The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 20, 1926, Page 3

* j | eT a eM SIRS ge A U.S, TRIES T0 WHITEWASH THE GOAL OPERATORS Mine Director Wants to Hide Guilt By LELAND OLDS, The attempt of safety service di- rector Read of the U. S. bureau of mines to whitewash the coal owners for their disregard of miners’ lives is exposed by annual figures issued from his’own bureau. These, figures show that in the last decade there has been no progress in protecting the coun- ‘try’s coal diggers against hazards. The industry has been more interested in undermining the United Mine Work- ers, which is the chief force fighting for safety measures. Read asserts: Whitewash Operators. “The coal mining industry deserves great credit for what it has done in accident prevention work.” He is up- set because editors have charged the coal mining industry with reckless dis- regard of the lives of mine workers. He issued his whitewash to the Na- tional Coal Association, the employer organization. What are the facts? The fatality rate in 1924, was 1.59 miners per million hours of exposure in the industry. ‘With the exception ‘of 1922, we must go back to 1911 to find as high an accident death rate. The average fatality rate for the 3 years 1922-24 was 1.56 per million hours of exposure, This compares with an average of 1.47 for the 12 pre- ceding years. The fatality rate in the last 3 years for which full records have been published exceeds by more than 6 per cent the average of the preceding 12 years, The 5 years 1916-1920, in which the miner union was at the peak of its fatality rate fell far below the aver- age. The average per million hours exposure in these 5 years was 1.34. The average of 1.56 in the years 1922- 24 in which non-union mines were 16 per cent higher. If we picture the industry as manned by miners working steadily throughout the year this means 39 miners killed per 10,000 employed in the openshop period com- pared with 33 per 10,000 in the period of union dominance. Fatalities Twice as High. The fatality rate from explosions of coal dust and gas in the 3 years 1922-1924 when the industry was at- ‘tempting to break away from union conditions averaged more than twice as high as in the 5 years 1916-1920 when union conditions predominated. The figures are 0.11 per million hours. exposure in the union period and 0.28 in the open shop period. By actual count an average of 406 miners were killed in such disasters in 1922-24, compared with 203 per year in the earlier period. This striking failure of the indus- try to protect the miner’s life is re- flected in the tardiness with which coal operators are adopting rockdust- ing in dusty or gaseous mines as well as in their refusal to make general use of the cooler, short-flame explo- sives designated as “permissible ex- plosives” by the bureau of mines, Last year less than 25 per cent of the ex- plosives used in bituminous mines were permissible, Set Price on Labor. NEW ORLEANS—(FP)—In a cir- cular issued by New Orleans associa- ation of commerce to outside capital it is stated that “factory labor is not organized and the price for common labor ranges from $1.50 to $3 a day.” ~The Trade Union Congresses in Breslau, By A. LOSOVSKY, Secretary of the Red International of Labor Unions, The Vetring to the Left Con- tinues. (Scarborough.) The British Trades Union Congress in Scarborough is another step to the left of the entire British labor move- ment. This congress was anxiously looked forward to, both by the friends and enemies of the labor movement. The right wing of the Amsterdam In- ternational placed great hopes in this congress. Among the Amsterdamers there was the widespread opinion that last year's policy of the general trades union council was “purely the result of chance. The idea was that while the most prominent leaders were in the MacDonald government, their places had been taken by young and inexperienced people who initiat- ed a-new policy. The congress had only to meet and the old traditional order would be re-established. These were the hopes from which the reformists of all countries gained solace. They expected the access to power at this congress of worthy sup- porters of the clas truce, such as iv. position to Lausanne treaty with Turkey is still hopeful of preventing its approval is shown by the statement of David Hunter Miller, chairman of the Ame- rican committee opposed to the Lau- sanne treaty. The committee’s cam- paign ds based on the circulation of atrocity stories similar to those published during the world war against Germany. the subject. Turkish regime, he complains, would influence, were years in which the] be Austrian Prosecutor Declares Carniciu’s Release Is Illegal ‘VIENNA, Austria, Feb. 18, — The fascist justice of Austria released some time ago Mencia Carniciu who had been sentenced to eight years for the murder of the revolutionist Todor Panitza, on the grounds that her health did not allow her to serve the sentence. Now the general prosecutor of Austria has decided, that the release of the murderer was illegal. In the meantime, Mencia Carniciu returned to Bulgaria where she is honored as a heroine and her weak health seems to be completely repaired. The deci- sion of the Austrian prosecutor is rather late! MORGAN CROWD FIGHTS TURK RECOGNITION U. S. Committee Hands Out Atrocity Stuff (Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK, Feb. 18.—That the op- the ratification of the against the Turks, Mr. Miller feels quite strongly on The recognition of the “un-American.” , Even worse, it would be “un-christian,” he contends. The treaty, he explains, would auto- matically remove all the existing safe- guards for the “unselfish” American activities of religious and charitable forging ahead was 1.56 or more than] institutions in that reader need only recall that American imperialism uses these institutions as centers for its economic penetration in order to realize the “unselfishness” of these establishments. country. The No Golden Rule For Him. Rey. Dr. S, Parkes Cadman, a prom- inent minister of the city, has tele- graphed each member of the senate his protest against Turkish recogni- tion. added sanctimoniously that we must carry out our “commitment of honor to the unfortunate Armenian people.” This commitment was a scheme of In giving out this fact Miller the Morgan gang to have the United States take over the mandate for Ar- menia, in order to prevent its becom- ing Soviet, and because of its proxi- mity to the great oil fields of the Near East. U. S. Financiers Extend Hold on Latin America (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Feb. 18—American trade with Latin American countries crossed the two billion dollar mark in 1925, preaking all previous records, it was announced today by the depart- ment of commerce, The 1925 figures were $2,094,195,309, as compared with $1,985,341,351 in 1924; and were div- ided into imports of $1,133,801,864, and exports of $960,393,445. These statistics reveal how rapidly American finance imperialism is ex- tending its influences in South Amer- ica, Central America, and Mexico, gamation of all the elements dissat- isfied with the policy of the general council, etc. The Scarborough congress was to put into power these aspirants to lead- ership and then the British general council would, of course, revoke everything decided upon previously and would become a worthy member of the Amsterdam International, But in spite of the hopes of the right wing, the congress acted quite differ- ently, This finds its explanation first and foremost in the fact that the eco- nomic situation in Great Britain has become worse during this year and that very energetic work is carried on in Great Britain by the national minority movement, which ideologi- cally adheres to the R. I. L, U. Left Wing Conferen: The conference of the minority movement, held on the eve of the Scarborough congress and attended by over 600 delegates, representing about 750,000 people, came to a deci- sion on all the most important ques- tions agitating the British Trade Un- ion movement. This conference, ig- noring traditions, spoke without re- servation and called a spade a spade, ‘Thomas, Clynes, etc. International] thus causing a storm of indignation in reformism was setting its hopes on a|the entire bourgeois press. This press retrograde movement, because the|began to talk about Communism as a right elements within the British trade union movement had been car- rying on feverishly organizational work during the last few months. To people like Thomas, who had repeat- edly stated that he did not know to what class he belonged and that he is against the damnable class struggle, the veering to the left is something monstrous and irrational. As the veer- ing to the left is a menace to their policy of class truce, they energeti- cally took in hand the organization of national disaster and yet only a couple of years ago prominent poli- ticians had asserted that Communism could not possibly grow on British soil. . The Scarborough congress could not help reckaning with decisions which had met with much sympathy among the British workers, The minority conference was the inevitable prelude to the trades union congress, as it formulated in an unequivocal manner the aspirations and hopes of the most advanced section of the British trade rarae isha atispict, THE DAILY WORKER The New Juggernaut. Last Year Autos Killed 21,000 People in the United States, -0- British Discover Way to Extract Oil from Coal and Sewerage (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, Feb, 18 — Tle discovery of a process by which British coal resources may be much more eco- nomically utilized has been perfect- ed here. The “L. & N.” process, as the method has been. named by its two originators, Bryan Laing and Harold Nielsen, will produce thru the low. temperature distillation of coal a smokeless fuel for household pur- poses. and general industrial use, and gas at a much lower figure for city: consumers, As a matter of vital in- terst to Great Britain is that the dis- covery will make it possible by the complete and more efficient utilization of coal to produce electricity with its use as cheaply as from water powér. Oil from Sewerage. In actual operation the process has even proven that the sewerage of London, for the disposal of which the city pays a huge sum yearly, can be So, treated as to extract about 20 gal- lons- of oil per dry ton, Millions of gallons may be thus recovered by London alone. The solid residue, con- taining four per cent of calcium phos- phate, makes a splendid fertilizer, By- products from the coal process are an absolutely smokeless briquette and a powdered fuel which can be. stored indefinitely without risk of spontane- ous combustion and pumped and handled like oil. Discovery Interests Industrialists. The saving of from 10 to 15 per cent in the consumption of coal is 80 im- portant an item, being by far the largest, in manufacturing costé that British industrialists have displayed great interest in the discovery. A plant operating in Yorkshire to test out the possibilities is handling 100 tons of coal daily. The gas produced can be piped over a 75-mile radius at just one-half the costs under other systéms, Swedish Firm Opens Factory. MOSCOW, U. S. S. R.—(Tass).— Feb. 15—The large Swedish firm, “AGEA” is negotiating with the main concession committee on the comple- tion of a large electro-technical works in Yaroslav. The “AGEA” company commenced the erection of these works at the beginning of the. revolu- tion, but stopped work in November, 1918. The works have not been na- LEWIS SLOGANS SERVE RICH N. Y. MANUFACTURER (Contmued trom page 1), pickets will, the bosses agree to quit importing stabs. Second—Jf. the employers will get rid of their hired gorillas the unio will not becompelled to use pickets, Third—The union had no Conimun- ist leadership during the 12 weeks’ strike in 1912 and the 30 weeks’ strike in 1920. Tien why didn’t the employ- ers grant the demands of the workers at that time? Fourth—Tie employers talk about “law and orler,” but they do every- thing possibk to increase their profits, Fifth—The fur barons cannot den: that they hied squads of gorillas wh: beat up scoms of workers during th strikes of 142 and 1920 who were not Communists. Sixth—Thi plain why ‘hey are always talkin about the Ommunists and not about the condifftis of the workers, Seventh—They dare not even at- tempt to #@w that the industry i not rich en@gh to grant the demand of the workrs. } The Fur Workers’ Union assures the bosses tiat they will not be abl to fight th@workers with the foolis charges tht’ are circulating. anywhere wth such tactics. . the Real Issue. - The druggle started with a lock- out of 4000 workers when the bosses ps | fenew the agreement that expiredJan, 31. The union was force: to retakte with the strike of 12,00 workersin 800 shops. ploymen insurance, sociatior © May Da as a holiday, foremen no: to be penitted to work, to wipe ou the abu2 of several no divisii into classes. tionalized. About 1,500 workers will be employed. The works will pro- duce motors, transformers, etc. union movement. Thus, the extreme left wing came to the congress well- armed ideologically and politically. The right wing also came to the congress well organized. What was the task of the right wing? To set back as far as possible the British trade unions, to prevent the congress making any decisions dangerous to the bourgeoisie and to do its utmost to render futile all decisions which were directed against the class truce. The retrograde tactics of the right wing had some results. Whenever there was the least opportunity, this reactionary wing endeavored to re- strain the congress, fearing it might go too far. On four important questions the right wing suffered defeat. The con- gress veered mightily to the left with respect to a very delicate question in the labor movement—the colonial question, It is a well-known fact that for a long time the British proletariat was not only the actual but also the ideological participant in the exploit- ation of the colonies. To the average British trade union leader the exist- ence of the colonies wi matter of course and at the congresses of the British trade unions and of the la- bor party, decisions were based on the assumption that the existence of the British empire and the enslavement of the colonies are an unchangeable fact. There had not been a single de- cision in the history of the British trade union movement touching upon the question of the independence of colonial countries, It was necessary for the British labor movement to ex- perience the war, the Versailles peace, the Dawes plan, permanent unemploy- ment and the beginning’ of the disin- tegration of the British empire, to come to the recognition of the right of the enslaved colonies to separation, New Yor joint board. 4. THOMAS Agent tthe bourgeoisie apes his asters w high hat and silk glove: Thon Hides His Policy. The lea of the reactionary right wing of thiritish trade union move- ment, Thos, dared not unfold his colonial plsophy at this congress. What he u to say in his capacity of colonialeretary he was atraid to say from {platform of a workers’ congress. is one thing to give an interview the capacity of cabinet minister, tpeak at bourgeois ban- quets and sing the praises of the great Brit empire, promising to protect theods grabbed by the Bri- tish bourgde, and another thing to come to airkers’ congress and fe | employers should ex- It de- clares thatthe bosses will not get The principal demand are for the 40 hour week. Equal ‘ivision of work, to secure year-arond employment, and unem- These are being bitterly ought by the employers’ as- Other emands are for international | bound. unnecessary foremen, niversal minimum wage and The fuindustry in New York City is organid from 90 to 95 per cent. The strikis being directed from the unions’ @n home at 22 East 22nd street. In Gold is manager of the SEATTLE, Wash.—(FP)—Feb, 18. —Members of the local laundry own- Jan 22, announcing the establishment scind that action and declare that | Workers’ Union, up of the laundry business which would have followed their efforts to enforce a non-union policy. The management now states that it members of the jobs; that no non-member of the union y | will be employed, except in case there o}are no applications of members on | file ready and qualified for work, and charged except for cause. The committee of mediators who g|are attempting to iron out differences between the workers and the man- agements over wage increases and a Saturday half holiday will continue its s | Work.. This involves about 2,000 work- s ers, including inside workers, drivers and stationary engineers. The inside e |less their demands are granted, h | Their demands are for an $18 a week minimum and Saturday half holiday. The drivers who work on commission ask a guarantee of $35 per week in- stead of $25 as at present. Earl of Craven Unable d 10 MONTREAL, Feb, 18.—The Earl of Craven, who came here after his flight from New York to escape arrest and deportation for his elopment five years ago with the beautiful Lady Cathcart, found that his troubles have just begun, Montreal is ice-bound and snow The St. Lawrence river is t {clogged with ice and a blizzard has t | disrupted rail traffie to Halifax and other maritime ports, so the count’s plans for “departing from this bally country for Bermuda” have many ob- stacles. You do the job twice as well— when you distribute a bundle of The DAILY WORKER with your story in it. prove that the enslavement of hun- dreds of millions of colonial workers is profitable to British workers, The decision of the Scarborough congress to support the colonial peo- ples in their struggle, even for sep- aration from the empire, represents a turning point in the British labor movement. It means that consider- able sections of the British proletariat begin to understand that the freedom of the workers of the mother country cannot be built up on the enslavement of colonial workers, If one compares the decision of this congress with the decisions of the Amsterdam Interna- tional on this question, one will real- ize how much to the left of the offi- cial policy of the Amsterdam is the British trade union movement, Stand For Unity. The second important question on which the congress disappointed the leading nucleus of Amsterdam is the question of unity. As I have already stated there were great hopes among the leaders of the Amsterdam Inter- national that it would be possible to abrogate in Scarborough the decision of the Hull congress and to shelve the agreement of the general council and the All-Russian Central Trade Un- fon Council on the formation of an; |Anglo-Russian unity committee. The congress sorely disappointed the right Amsterdamers. It not only endorsed the agreement between the British and Soviet trade unions, but also adopted a decision which is certainly a step forward compared with Hull. A year ago most of the British trade union leaders thot international trade union unity possible only thru Am- Seattle Laundry Owners Will Hire Union Labor Only; Fear Strike Vote ers’ association who posted notices on of the open-shop policy now have is- sued other notices in which they re- they will continue to employ their help from members of the Laundry This backing down on the part of the employers postpones a general tie- will give preference in employment to Laundry Workers’ Union who must apply to the plant for that no union member will be dis- people (1,400) have voted to strike un- to Leave for Bermuda ‘Communist Editor on Trial Second Time; to Reduce Sentence BELGRADE, Feb, 18 — The Jugo- Slavian journalist Mesha Piyade, who issued some years ago an illegal Com- munist paper in Jugo-Slavia, was sen- enced to twenty years at hard labor This sentence frightened the bour- seols journalists. They publicly op- posed it and forced its annulment. A new trial against Piyade is now ta ing place and it is hoped by these journalists that the new sentence will be “only” four to five years in pris- on, SPOOKOLOGY, AN IMPOSSIBILITY, ~ SAYS SCIENTIST Most ‘Mediums’ Fakers, Is Professor’s Verdict PALO ALTO, Calif., Feb. 18.—After conducting 10,000 experiments, Prof. John Edgar Coover, of the psychology lepartment of .Stanford University, has decided that telepathy or thought transference by mediums or others, without special senses is an impossi- bility. In the course of his experi- ments, Professor Coover exploded the theory that a person being stared at turn to see who was looking. lieves that many mediums are sincere. Great numbers of them, however, are fakes, pure but hot by any méans simple, he declares. In his visits to meditms, Prof. Coover invariably con- tell him the ‘card selected from a deck. Tho he tried to transmit the thought to the medi- um, in every case the latter was un- able to name the card correctly. “Mediums must prove their power them,” Prof. Coover concludes. In his opinion most mediums delude themselves. They think a spirit is guiding them, he said, “but it is really their own imagination.” Roumanian Sigurantza Denounced by Author KISHENEV, Bessarabia, Feb.‘ 18.— dered more than 100 innocent people in the most bestial manner, was ac- quitted by the court of the Rouman- ian boyars. The well-known Rouman- ian author, Panait Istrati, and today one of the best-known writers in France, only recently visited his home country and experienced the methods of the siguranza. In an article on the Morarescu trial and on the condi- tions in Bessarabia and Roumania he declares: “Never have there been in history such bloody crimes, even the red Sul- envy. And all this happens in peace time and at the doors of Western Eu- rope. The main ringleaders are offic- ers of the regular army and are se- lected by the government.” Istrati points out the fact that when he dared to write about the government by ter- ror Bratianu in Bessarabia and to re- fer to the prisons which resound from the whole Roumanian press in the the cries of the innocent prisoners, service of the boyars slandered htm,| The Morarescu trial, said Istrati, sur-| passed all the well known eterrors and crimes of the siguranza and the offic: jly rotten Coolidge go would become aware of the fact and} tne He be-| founded them by asking them to} which he had} before scientific men will believe in| Lieutenant Morarescu, altho he mur-! jsembled at its regular general meet- jing of February 7, 1926, tan Adul Hamid ought to blush with/ Page Inree GREEK WORKERS FIGHT AGAINST REGISTRATION Urge Support of Foreign- Born Councils The foreign-born workers of Chir ago are becoming aroused against the attempt at industrial conscription and enslavement advocated by the Coolidge-Mellon government and be- ing spread broadcast by the secre- jtary of labor, James J. Davis. They realize full well that such legislation as the proposed finger-printing of foreign-born workers is only a prelim- inary ‘to the systematic terrorization of all workers. Recently the Greek Workers’ Edu- cational League held a meeting in Hull House where the assemblage was address on this subject by speak- ers familiar with the menace contain+ ed in the registration scheme and adopted the following resolutions, call- ing upon other foreign-born workers to take similar action and affiliate with the councils for the protection of the foreign-born, which are consolidat- ing the movement against this latest conspiracy again or of the thoro- ernment: “Whereas, the Secretary of Labor James John Davis, has caused to be introduced in the present session of congress a bill for the registration of foreign-born workers, as Presi- dent Coolidge intimated in his mes- Sage to congress, and “Whereas, severai senators and congressmen have introduced bills which propose among other things to register, photograph and fingerprint the foreign-born workers, and “Whereas, the purpose of these measures is the complete enslave- ment of the foreign-born workers un- der the yoke of the big economic in- terests of this country, and their sep- aration from the native workers which will cause the weakening of the forces of labor and the dissolution of the labor unions of this country, and “Whereas, the proposed legislation is a menace not only against the work- ing class but also against the entire foreign-born population of this coun- try and suppresses its most element- ary human rights and lowers it to the status of common criminals, “Therefore, the Greek Workers’ Educational League of Chicago, as- “Resolved, that it emphatically pro- tests anti-foreign legislation and joins with the organization of the councils for the protection of the foreign-born, which have been founded by the for- eign language organizations for this exclusive purpose and, “Calls upon all the foreign language organizations of our city and of the country and especially on the Greek societies and organizations to protest against this legislation and to join the local councils for the protection of the foreign-born for the more effee- tive defense of our endangered rights. “Copy of this resolution to be sent to the labor press of the country and to the Greek Press in America.” Must Have Been Stupefying. (Special to The Daily Worker) ATLANTA, Ga,, Feb. 18 — Ben Gib- bons, a prisoner in the federal pen- itentiary here, has been elected Dresi- dent of a radio Sunday School class organized by the Baptist Tabernacle of this city. He got religiously doped by listening to the Tabernacle’s Sun- ers’ gangs. complicated problem, as they became familiar with the world trade union movement and watched the awaken- ing of the labor movement in the East and the work of the R. I. L. U., they became more and more convinc- ed that unity cannot be achieved with- in the framework of Amsterdam and that the slogan of the entry of the| Russian unions into the latter is not| by any means a solution of the task before the labor movement. Hence the decision of the Scarborough con-| gress, This decision proclaims the neces- day programs. eee Paris and Scarborough borongh congress took up a fighting attitude, namely on the question of factory and workshop committees. It is a well-known fact that the reac- tionary trade union bureaucrats fear these committees more than anything else, as they do not want direct or- ganization of the lower strata. To have to deal with organized factories and works is a much more difficult af- fair than to have to do with individual delegates. That is why the right wing of the Amsterdam International is against factory and workshop commit- tees, considering this a Communist The sity of establishing an all-embracing| slogan. Scarborough congress world federation of trade unions, but declared. itself in favor of the organ- says nothing concerning Amsterdam.| ization of factory and workshop com- Cramp, the represeritative of the right|mittees. This means an enormous wing raised at once the question of| step forward on the road to the estab- the interpretation of this decision, He| lishment of a truly revolutionary and wanted to know if this decision does| strongly welded-together trade union not imply agreement betweén Amster-|movement, This decision caused ¢on- dam and the R. I. L. U. and received|sternation among the reactionary the answer: “The general council | leaders. Factory and workshop com- will explain the meaning of this de- cision.” Cramp’s apprehensions are well-founded. In fact, what does the mittees are the things they want least of all, They know the revolutionary nature of factory and workshop com- establishment of an all-embracing/mittees and their role in times of world federation of trade unions/acute social crisis. They will, of mean? How is this to be achieved?|course, do their utmost to counteract Can it be achieved without a world|the decision which was adopted and unity congress? Evidently not. The} to bring it to nought if not thruout the speakers at the congress, in dissect-| country, at least in their own indus- ing the resolution, emphasized tiat/ tries. this involved the convocation of a con-| Will the right wing succeed in ga- gress at which trade unions adhering| botaging this decision? To judge by to Amsterdam and to the R. I. L. U.|the mood of rank and file trade un- and also unions outside these two In-|jonists, the right leaders will meet ternationals would be represented. We| with stubborn resistance from below. are convinced that, when the general! Did not the railwaymen’s delegation council begins to interpret the de-jat the Scarborough congress compel cision adopted, it will be compelled|Thomas not to speak against factory sterdam. They held the view that the Russian trade unions must enter Amsterdam and that this would solve the problem of unity, But as they | tathomed more and more this very ont to follow these lines—otherwise no/and workshop committees? Thomas all-embracing world federation of/had to keep silent if he did not want trade unions can be established. to cut himself irretrievably adrift Organizing Factory Committees. from his own union, On one more question the Soar} (Continued in next ™ i eset NS PG a rr,