The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 7, 1926, Page 4

SLES AE. Page Four THE DAILY WORKER The Left Wing Fight in Four Countries (international Press Corréspondence.) OSCOW, U.S. S. R., March 4 (By Mail).—The fourteenth session of the enlarged executive of the Com- munist International was opened un- @er the chairmanship of Comrade Geschke, who informed the delegates that 300 telegrams of greeting had arrived and who read the telegrams of greetings from the Bashkirian women’s congress, which assured the enlarred executive of the solidarity of the women of the east, A Polish comrade then spoke in the trade union discussion: “The acid test of the maturity of a party is its attitude to the trade union question. The Polish party has in this connec- tion committed two sorts of errors. Before the fifth congress it strived te obtain unity at any price, even at the price of losing its own identity as a party. After the fifth congress there eame the ultra-left error, which is ex- pressed thru a concentration upon the agitation alone. The present situation of Poland is particularly favorable for the establishment of unity. “The offensive of capitalism, the catastrophic unemployment and the deterioration of the situation of the workers have all a strongly revolu- tionary effect. The movement is not go strong amongst those workers who are still at work, but here also left- ward tendencies are beginning to make themselves apparent. “The dissatisfaction of the workers, the railwaymen, the miners, the chem- feal workers, etc., is growing with the coalition policy of the right wing lead- ers. The one-time nationalist feelings of the Polish workers are becoming ever weaker, and this is expressed also in the great interest which is being manifested in the sending ‘of workers’ delegations to Soviet Rus- sia, “Inside the left wing opposition there is a tendency to split away from the main body and to establish inde- pendent unions. We must naturally fight this tendency energetically. If, however, despite our efforts, such unions are formed, then we must work within them and win them over to our cause. Even in the nationalist trade unions, which have about a million members, there is a tendency towards the formation of a left opposition. It fs the task of the party to unite these unions once again with the class war unions thru good work inside them. In this connection we have already had some success. For instance, last summer in the strike of the metal workers and recently in the strike of the tramway men. We must, however, not content ourselves with such er- Tatic successes.” bed speaker then pointed to the growth of the fascist movement, which was particularly strong in the Dombrowo mining district, where the fascists had won several thousand workers. We must destroy the fascist organizations from within. The speaker closed by stressing the importance of the Communist frac- tions, which must carry out the daily tasks of the Communist Party in the trade unions, | The Tasks of the Youth. | 1 gehen (Young Communist In- ternational): “‘The organization of the young workers into trade unions is particularly important for the strug- gle to establish tradé union unity. The young workers are unfortunately today very badly organized. They ar utilized to force down the wages o! adult workers, to force adult workers out of the shops, as strike breakers, etc, “In this respect the report of the national wages board upon the wage question of the English railwaymen is characteristic. According to this report the adult workers will retain their old wage “scales. The youth, however, who become adults after February 1, will receive considerably lower wages for the same work. Nat- urally, the employers will utilize this against the adults. During the strike of the shipyard workers at Vickers the young workers built a whole ship by themselves and thus seriously damaged the movement. “There is considerable resistance amongst the adults to the organization of young workers in trade unions. This opposition is partly due to indif- ference towards the youth and partly reformist attitude, according to which the youth under 16 years have no place in the trade unions and may not take part in strikes, they being only there to learn. “We must naturally fight energeti- cally against such an attitude and carry on a broad campaign to draw the youth into the trade unions. In order to do this, however, we must see to it that the trade unions offer some attraction to the youth. This must be done by compelling the trade unions to occupy themselves with wage ques tions, insurance and other daily ques- tions concerning the young workers. “The winning of the youth as allies is a very important task of the revo- lutionary minorities. We must do more than we have previously done to build up Communist youth fractions in the shops. The importance of these fractions has been very much under- estimated. The questions of the youth will be very important in the coming struggles of the British miners and engineers. The danger exists that the youth will be once again used for atrike-breaking purposes. We hope that the enlarged executive of the Communist International will demand that ll parties carry out the impor |a tactical maneuver, Today, however, |in existence Communists in the Unions The work of Communists in the trade unions involves the performance of the most simple and menial trade union tasks. A Communist is in the forefront of every struggle, no mat- ter how small, of the workers. He has implicit faith in the workers and their power. He gains the confidence of his fel- low-workers by constant duty and vigilance. A Communist ig ever militant, never neglecting to preach the doctrines of the class-struggle, never forgetting that the misison of the workers is the overthrow of capitalism; yet he does not sit in an ivory tower, he is always among the workers, rubbing elbows with them, pointing the way to struggle and working- clasg power. He fights the false leaders of the workers not by stepping aside and erying treachery, but by staying within the economic organizations of the workers, exposing the re- formist leaders ‘and setting in motion a movement of the work- erg that ends in the substitution of a militant and class-con- scious leadership. tant task of drawing the youth into the trade unions.” Report of the English Com- mission. IOMRADE BRAUN (Germany) made the report in the name of the Eng- lish commission: Referring to the sit- uation in Great Britain the commis- sion was completely in agreement with the analysis of Zinoviey; for this rea- son the speaker would not repeat the analysis. The chief causes for the revolutionizing of the British working class were the offensive of capitalism, the lessons of the MacDonald govern- ment and the influence of the soviet union, The symptoms of this revolu- tionization are: The growth of a so- cialist ideology where formerly only a trade union ideology existed, the great left wing movements in the reformist trade unions, the leftward tendency inside the official trade union leader- ship, the resolutions at Scarborough against imperialism and for the shop councils, the beginnings of a left wing in the labor party, the great unem- ployed movement, the campaign for the release of the imprisoned Com. munist leaders, during the course of which a petition with 300,000 signa- tures was laid before parliament, the formation of committees of action, the formation of the industrial alliance, and the movement in the independent labor party for co-operation with the Communists, of Britain Small But Powerfu LTHO the Communist Party of Great Britain had only 6,500 mem- bers and the British working class no revolutionary traditions since the days of Chartism, the Communist Party had nevertheless pursued a correct policy and achieved great success. The reasons for this success apart from the correct political line of the party are: There are no fractional struggles inside the party, the party conducts better trade union work than any other section of the Comintern, the personal and political influence of the party members in the trade unions has grown very considerably. With the assistance of various or- ganizations external to the party the latter had succeeded in getting into touch with the masses. The good struggle for affiliation with the labor party—in which connection it is in- teresting'to note that Newbold and the other renegades who are now with the social-democracy, opposed this policy. —the excellent struggle against the expulsions, the successful struggle for the connection of the organized unem- ployed workers’ movement with the trade unions, the more intense work of the individual members. of the party, the extremely dexterous strug- gle of the party for international trade union unity, the intensification of the struggle of the party against colonial oppression and finally the great suc- cess achieved in the work of enlight- enment amongst the soldiers upon the character of the economic struggles of the proletariat, T: Before British C. P. HE next tasks of the English party were: The strengthening of the minority movement, the formation of a left wing inside the labor party, the connection of the struggle for inter- national trade union unity with the wage struggles of the workers, with the colonial movement and with the struggle against the Dawes plan, the strengthening of the party, particu- larly in the big shops, the formulation of a special land policy and its popu- larization among the land workers, the struggle against parliamentary and other illusions, a considerable increase in the membership which in the near future must be at least doubled or trebled, more attention to the women’s movement, greater support for the youth movement, for the unemploy- ment in England amongst the youth is particularly great and the youth is the most important recruiting fleld for the future big Communist Party, which will have to undertake the revolution- ary leadership of millions of workers. (OMRADE BORDIGA: “At the fifth congress the Italian left was op- posed to the resolution upon the for- mation of a united trade union “inter- national, At the time many comrades believed that this resolution was only 't is clear that the Comintern really wants an amalgamation. Such a pol- icy is inadvisable. Our aim is to win the majority in the trade union execu- tives. In a revolutionary situation this is possible on a national scale. It is, however, different upon an interna- tional scale because the Amsterdam International is in close connection with the international bourgeoisie, which will without doubt have the practical leadership of the Amsterdam International up to the victory of the revolution. For this reason to attempt to bring about a unification within the reformists here is useless, “We can expect with certainty that the Red International of Labor Unions will be able to mobilize the working- class movement in the east around it. For this reason also an amalgamation with Amsterdam is at present inad- visable because it would make our work in the east impossible. Further, it is today more difficult than ever to establish unity because Amsterdam wishes to move the main weight of its activity to America. For this rea- son I recommend the retention of our earlier slogan, ‘Moscow or Amster- dam.’-This does not exclude campaigns for unity, however; for instance, for the support of the Anglo-Russian unity committee, | Problem of Fascist Unions. “ \ FTER the seizure of power by the fascists in Italy they destroyed the whole apparatus of our trade un- ions and attempted to form fascist unions. They attempted this first of all by a free ‘competition’ with us. Despite the strong pressure of the state apparatus, however, we had tre- mendous majorities in all the elec- tions for shop councils. For this rea- son fascism .in agreement with the employers adopted other methods. It decreed that only fascist trade unions would be legal and that the employers could only negotiate with these unions. Altho the unions based upon the class struggle were not officially prohibited, thru this. action of fascism their ac- tivity lost all meaning. “Today we can no longer agitate for our unions as we used to. In op- Position to the majority of the Italian party I am of the opinion that our task is to agitate for the re-establish- ment of the trade union organizations upon their traditional basis and for the unification of all members of the one-time unions based upon the class struggle. We must not be frightened by the fact that we shall play to a certain extent into the hands of the reformist leaders. We must consider the great number of unorganized work- ers but limit ourselves to the pro- visional shop agitational committees organizing all workers, whether they are trade union members or not. This is in opposition to the standpoint of the central committee, which tries to build up a new organization in the form of permanent agitational com- mittees side by side with the old trade union organization. This tactic can only lead to the splitting and disrup- tion of the proletarian forces, The Comintern must determine upon the correct policy in this question.” Class-Collaboration in America RADE DORSEY: “The attempts of the bourgeoise, together with the reactionary trade union leaders, to introduce new ‘forms of the co- operation between capital and labor is characteristic for the present Ameri- can trade union movement. This is expressed in the organization of the so-called company unions in which the representatives of the workers’ or- ganization and the employers work together. These organizations have two million members. At the present time there exists a tendency inside the trade union bureaucracy to unite these organizations with the type of organizations based upon the Balti- more and Ohio plan, according to which the trade unions take over the responsibility for production. We must work inside these unions and agitate for the formation of independ- ent working-class organization. This work is all the more important as the working-class members of these unions have a tendency to attempt to utilize them.in the struggle against the em- ployers. bor Banking in U. HE so-called workers’ banks repre- sefit another form of co-operation between capital and labor. The 40 workers’ banks which are at present have @ total capital of abe wwe phd approximately $200,000,000.) These banks have a demoralizing! effect upon the trade union movement; because they inject a commercial ideology into it. We must, therefore, work to per- suade the workers to invest their sav- ings in the co-operatives or similar working-class organizations. The trade union ‘bureaucrats are attempting to utilize the existing tendency amongst the working classes to form a third party independent of the two great bourgeois parties, for their own pur- Poses and tg give the new party a bourgeois character. It is our task, however, to organize a workers’ party which will reject every form of politi- cal co-operation with the/bourgeoisie. “The trade union leaders support the imperialist policy of American cap- italism.completely, Thi¥ support is expressed in the existencé of the Pan- American Federation of Labor, which is nothing but a weapon™f’ American imperialism. In the quéstton of the recognition of Soviet Russia tye trade union bureaucrats take uf'a stilNmore reactionary attitude. AIP these facts are unfavorable to us. We must, how- ever, not underestimate the'possibility of the formation of a left wing in the American trade union! ‘movement Altho the wages of the “American workers are on the average higher than those obtaining in; Burope, yet nevertheless there is a tendency for them to sink, which causes dissatis- faction amongst a section of the work- ing class, f “This dissatisfaction .will be in- creased by the partial criges in various industries. The mine owners wished to remove the main volume of produc- tion to the undertakings, employing unorganized workers, and this has caused a-great amount of unemploy- ment amongst the organized workers. The strongest revolutionary organiza- tion exists in the clothing industry. Only a correct application of the united front tactic can lead to the formation of a left wing. In this con- nection the drawing in and the or- ganization of the unorganized work- ers ard the utilization of the com- pany unions are factors of importance. It is our task to assist ‘in the demo- cratization of the existing reactionary trade unions by the sharpest struggle against the bureaucrats. ’ “The mistakes made By the Ameri- can party recently havé been of an ultra-left character. Some comrades underestimate the importance of the formation of a left wing in the trade unions. In this connection the party must take up a clear attitude and stress the importance of the left wing. On the other hand, howeyer, it must avoid an assimilation of the party by the left wing. Other mistakes, ultra- left mistakes, were madé in various cases where impossible ¢: ditions were set before the worker as preliminary to joint action. = “It is not permissiblé* that 32 per cent of the party membeyghip is not in tradé tradé unions. We can only pai; fe success if the, whole party really takes part in the, trade union work.” 19) Troublemaker Returns to Ambassadorial Post (Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK, Aprij 5.--Alanson’ B. Haughton, American ambassador to Great Britain, sailed onjthe Majestic today to resume his post, after having rendered a report to President Coo- lidge on European affairs. The am- bassador said his return to London was sufficient comment on rumors that he was to resign. Sir Rebort Horne, formerly chancel- lor of the British exchequer, also sailed on the Majestic. 3rd Thru the 4th Convention . A history of the di ferent stages of development of t American Communist Movement and ite problems, a, 10 Cents, ae at The Fourth ., National zal All the resolutions: theses, declarations of the last convention of the Workers (Com, munist) Party. 60 Cents. In the dan Dictatorship ve Democracy By Leon Trotsky. Ay} Vag J which has writers in Communist Movement, From any Daily Worker Agent or The Daily Worker» Pub, Co. ™ 1113 W. Washington Blvd. Chicago, Il, By C. E. Ruthenberg:| The Menace of Opportunism By Max Bedacht. SCIENTISTS ATM TO DISCOVER WHAT EARTH'S WEIGHT IS Seek Also Revised Rule’ for Gravitation (Special to The Daliy Worker) WASHINGTON, April 5—In a cay- ern of grave-like silence far beneath the government’s scientific laborator- ies at the bureau of standards, experts are laboring night and day completing an investigation expected to deter- mine two things: first, a revised formula for calculating more accur- ately the force of gravitation; and secondly, the weight of the world. For 30 years scientific men have used the figures 6.66 as the gravitation constant. Three years of remarkable delving into nature’s fundamental laws by Dr. Paul R. Heyl, of the bu- rean of standards, have changed this constant to 6.658. Another 18 months work, by which time the experiment will be completed, may contribute two more decimals to the constant,—one more step in man’s conquest of the great secret of the universe. Value of Research, “Accurate determination of the con- stant will be of immense value to astronomers and geophysists,” Dr. Heyl stated today. “Gravitational laws already are being used in the southwest in the search for oil de- posits. Possibly later thru better knowledge of these laws ore deposits may be discovered.” An Inconceivaple Weight. In round numbers the earth weighs 6,000,000,000,000,000,000 tons, a figure utterly inconceivable to the ordinary person. Weighing of the-world is of scientific importance because it is a starting point from which are obtain- ed the masses of the moon, the sun and the planets, Dr. Keyl explained. “Knowledge of the world’s mass en- ables us to learn something about the interior of'the earth which no one can hope to investigate directly,” Heyl continued. The scientific studies may result in the discovery of minerals more pre- cious than platinum and more useful than iron and copper. Coal Miners Working in Chicago Believe It _ Needs Organization Two union miners laid off at Kin- caid, Ill, came to Chicago and took’ jobs in a coal yard. They were put on piecework so they went at it with top strength loading.bags and delivering CONDUCTED - BY TH. HE. Pioneer section, which is an- other very important part of our activity in this district, has never really been organized. The only work that has been done in this direction is sporadic attempts of individual com- rades, but never under the direct su- pervision of the district executive com- mittee. This not only concerns’ Pitts- burgh, but each unit on the outside of Pittsburgh. A real effort must be made to build the Pioneer groups in each town where there is a unit exist- ing of the league. This work must be carried on with as much pep and vigor as the comrades can put into it. The next thing which confronts the district executive committee is the question of educating the membership and raising its political.level; that -is the agitprop must, with the help of the units, arrange some system of edu- cation in the different units of the league. In Pittsburgh each and every comrade must attend the classes of the party which are run jointly by the league and the party. There is no excuse for the comrades not attend- ing these classes. The agitprop com- i lpsee latest issue of the official organ of the executive committee of the Young Communist International, the International Youth, has just arrived. The contents far surpass the former issue. Among the leading articles are: The Austrian Youth and the U. S. S. R., Congresses of the Young Workers and Peasarits in France, Our Achieve- The Workers’ Sport Alliance, one of the workers’ sport organizations, participating in this conference, can be given credit for getting this confer- ence called, which will unite all the workers’ sport organizations under one central body (the Labér Sports Union), this organization being the initiator of this conference. The en- thusiasm over the conference is run- ning high, many of the delegates de- ploring that a conference like this was not called sooner. There is to be a final meeting of this conference at the Finnish Workers’ Temple some time this month. All the details of the con- ference will be wound up in the pro- them to homes. In some cases they had to carry the coal to the third story. After 6 hours they handed in their. slips and got $1.50 apiece or 30¢, an hour. They quit. Another southern Illinois miner at the Chicago Pottery, works for 41c. an hour, 12 hours a day, another in the Northwestern railroad shops at 45c. an hour, another in a machine shop Young Worker Class in Correspondence Is Postponed to April 7 The young worker correspondence class that was to have been held on Wednesday, March 31, under the for 50c. an hour, 48 hours, $24 a week, They all think Chicago jobs need a lot of unionization. 4 Huge Quarry Merger. The merging of seventy limestone plants and quarries thruout Indiana into a single $50,000,000 corporation was announced here today by Law- rence Whiting, Chicago banker. Whiting will head thé new combine as chairman of the board of directors, New York, Cleveland and Chicago banking interests are behind the pro- ject. ay at The revolutionary movement has its | dangers from within. Unless it can guard the crystal clearness of the prin- ciples and policies that lead to power, Convention i its progress is retarded—and the move- auspices of the Freiheit Yugend Club, was not held on account of the heavy storm of that night. The meeting was postponed to Wednesday, April 7, at 9 p. m. at the Freiheit hall, 3209 W. Roosevelt road. " This will be the first organization meeting of the class and as the class will be carried on in a collective form want to join will please come on time. THE ACTIVITIES OF SECTION 10, Y. W. L.. NEW YORK. ' A FTER our league was reorganized our section consisted of eighteen members and was divided into three concentration groups. Five comrades dropped out, Two comrades left New York and one was transferred to an- trades were assigned to our section. One, C. S., did not function. I realized that and suggested to the members of the executive committeé to reorganize two concentration groups. This was done at the next meeting,’ . It was decided that the most active comrades be put in each concentra- tion group in order to make them function. This seems to be quite suc- cessful. One of our comrades was sent into a shoe factory and agitated among the workers to organize into a ment endangered. Anverican movement, these rs have become apparent. This. timely booklet completely annihilates »»| the distorters of revolutionary prin- «| ciples and is an invaluable «| correct road for American Labor. ’ Clarity of principle is essential to cor- reet policies. This booklet is a splendid contribution to Communist clarity. ide to the 15 Cents. PARTY ORGANIZATION With an Introduction by JAY LOVESTONE. A most essential pamphlet for every Communist and those who would learn the form of organization of the American Communist Movement. stitution, organizational charts, plans for shop nuclei, etc. Con- 15 Cents . union and distributed some Young UNG WORKERS LEAGUE Problems of the Pittsburgh League By GEORGE PAPCUN. mittee must get after the comrades and get theni to attend these classes. On the outside of Pittsburgh efforts must be made to organize a class, The next important question is the systematic organization of Young Workers’ correspondence groups, not only the comrades of the Young Work- ers’ League must be urged to write to the Young Worker but groups of non-league members must be formed and an effort must be made to get them to write articles on the condi- tions in the shops to the Young Worker. This will make it much easier to gét subs to the Young Worker. The Pittsburgh league must connect itself up with the basic industries of the city, which has not been done be- fore, At present our connections are very weak. We must see that our league in Pittsburgh is built on the basic industries. Some of the comrades might think that an analysis of the situation and the things said above are unnecessary or they might think it is untrue. These comrades should write in their opin- ions and plans to the district com mittee! « Latest Issue: The International of Youth ments, by V.*Bulakh; The Frankfort Olympiad and Workers’ Sports, -by Milan Milanovitch; the Anti-Christian Movement ‘in China, by N. Flokin; Lenin on War, Lenin and the Youth, by R. Schueller. Rush your orders now. Single copy 15 cents. Bundle orders, 10 cents per copy. The Workers’ Sport Conference of Detroit . By A, ZIBEN. gram for the organization of a central workers’ sport body and will be ready to submit back for ratification by the clubs participating in this conference. The program of this conference is endorsed by all the clubs, or a ma- jority of them, and it will mean that plans will immediately be drawn up by the newly-organized body for an all-around sport meeting early this summer, This meeting most likely will be held out at the Finnish Work+ ers’ Athletic Club, a 100-acre country Place. “It may be mentioned that the Finns are already getting in trim for the track and other field events where the competition will be the keenest, Workers. Now he is laid off because there is no work. Another comrade, B. was sent into the Coney Island Laundry and he reported that condi- tions there are very bad. There are many young workers .and they are compelled to work six days a week and twelve hours a day and their wages are from $12 to $17 a week. The comrade sent to this place tried to explain to the workers that condi- tions are bad and the boss found that he was doing this and fired him the next day. Now he is working in the Brighton Laundry, where conditions are the same. I think that there is a and will have to be organized all who | other section, Then three other com-| cessful. Possibility of carrying on a campaign and we will take it up at the next sec- tion executive committee meeting. We also decided to carry on a cam- paign in Comrade L.’s shop. It is a quilting factory where about 80 young girls are employed. The wages are between $12 and $18 under a speed-up system. They have to work 49 hours a week. Comrade L, worked there over five years and gets only $18 a week. This is the highest. Now, about our educational work: We have a class, but it is not sue- It is being held on Sunday morning and the comrades do not come. I suggested that we have the class on a week-day evening, but the comrades do not seem to be much in- terested and a few expressed opinions that the instructor is not good enough. We will have to solve this problem, because we must educate ourselves. Our forces are very much limited, Only about four comrades do all the work, but we are trying our best to do as much as possible in this section for our, movement and draw .the other comrades into the work, — PASSAIC TEXTILE STRIKE. True Story of a Young Striker. ‘By Herself. I am 16 years old. My father died 6 years ago. It was very hard for us to live. We never had coal in the cellar unless we picked it on the dumps, even while my father was alive, for he only made $15 a week, The house in which we lived had holes in the floor and the wind just blew in thru the broken windows and doors. My youngest brother was 4 months old, The other children were 1 year, 3 years, 6 years, 10 years, 14 years and 16 years, We were all small when my father left us, My brother worked as a machinist in the handkerchief factory and he got $15 a week. My sister worked in the Botany. She got from $16 to $19, My mother worked in the handkerchief factory and she got from $24 to $30 sabes Come Ahead Into the Young Workers Leag for two weeks. We never buy our clothes. We only have clothes when someone give them to us. ‘When I was 14 years old I wanted to'get a job in Botany. I thot it was a heaven, while it's just a hell hole. I went every morning to Botany to get a job, thru one whole year. Then at last I got a job in June, 1925. I was a needle cleaner, I had 12 machines to clean after the wool ran off 2 to 3 times a day. Sometimes I didn’t have time to eat. I received from $8 to $10 a week, When I asked for a raise he told me I was too small to wet even $8 a week. I was too small to get that much money, but I did the work just the same as a girl of / twenty, I had to sit under the ma- chine all day on a small stool. My legs were sore at the end of the day, Any minute you could get your hands smashed, and besides I had to help around with the other work, too, Stella Kenefal, age 16, se ee RENAN MA ee art orale stdhaaanidcnivaneraae! nee +