The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 26, 1926, Page 6

ey ERS 1 Pi Page Six UI Sane nt wv THE DAILY WORKER THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1118 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il, Phone Monroe 4713 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mall (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, IIlinols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL \ " WILLIAM F, DUNNE preiuiwiaks MORITZ J. LOEB. Business Manager i Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Cht | cago, Ill, under the act of March 3, 1879. = 290 Advertising rates on application. Labor in the 1926 Elections The labor movement of the United States stands out in the general labor movement in the capitalistically developed countries as the | one which has not developed a mass political party standing for the interests of labor. There are, of course, historical reasons why this has been true. The fact that the United States was a new country with class rela- tions not fixed, the illusions of democracy and the rule of the people which have been consciously fostered by the ruling class, the large proportion of foreign-born among the workers, al] have been factors in preventing the development of such a party in the past. A movement for the creation of a mass party representing labor began with the end of the war and developed with increasing mo- mentum up to the 1924 elections. This movement sprung out of the new developments of the class struggle in the United States. The government appeared before the workers openly as the repre- sentative of the capitalist employers during this period. The class relationships were sharpened. The working class became more homogeneous as a result of the temporary cessation and later limita- tion of immigration. The movement for a labor party was side-tracked by LaFol- lette’s effort to create a third capitalist party. Many workers saw in the LaFollette movement the coming labor party. This illusion is dead. It died with the collapse of the progressive third party. The road is now clear for a revival of the labor party movement. The objection conditions for this revival exist in the continued open use of the governmental power against the workers. Probably no previous administration has put into effect a legislative pro- gram against labor as the Coolidge administration. The govern- mental power has been continually used, openly and flagrantly, for the capitalist and against the workers. | The Workers (Communist) Party considers the crystallization | of a mass party of workers in the form of a labor party the next | big step forward which the labor movement of this country must take. As a step in that direction it has initiated a campaign to} place labor tickets in the field in the 1926 state and congressional | elections. It proposes that workers, in alliance with the exploited | farmers, support the existing farmer-labor and labor parties and| build up conferences of delegates from trade unions, labor political | organizations and other labor organizations to name united front | labor tickets in those places where no party has thus far been or-| ganized. This campaign has within it the possibilities of mobilizing a real mass movement of workers and farmers against the two old parties in the elections this year. A half million votes cast for labor can- didates on the basis of independent political action would show that there is the basis for a labor party. If united front labor tickets can be placed in the field in the great eastern industrial states, the support rallied behind these and that which the existing farmer-labor parties will receive should reach that mark. The campaign of the Workers (Communist) Party for united} front labor tickets must be pushed energetically. The party has taken the initiative for a movement forward for labor in the United States. The whole party must help to make this movement a success. j Get a member for the Workers Party and a new subscription for Tur Dairy Worker. More Passaic Frightfulness The cossack police thugs, the county officials, the judges and other eminences of the domain of the mill barons, known as Passaic and vicinity, constantly strive to devise new and more ruthless schemes to crush the strike of textile workers. The latest of the series of violations of every so-called consti- tutional right is the action of one Judge Davidson who sentences active strike leaders to terms of imprisonment for “observation” as to their sanity. Excessive bail, originally imposed in the hope of keeping active strikers in jail, is now easily and readily furnished, so the authorities have had to resort to charges of the most absurd character in order to keep workers in prison. William Sroka, arrested recently on a charge of assaulting one of the stoolpigeons of one of the mills, was sentenced to thirty days and “held for observation,” during that time so that he may not be * released ‘on bail. With such flagrant disregard of every law on the part of the kept judges of the mill owners it is about time the manufactures commitiee in the United States senate, in whose hands there now resis a resolution to investigate Passaic, gets busy. RIBE TO THE DAILY WORKER! SUI Briand Beats Augustus Caesar The Associated Press has some fame as a purveyor of distorted news to the capitalist press, but it is now going into the field of wit aud humor with a dispatch from Fez, Morocco, . Regarding the latest combined French and Spanish drive on the forces of Abd-el-Krim, whose successive newspaper defeats would seem to leave no room in the African continent on whieh to continue fighting, the dispateh states: “It has breught a gain to the Franco-Spanish troops of about 400 equare miles, making the Riffian'’s domain smaller than it has been since the Romans attempted to subdue them in 40 A, 0.” it From the rapid progress being made it appears that by another 2.000 years the Riffians will begin to realize that things are not going oe in their contest with imperialism, ancient and modern. wee &* jof the | a “ase The Plans of the Imperialists in China By G, VOJTINSKY, The events in China have been rep- resented by the capitalist and social- democratic press in the last few weeks as the beginning of the annihilation revolutionary movement in China, The defeat of the 2nd and 8rd People’s Armies and the retreat of the {ist People’s Army from Tientsin and | Peking served as the basis for this campaign. The wish is father to the thought. The workers in the capitalist coun | tries, who undoutedly have taken the keenest interest in the situation in China during the last few years, ought however to have a clear conception of | the true state of affairs at the present moment, What has actually’ happened in China during the last few weeks? Un- |der the pressure of General Chang | Tso Lin, who had linked his fate with Japanese’ imperialism and who was | attacking from the North, and of Gen- eral Wu Pei Fu, who had been sup- ported up to 1924 by the British and American imperialists (in which year he had been completely defeated by Chang Tso Lin) and who was attack- ing from the South West, the Ist People’s Army withdrew at first to Peking and from there in a north westerly direction, without engaging in a serious fight. The 2nd and 8rd People’s Armies— small in numbers jand badly equipped with arms—also retreated almost without any serious encounter with the enemy into the interior of the empire, In doing so, its best divisions fused with the Ist People’s Army, thus increasing its strength by no less than 20 per cent. The central government in Peking, at whose head was the reactionary Tuan Tsi Shui, the well-known mem- ber of the pro-Japanese Anfu Club, began, after the People’s Armies had retreated, more and more openly to take the side of Chang Tso Lin and Japano-British imperialism. This gov- ernment, which yields to the wishes of the imperialists and is hoping for a loan as the result of the tariff confer- ence which is now taking place, on March 18th caused to be shot down a delegation of social organizations which was proceeding to Tuan’s castle with a protest against the ultimatum of the diplomatic corps, The “central government,” whose power actually only extends to Peking and even there | under very limited conditions, wanted in this way, on the one hand to dem- onstrate its power to the imperialists, and on the other hand to discredit the 1st People’s Army in the eyes of the masses of the people. For~Tuan Tsi Shui knew that, as things were at that time, the garrison ‘of the People’s Army in Feking could not work for the overthrow of the Peking government. At the same time, the British im- perialists, as is now known, were vain- ly attempting to provoke an insurrec- tion in Canton and at the same time trumpeting forth to the whole world that the Canton government had al- ready fallen, that the right wing of the Kuomintang party had seized power and formed a government which had agreed to a compromise with the Brit- tish and was arresting the partisans of the left Kuomintang as well as the Communists. All this proved to be an invention of the imperialists, aris- ing out of their passionate desire that things should actually happen in this way. Taken as a whole, however, all this created the impréssion of a defeat of the revolutionary movement in China and of the commencement. of an alarming era of counter-revolution. The socialdemoorati¢ leaders and their press hastened to identify them- Selves with this est e of the situa- tion in China. In th eo Arbeiter- Zeitung, the events, » China are al- ready described amy Me arrival. of “China’s 1849,” Ay In reality however; things are very different. In the first:place, the Peo- ple’s Army must not 3, identified with the revolutionary movement in China in such a way that th@ir military vic- tories or their temporary defeats, ap- pear to be a decisive factor in the fur- ther developmént of! _ Paige fight of the masses ose in China at the present time. On'the other hand, the movement for freedom in China is already in such an advanced stage of development that the transference 4 of territories from the hands of the People’s Armies into the hands of counter-revolutionary generals, cannot throw the movement back to its start- ing point, but that on the contrary the occupied territories continue to be a highly dangerous hinterland for the advancing counter-revolutionary gen- erals, An excellent example in this respect is given by the latest.communications, that a serious peasant, movement has already started in Wu Pei Fu’s rear, and has in some places developed into revolts. More and.more troops of armed peasants (“Red Lancers”) are beginning to organize themselves in those districts; another similar ex- ample is the movement directed against Mukden, 4. e. against Chang Tso Lin, in the ad of Shantung, which has led to insurrection in Tsindao, On the other hand, a process of enormous importance-is no® going on in South China; thé’Oanton govern- ment, which was hd. -acitaiadl ‘by the What For the Mor Moroccan War? By J. A. (Madrid). A perialist policies of the French and Spanish governments’ and mining interests knew that both were only pretending in their peace negotiations with the Riffians. From the first mo- ment of his power Primo de Rivera has been against any negotiations. He consented to the recent fake nego- tiations only under pressure from Briand, who also was not sincere, but who needed to justify continuation of the war ir the face of constant oppo- sition by French Communists in and out of parliament. The Madrid papers, “La Nacion” and “El Debate,” which express the will of Primo de Rivera, have always opposed negotiations with the Riff, not even hiding that his desire is to continue the war. OROCCO is a nucleus of all min- ing interests. Since 1909 the mining companies have controlled Spanish policy in the Riff. The “Com- pania de Minas del Riff,” in whose executive board are the most powerful Spanish capitalists is responsible for the death of thousands of Spanish workers and peasants ‘since 1909. The Riff is rich in all kinds of min- erals, especially iron. The region of Alhucemas, recently occupied by the Spanish, is the richest of all in iron, The firms who had developed mines in that part of the Riff had a special ipterest in driving the Spanish troops into battle to recapture that area so the mines could be reopened. These mining capitalists are opposed to ne- gotiations with the Rifflans. B JT the mining companies wish to disguise. their real purposes. Their press is continuously saying that the Riff is without economic value, But the bulletin of the arbitral commission of mines in Paris tells of several requests for permission to de velop Riffian mines by French, Ger- man, English, Spanish and Dutch cap- italists, who have agents in Morocco to carry out this work, Robert W. Dunn, in his book, “American Foreign — Investments,” points out that Spain is one of the few countries in which Wall Street has no economic supervision. But it is also true that Wall Street is work- ing toward making Spain, also a colony. Some months ago the Spanish gov- ernment granted the National City Bank and the International Telephone and Telegraph corporation the monop- oly of all telephones in Spain, The Ameriean firm did not offer as much return. to the government as did the Swedish and Belgian firms, but the International corporation managad ONE who has followed the im-} Rivera. to corrupt sources, close to Primo de be ea negotiations of, American busi- ness and mining,,men with the Mannesmann concerning Riffian mines and the recent trip at Kahn of Wall Street to Morocco .and the recent visit of the American ambassador to France are facts which show the in- tervention of American capitalists in the mines of the Riff. The correspond- ent of the Chicago Tribune could, if he wished, give some interesting in- Abd-El-Krim Leader of the Riff Afimy of Liberation, oe 8 8 formation. Hs In 1909 some native workers for the “Compania de Minas del Riff” were ‘injured by an accident in the mines, They asked tor compensation but got only bullets from the troops at the command of Urquijo, Romanones and other Spanish capitalists. The assault of Spanish troops in 1921, that caused the death of 12,000 soldiers was planned by the army staff in agreement with a man named Got, the agent of the “Compania de Minas del Riff." To secure the Riff for Spanish capitalists the government spends 37 per cent of the state budget for military expenses. / You do the jo¥‘twice as well— when you distrijttte a bundle of The DAILY WOK DBR with your story in yore ea leaders of the 1st People’s Army re an armistice and a bloc. The People’s Army, however, was not taken in by Wu Pet Fu and it succeeded, without fulfilling the hopes of the generals of Chili, in escaping from the dangerous situation, The withdrawal of the People’s Armies behind the well-known tunnels of Nankou, which represent an im- portant strategical point of defense and are only a few hours’ journey from Paking, is far from representing the destruction of the People’s Armies, which are learning from thé’ lessons of the past and are preparing for further fights. At the present moment the British and Japanese imperialists are work- ing at their plans for the formation of a lasting military bloc between the most important reactionary forces in China, between Chang Tso Lin and Wu Pei Fu. Their plan’is to form a_government to be based on a mili- tary dictatorship which’ would fulfil the wishes of British and Japanese im- perilaists, Their chief aim is to stifle the freedom movement in the country and to tear asunder the connection between the Soviet Union and revo- lutionary China, with the help of Chinese militarism. As early as in 1923 when Wu Pei Fu was in power in Middle China, the British and. American imperialists tried to establish a military dictator- ship in China, to centralize it ffom above and to stamp out the labor movement and the movement for lib- eration in the country, which at that time were comparatively weak. Wu Pei Fu roused public opinion in the whole country against himself, and this contributed in no small measure to his defeat in the autumn of 1924. The national revolutionary move- ment in the country is now much stronger than it was in 1923. The Kuomintang party has developed from a party which acutally only repres- ented South China into a national party. The working class of China has made an enormous advance fm the last three years. The famous strikes in Shanghai, Hong Kong, Canton, Tient- sin and in other towns, in the Summer of 1925, have shown that a socially self-determining and politically organ- ized working-class is in the course of formation, and is appearing in the arena of the political fight in the coun- try. Furthermore, the working masses showed last year that they are the most advaneed section in the revolu- tionary fight against the foreign yoke. question of attacking the People’s At the same time the peasant move- Armies, which had evidently been con-| ment-is beginning to join in the gener- cluded as early as in January 1926,)al revolutionary movement in the entered into negotiations with the}country. In the districts of South Women Work Under Most Unbearable ‘ Conditions in the Passaic Mills By KATHERINE H. AMEND. (Special to The Daily Worker) PASSAIC, N. J., May 24.—“I've travelled a lot—New York and Hartford and Rhode Island and even Philadelphia—but I tell you, honest to god, I never saw no place where ladies have got’ to work like they do here. Lots of places ladies work sometimes—maybe they have just one or two kids and they can leave 'em with their mother or his mother so they can work and get ahead a bit—but here in Passaic they have goyto work. My sister here worked when she was expecting with her eighth and:was that big she couldn't hardly reach around herself. That’s¢—————________________ hard, too, when you're that way,) «4p, " o stretching and reaching and standing A ogre eet ee Se prorated on your feet ten hours without even} oyt, Somebody's got to work and her stopping to eat your sandwiches, She father is dead two years and there had a real good foreman at the last} are two other-little kids. Her father and he used to pretend not to see if} was in the dye works and standing she stayed a few minutes in the toilet] in the hot steam and the wet floors to rest. God knows she had to be/anq going ‘home afterwards in the pretty tired to stay long in the toilets cold seemed to go on his lungs. His at the Botany. Smells and water on| street clothes had to hang in the the floor and dirt! But the other fore- steam, too, you know, and he wasn’t man—why, he'd yell at her not tolever dry. Angela here works clean- stop when she was tryin’ to eat. ing needles, That ain’t so damp but Work Day and Night. she has to stoop all day and it makes “And she did her housework too,| her back ache.so she can’t hardly un- mind you. Come home and get him| bend when its night.” up and something to eat and the kids} Angela herself volunteered, “It isn’t clean for school and feed the little} the work that's so hard—it’s the lean- ones and make the beds and get the|ing and the dust, But the very worst dinner. Then maybe she’d lay down/is the bugs—big black wood-bugs. I a bit in her clothes with the babies} hate them, and the roaches, They on the bed back of her till the big|smell so and*they go :so- fast and girl got home from school. Olga was| sometimes they crawl up your skirts.” eleven and could do pretty good, cook! ‘These stories are not exceptions, as the supper, you know; so my sister) |, Thomas-lke; had’ believed* when 1 could sleep till she had to go back to! heard them from others. They are a the mill at seven. It ain't right but/ part of an ovéerwhelining serfdom I ask you what could she do? Her|forced on helpless people within’ 15 husband, countin’ slack time, couldn’'t| miles ofsthe prodigal luxury” of Fifth get more than $27 a week and you}ayenue, know with shoes and rent and all, you Just can’t get along with that. That's what I say—here ladies’ have got to work, I ain't a striker myself—my husband, he’s a cook, but I go on the picket line every d. His people are all in it and it ain't right, so it ain't. “Some think it would be good to go back if they wouldn't take off the ten per cent but my sister says the bosses would just take it next month and they would be.starving for noth- ing now. No ma’am, when ladies have got to work like they do here, nothing can’t be worse, even starving.” “Excuse me a minute, Angela, what did you come out here for today? You ain’t going to help the strike by get- ting pneumonia,” Angela, little and black-eyed, pro- tested “I don't want to miss the parade.” For conversation I safd, “Won't the truent officer get you if you stay out of school?” The argumentative picketer aid the small girls exchanged grins at_a jatranger’s ignorance, | ‘ L. Karakhan Ambassador to China, who conducted the treaty negotiations resulting in close ties between Soviet Russia and the Chinese Republic. imperialist press, is mow actually stronger than ever and is being joined by the neighboring provinces of Kwan- gsi and Hunan. The question of the formation of a South Western federal state with Canton as its center is ob- viously under discussion. The forma- tion of such a federal state under the leadership of the revolutionary democ- ratic Canton government is being ac- celerated by recent events in North China. What has actually happened since the telegraphic agencies of the im- perialists spread the news of the com- plete defeat of the People’s Armies? Even after that, the 1st People’s Army remained for more than a month in Peking. More than that in spite of the advantage of Chang Tso Lin from the North and of Wu Pei Fu from the South, the People’s Armies disarmed the troops of Tuan Tsi Shai, the head of the state, and he himself only nar- rowly escaped arrest, Wu Pei Fu on his part, in spite of his temporary understanding with Chang Tso Lin with regard to the An Ktallan , Mother. For example, there was’ an Italian woman, Pressure must be truly ter- rible to drive a middle- Italian woman to public revolt and the picket line, She had the face of a person dead a thousand years, yellow skin drawn too tight over a thin nose and hard cheekbones, temples sunken and eyes helpless, hopeless. ‘Hditors would label a photograph of her a take and refuse it. Angela told me that she supports five children by hefnight work, Driven every moment by a foreman, by the need to cook, to sew, to clean, nevér rested, sucked dry of every feeling but desire to sleep, she is still unable to make enuf to care for her hungry brood, Her English is very ‘scant but it} hardly needed Angela's interpretation to supplement the gestures that ac- companied her words as she told her bitter story, ending with the crowning woe that she had not even been able to stop to drink coffee with her mid- night bread and cheese, {Péseate texte strikers China, which are under ‘the influence of Canton, the peasants, under the leadership of workers, Communists and adherents of the Kuomintang party have repeatedly repelled coun- ter-revolutionary attacks of Chinese militarists. If only for this ‘reason, the estab- lishment of a military dictatorship* in China will be extraordinarily difficult. _ Apart from this, the sphere of the activities of Chang Tso Lin and, Wu Pei Fu embraces less than the halt of the Chinese empire. The other half consists of a number of districts with military groups of their own which do not submit either to Chang Tso Lin or Wu.Pei Fu and are prepared to defend their independence, China will not be united by a mil! tary dictatorship which is backed by the imperialists, The tendencies to unification, in China are strong. They are dictated by the interests of all strata of the population. But this uni- fication will.proceed from below, on revolutionary lines and not thru the force of the counter-revolution. The present stage is complicated and difficult for the revolutiopary movement, in,China, Plans for the suppression of the revolution in China are being ‘worked out by the general staffs of the imperialists and in their foreign ministries. If the British and Japanese imperialists do not succeed in materializinig the idea of a bloc between Chang ‘Tso Lin and Wu Pei Fu, they will no doubt mdke new com- binations, undertake new sanguinary attempts to arm other militarists, but they will never succeed in arrésting the mighty process of the revolution- izing of China. The Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang party will now organize fhe masses with re- doubled energy and gather them to- gether to fight for ‘the democratization of the country. To the slogan of the imperialists yy 4 military dictatorship in China,” they will reply with the slogan “Revol:- tionary democratic power in the coun- try, the summoning of a national as- sembly for the whole of China.” In’ this difficult period, China needs all the help that can possibly be given, her for the revolutionary movement. The, workers of the imperialist coun- tries, especially of Great Britain and Japan must ‘fulfil their duty towards ‘the workers: and towards all the revo- lutionary’ strata of the people of China, they must, be protests and by their sympathy for the revolutionary fight in China, unmask the devilish plans of} the imperialists and compel the latter to ,desist from meddling in China by constantly contriving new plots against the movement for free- dom. ¢ Many Peasants Migrate from Central Russia to “« Far Eastern Provinces . MOSCOW, U. S. S. R., May 24—A constant ‘stream of settlers from cen-* tral Russia are reported by the Habo- rovsk authorities to be emigrating to the Far Eastern regions, 360 passing every day ‘thru the Central Settlement Bureau. The settlers are from the central provinces of Russia, where, owing to the density of the popula- tion, there is not sufficient land to sat- isfy the needs of all the peasants. The Far Eastern region authorities have made arrangements to settle 7,000 families this year. Fifteen trac- tors and a large quantity of agricultu- ral implements have been allocated for their use. The political-educa- tional department has arranged for a traveling cinema outfit, accompanied by a lectureg, to visit the new settle- ments to explain to the peasants the features of the district and the possi- bilities ‘of dewloping agriculture and auxiliary employments in it. Quanti- ties ot literature on the subject have also been supplied. American Fur Buyers Seek to Capture the Soviet, Uni Union Market MOSCOW, U. 8. &. SS. R. (Tass), May 24.—England-bnys oyer one-half of the total amount of furs obtained in Rus- sia, the export of which last year amounted..to. 64,300,000 rubles. The buying 34 per cent of the total supply, and thep, comes Germany, purchasing 11.8 per cent, . Keen competition is.being exhibited by American fur buyers, who claim that. a market exists in America for the whole. of the output of furs from Russia, Mr. Veiner, a large fur buyer, who has just arrived in Moseaw from America, stated to our correspondent that he was prepared to take all the furs the Soviet Fur Trading Organiza- tion was prepared to sell him and that his firm was prepared to put up the money.for the stocking of furs for the next season, Paterson Holds Bazaar for the — United States comes next on the list, | | PATERSON, N. J., May 24.—The Paterson Conference for the Relief of. the Pas ‘Textile Strikers will hold a benefit bazaar at the Carpenter's Helvetia Hall, 56 Van Houton 8t., Thursday, Friday and » May 27, 28 and 29, for the ot the 14 ye