The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 25, 1926, Page 2

SAP TECAR EEE 4 i Page Two THE DAILY; WORKER SENATE WAR ON ITALIAN DEBT | u tress First, Says Howell tions thus completed. tal which is minded, are many patients who really do not belong here. Many of them are shell-shocked soldiers. of mental defects are placed in the same room withth e incurable and (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Feb, 23.—Opposi- tion to the Italian debt settlement negotiated by Metion, Hoover, Kellogg and Smoot has grown rapidly in the . past few weeks. Smoot, chairman of t the senate finance committee, now is doubtful of his ability to force thru the scheme, Sen, Howell of Nebraska, leading the opposition in the senate on this issue declares that the people of the United States will not tolerate it. He promises to make a long fight on the Italian deal when Smoot brings it before the senate. Smoot is so fully aware of the difficulty ahead that “he has postponed all consideration of the Italian settlement until he shall have secured a vote on the Belgian, the Roumanian, the Checho-Slovakian and the other pending debt contracts which are less bountiful in their generosity. Howell’s attitude is one of refusal to agree to cancellation of the war debts until something shall have been done by the government of the Un- ited States to relieve the economic distress of the farmers. He refuses to see any need for presenting $3,500,- 000,000 to Mussolini’s government, He argues that the terms granted by Mellon and Smoot to the British were liberal enough. The eleven debt set- tlements thus far signed, he says, in- volve cancellation of $8,000,000,000 legally due the American treasury. Howell will ask the senate to repudi- ate this action by its debt commission, because congress never authorized any such cancellation. Only a few senators agree with Ho- well in his economic attitude toward the Italian settlement. A large majo- rity of the regular republicans and at least a minority of the democrats would vote for ratification if that were the only thing involved. But the political dynamite in voting to give $3,500,000,000 to Mussolini is another matter. All over the country resolu- tions have been adopted, calling at- tention to the fascist terror in Italy. The massacre of the free masons in Florence by the black shirts is one of the incidents that is playing a big part in the opposition. Destruction of Italian trade unionism, Italian coop- eratives and Italian rural credit socie- ties—the latter almost exlusively built by catholic workmen and farmers— have been talked over in almost every voting precinct. The recent sword- rattling by Mussolini, directed at Austria and Germany, has created new distrust of the debt settlement pact. Progressives in Congress say that America must now choose wheth- er it shall help Mussolini to establish a bank credit on which he can prepare for a new war. Smoot, nevertheless, refuses to ad- mit that he is beaten. He says he will bring the Italian settlement up for a vote before congress adjourns. He counts on strong democratic backing. Papcun to Speak at I. L. D. Dance in Glassport, March 6 GLASSPORT, Pa., Feb. 23 — The Glassport International Labor Defense and the Young Workers League will hold a dance Saturday, March 6, at 7 p. m. on Vernon Ave. between 9th and 10th St. The Croatian orchestra Tamburica will play for the dance. George Pap- cun who is out on bail will speak. He will speak on the “Persecution of the workers in the United States.” Trumbull Will Speak in Kansas City in March KANSAS CITY, Mo., Feb, 23—Wal- ter Trumbull, class war prisoner who was released from Alcatraz military discipline barracks, will speak at the Musicians’ Hall, 1017 Washington St., Tuesday evening, March 2 at 8 p. m. Workers are urged to come and meet and hear this fighter tell his story. The meeting is held under the aus- pices of the Local International La- bor Defense. The Biggest Event of the Year! Costumes ments of “hospital” rules. tions is met with severe clubbings. sent to Polish Communist weekly, by one of the ex-service men in the hospital, vividly portrays the Howard Hall of the hospital: Filipino wars. was wounded both in legs and body. For this I now receive $30 per month pension, Africa—like the Negro in America before 1861. A watchman sits by my door day and night. I am in a room 5x7 foot, on the third floor, not very far from the capitol. Across from me | —— is J. A. Wood, he is here 23 years. I am the only Pole here. Hall division there are 200 patients. We are not permitted even to have a cup for drinking water. dish that I use for my toilet, I use to drink water. my board. They feed us corn beef, bologna and codfish. or vegetables. only in Polish, but cannot send any letters from here. out by a friendly janitor. God knows how long he will last—they change application for a writ of habeas corpus this I was beaten by the warden for three days. On the third day, I was} $100 in Cash Prizes for Best Whitewash Administration, This hospital has been investigated a number of times, “4 ? ae. | the administration has been whitewashed, some of the minor officials made Relieve Farmers’ Dis-| Soom aner 9 remanence rena a emenee (PATIENTS IN FEDERAL HOSPITAL BRUTALLY BEATEN BY ATTENDANTS WASHINGTON, Feb. 23,—Patients in the Saint Elizabeth Hospital here, which is owned by the government, are brutally beaten for minor infringe- The patients are not allowed to send letters | | to the outside world and the food that is given them is the worse that can be procured. SOVIET UNION MAINTAINS ARMY OF HALF MILLION Ready to Defend Work- ers at All Times Each time MOSCOW, U. S, S, R., Feb. 23—The he goats and the whitewash expedi-+ In this hospi- meant for the feeble- Curable cases hopelessly insane. Any protest from he prisoner as to the rotten condi- The following letter, which was the Trybuna Robotnicza, conditions in ‘Dear Editor: “I am a veteran of the Spanish and In the Philippines I Kept Like Slave. “I am kept here like a slave in dark “Nobody can see us. In Howard The same My salary goes for No milk, fruit I can receive letters This letter I sent them every six months, Beaten For Letter. Every way to the courts is blocked for me. In October, 1924, I sent an asking the courts to help me, For unconscious for two hours. I have marks of that beating. “Every day patients are beaten here. They beat them nearly to death. Not long ago patients William Green, John Streets and William Lewis were beaten nearly to death. There were many others whose names I do not remember. They were beaten for com- | plaining about the bad food and for accusing officers of stealing money, and other little things and for at- tempting to send out a letter. In the last two years I was beaten 16 times. Half of the patients here have been beaten so that they dare not speak. “Many of the patients have syphilis and other diseases. Those who are healthy are forced to eat from the same dishes, use the same clothes, razors, soap and brushes. “Three months ago someone sent a fixed strength of Soviet Russia’s “Red Army” is 526,000, War Commis- sar Voroshiloff announced on the eighth anniversary of the formation of the army. This is the first official announcement of the size of the Rus- sian army since the retirement of Leon Trotsky as the Soviet war com- missar. Derides Capitalist War-Lords. “The Red Army Jubilee,” Voroshi- loff said, “coincides with the noise of the league of nations on the subject of disarmament, ‘We are forced to say that the workmen of the Soviet Union cannot take stock in the dec- laration of imperialist governments on disarmament. “We realize fully that real disarma- ment would enable the workers of these lands to breathe freely but the conversations of the imperialist gov- ernments are aimed only at curtail- 7 re When Socialists Speak for Themselves We Find Comment Is Unnecessary By J. LOUIS ENGDAHL. | is not difficult to see in every issue of the few remaining socialist publications, and in their every public utterance, how the socialists are playing the employers’ game. | have just.come from the Passaic strike zone, where 10,000 workérs are on the battle line fighting against wage reductions. They came out without an organization. They are waging a brave fight. In the Passaic strike, the mill owners and their press are using every available means to divide and confuse the work- ers. Denouncing the Communists and claiming that it is a Communist strike, is one of these methods used by the bosses, in the hope that that will frighten the strikers. Yet it does not have that effect. The strikers keep their eyes on their demands for the 10 per cent wage increase and the shorter work-week, stick together and fight on. * 2 * @ Yet when | return to New York City and pick up a copy of the local socialist sheet, The New Leader, and turn to a page carrying a department with the heading, “The Socialist Party at Work,” surely very dirty work, | read the follow- COMMISSAR OF WAR VOROSHILOFF Build New Bacon Factory, MOSCOW, U.S. S. R., (Tass)—Feb. 23.—The foreign markets have put up an increased demand for Soviet ba- con. At present, there are only 10 bacon factories in the Union. In or-| der to supply the demand, a new ba-| con factory ig being constructed in} the Kursk district. Two Danish spe- cialists are supervising construction. The entire process of production up to the smallest details will be mechan- ized at the Kursk bacon factory. ing the armies of their opponents.” Washington Conference Failure. Voroshiloff cited the proposed Unit- ed States appropriation of $302,000,000 for naval expenditures as proof of America’s insincerity to disarm and as indicating the failure of the Washing- ton disarmament conference. Voroshil- off recomended the militarization of all high schools. In his speech on the eighth anni- versary of the formation of the army of the workers’ and farmers’ govern- ment he points out that the imperialist nations are planning greater and greater armaments—increasing their armies and navies—while the Soviet Union has reduced its standing army to 526,000 but stands prepared at any time to defend the union against in- vasion. Sanguine estimates. General Cigar makes about 650,000,000 cigars a year, about one tenth of the country’s total. Of this output about 400,000,000 were produced last year by machinery. Says The Wall Street Journal: Machines Displace Workers, “General Cigar is turning more and !more to the use of machinery in the manufacture of its cigars. It now has in operation 432 machines of the International Cigar Machinery Co. Orders have been placed for 100 ad- ditional machines. Incidentally, it willl pay royalties this year to the cigar machinery company of some- letter to United States Senator W. C. Bruce, telling of these conditions in the hospital. The senator had a grand jury called to investigate the hospital in Sept. 1925. But as the hospital be- longs to the government, they cleaned things up before the investigation. Clean Up Before Investigation, “On the day of the investigation, we had baked meat, milk, potatoes, fruits, sugar, butter and fresh bread. This was but for one day. On that day they let us out for fresh air and nobody was beaten. The whole hospi- tal was looking like a mirror, “My father is in Oakland, Wiscon- sin, R. F, D. 1, Box 46, but he can do nothing for me. I was born there in 1876. I have two sons, one 16 ad the other 17 years of age. “With tears in my eyes, I plead to you to publish this letter and get help for me, “Yours, : “Frank Kuezynski.” “The power of the working class is organization. Without organization of what over $400,000. Royalties are based on a rate of $1 a 1,000 cigars, so this is figured on a machine out- put of 400,000,000 cigars.” An increase of $1,000,000 in the com- pany’s property account during the year is largely machinery. To this extent capital is taking the place of labor. so much cash representing surplus profits over and above dividends that it is becoming a money lender in Wall Street to the extent of about $4,000,- 000. AUTOMATIC MACHINERY DISPLACES MANY CIGAR MAKERS; CRAFT UNION UNABLE TO MEET WITH SITUATION By LELAND OLDS, Federated Press. The steady undermining of the Gigar Makers’ Union by automatic ma- chinery is reflected in the annual reports of two leading cigar companies. The industrial revolution in the industry is transferring, money from the wages column to the profit side of the ledger, General Cigar Co. reports a 1925 profit of $2,657;490. This means a return of nearly 12% fdr the holders of common stock. Street Journal it. exceeds the most ¢——___—_—___4 General Cigar has on hand| Accoming to The Wall make 1925 such a good year for Con- solidated Cigar. It is estimated thai Consolidated Cigar will turn out about 350,000,000 cigars this year. Large quantity production is made possible by the use of machinery. The com: pany now has 1,500 machines in use, and has ordered a large number of additional units.” Census bureau statistics show the steady decline in the number of work- ers engaged in the industry and in the share which they receive of the value produced, Between 1914 and 1923 the number of wage earners in the cigar and cigaret industry declined from 152,900 to 130,000 tho the production of cigars nearly held its own while the production of cigarets increased five- fold. Expressed in’ percentages the number of workers fell 15%, the total paid in wages increased 58% but the value produced by the industry in- creased 145%. .The workers’ share of the value produced fell from 37% in 1914 to 24% in 1923. . The Cigarmakers’ International un- ion reflects this change in a decline in membership from 39,400 in 1915 to The Consolidated Cigar Corp. is al- so increasing its profits at the ex- pense of wages by wholesale introduc- tion of machinery, In 1925 after pay- ment of fixed charges and taxes this company had a profit of $1,523,162 or $8.50 a share on the no-par common stock. As the stock has a value of about $50 a share this means a return of approximately 17% for the stock- holders, Says The Wall Street Jour- nal: Quantity Production, “Concentration on the lower-priced brands of cigars, extensive advertis- the masses, the proletariat—is noth- ing. Organized—it is all. Organiza tion is unanimity of action, unanimity of practical activities.” Fourth Annual Red Revel MASQUERADE BALL Auspices Workers (Communist) Party, Local Chicago. ing and the ‘increasing use of ma- chinery—coupled of course with a gain in consumption thruout the coun- try in the final months—combined to CHICAGO, ILL. at Temple Hall, Marshfield Avenue and Van Buren Street Admission 50c in Advance, 75c at the Door 23,500 in 1925. This is a drop of 40%. Here we see the results in just one sector of the losses suffered by craft unionism in the advance of the auto- matic machine. South African Color Bar Provokes Indians to Retaliatory Acts (Special to Thé Daily Worker) CALCUTTA, India, Feb. 23 — The city government has instructed its of- ficials that in the future they are to buy no goods of South African origin and make no contracts with any white citizen of the Union of South Africa. This is in retaliation for the passage by the South African assembly of a bill declaring an official color bar against the natives and natives of India, The haughty declaration of General Herzog, the premier of the union, that it would be wasting time to hear the arguments of the colored races against the measure has en- raged all classes in India, As the union is @ British colony and India also is, the situation has created a very difficult state of affairs, NEW YORK— (FP)— Although 25,000 men are busy shovelling snow from New York streets, next year’s storms will see more machines and fewer men on the job. Tho snowload- ing machines which fill a 6-ton truck in 3 minutes by endless chain is prov- ing such a success that the present 22 used will be increased to 100 by next season. Crogs walk cleaners and snow plows are other mechanical de- vices which take: jobs from the many migratory workers who drift into New York annually and wait for snow to give them winter employment. ing: “Miller of Pat ic reported that mills was led by Communists who desired it more as a publicity stunt for themselves than anything else .. Evidently the socialist editor in New York, who per- mitted that to get into his paper, thinks it is a light matter to engage in a struggle concerning the lives and welfare of 10,000 workers, men, women and children. account for the deliberate tearing to pieces of workers’ or- ganizations, by the socialists when they behold their policies of betrayal being overwhelmingly repudiated. * * * 8 Thus it is natural that in the same issue there should be a glorification of the fact that the left wing spokesman in the Scranton convention of the anthracite miners was denied the right to speak and unseated in the convention. Here is what The New Leader has to say: “One Communist was ousted by the delegates at Scranton. In June, 1923, another convention in the same city chased several out of An organization whose publications continually denounce all as scoundrels, fakers and betrayers of the working class ..., has only itself to thank when it meets retaliation,” Workers may be prepared to have the socialists rewrite their attitude in years past in other labor disputes. At the present rate, they may be expected soon to glorify the kid- napping and placing on trial for murder of Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone, for instance, for waging a struggle against town, non-Communis' the enemies of the metal mine te * Anything is possible it seems, for the socialists. entire change of policy within a few years on the question of the league of nations is a very festo of the socialist party adopted in 1919 there is found the following: “The so-called league of nations national against the risé of the working class. alliance of the capitalists of all nations against the workers of all nations,” Yet already in its convention of 1920 it is calling upon the capitalist government of the United States to “initiate a movement to dissolve the mischievous organization called the ‘league of nations’ and to create an international parlia- ment, composed of democratically elected representatives of all nations of the world.” This would of course still be a capitalist international warring against the only workers’ international, the Com- Now the socialists throw off the mask completely and thru their chosen spokesman, Morris Hillquit, announce that they want the United States to join the league munist International. of nations. Further comment should certainly not be necessary. the strike in the Passaic Worsted ” This may help workers of the west. * * Their good example. In the mani- is the capitalist black inter- It is the conscious SHIP SEIZURES LEAD T0 CLOSING OF CANTON PORT Foreign . Administrators Block Traffic (Special to The Dally Worker? HONGKONG, Feb, 23.—The ctis- toms commissioner at Canton has closed that port and Whampoa fol- lowing an alleged violation of treaties by the Canton strike committee in seizing and selling the seized cargoes. Ships of many nations have been held up by the order, The administration of the Chinese customs is in the hands of the Brit- ish. This summary action is another indication of the tension between the nationalist movement and the foreign imperialist groups, RTs; 8 Men of God Flee. HANKOW, Feb, 23.—Most of the Americans in the danger zone at Sinyangchow have been removed to safety. Eight of them, missionaries, have reached this city. he 7-2 @ Report Wu Pei-fu’s Death, PEKING, Feb. 23, — Kuominchun sources report, the assassination of Gen. Wu Pel-fu while attending memorial services in Hankow in honor of Gen, Hsia Yao-Nan, governor of Hupeh province, There has been no further confirmation of the news, SYDNEY—(FP)—The 44-hour week in New South Wales has caused a de- elded reduction in unemployment, without any reduction in the weekly wages, : Get your tickets now for the inter. national concért of the T, U. E, L., Sat., March 13, at 8th pl oe { FOURTH ANNUAL RED REVEL AT TEMPLE HALL ON SATURDAY NIGHT The Fourth Annual Red Revel given by the Chicago Workers (Communist) Party will be held at Temple Hall, Van Buren and Marsh- TRIAL EXPOSES MURDER GANG OF GERMAN FASCISTI Show Nationalists Killed Political Enemies (Special to The Daily Worker) BERLIN, (By Mail)—The secret trial of the eleven members of the “Black Reichswehr” charged with the murder of a German soldier named Panier ended in the imposition of four death sentences, sentences of impris- onment against two for three years and nine months, respectively, and five acquittals. The fact that the trial was secret prevented the full public exposure of the methods of this fascist organization but from the nationalist press itself sufficiently repulsive de- tails have been*gleaned. The “Black Reichswehr” is an ille- gal military organization formed with the connivance of the government— particularly of Dr. Gessler, then, and now, minister of defense—to forestall the threatening revolution in 1923. In- cidentally, it provided the allies with their grounds for last year’s postpone- ment of the evacuaton of Cologne. “Teutonic Law.” Within the “Black Reichswehr” there existed a gang nicknamed the “Black Hand.” That body’s function was, in the words of a nationalist newspaper, “to carry out the sentences dictated by Teutonic law” against traitors within the ranks of the “Black Reichswehr.” ‘ Thru the agency of the “Black Hand” nearly 100 young men are esti- mated to have disappeared. One of these was a soldier named Panier. For his murder the 11 were brot to trial. He was suspected by the “Black Hand” of being a Communist spy, and was placed on the condemned list. He got wind of the plan to kiN him, and escaped to Berlin. But he was pur- sued by the “Black Hand,” and ar- rested by three of its members, clad in Reichswehr uniforms, Appeal to Police. On the way back to the railway sta- tion Panier appealed to a policeman for protection, and was, with his three captors, taken to the nearest police station. Here the officer in charge telephoned to the headgqrarters of the regular Reichswehr, and was instruct- ed to send the four men there. The Reichswehr authorities sent Panier and his guard back to the bar- racks of the “Black Reichswehr” in Doeberitz. Thence Panier was trans- ported to an isolated barrack in Els- grunf, where the executors of the “Black Hand,” one Klapproth, carried out the death sentence with an iron bar. After Panier’s clothing had been rifled the mutilated body was buried and the ground carefully levelled. However, the deed leaked out, and the body was recovered. It was im- possible to avoid trial. To keep the proceedings secret was the last resort of the high patrons of this murder organization. Communists Chief Victims. The Communists were the chief vic tims of this gang of murderers. Doz- ens of them were horribly slain. The “Black Reichwehr” carried on its work all during the social-democratic regimes. The participation by them in the various coalition cabinets have made them directly responsible, quite as much as the nationalists them- selves. Exclusion of Countess Alarms Big Businessmen (Special to The Dally Worker) WASHINGTON, Feb. 22.—Now that Secretary Davis has ruled that the British countess Cathcart is to be ex- cluded from the United States be- cause she once ran away with a mar- ried man, official Washington is be- field Avenues Saturday night, Feb. 27, 1926, ‘ Tickets for the Red Revel can be bought at The DAILY WORKER, Vilnis, Radnik Book Store, Ny Tid, at the local office, 19 South Lincoln St. and from party members. Buy your tickets early, Shop and street nuclei secretaries are asked to set- tle for their tickets at the earliest possible opportunity. Soviets Build Roads. MOSCOW, U. 8. 8, R., Feb, 23.--The first footpath has been opened in the Murman district in the swamps be- tween the villages Pud-Osero and Le- vozero and is 86 kilometérs long. The building of this unique road in the swamps is of great importance, as until now the comparatively large commercial center, Lovo-Ozero could communicate with the outside world only in winter, when sleigh traffic was possible, During the rest of the year, all the villages were entirely cut off from each other. Measures are taken to convert this path into a road for carts, This will be complet- ‘d during the coming summer, New York Academy Honors Russian MOSCOW, U, 8. 8. R. (Tass) Febb. 24—Prof. Tarle of the Leningrad State University has been elected active member of the New York Academy of Political Sciences.» There has not been a single Soviet scientist among the active members of this academy for the last few years, Tho election is due to his works on the economic history of France and of Western Purope, ‘ ginning to feel alarmed at the prece- dent. Unless the courts shall reverse Davis’ ruling, the American immigra- tion authorities have been committed by this incident to making a scrutiny of the domestic past of all prominent visitors, no,matter how embarrassing to international relations. There was, for instance, the mis- tress of a famous London editor, who was one of the leading social enter- tainers among the British notables who surrounded Arthur Balfour when he came to Washington to write the Washington naval limitation treaties. Her kind must come to this country no more, And scores of titled .French- men and Italians will fail to pass the same teat, if their governments shall send them here on missions. Or, will the test of “moral turpitude,” ap- plied to private individuals, be waived in the case of public characters? Hundreds of American business men and politicians who have run away with women to whom they were not married are disturbed at the rul- ing, for fear the British and French governments may retaliate, They may find it difficult to travel to Europe henceforth, LYNN, Mass.—(FP)—Union build- ing trades’ workers are giving their labor to convert the three story build- ing at 620 Washington street, into the Lynn Labor Temple, They will re ceive shares of stock in the associa: tion that is to buy the building, Put a copy of the DAILY WORKER in your pocket when union mgeting. you go to your —— ]