The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 6, 1926, Page 2

Page Two THE DAILY WORKER 8,000 CHILDREN SLAVES HURT IN YEAR IN PENNA, Children Put at Jobs Involving Danger NBW YORK, May 4 — Facts against child slavery are fired by the national child labor committee inthe current issue of the American Child. A summary of a study by the Consum- ers League of castern Pennsylvania shows the reckless waste of life and Iimb of child workers. The study shows that a total of 8,476 workers under 18 years of age were injured in Pennsylvania industry tn’ 1923. Four thousand of these lost 10 days and more from their injuries. The total number of fatalities is not given but 51 workers of the 16- and 17-year groups are shown to have been kifMled on the job and 81 permanently injured. The textile industry maimed more children than did any others, but clothing, printing, laundry work fol- lowed after. Against the lives and safety of the older children the metal, mining, clay, glass and stone work industries scored heavily. Less Than $10 Per Week. “It is interesting,” says the Amer- fean Child, “that an examination of the 14- to 16-year group shows that 50 per cent of these children were risking their limbs and their lives for an average of less than $10 per week.” Hours of working children must be reduced, is one lesson the league draws. “In 1915 it seemed as tho the 9-hour day and 51-hour week were satisfactory. However, in the decade | that is passed, industry has become | much more hazardous, with an in- | satiable greed for speed and high-| powered machines.” | Prohibition of dangerous occupa-/ tions is another urgent recommenda- tion. Better factory inspection is a third. The last recommendation re-| lates to compensation. . Many chil- dren are illegally employed and in- jured in the course of this work. Such children are excluded by the Pennsylvania Workmen’s Compensa- tion law from compensation, The case} is given of a 16-year old boy crushed | to death while operating an elevator. | His boss, who had ilegally assigned him to this work was fined $25 and exonerated from compensation pay- ments. A lb-year old boy, employed as serap boy in an iron and steel mill, was caught in a shaft, drawn into tho machinery and killed instantly; again no compensation, A fireworks fac- tory employed 13 children illegally. Three were severely injured and one killed and all the boss had to pay was a@ $30 fine, tho he had asigned the children to work unlawful at their ages. Globerman Is Candidate for 6th Vice-President of Cigar Makers’ Union LOS ANGELES, May 4.—Sam Glob- erman, president of Cigar-Makers’ Union No. 225 and delegate to the Central Labor Council, is candidate for the sixth vice-presidency of the Cigarmakers International Union. Globerman is noted for his activities in the left wing movement of Los An- geles. DETROIT DISTRICT LEADS IN THE RACE DISTRICT 7 .... Michigan (except upper peninsula) and Indiana (except Lake County. DISTRICT 5 ... Pennsylvania and West Virginia DISTRICT 11... Montana, Colorado, Idaho, Wyomin, DISTRICT 6... Ohio, DISTRICT 14 .. New Mexico, Arizona and Texas, DISTRICT 1 New England States (except Connecticut). DISTRICT 4... New York 8ti Erie County, Pa. DISTRICT 2...... (except that | Greater New York City (including suburbs In New Yor! State and New Jersey) and Connecticut. DISTRICT 8 .. Illinois, Lower Wisconsin, M DISTRICT 13 California, DISTRICT 3 New Jersey (except that Included in District 2), Pennsyl- vania, east of the Appalachians, Delaware, Maryland, and Washington, D, C. DISTRICT 12... Oregon and Washington, DISTRICT 165 .... 8, Louisian Carolia, South Carolia, Georgia, DISTRICT 10 . North Dakot; DISTRICT 9 ... ia xcept that Included in Districts 3 and 4) sourl and Lake County, Ind. srsansenvvovooonsscnnvensesessssncannnssssseooessensvesssenes 282% ippi, Alabama, Florida, North Upper Wisconsin, Michigan (upper pe (Continued from page 1). and collectively, calling us ‘labor lieu- tenants of the bourgeoisie’ and ‘trai- tors to the working class.’” Hillquit here urged that everything be cut out after the words “calling us” to the end of the paragraph. He de- nounced Oneal’s carefully chosen words as “childish” and “mere phrases.” Hillquit charged Oneal with doing just what he was charging the Communists with doing. Committee report’s fourth paragraph is in Oneal’s best style: “The purpose of the Workers (Communist) Party is to ‘bore within’ any organization that trusts its offers of friendship, to organize stealthy cliques and factions, to sow suspicions and hatreds by falsehoods and intrigue and thus serve the enemies of the working class, All this is done systematically as its standard tactics.” Hillquit demanded that this para- graph be striken out entirely. He de- clared it was absolutely unnecessary. Committee report’s fifth and last paragraph: “Such an offer under such circumstances cannot be accepted. There is no reason for believing this proposal more sincere than similar proposals in the past. Moreover the Workers (Communist) Party has by its false lying and disrupting tactics isolated itself from the American workers and deserves its isolation. Its alliance would be a liability and not an asset to the cause of working class emancipation. Co-operation with it would alienate and mot attract the American workers. Co-operation with it can lead only to disaster. A united movement can be realized only by ignoring it.” Oneal’s “Pidgeon” English. ‘When Hillquit drew attention to it, the characteristic Oneal phrase “false lying,” became one of the jokes of the convention. It was pointed out that if a lie is false, then it is necessarily the truth, This would mean that all the charges that sting Oneal so bitterly are true. Hillquit urged that the phrase “false lying” be deleted. He also demanded that the phrase “de- serves its isolation” be stricken out, and to substitute the word “unity” for “emancipation.” He also urged that everything start- ing with “co-operation” to the end of the paragraph be eliminated. Hill- quit’s recommendation would leave, of course, a mere skeleton of Oneal’s heroic effort that had meceived the ap- proval of Berger and Sharts, Hillquit, in arguing for the changes, United Front Tarned Down by Socialists | | declared the resolution had too much heat. “It has a peevish tone,” he said. “We must have a dignified and cogent reply.” Berger Defends Attacks. Berger came to the defense of the resolution, however, He said this was a serious matter and had to be taken seriously, He assailed the Workers Party and the world Communist move- ment, insisting that the original reso- lution stand. Sharts, for the commit- tee, also came to the defense of the resolution, Then Oneal came to the defense of his phraseology. He attacked Com- munists generally, and declared that there was no united front in the Pas- saic mill strike, for instance, contrary to the reports in “The Daily Sewer” of Chicago, which is Oneal’s way of referring to The DAILY WORKER. Delegate Julius Gerber, of New York, interpreted Oneal’s “heat” by pointing out that socialists like August Claessens and Norman Thomas had gone to Passaic to make speeches at strike meetings and had failed to have themselves introduced as socialists. They had merely been introduced as “friends from New York,” was Gerber’s complaint, and this was the only explanation offered what Oneal claimed was the failura of the united front in Passaic. Gives Lie to Oneal, Esther Friedman, who was in the convention hall, altho not a delegate got the floor and declared she had spoken to the Passaic mill strikers, and that when she asked to be pres- ented to the strikers as a speaker for the socialist party, she was announced by the chairman of the meeting in this manner, This created more heat in the Oneal-Gerber combination. » “You want to call me a liar,” yelled Gerber, across the convention hall. “That's what you want to do. You want to make me out a liar.” When the excitement died down the voting proceeded. The second para- graph was adopted, except that “Rus- sian Bolsheviki” was changed to “Sommunist International.” The third paragraph was allowed to stand. In the fifth paragraph, the phrases “false lying” and “deserves its isolation” were stricken out. Thus the socialists dug their heads a little more into the sands of isola- tion, believing that they had saved themselves from the terrible Commun- ists forever. Better Government Association Raps Crowe’s Grand Jury Immediately upom the announce- ment by State’s Attorney Robert E. Crowe that Attorney General Oscar E. Carlstrom would eontinue to be in charge of the gramd jury to investi- gate the murder af William McSwig- gen, Crowe’s star prosecutor, during a war between rival bootleggers, the Better Government Association sent out 12,000 letters to Chicago voters calling on them to protest against this action of Crowe, thru his tool Carl- strom, carrying om an investigation of the connection of his own office with the criminal elements. The Better Government Association joins Coroner Oscar Wolff in demand- ing that a special prosecutor not con- nected in any way with the state's at- torney or his office take charge of the investigation of the McSwiggen mur- der and the connection of the state's attorneys’ office with gangland. TO MOSCOW sessrseee 609% snore 4.84% sronsesesssmunmrsesenenesssserssveassseeses 4,53% 4.51% 4.88% ae 8.83% é 3.25%, included In District 2) and usu» 909% we 2.94% wn 2.65% inti db ll Mies assess COM Kentucky and Tenn WORLD LABOR IS FOSTER’S TOPIC; SPEAKS TONIGHT Just Returned from Trip Thru Europe “European, Russian and American labor movements will be the subject of a lecture to be delivered tonight at Northwest Hall by Wm. Z. Foster, famous leader of the great steel strike. The meeting Is the monthly gathering of the Chicago general group of the Trade Union Educational League. All workers are invited. Foster has just returned from sev- eral months spent in Russia and Western Europe. He will tell of the progress made in Russia since his visit there last year and give details of the great general strike in England where he spent time on his return trip while the present crisis was brewing. Foster will have some very inter- esting comparisons to draw between the labor movement in this country and in Europe. As the leader of the left-wing forces in the American move- ment, he will tell of recent develop- ments here and the tasks of the pro- gressive forces in America. Admis- sion to the meeting is free. Carmen of Chicago Demand Wage Increase Officials of the union of surface street car men in Chicago today were seeking a conference with heads of the company to make overtures for an | Increase in wages, following a meet-| ing of the carmen at which it was vot- | ed to ask for increase of five cents an hour, The men also seek establish- ment at the expense of the company of $1,000 insurance and $20 weekly sick benefits for each employe. William Quinlan, president of the union, denied that a strike is threat- ened, but that the vote constituted merely a request for an increase which the men believe due them. Frisco Carpenters Strike Open Shop Jobs SAN FRANCISCO — (FP) — The walkout of union carpenters from openshop jobs, scheduled for April 1 as a test of strength for the San Fran- cisco building trades unions, is in effect. The unions claim 500 men out, The Industrial Assn, says there are only 76. Many contractors, while dis- playing openshop signs, hire only union workers and these are not being disturbed. operating in the strike by a campaign of persuasion, inducing nonunion painters on building Jobs to sign wu with the union. j Union painters are co-|/™ HART, SCHAFFNER & MARX LAY OFF MANY PRESSERS Improved Machinery Is Bosses Reason Hart, Schaffner and Marz, leading clothing manufacturers of Chicago have let 16 more of their workers go with a compensation of $200. The reason offered by the company for the lay-off was that the workers were not necessary since the introduction of the new pressing machines in their factorios. Lay Off 150 Cutters. A few weeks ago the same firm laid off 150 cutters—giving them the sum of $50,000—or $350 apiece for their jobs. The reason offered at that time was the slump in. business gen- erally and the improved methods of production. The Amalgamated Cloth- ing Workers agreed to such a settle ment on condition that,no more such procedures were to take place. Lay Off 16 Pressers. Yesterday in factories C and L, 16 Pressers were laid off by arrangement with the union—with the workers re- ceiving only $200 for their jobs with no supplementary arrangements as were made in the other case—that the workers leaving the plant were to ro- ceive part of the unemployment fund. That arrangement would have result- ed in giving the workers $500, now they only receive $200. An interview with some of the workers that were affected by the ar- rangement leads us to believe that the Hart, Schaffner and Marx Company does not intend to stop the reduction of its forces. Many more pressers are slated to go because of the new machines that have been introduced. Part-Time Work. These 16 workers practically vol- unteered to accept the arrangement and leave as their average earnings for the past months have been about $16 a week. The workers that have been laid off are expected to register at the Hi ad aca exchange for another job. Rights of the Small Nations Means Little to the United States WASHINGTON, D. @., May 4.—The Latin-American diplomats are learn- ing that “the rights of small nations” dope only applies when the big na- tions get what they want. The United States asked for $1,225,000 gor dam- ages, from the Mexican government, because a bunch of bandits killed some mining engineers before the present Mexican government went into power. The American-Mexican special claims commission, with Dr. Rodrigo Octavio, the Brazilian as umpire, has decided in favor of Mexico and, of course, Judge Perry acting for the United States says that everything is wrong in the decision and the whole commission is denounced, U.S. Cruiser Moves to Nicaragua to Take Hand in Political Upheavals (Special to The Daily Worker) Washington, May 4—The navy cruiser Cleveland has been ordered from Patiama to Nicaragua to protect American interests as result of the latest political upheavals there, it was ae at the state department to- jay. $10,435,000 Increase in Dividends and Interest Payments NEW YORK, N. ¥., May 4—Divi- dends and interest payments in May total $338,650,000 in the United States, an increase over 1925 of $10,435,000. Don’t waste your paper, breath, put It on J. H. Thomas ABOR PARTY ‘leader and right- wing stalwart)'who said after the special cofgress had di for a gene my life have | begged and pleaded fo: peace as today, ause It was my duty to the cou re! (Special to The Dally Worker) ITTSBURGH, Pa. May 3. (By 4 Mail.) — The instability and wavering attitude of the socialist party was again displayed in the convention here when the question was raised of striking from the membership pledge the obligation of prospective socialists to join a labor, union, The membership pledge, which is a@ part of the party’s constitution, now contains the declaration, “I agree to apply, wherever possible, for membership in a labor union of my trade or occupation.” The pro- posal came from the constitution committee to strike it out. The report for the constitution committee was made by a young lawyer, Darlington Hoopes, of Nor- ristown, Pennsylvania. The other two members of the committee are trade unionists, John M. Collins, a machinist of Chicago, and S. P. Levenberg, of Massachusetts. Hoopes explained here, as he had done on many other propositions when they were questioned, that Eugene V. Debs, the party chair- man, had gone over the constitution and made the suggestion for this change, Debs is not in attendance at the convention. He did not ap- pear at the mass meeting Sunday, at which he had been announced as the main speaker, nor was he pres- ent at the banquet planned in his honor Sunday night. He recently re- turned from the Bermudas where he has been with Mrs. Debs, in an ef- fort to restore the latter’s health. The explanation that comes from Terre Haute, Ind., to explain his non-attendance at the convention, is his own {ll health and a death in the fawhily. Debs is not here, therefore to give his own version why he wishes to withdraw the ob- Negation to join a trade union upon prospective socialist party mem- bers. The committee report made the declaration that this obligation was “ineffective and undesirable.” Dele- gate Levenberg, declaring himself an active member of the American Federation of Labor, declared that political and trade union activities should be separated. He said the socialist party was for political ac- tivity. He took the opportunity to point out that socialists were against disruption in the trade union move- ment, inferring that this would Prove it. Delegate John G, Willert, former socialist alderman of Cleveland, Ohio, was also in favor of striking out. He argued that there are all kinds of unions, and because there are so many unions, it would be dif- ficult to decide which one to urge workers seeking to affiliate with the party to join. This might be drifting a little to- wards Debs’ position, Debs was one of the organizers of the Industrial Workers of the World and has al- ways been a bitter assailant, from the outside, of the American Feder- ation of Labor. It may be that Debs, who has failed to make good on his promise to rebuild the socialist par- ty, feels that this clause keeps workers out of the party because they will not join the recognized Socialist Convention Discusses Obligation to Join Trade Unions By J, LOUIS ENGDAHL. trade unions affiliated with the A, F. of L. This is probably the best explanation that can be offered for Debs’ attitude, The Milwaukee delegation bitterly opposed striking out. Victor Ber- ger declared the socialist party was not asking any worker to join a definite union; that each prospec- tive member could decide the ques- tion of affiliation for himself. Berger was supported by Delegate William Coleman, secretary of the party in Wisconsin. The argument was advanced by other delegates that the striking out of this clause would hurt the party in its campaign for the labor party. It was held that keeping this clause in the’ membership pledge brought prestige to the socialist party. By this time the delegates were quite convinced that they were treading on dangerous possibilities and it was unanimously decided to keep the questioned clause in the > membership pledge. The official minutes of the con- vention show that thirty delegates have responded. There are also four fraternal delegates. The list is as follows: California: Lena Morrow Lewis. Connecticut: Karl Jursek, Martin F. Plunkett. Illinois: Florence §. Hall, William R. Snow. Indiana: William H, and Emma Henry. Kansas: Arthur Bridwell. Kentucky: John J. Thobe. Maryland, William A. Toole. Michigan: Joseph Bernstein, Arthur Rubenstein. Missouri: Gustav A. Hoehn, Montana: James D. Graham. New Jersey: William Kane Tal- man, Charlotte Bohlin. New York: Herbert M. Julius Gerber, James Oneal, Ohio: John G. Willert. Pennslvania: Darlington Hoopes, William J. Van Essen. West Virginia: I. G. Miller, Wil- Mam Frankhona. Wisconsin: William Coleman, Victor L, Berger. New England District: §. P. Levenberg, Walter L. Hutchins, Northwest District: Emil Herman. Mountain States District: O. A. Kennedy. Only four foreign-language group- ings had fraternal delegates as fol- lows: Finnish Federation: W. N. Reivo. Merrill, Italian Federation: James Bat- tistoni, Jewish Federation: Alexander Kahn. Jugo-Slav Federation: Charles Pogorelec. Shortly after the convention got under way Monday morning it was called to vote whether an annual assessment of 25 cents should be in- creased to 50 cents to help build the Young People’s Socialist League. The proposition was voted down, nine to five, showing only fourteen voting delegates present. During the convention it was brought out that there was only one functioning organization of the Young People’s Socialist League in the entire state of Pennsylvania, BACKGROUND OF BRITISH CLASS WAR (Continued from Page 1) paratively few may thus describe the basic reason for the present struggle. The pressure from below as a result of the downward tendency of wages vad working conditions, coupled with he arrogant attitude of the employers and the government, has forced into line with the demands of the masses for action many trade union and labor party officials who in other circum- stances have been able to excuse their unwillingness to lead the labor move- ment in a militant struggle, But so rapidly has the crisis devel- oped, so swift has been the response of the trade union membership to the offensive of the government, so over- whelming has been the proof furnish- ed the workers that weakness and hesitation mean the destruction of the British labor movement, that a labor leader who attempts to repeat the treachery of Frank Hodges in wreck- ng the triple alliance in the last great crisis, will be driven from the labor movement, The British trade unions have made the first and most necessary step in bringing their policy and tactics into iv with the basic fact of British apitalism—its decay. The general trike of the British trade unions eans the beginning of the open truggle of the British proletariat for ower: the solving of a whole series of new prob! ) { Tom *row) } Los Angeles Hebrew Bakers Go on Strike LOS ANGELES, Cal May 4. — Hebrew Bakers’ Local No. 453 at a meeting held at 2 o'clock in the morn- ing voted to go on strike and force the bosses to sign the union agreement. Five independent unions signed the new agreement. The union is deter- mined to force the bosses’ association to sign. The Co-operative Bakery has been turned over to the control of the bakers. The plant is running on three shifts turning out union made bread. A. Ravitch, the New York repres- entative of the Fretheit, and 8s. Globerman, local Freiheit manager, addressed the strikers at four in the morning urging them to stick together and pledging the support of the Frel- heit to the strikers, The bosses’ association seeks to force the union to give up May Day as a holiday, to cut the bakers’ wages five dollars a week, and to abolish the system under which the bakers divide work among themselves. A book of cartoons with every hundred points. Get the point! nce of the w This difficu FINAL CRISIS CLOSER, SAYS WM, Z, FOSTER (Continued from Page 1) Red Friday of 1925, were straws which indicated the coming of the present social storm. The British workers are breaking with capitalism, They have their eyes on Soviet Russia and are beginning to travel the revolutionary way of the Russian workers. The Reformists. “Even the Hendersons, McDonalds, Hodges, and other reformists are forced by mass pressure te support the strike at present. They fear the revolution as much as the employers do. But this time the militant ele- ments in the working class are thoro- ly organized and know the danger of reformist vaciilation, “The present great struggle in Great Britain brings the final crisis closer. It must result in greatly sharpening class antagonisms. The workers will become more class con- scious, the employers more desperate. Win or lose, the strike is only one of the preliminary struggles prepar- atory to the final clash which will end British capitalism and result in the establishment of a Soviet Re- public, American Support. “American workers must and will support their British brothers in this historic struggle. What is happening in Great Britain today is only a pic- ture of what will happen in the United States in a very few years. There must be no coal shipped to England. There must no scab goods unloaded in America. The American workers must financially assist the British strikers. The fight of the British workers is our fight. It must be won.” eee Foster will speak tonight at North- west Hall at 8:00 o’clock, on Europ- ean, Russian and American labor Movements” under the auspices of The Trade Union Educational League. American Aristocrats Seek to Rub Elbows With British Parasite LONDON, May 4—King George is to hold no fewer than six courts this year. The American rich, seeking titles by marriage, have made many applications for presentation of their daughters. Even the widows are crowding the register. Mrs. Alanson B. Houghton, wife of the ambassador to England, who selects American ap- Plicants for presentation at court, hag overwhelmed the king and queen. It is understood that Mrs. Hough- ton’s applications for various promi- nent American girls have been very successful, The American labor folk will see by this that our ambassador's wife is doing her best to be useful to Amer icans while abroad for “her country.” Portland Organizes Council for Protection of the Foreign-Born PORTLAND, Ore., May 4—Council for the Protection of the Foreign-Born was formed here recently. Meetings are held every Friday night in the Cen- tral Library, Delegates representing the follow- ing organizations are in the Council: Portland Central Labor Council, Inter- national Hod Carriers, Building La- borers’ Union No. 296, Workers (Com- munist) Party, Noble Lodge of Vasa No. 184, Women’s Club, Croatian, Rue- sian, Scandinavian and Lithuanian Language Clubs and Common Labor- ers Union Local No. 483. FOUR PAGES TODAY Owing to technical difficulties in obtaining the proper size paper The DAILY WORKER th es ats today, and may possibly be ala k. in receiving proper size confined to our office but affects all use THE DAILY WORKER J. LOUIS ENGDAHL, Editor. MORITZ J. LOEB, Business Manager, Canadians Ship Cattle Direct to England REGINA, Sask., Canada, May 3— The tariff wall put up against Cana dian cattle coming into the United States has caused the Canadians to make arrangements to slaughter and ship their own meat to the eastern and western world. This has also started the movement of other prod- ucts going to the European market more directly. The British trade with Canada has doubled since the Fordney-McCumber tariff went into effect. LOWDON STOCK EXCHANGE IS VINTUALLY CLOSED SINCE LAST FRIDAY LONDON, May 4—The London Stock Exchange virtually closed all operations last Friday. Business was reduced to a minimum, seers with only four limited to this size the aper is not 8 of print paper,