The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 2, 1926, Page 3

. GREAT PROGRES | MADE TN: FIGHT | . ON ILLITERACY Peasant Masses of Rus- sia Learning By ERIC VERNEY. MOSCOW, U. S. S. R. (By Mail).— Under czardom the Russian moujik, backward, superstitious, and op- pressed, believed in miracles ... but miracles never happened. In Soviet Russia, where the peasants are free and rapidly becoming enlightened, a real miracle has happened. The circu- lation of the weekly “Peasants’ Ga- zette” ‘has reached 1,000,000. Tn ezarist days a peasant paper was something quite unknown. The peas- ents were merely “tomnie” (“dark” people), but today, besides this cen- . tral paper, there are nearly 170 local peasant newspapers, with a total cir- culation of over a million. We thus have, the remarkable figure of over two millions circulation among Rus- sian peasants, the overwhelming ma- jority of whom were illiterate a few years ago. ‘ Huge Circulation. This. may seem insignificant com- pared, with the population. But it should be remembered that each paper is read by, all the family, that it often serves for two or three peasant-huts, or even the whole village. A paper is read oh an average by at least five persons. Thus ten million peasants read the Soviet press. These papers also contain supple- ments in periodical form, the circula- tion of which exceetis 500,000, These cover a wide sphere, including agri- culture, poultry-farming, radio, litera- ture, and humor. The handicraft journal alone prints 100,000 copies. Difficulties, Such achievements appear still more remarkable when the difficulties in the way of newspaper distribution are con- sidered. The vast territory, the diffi- cult access to out-of-the-way villages thru lack of roads, the inadequate postal service, the illiteracy of, large numbers of peasants—these are but some of the obstacles to be overcome. go,,jmscmt puanwdpnfranwdantt Village Correspondents. ‘The progress of the peasant press is largely due to the village corre- spondents, or “Selkors.” Mostly non- party peasants, they write about the work of the local soviets and co- operatives, describe the achievements of village libraries and anti-illiteracy stations. But the greatest value of their letters is that they expose all defects and all cases of corruption on lawlessness. ‘The socialist order is steadily tri- umphing over the anti-Soviet elements in the countryside. There are now nearly 6,000 of these militant village correspondents. The “Peasants’ Ga- zette” received 65,000 reon last tor as against 13,000 in 1924. The peasai papers are playing an ever-increasing role in the task of improving agricul- tural methods. They are not merely news-sheets, they are heralds prepar- ing the advent of electrification, radio, and tractors, Premier Briand Favors Alliance with Fascist Italy Against Turkey ROME, April 30—A Latin unity pro- gram is being fostered by the nation- alist elements of Italy and France with indications that Premier Briand is friendly to the idea, His recent friendly utterances about the propos- ed invasion of Italy and Greece into Turkey is taken by the capitalist press as a gesture for such unity, Spanish. Editor Is Exiled for Attack © ’ on the Government MADRID, Spain, April 30 — Fran- cisco Cossio, Spanish editor, has been exiled for an attack on the govern- ment. Practically all, the publishers of Madrid have sent a strongly worded ultimatum to the government as a protest against the suppression of the newspaper Hpoca. Telephone Lehigh 6022 DR. ABRAHAM MARKOFF Surgeon Dentist 249 East 115th St., Cor, Second Ave “NEW ee big ‘ e Pap, Becupk Priday: Binday 9 t0 1 P.M Special Rates to W. P. Members Shop Nuclei 108-9B of Williamsburgh and Brooklyn, N. Y. send its greetings to The Daily Worker in commemoration of May Day. Cleveland Dance to Raise Funds to Make Il Lavoratore Daily CLEVELAND, 0., April 30.—A dance will be held at the Moose Audi- torium, 1000 Walnut avenue, on Sat- urday, May 15, and has been arranged for the purpose of changing Il Lavora- tore, the Communist weekly, into a Communist daily. There is absolute need’ of a Com- munist daily in this country, with its millions of Italian workers. The reac- tionary propaganda being spewed forth by the fascist organs in this country and the dispatches forwarded from Rome in praise of the bloody dictatorship of Mussolini require a Communist organ to enlighten the workers. All progressive workers, regardless of language, are asked to give aid to the Italian comrades in putting Il Lavoratore in the field as a daily. E, Sormenti, secretary of the Itatlian Bureau of Workers’ Communist Party, and I, Amter, district secretary of the party, will be the speakers. ARMY OFFICERS IN FRANCE ARE PAID LOW WAGE Supplement Wage by Working Outside (Special to The Dally Worker) PARIS, April 30—Officers in crack cavalry regiments are taking lessons in shoe repairing and tailoring and professors at the war college are working as automobile washers at night because they are unable to live decently on their pay, according to of- ficial testimony before the chamber’s committee on military appropriations. Discontent. A feeling of discontent is mani- festing itself among army officers without private means which threat- ens to develop to serious proportions. Captains and majors are working after hours as taxi-drivers and others are wrapping packages to supplement their allowances. Those who can are resigning. Leave Army. Warrant officers, it is said, are leav- ing the army in large numbers and in several army corps 30 out of 35 offic- ers destined for service outside of France are leaying the army. Under the new scales of army pay which came.into force January 1 last year officers are paid approximately as follows: A major general in the French arm; ‘gets a@s much pay as a regimental sergeant major in the American , approximately $125 a month; colonels get $85; majors, $70; captains, from $45 to $65 and lieuten- ants about the same as an American }private, $35 to $45. From these fig- ures it can) be imagined what the wage of a French private is. Big Business Seeks to Enslave Riffs by “Peaceful Penetration” OUJDA, Morocco, April 30. — The world’s big oil companies, copper and steel trusts are marshalling on the- borders of the Rifflan country to do what the politicians of France and Spain have failed to do. They intend to make an industrial invasion into the rich oil and mineral deposits and the natives to slaye for them, as e Tubber, binding twine, sugar and ther trusts have put the natives of Africa, the Philippines, the West In- dies to slave for them. The treaty agreement is being held up for no other reason than that these big orations have as yet not been 3 the right to “peaceably” ex- ploit the natives. Neither France nor Spain can afford to go on with the fruitless war they have been waging, but their capitalist masters insist on holding out for the right to make in- dustrial slaves out of the natives, Scab Engineers Wreck and Kill on Md. Road NEW YORK, April 30.—A shocking toll of disasters has been the return of the Western Maryland Railroad for its efforts to break the strike of 400 engineers and firemen, W. A. Pad- dock, assistant grand chief, Brother- hood of Locomotive Engineers, re- ports: Seventy wrecks and derail- ments, 10 employes killed and two other persons also dead, 11 grates burned out and 11 crown sheets burned. All in the last six months. The loss due to one wreck would have paid for several years the 5 per cent increase demanded by the strik- ers, The increase was awarded all railroad workers on similar roads in 1922, Western Maryland engineers and firemen tried tor two years to get the award put into effect and struck when other means failed. A sub a day will help to drive capital away. _ May Day Greetings to The Daily Worker ~~” New York City Louis Fink ve, in David Turitzky chai Frank Melnick. jluner Isidor Hindin innle Jacobs Frank Koblloa B. Young H. Milner — D, Popko 8. Nelmar | A. Pytlar L. Hesslerr 4 Korchowsky 8. Huttner . Lomow D. Brown N, Turansky ; UNION VICTIM OF FRAME-UP CHARGE IS FREED IN K. 6. Movie Operators Win Over Boss Attempt By HUGO OEHLER. (Special to The Dally Worker) KANSAS CITY, Mo., April 30—Last Thursday a jury in Judge Portfield’s criminal court brot in a verdict of “not guilty” after 13 minutes’ delib- eration. This freed William MclInstry, president of the Moving Picture Local No, 170 of a sentence to jail for be- ing accused of being one of the par- ties who bombed the World in Motion Theater two years ago when it was a nonunion house. The opretaros are not thru. They have other very im- portant cases but this viggory and ex- posure will be followed up by more victories. Fake Witnesses. Cc. C, Anderson, secretary of the Employers Association, has had his foot in this case fromthe very start. He is one of the best tools the bosses have in this territory but this time his little job failed. Horace Guffin, the operators’ attorney on question- ing Anderson at the trial brot out some interesting facts. After a good grilling it was shown that Anderson was paying the living expenses of one of the witnesses against McInstry. At a critical moment Attorney Guffin pro- duced a letter that C. C. Anderson had sent to a woman, suggesting that she knew something about the case and that it would be worth her while, and at the end of the letter advised that no one should see the letter. Ander- son’s best witness was a convict. The lady involved was the wife of a con- vict, Rawlins, who was recently killed while resisting arrest. Will Try Again, It was a frame-up that failed but the bosses are coming back again and Captain C. C. Anderson of the Mm- ployers has learned a lesson and will probably not be so crude the next time. The Motion Picture Operators have put a stiff battle and often taxed their members to the extent of 5 per cent of their salaries, which was real- ly not a tax because the boys gave freely, Ruthenberg to Speak in Cleveland As Big Slav Convention Meets CLEVELAND, 0., April 30.—C. BE. Ruthenberg, general secretary of the Workers (Communist) Party, will speak in Cleveland on Monday, May 3, at the Sloveniin National Hall, 6421 St. Clair A: The occ n of the meeting is the national convention of the Croatian Benefit Society, which will begin on May 3 and will be attended by more than 350 delegates. This organization is composed of 70,000 South Slavic people, mostly workers, and plays a tremendous role in the life of the South Slavic workers in this country. The subject of Comrade Ruthen- berg’s speech will be “The Labor Struggle in the United States.” An overflow crowd is expected at the meeting, Russia Will Absorb Baltic States—Reed WASHINGTON, April 30.—Senator Reed of Missouri, opposing the 62- year term for settlement of the debt of Latvia and Hsthonia to the United States, predicted that the small Baltic states would be re-absorbed by Rus- sia within a few years. * He declared that Latvia may disappear within a decade, and that America had best collect what it can right away. Trustees of Leiter Estate Made Fat Fees In the Joseph Leiter estate fight a secret is given us as to the payment of trustees, Willaim J. Warr got a $1,000 a year salary. A $1,000 every year for a Christmas present, $1,200 a year as secretary of the Zeigler Coal company and $50 a month from the La Point Iron company. — $750,000 Appropriated for Cattle Testing SPRINGFIELD, Ill, April 30 — The United States senate has appropriated $750,000 for testing tubercular cattle for all the states carrying én this work, ‘Illinois’ share will be $150,000 which, it is said, will pay for one week's testing at the rate it was done last winter. This state has already spent $600,000 in the work of testing cattle and is wondering how to cover that guaranteed debt with the appro- priation. Madrid-Tokio Flig LONDON, April 30 — The Spanish aviator, Captain Loriga, in command of one of the two Spanish airplanes en route to Tokio from Madrid, has landed at Huo, Annam, French Indo- China,'a Saigon message sald today, Captain Gallarza, in, another plane, landed at Hanoi yesterday, ’ If you want to see the Com munist moyement grow—get a sub ‘ . ft \ JOIN “FARM BLOC” IN DEMAND FOR FARM RELIEF WASHINGTON, April 29—The “Farm Bloc” revolt grew In the senate when 19 more senators join- ed the group which opposed ad- journment of congress until after farm relief legislation has ben en- acted. Among the new senators Joining the bloc, Senator Norbeck, repub- lican, of South Dakota, announced, were 10 democrats. Its purpose will be to line up 49 senators to de- mand farm legislation before ad- journment. Thirty now have joined. More are expected to Join as they fear the results of the coming pri- maries and: elections, POLISH WORKERS DENOUNCE TERROR AGAINST JOBLESS Chicago Meeting of Protest Last /Friday, Polish and Ukrainian workers heki <a protest meeting against the most recent excesses of the white terror,regime in Poland. It was not the first time that meetings of this kind haye been held to protest against outrages against workers in capitalist Poland, Protest Murders, This time the Polish and Ukrainian workers of Chicago were gathered to voice their protest against the brutal murder of peacefully assembled un- employed workers who were forced to demand bread or work in order to exist. Dozens of unemployed have been killed and hundreds wounded in Poland in recent months by police and soldiers who attacked their demonstra- tions. Among the injured are women and children. One of those recently killed was a fifteen year old boy. Ruthenberg. Speaks, The speakers ’at the meeting were C. E. Ruthenberg, secretary of the Workers Partty¥,°B. K. Gebert, who spoke in Polish and 8S. Dimitrishin, who spoke in Ukrainian. At the end of the meeting & resolution denounc- ing the crimes’6f the Polish master class and pledging support to the struggling Polish ‘proletariat was pass- ed unanimouslyi”’ Collection. Copies of the tesolution are to be sent to the Polish embassy in Wash- ‘ngton and to the Communist fraction n the Polish Digt. A collection was taken for the families of the latest victims of the white terror. ich at Many Jurists Are Criminals, Declares One Chicago Judge WASHINGTON, D. C., April 30. — Judge Clarence N. Goodwin of Chi- cago, national thairman of the com- mittee on state ‘bar associations says: “There are criminal lawyers who are themselves criminals. They deal in duplicity, chicanery, fraud, subordna- tion of perjury, corruption of juries and sometimes the improper influenc- ing of judges.” The judge should know what he is confessing, especially about the judges. Form Third Branch of Independent Workmen’s Circle in Chicago, Ill. A new branch--to be known as the Lenin branch—is, being organized of the Independent Workmen’s Circle of Chicago, This-will make the third Chicago branch of the Independent Workmen’s Circle. Branch 87 of Independent Work- men’s Circle expressed its solidarity with the other class conscious work- ers in a greeting in the May Day issue of The DAILY WORKER, apart Henry Ford Boasts His Rivet-Making Machines Will Close Foundries DETROIT, April 30 — Henry Ford, the flivver magtiate, boasts that his new rivet-making ‘machine will virtual- ly wipe out the foundry and do away with hand labor entirely. The Ford company uses 8,000,000 rivets a day. The skilled mam is rapidly displaced by the machine watcher in the Ford dant. Imperialist Tools Persecute Friends of : : . . Soviet Union in Peking PEKING, China, April 80—Profes- sors and students in Chinese universi- ties are fleeing from the institutions of learning because of an inquisition going on to weed out the friends of Soviet Russia. Many documents were burned by them before taking refuge. Jap Steamer Aground, LONDON, 80—The Japanese steamer Chichibu is aground off Kurile sland, Japan, # Tokio dispatch sald today. The steainer’s 250 passengers are reported misging. * “—" THE DAILY WORKER NINETEEN MORE SENATORS IMPORT MEXICANS TO WORK COTTON FIELDS IN WEST Threaten to Use Child Labor Under “Bond” IMPERIAL, Calif., April 30 — While congress is working to exclude “Red” foreigners from the U. S. A. thousands of Mexican families are being brot into California under the bonding plan to work in the cotton fields. It, is a form of contract labor which allows the Mexican worker to be brot in by the contractor without fee for “emer- gencies.” Will Employ Children. The wage is around $1.25 a day from sun to sun and the families live along the roadside. The scheme, says Walt- er Mathewson, state labor commis- sioner, “besides involving contract la- bor permits child labor, rotten housing conditions and a glut in the labor market. One big cotton employer in the Imperial Valley recently defied all zuthority. In a meeting of growers he gaid he would employ children if he were so inclined and that any state official who interfered had better come armed.” Drove Out I. W. W. It hag not been a long time since the California officials aided these same cotton growers to drive the agriculture workers of the I. W. W. out of the Imperial Valley when they demanded a wage fit for a human being to live on. Paper Plate and Bag Makers’ Union Greets May Day 1926 By A Worker Correspondent NEW YORK, April 30.—The work- ers have to take stock before May 1, just as the capitalists do before Jan- uary 1. On May 1 they should sum up their past struggles and mobilize tor the future struggles. The Paper Plate and Bag Makers’ Union, Local No. 107, has no need to be ashamed of its inventory. Tho small and the trade yet unorganized after many hard attemps of the local, we are remaining 100 per cent strong in our factory. We just signed an agreement with our employers for the year beginning May 1, in which we win an increase in wages of $2 for every worker, and with more power for the shop committee to settle all grievances with the maangement of the factory, As soon as we reached a settlement we taxed ourselves $1 each for the Passaic.gtrikers and in one week the tax was collected and sent. We are also taking part in the Foreign-Born campaign. The local elected a special committee for that purpose. We hope to celebrate the First of May as class conscious workers and to continue our organizational and edu- cational work. for the next year in the same spirit. Shanghai Native Invents Typewriter to Write in Chinese SHANGHAI, China, April 30.—Tze Quon, a native of Shanghai, China, has invented a typewriter with 5,000 characters on the machine to be used in writing Chinese. Instead of each character being mounted on an individual arm, as is the case with American and European machines, however, the characters rest on a sliding table and a single key rod drops down, picks up the letter wished and after it is used drops the type back into its respective slot. The entire apparatus weighs about forty pounds. Senate Bill Calls for Seizure of Coal Mines During Strikes WASHINGTON, D. C., April 30~ The senate educational and labor com- mittee recommended a bill for the seizure of coal mines, both bitumt- nous and anthracite, by the govern in times of national emergency. The bill imcludes operation during the time of seizure, Kluxers Meet Defeat in Herrin Elections HERRIN, Ill, April 30—The recent aldermanic elections in Herrin passed without violence and endod in the defeat of the klan ticket. Three of the four aldermen elected were anti- klansmen, It is expected that the Car- bondale state troops who guarded the polls will receive orders shortly to leave the city. The elections left the Herrin city council with a clear anti-klan major- ity. It now has five anti-klan mem- bers to two klan members, This last election defeat, following the township and county elections that were victori- ous for anti-klan forces, is considered decisive and ends the klan reign of terror twat has dominated the county since 1923, Riff Peace Breaks Down, OUDJA, Morocco, April 30, — The Rifflan peace“negotiations were near a breakdown tonight, after the Riffian delegates had presented their counter. proposals to the Franco-Spanish peace co) ON THE JO IN THE THIRD ANNUAL NATIONAL BUILDERS’ CAMPAIGN Look Out, John Heinrichson! Letter from Frank Spector, Los Angeles, Cal. | My hat is in the ring! 1 am determined to be one of the happy group of comrades who will earn that wonderful trip to Moscow. Incidentally, | am informed, thru The DAILY WORKER columns, by one “John Heinrichson” that this is the first time in his young life that he will get a hard-boiled competition. 1 challenge my Comrade John (we both used to belong to the Chicago Englewood branch) to do the following: | will have by the end of this campaign for “subs” to my credit 5,000 POINTS, THAT IS 50 SUBS, AND WILL SEE TO IT THAT THE CALIFORNIA DISTRICT TURNS IN ITS FULL QUOTA OF 50,000 POINTS. | WILL NOT ONLY WORK MYSELF, BUT WILL ALSO MAKE OTHER COMRADES WORK LIKE HELL TO GET SUBS. HERE IS WHAT I HAVE DONE TO DATE: ON THE 22ND | BEGAN TO WORK. ON THE 24TH | HAD TURNED OVER TO COMRADE PAUL REISS, OUR CITY AGENT, 855 POINTS, AND AS | WRITE THIS | HAVE ALL TOLD 1,2000 POINTS. 1 am giving John a mark to shoot at—let him, and for that matter hun- dreds of other comrades, go ahead. The DAILY WORKER is our only alr we breathe with—we cannot get along In this putrid, capitalistic, foul at mosphere without it. So let’s work hard to insure its permanent existence by going thru this campaign with flylng colors. To accomplish this it is not sufficient that only a few work in each city. Every comrade must multiply his personal quota, manifold, and than let the best of us win the trip, Long live our DAILY WORKER! Fraternally, FRANK SPECTOR. Ce) 0 ° First Blood for Peoria! Peoria, Nl—Busy Builders will soon be singing, “Gee, | Wish | Was In Peorla,” if this letter is any indication. It comes from that irrepressible Builder Max Cohen. Read it: Comrades:—Here are 180 points with which to prick the cap- italist devil—first blood for Peoria. : Last year Peoria was not ap-“pointed” a player; a little action previous to the campaign put Peoria in the running. Now we are on the map with 1,000 points to go. We get the point! The 180 enclosed came with little effort. Now for some real pointing! Don’t expect to go Moscow, but will not refuse the Invitation. Here are two yearly subs for the Young Worker, one for the Young Comrade and two for The DAILY WORKER. Yours for a greater Communist press, eh asi eee | Well, we wish there were more like him in Peoria, and here’s another candidate for that trip to Moscow! MILWAUKEE ROAD TO BE SOLD T0 HIGHEST BIDDER Stock Jobbing Forces Bankruptcy The banking trust has absorbed the Milwaukee railroad. The-railroad is to be sold at Butte, Mont., to the “high- est” bidder. The road has defaulted in interest payment and matured bonds. Judge James H. Wilkerson of the United States district court for Northern Illinois has held the road to be in bankruptcy. He sets the value of the road at $750,000.000. Banks Force Foreclosure, The battle for the road has been on for some time and the Guaranty Trust company and the United States Trust company, both of New York, forced the foreclosure. The stock jobbing charge is hurled at the directors by the bankers and the directors reply that the money they spent was for expansion and for the development of the electrification of the road. They claim they secured, during the war, certain smaller branch lines and right of ways in western territory that was subject to develope- ment, but when the western land boom busted and millions of western farmers were forced from the land and the cattle men went broke, they could not build what they had planned, Had the murder fest in Europe gone on a- while longer all would have been well. Can Make Big Profit. The Milwaukee is the first road in America that has attempted to elec- trify on a transcontinental basis. Most of its road of the Rockey Mountains has already been electrified. The big power companies, mostly developed by the banking interests of Wall Street will be the principle in- terested bidder as they must sell power. The road is really solvent and has built many splendid terminals from which the new owners will profit, The facts seem to be that both the stock jobbing charge and the expan- sion claims are true. Much of the money of course came from the usual small speculators and the bankruptcy will squeeze them out as usual, MAX COHEN. FAVORITISM IN LEAVENWORTH iS CAUSE OF PROBE Released Prisoners Sup- ply Information (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, April 30—A whole sale investigation into conditions and administration of the federal prisom at Ft. Leavenworth, Kans., which may result in a complete shake-up of the official personnel there, is being con- ducted at the order of Attorney Gen- eral Sargent, it was learned here to- day, 4 Assistant Attorney General Wille brandt in direct charge of the invew stigation, declined this afternoon say what prompted the inquiry, it is understood that stories of fa’ itism, irregularities, and generally i discipline to those who could pay it, told by released prisoners, p r ed the action. Egan’s Rats A number of prisoners iden with the St. Louis gang known | “Egan's Rats” have been remot trom the prison and transferred” Atlanta, it was stated at the dep ment, What part, if any, the charges irregularities within the prison t by “Big Tim” Murphy of Chicago, “Nicky” Arnstein of New York, up their release, played in the inve tion, officials declined to say. New York Tugboat Men Win their NEW YORK—(FP)—Three sand tug boat men who haul the oc liners to their berths in New York harbor won a swift victory over the towing companies when wages were raised $10 to $25 a month, hours re- duced to 10 a day, with time and halt for overtime, and an allowan of 75 to 85c a day for food added. The hundred towing companies settled with the Associated Marine Workers in 24 hours when shipping began to accumulate in the roadstead, Union men chuckled as they saw the floating palaces of big union busting _ concerns like Munson and Grace lying help! The harbor was locked tal the little tugs went to work. The wage settlements are ja co promise of original demands, but union held pat on hours, men worked overtime witho: compensation, The Associated rine Workers are an union, Mexico Lifts Tariff. MEXICO CITY, April 30—President Calles has signed a tariff decree per- mitting importation, duty-free, of many articles used in irrigation proj- ects. The tariff cuts are significant in view of the president's recent official statement that $40,000,000 will be spent on irrigation projects during his administration, —_ Don’t Waste your paper, BN tint SESE Aa > ARRESTED ty Re ins Sa dir ee a a A A Se en so I ith ce tc A Die A IE i I - N WRITE AS YOU FIGHTI ‘