitive fields, with which there is an agreement with the U, M. W. A., the states of Ohio, West Virginia, Ten- nessee and Kentucky will be able to control the entire market and supply enough coal for all America’s needs. What does this mean? It means that the Ohio coal operat- ors are now bent upon destroying the U. M. W. A. orgaiization in Ohio and putting Ohio mines on a non-union basis! Blundly’° and hypoeritically they state that. t] ley are not inst the union and west, that the men may ha and be) y have.a union | gin work, 4, fields or have gone into other indus-|* Want a Company Wnion. But what kind of a union is sug- gested? A company union, which will deal directly with the coal com- panies, A fake union that will isolate the miners from the recognized or- ganization, will keep them from fight- ing for better conditions, since they will not have the support of the other | organized workers, and will be com- pelled to accept any demoralizing con- ditions owing to the starvations meth- ods that the coal operators have em- ployed in this state for more than two years, i Open Shop Propaganda. The coal operators have sent a let- ter to Lee Hall, president of the Ohio District of the U. M; W..A,, notifying him that they want a conference with the mine officials on August 24 “to consider a scale of wages on which the idle mines of Ohio may be re- opened.” There are illuminating statements in the Cincinnati Enquirer of August 2, which contains an‘article by Will- iam P, Helm, Jr. Thus, “The biggest piece of American industrial news since the war is now being written in the coal fields of Ohio, | Ohio has finally thrown down the gauntlet to the United Mine Workers of America. They (the operators) are pre- paring to take down the boards from their idle mines and dig coal, union or no union. , . . With Ohio gone there is no longer any central bar- gaining power to make national terms for union operators with the mine workers’ union. . Until three weeks ago, the outlook for a strike (next April—I. A.) was so strong that an. other periodic cessation of work wa: regarded in the trade as almost cer- tain at the beginning of tle néxt coal year, That outlook has changed almost in a twinkling. The outlook now is for no strike, lower producing costs and an abundance of coal (Heavy type mine—J. A.) The oper- ators state that there are three courses open. Among them is to ig- nore the Jacksonville agreement and open up the mines,,.Tthe other is that “a union might, be formed. This has been considered as a way out.” “Ohio holds the halance of power between union and non-union fields. To the union it probably will mean the difference between winning and losing. Without Ohio, as the trade sees it, the union could not hope to win a strike,’ ir What Must the Rank and File Do? Facing the organized power of the Ohio coal operators, what must the Ohio miners do?! 1, They must instruct their repre- sentatives, Lee Hall} the district and international officers, to the Ohio coal operators association to GO TO HELL. The miners want no repre- sentatives to confer with the coal op- erators, The operators are loudest in shrieking about the “sanctity of contracts, abrogate the Jacksonville agreement, perfect impunity. cision a few months ago, of the judg in Morgantown, West Virginia, Miners Must Fight. 2, The coal miners of the si operators have open the min bles with the Filipino legislature and | but when they please to as they have done in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, they do so with Witness the de- may, also, in his discretion, appoint not to exceed three additional members of such council.......... who may be citizens of the Philippine, shall hold. office at the pleasure of the president.. . in case of a tie vote the proposition which receives the vote of the governor shall pre- vail.,.. HE natives of the new province, it is clear, will have no voice what- soever in either the framing. or the administration of the laws under which they will live, Having established the principle that,;in the words of Representative Bacon: The administration of their affairs should be restored to a SANE, HU- MANE, AND FORWARD-LOOKING AMERICAN ADMINISTRATION— (Emphasis Mine), and the proper machinery, as described above, set up to carry out this high purpose, the next step is to place the control of the natural resources of the prov- ince in the hands of the government where it will be safe from Moros and Filipinos alike. HIS the Bacon bill does in Section 501, Clause c: All the property and rights with- in the province acquired by the United States under cession from Spain.......... are hereby expressly de- clared to be and are hereby reserved as the property of the United States, and are placed under the control of the government of the province to be administered and disposed of by HAT are the natural resources which, with a few strokes of the pen, and by the power of a dictator- ship organized expressly for the pur- pose, are to be handed over to the care of individuals responsible only to the government of the American imperial- ists? Hemp and sugar are the principai products thot of in connection with the Philippines. The sugar trust is considered to be the capitalist group most interested in the islands. But Representative Bacon, speaking for his bill, gives the following valuable in- formation: HE finest coal bodies in the Phil- ippine Islands are in Mindanao. One of the greatest undeveloped bodies of iron ore in the world is situated in the island of Mindanao, Competent engineers have estimated that there are in sight over 500,000,- 000 tons of high grade iron ore......... With the Moro province once opened for the development of iron ore and for the growing of copra, sugar, rub- ber, hem vow and the investment of capit: under careful govern- mental regulations, encouraged rather than discouraged, as at pres- ent, there is no question but that in a very short time the revenues of the Moro. provincee.......... would far exceed per capita of population, that of the entire remaining portion of the Philippine Archipelago. OAL, iron and rubber, 4 huge sup- ply of cheap laborpower guaran- teed by the military government pro- vided by the Bacon bill—the Moro province is certainly a juicy morsel for American imperialism. But no great publicity is given by the sponsors of the Bacon bill to such material reasons for the division of the Philippine Islands. A holy pur- pose actuates those who. seck this legislation and the emphasis, following the best traditions of Anglo-Saxon altruism, is on the. duty to do good to a suffering people. (To be continued). Today the union in Ohio is weak. Many locals have been wiped: out, others have been terribly weakened by the departure of members, Prep- arations for war mean self-organiza- tion, organization of the unorganized and other defensive and offensive measures. If the union does not pre- pare the membership, if it does snot begin a vast campaign to line wp: the unorganized, if it does not immediate- ly mobilize organized labor thruout the country to stand by the miners in the coming fight, the fight will be harder than it need be. Fighters Must Lead Fight.: 3. John Brophy has stated in a Fed- erated Press announcement. of :his candidacy for president, that the’ fight of the miners cannot be conducted.on a local or district scale, but must be an organized international fight of all miners on this continent against the operators. This is absolutely:sclear. Who is to conduct this work. John Lewis and the rest of the reactionary officials, who have allowed the) union to sink into insignificance; the -unor- ganized fields of West Virginia, Ten- nessee and Kentucky to remain: un- organized; the western Pennsylvania fields to be practically destroyed? The present administration cannoi be trusted to lead the fight. For are not the words of Helm significant? “The outlook (for a strike, I. A.) has changed almost in a twinkling. The outlook now is for no strike, lower producing costs and an abundance of coal.” How do Helm and the coal operators know there is no possibility of a strike? Do they trust to the hunger of the miners, who will be im- pelled to accept any condition in or- der to get work? Or have they in- formation about the position of the leadership of the U, M. W. A.? This would not be hard to obtain, for the facts of the present situation, with John Lewis and the reactionary regime responsible, are an open book to everybody. For a Progressive Adminstration. The first condition for carrying on the fight is the cleaning out of the old administration and the putting in of left wingers and progressives—men with courage and vision whd know what the union should be, the nature of the fight—a fight for the life of the union not only in Ohio, but thruout the country, Organize the Unorganized. 5. The organization of the unorg: ized must be pushed with all energy. The fight must be made a national fight, including every miner in the country. The shameful agreement made by Lewis for the anthracite must be thrown on the dumpheap as the coal operators have scotched the Jacksonville agreement in the bitu- minous fields. Tit for tat! If all the miners do not line up, there is likeli- hood of any fight being beaten, for the use of substitutes in the anthra- cite strike indicated that the country can get along without any particular fu 6, Preparation of a war chest is another primary condition, The strike of 500,000 or more coal miners will require a huge reserve. The anthra- of \cite miners have been. at work for Ohio must prepere for war. The coal | several months, but jemipred that they will|debt during their ‘sinfon or no union.” |minous miners niivg be taken up, for} work for a long time life of the union.| tions, and they have hey went into pita: dete bitu- without half ra- to fall Coal Miners Face Open Shop War back ‘on. The coming convention of the American Federation of Labor must lay the foundation for the strike that needs must come. Fight Class Collaboration. 7. The coal miners must face the issue squarely. The Parker-Watson bill which became a law practically nullifying the possibility of a strike on the railroads, is to be the basis of a law to prevent strikes in the min- ing industry. The miners must real- ize that this bill will be presented at the next session of congress and will be made a law. They must be willing to defy a law of that kind, which in reality is unconstitutional if the con- stitution of the United States has any meaning at all, but whick unquestion- ably will be declared valid and con- Stitutional by the present supreme court of the United States. Fight Can Save the Union. They must be prepared to defy and fight it; but only under courageous leadership. This will mean a repeti- tion of 1922—but on a broader, vaster scale. The miners will be fighting for the life of the union. It will be the answer of the United Mine Work- ers, not merely to the Ohio operators, but to the coal interests of the coun- try, and to the government. Lee Hall must be instructed to an- swer the Ohio coal operators’ associa- tion that on August 24, there will be NO représentative of the United Mine Workers present at the proposed con- ference; that the alternative of “un- ion or no union” will be answered by the U, M. W. A, with fight. Even this challenge is not enough. Many of the members of the U. M. W. A. in Ohio district are willing to ac- cept an offer of work, provided it appears to be continuous. It is per- fectly clear that this offer is not made in sincerity, for there is no market for all the coal mined in this country and the chaos that exists in Great. Britain prevails in the United States and will continue if there is not some regulation. _ . Nationalization With Workers’ Control Government. control, the coal op- erators will notaccept without en- forced nationalization; government contro] the miners cannot accept for that will mean militarization of the miners. " Nationalization with work- ers’ control is’ the only alternative guaranteeing to the public and the men a square méal. The membership of Ohio must be: educated to an un- derstanding of the- situation—or as the Cleveland papers of August 13 state, “it is designed to give the union opportunity to reject the offer before the companies post a’new scale at their mines offering the men work if they will accept a wage cut,” In other words, the coal operators expect the unions to reject the offer and then to get the men to work against union instructions, thus break- ing up the union thru the men them- selves, The United Mine Workers in Ohio are in grave danger: only watchful- ness, organization and action o: ve it! August 24 will be the opening day of the battle. Five dollars will renew your sub for a year, if you send it in before August 15. ieee. I atisn yam earn the. wert Movies By V. F. CALVERTON, 4 bis moving picture of today is pro- gressive in technique but static im substance. Its skill with the devices of portrayal has far exceeded in beauty and finish the materials which it has created and selected to portray, The development of the new movie, in- spired by De Forrest, in which acting and talking become automatically synchronous, and the characters are detached from the pathetic obvious- ness of the curtain, has marked the achievement of a three-dimensjonal cinema, The mechanisms for accelera- tion and retardation of motion and a score of similar contrivances—all have given the moving picture a type of technical perfection that is such a sweeping contrast to the crudity of substance that it is driven to project. Ts American moving, picture is a piddling, sentimental flash of scenes and situations that sicken by their sugariness and startle by their melo- drama. With the exception of such German pieces as “Variety” and “Pas- sion,” the American movie audienca has been fed upon cheap thrills and bankrupt, conceptions. The movie has been used to exploit a national vice and a class philosophy. Patriotism has been stressed, Dollar diplomacy has been defended. Militarism has been ex- tolled and war glorified! “The Big Parade” js but a single exception. In- dividualism has been exalted, and Communism. denounced. In other words, the moving picture has been used as a medium for the expression of the class conceptions of the bour- gevisie. di Bade is no attack upon the moving picture as a new art. It is an at- tack upon the moving picture ag it has been used as an instrument for class propaganda and persuasion. The Possibilities of the cinema are still enormous. Its potentialities as a new and more intense because more direct. and inclusive art still remain signifi- cant. It’s possible educative value is very great and promising. Its almost illimitable capacity as a form of com- munication, beautified by trappings more attractive than speech, suggests its importance to the radical in his The DAILY |. Mah BT Gee struggle for control, As an inspira- tion to action its power is immense. The way Soviet Russia has used the film, for example, jis illustrative of what has already been done with it as an educative weapon, EGINNING with the wild west mania and racing thru the “brother against brother” motif of the Civil War, the movie only lately, and that chiefly in the German films, has en- deavored to approach a genuine real- ism of situation. The putrid exaggera- tion of the “Birth of a Nation” has been the prevailing tendency. One of the marked semtimentalities of the movie has been its bourgeois affection for. the happy ending. Why do we call this bourgeois? Because the ten- dency developed with the bourgeoisie who wished to escape reality in its enameled art. While 30,000 children, under nine, were being exploited by English capitalists, English reviewers attacked Oliver Twist because it dealt “with the outcasts of humanity” and destroyed “that innocence of ignor- ance” which made for bourgeois vir- tue, Altho the novel and the drama of today have comparatively escaped from this fettering influence —of course the popular novel still panders to this artistic depravity—the moving picture perpetuates it. HEN “The Last Laugh” finally went round the country, its end- ing was changed so as not to leave an unhappy feeling in the hearts of its audiences. Hardy's novel, “Tess of the D'Urbervilles,” was changed in the same way when it was pictured. Sin- clair Lewis’ “Main Street” suffered the same fate. Even “The Big Parade,” to suit the bourgeois fear of reality, was made to end happily. Andreyev’s “He Who Gets Slapped” also was doe- tored for the movie patients. The or- dinary run of movies, of course, un- varyingly follows this prescription. ‘ERE “Anna Karenina” to be movie- ized the suicidal Anna would cer- tainly be saved from the wheels of the train by a courageous Vronsky who would kill her husband in a duel and carry Anna off to the priest in prepa- ration for the final fade-away kiss as the ship carried them to a happier clime. As long as the moving picture con- tinues this sentimenta] romanticism of, ending its value as a form of realistic art will be less than little. Ag‘long ag it devotes itself to the other bour- geois virtues it will continue to be a reactionary art. | WCEL Radio Program Chicago Federation of Labor radio broadcasting station WCFL is on the air with regular programs. It is broadcasting on a 491.5 wave length from the Municipal Pier. TONIGHT. 6:00 to 7:00—Chicano Federation of Las bor talks and bulletins, 7:00 to 7:30—The Florentine String Trio, dinner mi Reaction in the | a es eR RON