The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 10, 1926, Page 6

a Page Six THE DAILY WORKE Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mall (in Chieago only): By mail (outsids of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd,, Chicago, IIlinols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB. Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Ill, under the act of March 3, 1879. .. Editors bene TRESS Business Manager 20 =. abet ltt Advertising rates on application, = ——] Guarantor of the Rhine Frontier When, at Locarno, Germany and France agreed upon a de- militarized Rhineland zone, Mr. Austin Chamberlain of England agreed, or rather insisted, that his government act as guarantor of that agreement. But France.was rather wary of Britain’s claim to be disinterested in the matter and strongly suspected that the London diplomats would endeavor to use Germany against France, hence the then foréign minister of France, Briand, welcomed the government of Italy as joint guarantor with England. According t@ the Locarno pact if Germany violates the agree- ment both England and Italy will come to the rescue of France; if France violates it the two guarantor nations will aid Germany. Such is the theory. In practice, if the present alignment holds, Italy will support the claims of France and England will support} Germany. Hence a deadlock would be reached or, in case of war, | Italy and France would fight against England and Germany. The} unprejudiced attitude of Mussolini toward Germany is revealed by | the bombastic threats of the fascist dictator regarding the Tyrol| affair. Italy “guarantees” the Rhine frontier, but tries to ravage) the Tyrol. "The recent outburst of Mussolini against Germany was probably intended for home consumption as the internal situation in Italy is exceedingly dangerous for fascism. A foreign enemy must be found somewhere to create a situation that will furnish an excuse for a continuation of the fascist reprisals against political enemies in Italy. But even a fascist bluff may be carried too far and create a situation from which there is no retreat. The Mellon 75 per cent cancellation of the Italian debt has not yet been ratified by the senate and the belligerent attitude of Mussolini will furnish ample material for the anti-administration forces at Washington to wage a fight against its ratification. If this cancellation is approved it means that American tax- payers will be forced to pay for the 75 per cent that Mellon has 80 generously donated to Mussolini. While the Italian debt settlement is still-before the senate for ratification every working class organization should vehemently go on record against its approval by flooding Washington with protests and in case of armed aggression by Italy against Germany every weapon at our command should be used to see that not one shipload of war material leaves American ports to aid in the conflict. Mahoney on the Run Ever since William Mahoney of St. Paul discovered that the progressives in the political movement of the workers and farmers(| of the state of Minnesota meant precisely what they said when they advocated a class party he has been trying to isolate and discredit the vanguard of that movement by senseless diatribes against the Communists. In Minnesota a struggle has raged for the past two years to| determine which group—the progressivas who advocate a «lass party or the reactionaries who advocate alliances with the foul un- derworld political machine of the democratic party—would gain the support of the rank and file of labor. The left elements, including the Communists, tried to win the workers from the reactionary influence of the Mahoneys and Starkeys. On the other hand Mahoney and his gang tried to isolate the left leaders. The outcome of the struggle was clearly indicated last Satur- day when the two wings of the farmer-labor party met in separate halls in separate conventions. The progressives had 67 delegates and a considerable number of sympathizers, while the reactionaries had 35 and few visitors. Deep gloom hovered over the reaction; the progressives were enthusiastic and jubilant. While disdaining to create a split in the forces the progressives made plain their determination to fight fora class party of labor against the treacherous policy of Mahoney. The banalities that have heretofore been effective against the left wing and have served to conceal the treachery of Mahoney no longer suffice. The story of the two conventions appearing in andther column of ‘this’ paper prove that he has exhausted his bag of tricks, that he can no longer thwart the labor movement, that he is on the run. With the advantage already gained the progressives will soon complete the task of driving a wedge between such reactionaries as the Mahoney-Starkey gang and the rank and file of labor and lay the basis for a revival of the impulse toward a class party in Min- nesota that will embrace the “wide masses of workers and poorer Tarmers. Labor Fakirs Boost Smith He js a foo] indeed who expects carrion to remain in a given stage of putrefaction, Tho it is impossible for it to improve, it can only become more putrid, So with labor fakers, Just when we conclude that they have committed every conceivable crime against the work- ing class they prove that there are still lower dephts to which they can descend, Last Sunday's performance of John H, Walker, president of the Illinois sta ederation of labor, before the Chicago Federation of Labor, illustrates the point nicely, Supported by John Fitz- patrick, Ed Nockels and the other agents of the capitalist class at the head of that organization Walker proposed the*support of the spoils politician, Frank L, Smith of Dwight, Nilnois, of “keeley” eure fame, who°is a candidate for the nomination for United States senator. All of the worthies participating in this shameful and vile performance at one time professed to favor working class political action against capitalism; Walker is a renegade socialist, Fitz- patrick a renegade farmer-laborite. It is encouraging to note, however, that about one-fourth of the delegates to that body refused to accede to this betrayal by the labor lieutetants of capitalism and voted against the proposal of Walker. Tt is high time ‘that the rank and file of the Chicago labor move- ment took some interest-in the happenings at the meetings of the Chicago Federation of Labor and elect delegates that will defeat ward heélers aud corrupt hangers-on of tle old parties and place " dn the hands of reliable representatives of labor. ‘ a 4 ft & | plus |country could be profitably reinvested, TH By H. M. WICKS LTHOUGH elected on an antti- league platform in 1920, Warren |G, Harding soon found his administra- |tion forced to make concessions to the powerful group of Wall Street bankers with heavy investments in Europe, Obtaining his main support from the industrialist group, whose imperialist designs were confined to the republics of South and Central America, Harding carried on a de- |termined fight against the Morgan- Wilson policy of becoming a part of the league of nations. By 1921 when Harding was inaugur- ated the~period of great mergers were in full swing. The industrialists that furnished the backbone of the sup- port of the republican party came un- der the domination of finance capital. Simultaneous with this shifting of economic forces the House of Mor- gan concentrated its political forces toward control of the republican party, The pressure of Wall Street forced Harding to-call the Washington arms conference in an effort to stabil- ize Europe so that the enormous sur- of gold accumulated in this In the early part of 1923 the repub- ican party was forced to reverse its policy toward Europe and the league of nations. It was impossible for the republican party to make a complete right-about-face on the league policy. |“concourse of best minds” who direct: Confronted with this situation the E DAILY WORKER ed the Harding campaign conceived the notion of entering the league of nations through the world court. In order to do this they proclaimed the court something separate and apart from the league, although it was created by the league, the judges are selected by the league and are paid from the league treasury. Hughes’ Brain Contortion The eminent corporation lawyer and then secretary of staté, Mr. Charles Evans Hughes, was assigned the task of camouflaging the world court so it would not be recognized as the door to the league. In his let- ter of February 17, 1923, recommend- ing to Harding the adherence of this country to the court, Haghes said: “In order to avoid ‘any question that adhesion to the ‘protocol and acceptance of the statute of the court would involve any legal re- lationship on the part of the United States to the league Of’ nations or the assumption of any’obligation by the United States undef the coven- ant of the league of nations, it would be appropriate, ‘if so desired, to have the point distitictly reserved as a part of the terms! of the ad- hesion on the part of this govern- ment.” 3 One week later Harding submitted the protocol to the senate. In his letter on that occasion, he took note of the “objection to ouradherence be- cause of the court’s organization un- der the auspices of the Jeague of na- (International Press Correspondence) A bes ieal: U.S. 8. R., Dec. 25.—(By | Mail.)—The closing speech of | Comrade Molotov, organizing secre- | tary of the Russian Communist Party, in the discussion at the Fourteenth | Congress on the organizational report of the central committee, dealt first of all with the general. questions un- | der discussion at the’ party. congress. He declared that the opposition had Tepresented no united and particular- ly no political line, It had also made no attempt to put forward corrections as a whloe of the mistakes of the par- ty line. , The speaker made a polemic in particular against the attempt to in- flate. individual petty mistakes of | young comrades for the purpose of MOLOTOV CLOSES DISCUSSION ON’ PARTY’S ORGANIZATIONAL REPORT | state capitalism and argued against we must approach the middle peasant from the influence of the village usurer, we must rally the village poor around us ‘and at the same time form the alliance of the village poor, and the village peasantry. The speaker dealt further with the question of the opinion of the Spposition that our economic system is state,capitalist, iva ee against Zinoviev’s slogan of “Equality,” Molotov” etressed the fact that Lenin Had,not. spoken for nothing upon the danger of swindle thru the slogan “Freedom,and Equali- ty.” The slogan “Equality” as the slogan of the destruction of classes was always, is and will always be the | slogam of our party. To speak in gen- eral about equality for both classes compromising the whole political line | making up our state, can mean for the tions and its relation thereto” and also: transmitted the Hughes letter containing the brain contortions of that political trickster, Thus the proposal to enter the court was to be accompanied by certain de- mands known then as the Harding- Hughes reservations, The most im- portant of the four reservations stipu- lated that the rule that only members of the league of nations are entitled to a voice in the election of judges be changed to permit the United States to have a voice in such elec- tions. Another was that this country would not be bound by any decision unless it specifically presented the matter to the court for an opinion. Such reservations were compatible with the interests of the House of Morgan, as they defend the United States from any hostile decision that might be handed down by the court and at the same time permit Amer- ican judges to decide cases submitted by other nations, Harding’s Last Campaign. When the sixty-seventh congress ad- journed on March 4, 1923, it was ap parent that the irreconcilable repub- licans who had fought against Wilson and his league of nations program were preparing to challenge the Har- ding administration—and the next presidential campaign was only a year away. So Harding was sent on a tour of the nation to’ patch his political fences, hoping they would be immune against McCormick, Borah and the anti-court elements. He opened his campaign in New York on ‘April 24, and stated that although he was in favor\of the world court the United States had “definite- ly and decisively put aside all thought” of entering the league of na- tions and “that it does not propose to enter now by the side door or by the back door (as Borah charged—H. M. W.) or the cellar door” (Harding's favorite door.) “Nothing, said Har- ding, “could be stamped more firmly with finality.” Harding waited for the main de- fense of the world court until he got to St. Louis, where on the evering of June 21 he devoted his entire speech to the question, advocating our adherence to it with two reservations which ‘he said’ were indispensable: First, that the tribunal be so con- Stituted as to appear and to be, in theory and practice, In form and in substance, beyond the shadow of a doubt, a world court, and not a league court. Second, that the United States shall occupy a place of perfect equality with every other country, After a trip to Alaska Harding in- tended carrying his crusade thruout the middle west, but was: stricken with his fatel illness when he return- ed to San Francisco, His successor, Cal Coolidge, adopted the Harding-Hughes program and~in his message to congress on December 3, 1923, advised adherence to the MER PTET NM RIBS RP SRR SRE NSO nae eH AN 9 The Bective of the Fight to Enter the World Court court with the proposed reservations. Thus they came to be known as the Harding-Hughes-Coolidge reservations. These reservations were part of the republican platform in 1924, but the managers of that campaign were care- ful not to emphasize them, devoting their time to talk about prosperity and the dangers of chaos in the country in case the three tickets threw the election into congress, But, in his message to congress on December 4, 1924, Coolidge again raised the ques- tion with the well-known reservations, It was plain to everyone that the republican administration intended to force the United States into.the world court. The republican insurgents, realizing the fact that a powerful coalition of Coolidge republicans and Morgan democrats would be created in favor of the proposition’ started’ a terrific campaign against the ad- herence of this country to the court!” As a counter blast Edward Bok, vice-president of the notoriously scab Curtis Publishing company, and one of the Wall Street gang, took up the eudgels for the House of Morgan. Then ensued an unprecedented cam- paign wherein millions upon millions of dollars were spent in order to get the United States into the court and thereby create another political weapon for American imperialism in its strugglé against Great Britain for world domination. , Next Article—Opposition Proves Its Charges Against Court, WHERE HIS INTERNATIONALISM COMES FROM | of the central committee, as this had| Working class a socialist equality, for been done by the opposition in order | the petty bourgeois masses and for to cover its own degressions from the |the peasantry, however, this slogan | standpoint. of Lenin. Comrade Zino-| can mean the equality of hoth classes. viev himself had said nothing con-|For this reason, this slogan in an in- crete upon the present tasks of our definite and equivocal form is at the policy and upon the new relations of class forces when characterizing the present epoch as “an epoch of great consternation.” JC AMENEY at least attempted to systematize his opinions, but in this. he betrayed, clearly his degres- | sions from the correct party line for | which. he himself is in favor, Sokol- | nikov developed his oppositional opin- | ions still further until he openly left | the basis of Leninism, or is perhaps the opinion which demands the aboli- tion in the village by municipal shops, merce, or the replacement of co-opera. tion in the village bymunicipal shops, not a rather too free interpretation of the Leninist opinions. upon the present policy. Krupskaya certainly does not share these opinions. From this it can be seen how heterogeneous | the composition of the opposition is. iy tears speaker then dealt especially } with the question of our Policy in | the village. The October plenum of necessity of the struggle against two digressions, on the one side against the underestimation of the N. EB. P. for the development of the Soviet state an@ on the other side against |the unéerestimation of the négative | side of the N. E. P. Stalin declared that of the two digressions, the digres- sion underestimating the Kulak dan- ing the role of the middle peasantry, the second digression demanded chief attention, Naturally with this the party in no way underestimated the dangers of the N.. E, P. Nevertheless the comrades of the opposition make no new pro- posals, also not for the struggle against these dangers, that is, if one does not count the proposal of Sokol- nikov.to abolish the monopoly of foreign commerce, ‘ The chief guastion of the party | Policy in the village at the present | time is without doubt the organiza. |tion and unification of the village Door and the middle peasantry around the party. Up to the present we have fulfilled these tasks only very weakly, But when Zinoviev says that of recent years we have alienated the village | poor, he is incorrect, The decisions of the 14th party con- ference have brought a betterment of the political istuation in the village, | We can, however, up to the present, not regard the village poor as organ- ized around our party. The October plenum of the central committee recognized this fact and decided to develop this work still further under new conditions, We accomplished rather much in the or- ganization of the land workers, and in this the trade union»of"the land and ff by the par- uf part, Because, the central committee announced the} ger and the digression underestimat-4 ‘trolled by the cabinét |present moment | missible, ee The speaker then dealt avith the or- ganizational questions of gur party. If the active proletarian masses around |the party continually. gr@w, then the | party will increase its, membership |from these masses and itg growth will | be correctly regulated. it the party must remain the strongly organized ; advance guard of the working class. The Leningrad comradgs. want the | party to be flooded. ore ITN the question of the’ party dem- | ocracy which the opposition, since it has been in the minority, stresses particularly, the speaker pointed out that particularly in the elections for the party congress and in the goOv- |ernment’s committee in Leningrad the principle of party democracy was very badly applied. The comrades in Leningrad certain |ly knew nothing about the platform of the opposition. Nevertheless this plat- form has been presented at. the party congress in their name, Also if the | opposition wishes to alter the system of the leading party ans and to! create a new relation between the | polit bureau and the. secretariat, it must first of all convingg.the party of | the correctness of its views, But until | then the polit bureau will remain the |leading organ of the egntral commit- ;tee and carry out thepfirm unifying party policy. (Applause.) i es speaker closed) by. expressing | the certainty that/the Leningrad organization would rally around the compl tely imper- central committee ag’ tie”active party | |comrades of the Vibirg district of be Leningrad organfifttion had al- | ready done. The meetinif of the active party comrades expregsed the firm conviction yesterday that the Lenin- srad organization as & whole would support the party cotifress. (Long applause of the wholé party congress, protests of the a comrades.) The party congress cts, wishes and hopes that the Létingrad organ- ization as the whole will go the way ‘ef the party congress, * Turks Establish Monopolies, CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb, 8 — Tur- key is putting thru sweeping monopol- jes in petroleum, benzine, sugar and all its derivatives. It gives all of the companies dealing in these subs: |tances two months in which to sell their present stocks at prices fixed by the government based on the average in the last two months, | Importation of these articles is pr- hibited except by the government trust, These industriésfare to be con- and finance Drawn by William Gropper. Wall Street Rules the World and Coolidge Becomes an Internationalist. By ELLA G. WOLFE. HE growing class consciousness and militancy of the Mexican text- ile workers is a good example of what effective shop nuclei can do when properly organized and disciplined. The Mexican textile workers-are in the main controlled By the General Federation of Workers (Anarcho-syn-| dicalist) but the entire |Orizaba region has for many years been affiliated with the Mexican Federation of Labor (the Crom.) About three years ago a group of active Communists began to work in the Rio Blanco mill (just a few hours | ' from the City of Orizaba.) They talk- jed with the workers, they sold El Machete, the Communist paper, they taught the workers to question every jorder sent them by the Crom leader- ship, until little by little they built up a strong progressive group that be- gan issuing its own paper, Pro-Paria, constantly criticising the class colla- boration policy of Luis Morones and the rest of the leaders of the Crom. On Jan, 3, the 20,000 textile work- ers of Orizaba seceeded from the Crom in protest against the anti-Soy- fet attitude of the leaders, especially Luis N, Morones, present minister of labor, Various Crom leadérs were immediately despatched to Orizaba to induce the workers to return to the or- ganization, At first they refused, but on the advice of a Communist leader, Enrique Flores Magon (nephew of the anarchist) they submitted conditions for reaffiliation, These conditions in- cluded tactical autonomy, no support of the Mexican labor party, the remov- al of certain Vrom officials, and other minor tactical matters. Owing to the difficulties the Crom is having with the textile workers) in other places, in ministries, Ch You do the job twie oe its attempt to break the control of the C. G. T., it could not afford to lose Phe * Sita 4 Struggles of Mexican Textile Workers ing ‘which was followed by @ parade in which were conspicuous banners with “Long Live Soviet Russia,” and “Long Live Communism,” After the parade, Eulalio Martinez, recently returned labor attache of the Mexican government in Moscow, was scheduled to report on his trip, but when he discovered the Commun- ist Entique Flores Magon was pres- ent, he refused to report and was hiss- ed ‘from the platform, The Orizaba workers, enthusiastic with the success they. had won, decid- ed, to organize a giant celebration of en memorial day in the Union heater, When the Crom leaders got wind of this they decided to. prevent the celebration from taking place, by calling a temporary strike and as- sembling the workers in the Union Theator, A skirmish followed, when the Communists attempted to turn the meeting into a celebration. With the-ufd of federal troops, one ‘comrade was, murdered and sevefal ‘severely wounded, and the celebration prevent- ed-from taking place, + the Communists and the resulting loss of control of the Crom is leading to violence against 'the workers by th reactionaries, Luis N, mes has just sent into “Orizaba 1 armed thugs under the leadership of Bulalio Martinez with orders to go the limit and clean up on the Communists. Due to this pressure 45 Communists have already been fired by the Rio Blanco mill’ They securéd jobs in another factory but after’ a day or two, we again bounced, The Communists have wired President Calles that unless the thugsare’ at once removed and the fired workers reinstated that they will hold-him responsible for any violence that might occur, ‘ ef " ‘ _—_—_——, begs? | With hopes held high A warrior he, i Broken in Spirit at Twenty-Two | By DAVID CouTTS (Worker Correspondent; (Omaha, Neb.—Les! 22, engineman, fi S. S. Moody, to: method of taki A boy with bod: strong and fair, A happy lad with not a care; | Did blythely don the navy blue, with pu | An errant knight from He sailed forth with s To conquer all by ‘virt schooled him in the ways -of war, took him on the ship a’ 4 They Thei The deadly routine And discipline took hi With spirit broken, dr And virtue too, now go! To An led his soul, toll. He fixed a belt and poison glass," u tossed a coin of hy n to or tails it came up and 5 He left a note to mother at home: “My onanenne will care for you better .alone, 5 ‘ Than | would ever be able to do, This steadily growing influence of " Don’t take this hard,” wrote on: true. ith in your god,” it lie, when faith gh at twenty-two, knight, ~~ buried him, tq, with pomp and 7 To the navy advertise, Soviet Concern Outbids Rockefeller. CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb, 8 — Tur- key is “farming out" her oil monopoly to one of five concerns, ‘The Naptha company of Russia is making a fight for control of the Turkish ofl and has outbid its rivals. The competition has caused Standard O11 great coneern and has forced it to drop its ‘prices, Standard Oil has an investment of — $3,000,000 in its Turkish platen waa the chief competitor of the’ Ri