The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 12, 1926, Page 6

Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Ml, Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES ) By mall (in Chicago only): | By mall (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.50 three months | $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, ItInols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL \ WILLIAM F, DUNNE nee MORITZ J, LOEB... Business Manager —_— $$ eee eee Entered as™second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Ill, under the act of March 3, 1879, Advertising rates on application, One Brigand to Another S20 | By E. HUGO OEHLER, (piys miles east of Kansas City, half way to Independence, Missouri, on |the main road, not far from the Mis- souri river, in Sugar Creek, Missouri, Altho the street cars and interurban cars in and around Kansas City are plentiful, this little city is isolated. One is compelled to walk. If he is fortunate enough to own an auto -he can ride. The main street is paved. The side streets are most always muddy. Picket fences stands between |the streets and the small shacks of the workers. To the north of the Edward B. McLean, publisher of the Washington Post and one|town looms large smokestacks pouring of the notorious figures in the teapot dome and department of their smoke skyward—the silent im- pressive monuments of the autocrat justice swindles of 1924, assures the British ruling class that he is| that rules. with them in their fight against labor. Tn an editorial entitled “We’re With You, England,” this speci- men declares that if the British strike develops into a civil war against the Baldwin government the United States must go to the assistance of that government. Says this wretched lackey of the Ohio gang of political corruptionists and personal friend of the late Harding: “At all cost the general strike must be broken. It is an assault upon the throne, the government, and the people of Great Britain. if it wins there will be a Communist dictatorship In England.” McLean and his pen prostitutes speak for themselves, but not for the working class of the United States. Certainly intelligent workers of this country are not going to engage in a war against the workers of Britain in order to defend the throne upon which sits that unspeakable embodiment of name- Jess diseases known as King George; nor will they defend the tory strikebreaker, Baldwin, or any of his infamous crew. In case of a revolution in Britain the Communists of the United States will use every means at hand to prevent the American ruling class coming to the aid of the British government and we will not be alone in such a struggle. The overwhelming majority of labor will be with us on this proposition. If McLean and his chief intellectual scavenger, Mr. George Harvey, formerly ambassador to Great Britain for the Ohio gang of thieves and grafters, want to defend the throne and king of England in hand to hand fighting with the British workers we have no objection to their going and would not do anything to deter them. In fact we would encourage it because we know that one good dock worker would wipe out the whole editorial staff of the Washington Post the moment they, stepped. off the gang plank in England. The important lesson to be derived from McLean’s declaration of solidarity with the British ruling class is that the capitalists of ihe two countries will endeavor to unite against the workers when they are threatened. The workers can learn lessons from their masters’ display of solidarity and follow suit. Free Speech in Pittsburgh That is the first impression. When one looks closer he sees more defects. No lighted streets, sewers in a few Places just being laid, repairs needed badly, not even wooden sidewalks. Climbing a hill near the town you see over two dozen large cement smokestacks, many tanks, many un- finished structures—all denoting a busy industrial life. Standard Oil Only Industry. The only industry in Sugar Creek is that of the Standard Oil (Indiana). The refinety has a pipeline direct from the Oklahoma oil fields bringing in the bulk supply of oil that keep 1100 workers busy. On the main street are a few neces- sary stores: grocer, drug store, barber, hardware, etc., that serve the workers and their families, 4,000 in all. The lives of these workers and their fami- lies are ruled by the Standard Oil com- pany. Do their bidding or leave the city and find another boss, Use Company Union to Hit Workers, In the post-war period a company union was formed, divided into crafts and modeled to suit the taste of Stand- ard Oil. In 1919 when prices Were going up and wages down, the still cleaners struck and the other crafts stayed on the job. They lost. In the latter part of the same year the brick- masons went out on strike and again the other crafts worked on and labor- ers making 52c an hour took their Chinese Leaders of the Workers and Peasants Murdered by Order of the Imperialists. NDER the protection of the con- sular jurisdiction and thru their The release by Judge Ford of the Pittsburgh common pleas! policy of machine guns and cannons, court of J. Louis Engdahl and Abram Jakira after their arrest by|the imperialists have slaughtered the police on May Day is a victory for free speech in that domain o the steel trust. For many years the police of that region have exercised a nsurped despotism, have prohibited and. broken up public meetings without any pretext of law to back them up...In, Pittsburgh the police have demanded that permits, to hold hall.meetings be secured from-them. In case they decline such permits the meetings are not.held. This autocratic system,was challenged on May Day by Engdahl and Jakira. In common pleas court they.endeavored. to establish the fact that the police have no right to demand permits, but the.steel trust judge evaded that issue and, without venturing an opinion on the right of the police to demand permits, dismissed the cases. The fact that the cases were thrown out of court, that the ar- rests made by the police were dismissed, is a victory for the Com- munists in Pittsburgh. For a long time speakers have been harrassed by the police of that region, arrested, thrown into jail and held long enough tos prevent the holding of advertised meetings, then fined a small amount, which they usually paid rather than go to further expense of fighting the case. This time the fine was not paid and the case was fought, with the result that the police were defeated. bu The fight for free speech must be carried on until it is definitely established in the Pittsburgh region. ‘ - Defense Day Disappears After two attempts to establish the custom of observing one day in the year as “defense day”—a day on which to parade the military might of the nation and induce the population to ‘support the mil- itaristic schemes of Wall Street’s imperialism, the Ooolidge gov- frnment at Washington has surrendered, There will be no defense May this year unless it is especially authorized by act of, congress. The open contempt.in which this celebration is held by intel- ligent workers and the general ridicule heaped upon it by the public jn general is responsible for the war department and the administra- tion deciding to scrap the thing. The first “defense day” was held in September, 1924, and was ‘openly opposed in a number of states. Few participated in the affair. Last year it was held July 4, but was such a fiasco everywhere that its sponsors décided that they had better abolish the thing because it only displays their weakness and inability to obtain a following except among the most ignorant And depraved dolts. The more enlightened workers realize that they have nothing -of their own to defend and that to defend the interests,of a eapital- ist government is only to strengthen the hands of their mortal enemy, the capitalist class. While the world watches the titanic struggle in Britain, the workers of the United States should not forget that on a smaller seale the same ferocious despotism tries to crush the heroic Pessaic strikers. / Get a member of the Workers Party and a new subscriotion for The DAILY WORKER. Br pose Vine tetas svensk 1 san se Aten tals ADCDN ae aoe f thousands Since the Chinese population has no| of Chinese themselves. longer calmly submitted to every blow but has energetically resisted the im- perialist oppressors, the imperialists have ordered their Chinese lackeys, the military rulers, simply to shoot down all the leaders of the movement directed against themselves, being chiefly the leaders of the work- ers and peasants. . 'WO cases of special interests, in activity of the English and Americans cember 1925 and January 1926. The president of the Shanghai Trade Union Congress, Liu Hua—the trade union council has led the fights in Shanghai since May 30th 1925—was jsuddenly arrested by the British Police in the international quarter of Shanghai in November and handed over to the Chinese military ruler of Shanghai—a partisan of Sun Chuan Fang, the ruler of the Lower Yangtse district. On the very day on which Sun Chuan Fang came to Shanghai and the international municipality gave a banquet in his honor, Liu Hua was shot without a verdict. Days elapsed before the Chinese press knew of this murder; it was not until the British Shanghai papers announced the news with joy, that it heard about it. es another case, last November, a leader of the peasants, called Ju Sui Ping, who tried to organize the peasants population of Wuchi in the Kiang Yuen district into a tenants’ union, was arrested by the local dis- trict official, An American paper, the China Press reported on December 12, from Wuchi as follows: “Communism has already penetrated deeply into the interior of Chinas A short time ago a Chinese who had studied abroad, propagated amongst the peasants of the villages north of Wuchi the doctrine that the land ac- tually belongs of the tenants and that they need pay no ground-rent. He or- ganized a tenants’ union, which has now as many as 1,500 members. The chief aim of the union is to make the land and crops the property of the tenants. The propagandists whose name is Ju, was discovered by the landowners and thrown into prison.” N the same day, The North China ‘Daily News, a British newspaper |in Shanghai published a report on the peasant movement in Kiang Sn: “A fortnight ago a peasant confer- ence, which was attended by a thous- and peasants, took place twenty miles trom Wuchi. A gentleman of the name of Ju explained to them that they need not pay any ground-rent. At present they have to pay 1 ewt. of rice for every mou of land, The ad- ministrative officials got wind of the meeting} The peasants were repri- manded and their leader Ju arrested. kven. the leader has been arrested and “peasants reprimanded, 1 a these | which it is easy to recognise the | in the background, happened in De-/| THE DAILY WORKER ~ How Standard Oil Dominates|{ Sugar Creek = | districts.” places, Again they lost, and again many went back to work under the old conditions. This was the end of the company union, because many refused to pay dues and others had nothing to do with it. It served its purpose, so the company was also willing to let it die. Today only the brickmakers hold a charter, The company ruled inside the plant, It was not satisfied to rule the shop alone. It decided that the city should be incorporated, have .sewers, lighted streets, mayor, police and everything. They launched a campaign. The com- pany pledged that if #’city were estab- lished they would thousands of dollars in taxes to the ‘city against the few that would haye to be paid by individual workers, “The workers fell for it. The workers obeyed off work as they had at wo K, Standard Oil won, The city has “everything,” in- cluding a nice new police station. Superintendent Mayor. The city eleotion,pat in office as mayor the assistant superintendent of the Standard Oil plants. He was boss inside the plant, he. became boss outside the plan, yy The city has a.bposters’ club for the merchants, a company ball team for the boys and bootleg parlors run wide open. Raids, are sometimes staged as it is “necessary” for the “Interests of law and,order.” On these occasions the foreign-born minority of the population are subject to discom- fort. Of the 1100 employed at the refinery about 200 are foreigners—mostly Slo- vaks, Workers Must Fight Standard Oil. The Standard Oil is the unques- tioned boss in the plants and is the ruler of the city. Their control of workers during work hours and after work hours keeps the workers in a continual state of fear. In the past the ku klux klan wag active in the in- terest of Standard Ojl, but they have died. As long as the workers live here titey belong to the Standard Oil. There is no escape by leaving., The workers of Sugar Creek must,fight and win at Sugar Creek. The White Terror in China idea has sunk in, andthe peasants con- tinue to consider it; if has taken root not only in Wuchi te in two other 7 J° SUI PING wishéd?to organize the union to protett the Interests of the tenants; thé iniferialist press is agitating against it. This agitation led Sun Chuan Fang to Wtder the execu- tion of Ju Sui Ping,"and he was be- headed on January i7?° Again the im- perialist press knew of the execution sooner than the Chigese. Under what pretextfiitd the Chinese military rulers havegjhe leaders mur- dered? Two of the las in China are: “The law against rebbers, and the law of proteetion by the police.” Both jlaws were enacted, iny1914 by. Yuan Shi Kai who wisheggto become em- peror, with the ideagef.using them against the revolutignary leaders of the Kuomintang. Hupdreds of revolu- tionaries were simply murdered as robbers without ahy,sentence, Today the law is put into execution not only |against the revolutionary leaders of the Kuomintang, but against Com- munists and all leaders of the workers and peasants and of the freedom movement. HUS, in 1923, Wu Pei Fu had two strike leaders shot in Hankow by order of the English on the strength of this law; the military leader Chen Shui Ming, also by order of the Eng- lish, had a hundred,peasant- leaders shot last year. A miners’ leader in Ping Siang and a leader of the textile workers in Tsingtow,.were executed last year by order ofthe Japanese. On the strength of the same laws, even in Shanghai, daily mugders take place of persons who, under the pressure of’the terrible fal and, the great distress in China, yield to the tempta- tion to steal, ad: Both laws were omiginally put into force for a definite period; in 1918 they were indesiniighy prolonged by agreement with the‘ foreign powers, which means that th® atrocious white terror will continue rage against the Chinese people for an indefinite period. The laws jst robbery and for police protection ‘have not even been mentioned at extra-territoriality | ing place and whi cerned in improvin; % 16 laws, r is well-known that the revolution- ary leaders in present-day China are still, to a large extent members of the intellectual circles; thus, one of the victims in 1923 was a lawyer, the leader executed in Tientsin was a student who had studied in France, the miners’ leader of Ping Siang was a head-teacher, Liu Hua a student at Shanghai University, the peasant lead- er Ju Sui Ping a professor at Shanghai University, etc, Theit. murder has caused great excitement amongst the intellectuals in China, The students, professors.and authors are therefore plawwing to organize a campaign on a large scale against the dreadful terror of the Chinese military rulers and the imperialists. @ conference on ich is now tak- “The as ‘is chiefly con. | pen is Hove than the|hours a day, between 16 and 18) “DRYS BECOME ALL WET By William Gropper. The straw vote of the newspapers showing the trend to the wets has forced the drys to become very damp. Russia Redeems Street Waifs (Moscow Correspondence) By WILLIAM F. KRUSE (Special to The Daily Worker) NE of the many evil heritages taken over from czarist Russia’s past is that of the vast army of street waifs and strays, picking up some sort of living by begging or general knavery; and constituting a sort of sixth estate that numbered many thousands, The period of famine and civil war natur- ally swelled the number of young- sters who had neither families nor homes to go to, and the Soviet gov- ernment has had no easy time in grap- pling with this problem. A capitalist government would make short shrift of these young victims of an evil past, the police would be mobilized for a round-up of “vagrants,” prison sen- tenees would follow “for having no visible means of support,” and under forced contract prison labor the un- fortunate misfits would be held -by state violence in either wage slavery or peonage, depending upon whether the community was industrial or agricultural in basis. “Friends of the Children.” ‘OT so in the Soyiet Union. It was +% clearly recognised that this was a social, not a police problem, and that the remedy, if any could be found, would have to be educational rather than punitive. So the schools set out to conquer this problem, aided ener- getically by a voluntary mass organ- ization, “Friemds of the Children,” number many thousands of earnest workers who were interested in this problem. Branches of this society were established in most of the enter- prises in the towns, and by personal contact slowly and patiently built up, one after another of the wild young vagabonds was reclaimed for useful participation in the rising new world of labor, Wherever possible the youngsters were found work as apprentices, and where they had any relatives, how- ever distant, who were willing to take them in this was arranged, otherwise free voluntary lodgings, under a wide degree of self-administration, were provided. In view of their past free roaming existence there was neither room nor desire for coercion—this would have immediately defeated the very purpose of this extremely del- ieate work. Instead, by gradually in- creasing responsibilities, both indiv- idual and collective, tho-sands of these former half-wild waifs were transformed into the most active and useful type of industrial worker. A Moscow School Workshop. Gs Moscow I visited recently a school workshop in which 45 of these youngsters were being taught ‘the trade of shoe-making. It had originally been organized by the gubernia government's children’s com- mission, but in order to remove from it the last vestige of punitive char- acter it is now being administered as an organ of MONO, the Moscow de- partment of public schools. These boys actually work shoe- making artisans, they make r hoes —no “vocational guidance” of the dil- ettante sort practiced in the American public schools, And the shoes are used, some go into the regular distri- bution channels, others to the many children's homes and schools, Nor do they do any clean-up drudgery, they make shoes, other workers tidy up. Boys between 14 and 16 work four sword,” provided youpknow how to use| hours, between 18 and 20 the regu it, Come down. how iff the worker corre: classes, , &;! eight hours. Their wages amount to’}~ 16 roubles per month, \pt roubles is a spécial subsidy ‘from the Moscow public schools, the Test com- ing out of the turn-over, which in six months came to 13,000 roubles. The gubernia government also- furnishes a subsidy of 500° roubles: per® month— this is necessary it is~explained be- cause material is spoiled: océasionally in learning, in which cds ho punish- ment attaches to thé ‘4imlucky ap- prentice, ethaigesie NS phe who do ‘their’ work @iligently and well for six months are grad- uated, as “free” workers, continuing at the school as heretofore but no longer in the capacity of public school wards, Immediately after this gradua- tion their wages are still the game, since the first category, according to which they are paid, is identical with the old school allowance. But they advance rapidly ‘acco#@ing to ability after this and son’ redch the fourth category with its pay of ~35° roubles. This goes very much farther in Russia than én capitalist countries, of course, in view of their many ailditional priv- ileges. In a public restaurant ‘nearby they buy their own meals, at reduced rates. When they start work they receive an outfit of clothing free... They are all attached to a general workers’ club nearby, and the workshop school sub- scribes to several daily and periodical papers for them, including-the “Kom- somolskaya Pravda” (Y, C, L. daily). Of.the 45 student workers, 23 are al- ready members of the Shoemakers* Trade Union, on entering the first “free worker stage they enter the union automatically, ‘but some” have been permitted to join even sooner, . thus establishing a more intimate con- tact with their fellow craftsmen. Three days a week there is school period, during working hours, in which deficiencies in general schooling are made up. The usual school subjects are thus made accessible to these boys. Im all there are five teachers in the whole establishment, each of them paid as a “shoemaker instructor,” 82 roubles per month, a wage equal to that paid a typist in an office. Vacation With Pay, HE boys get two weeks vacation with pay, previous to the vaca- tion period each is given a thoro medical examination dn the basis of which this regular allowance is ex- tended whenever found necessary— which in these cases is quite often. Thus eight of the boys were sent to special health resorts on the Volga, while many receive, free, special food at the children’s restaurants estab- lished in the fight against tuberculosis and anemia. _ Far Superipr to Other Nations. Ips adyent of a group of visitors to the boys’ school workshop is fully as much of an event to the youngsters as it is to the adults visitors. They show their work very proudly, for it really is good, and expressed their gladness at the workers in their progress. A shoe- shop in a “Home for Delinquents” in & capitalist country is a fearsome jail- like place. The utter difference here furnishes yet another practical illus- tration of the great gulf between cap- italist and socialist approach to social problems, as well as industrial and social relations in general, RECORI a BREAKING PRODUCTION PITE FACTORIES RUNNING - 18% BELOW THEIR CAPACITY By LELAND“OLD: With recordb Industrial pro- duction in March United States still fell 18 per eebt’ short of using its factories to capacity. Eniployment started the dow drop of 6-10 per under March, under March, erage es ane still 7 pér cent un- der March, 1920 to factory workers in wages has been cut more’than 26,per cent in six years, The following table shows for im- portant industries the per cent of full- time capacity operated in March, 1926, and the per cent of employment in that month to the average for 1923: March, 1926 Pet.of Pct.of Cap. 1923 Em. 83 118 112 100 . | Chemical 106 Cotton .. 87 Electrical 4. 99 Foundries, mach. shops 77 88 Hosiery, knit good: 108 Lumber producté™. 84 90 .| Meat packing .. 76 19 Men’s clothing 82 87 Paper and ‘pul; 94 96 Rail car 8 84 83 Boot and 80 91 Silk . 85 gd Iron and steel 87 100 Stone, clay, glass.iuu. 96 ‘Wool ... 78 per industry no while the, total paid |one of these major arms of the coun- try’s productive plant is operating. 90% of capacity. The automobile tire industry could produce 45% more tires. Bakeries and cotton mills could produce about 14% more than at pres- ent. Existing foundries and machine shops could produce 80% more if op- erated to capacity and the meat in- dustry 31%% more. Without addi- tional investment factories could turn out 25% more shoes and 22% more electrical supplies and apparatus, Spread British Strike News! . the time to reach The DAILY=WORKER, with its authentic stories on the British strike, is being up by workers all over the country, Now is fellow workers in the shops, in the unions, and elsewhere with The DAILY W@RKER. . ; , District a Committee 8 calls on all nuclei and comrades in the Chigago rict Immediately to order bundiés of the DAILY ‘aké"advantage of each day, Order now, . ~ interest of fellow- « |