The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 5, 1926, Page 6

Page Six WORKE THE DAILY WORKER’ Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLASHING CO. | 2113 W. Washington Blyd., Chicago, It. Phone Monroe 4712 | SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mall (outeide ¥ Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.60 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, tinols cide cases affecting the member na- tions of the league of nations, but it has the audacity to ternational law and completely ignore the facts in the case. The dectsion was probably prepared by the vin- dictive judges without anything other than the most perfunctory hearing, be- cause when a request was sent to Rus- sia to appear in defense of its claim ARTICLE V. By H. My.WICKS merely does the permanent court of international justice de- issue ukases J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J, LOEB. cago, Ill, under the act of March 3, 1879. a raeneeseasars mneeeeneneveensnseeeenersee BMICOPS Business Manager nr Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- ee =. 390 Advertising rates on application. The Russian Communist Party Congress 1. The Workers (Communist) Party of America greets the} decisions and the achievements of the Fourteenth Congress of the Russian Communist Party and the newly elected Central Committee. 2. We hail the unity of the Party so firmly established in the spirit of Lenin after deliberations in which there were made decisions of tremendous significance for the Russian working masses and for the world proletariat under the leadership of the Communist International. 3. The Workers (Communist) Party of America is in full accord with the estimate of Comrade Lenin that “the Soviet country, as the country of the proletarian dictatorship, possesses everything necessary in order to build up a complete socialist society.” We consequently endorse the determination of the Fourteenth Congress of the Russian Communist Party to have the Soviet Union build up its heavy industries and become eco- nomically independent of all capitalist countries and completely secure in its own powers. 4. The Workers (Communist) Party of America recognizes that the strengthening of the Soviet Union, thru the building up of socialist economy, is a most powerful force, making for the success of the international proletarian revolution. 5. Particularly because we in America, the strongest citadel of imperialism, are fully aware of the great role of ithe Soviet Union in the international proletarian revolution, do we un- reservedly endorse the decision of the Fourteenth Congress of the Russian Communist Party to adhere to the policy of a firm alliance with the middle peasantry and thus to separate these peasant masses from the rich peasants, the kulaks. This is an absolutely necessary prerequisite to the successful socialist up- building of the Soviet Union. 6. The American Section of the Communist International realizes that under the leadership of the newly elected Central Committee, the All-Union Communist Party will succeed in securing the political isolation and the economic repression of the kulaks and will hasten the building up in the Soviet Union of a socialist economy, despite all the difficulties of the capitalist surroundings. 7. The decision adopted by the Fourteenth Congress /re- garding the character of the composition of the Party insures the success of the All-Union Communist Party in this most im- portant role and in the vital tasks now confronting the Soviet Union. “ 8) We welcome the decision of the Fourteenth Congress of the Russian Communist Party to strengthen the bonds between against nations not holding member- ship in the league, It has an unbroken record of imperialist decisions. Not once in the eigtheen cases before it has it decided a case or its merits. Never has it tried to ascertain the facts in a case except to distort them in the interest of the large imperialist nations. It is more like an American prosecuting attorney than like a court, Even tho every judge knows the pre- ponderance of evidence submitted in a case is against the imperialist na- tions it will contrive to emasculate those facts so it can make out a case against the anti-imperialist forces, One of the most notorious decisions was the one affecting a dispute be- tween Russia and Finland dyer the question of Eastern Carelia, }On De- cember 31, 1920, ratificatisis of a treaty between these two countries were exchanged at Moscow. Shortly thereafter the Finnish white guard government conspired to violate the treaty and sent in emissaries to start a white guard insurrection in Eastern Carelia in order to bring part of the population of the governments of Archangel and Olonetz under domina- tion of Finland under the pretext of self-determination of these peoples, Upholds Fake Claims. HE Finnish government claimed that the representatives of the | Soviet Union had entered into a ‘‘ver- bal agreement,” aside from the terms of the treaty, favoring Fin- land’s claims that these popula- tions be under Finnish control. The ridiculous evasion..was scorned by the Bolshevik government of Russia. Knowing the league of nations existed for the specific purpose of aiding con- spiracies against Russia, the white guard Finn government appealed to that organization. The league suggest- ed that the Esthonian government, which was carrying on diplomatic re- | lations with Russia, should endeavor to “ascertain the intentions of the So- viet government.” The Soviet govern- ment insisted that the question was of purely domestic character and denied the authority of the league to interfere with its affairs, The Finnish government then.sug- gested to the league that the case be referred to the world court for a deci- sion, knowing full well that the court would violate every precedent of in- the Soviet Union and the international proletariat. The Workers (Communist) Party of America pledges to do everything in its power to mobilize the American workers and farmers for the defense and support of the Soviet Union against the maneuvers and attacks launched by the imperialists and their agents to undermine the first Workers’ and Farmers’ Soviet Republic, Long live the All-Union Communist Party! Long live the Communist International, the leader of the international proletariat and the oppressed peoples! Central Executive Committee, Workers (Communist) Party of America. C. E. Ruthenberg, General Secretary, , My Dawn of World Peace Postponed » Pacifists who howl with the imperialist jackal pack that Locarno and the entrance of the United States into the world court mean peace on earth may now ponder over the demand of Great Britain that the terms of the Washington naval treaty be abolished. In plain words the British government serves notice on the United States that at the coming Geneva arms conference it will move to abolish the naval parity with this country. Eliminating the diplomatic cloak that conceals the motive of Britain the declara- tion means that henceforth there is to be a race for naval armaments between the two great imperialist powers of the world, which can only culminate in a world struggle where the seas will run red with the blood of the working class. The British demand also signifies the passing of heavy battle- ships, the dreadnaught and super-dreadnaught, and,the building of flocks of cruisers, destroyers and minor auxiliaries, aircraft ear- riers, and other light naval boats. In these small nayal boats (un- der the 10,000 ton limitation of the Washington +treaty). Britain disdains parity with the Unifed States and insists that she be per- mitted to build as many ‘boats ‘as possible in order*to regain her supremacy of the sea. The growing imperialist domination of the world°by the United States and the extension of ifs mighty power to British territory is soon to be challenged and not all the Locarnos or world courts ean avert that catastrophe. The only power that can prevent such a debacle is the might of the working class under the leadership of the Communists, mobilized-to- take advantage of the political and economic disorganization in order to smash the governmental power of both American and British imperialism. By way of-keeping the record straight we must mention an error appearing in this column a few days ago dealing with Edwin H. Sisson, the New York banker. He was not the author of the “German- Bolshevik” conspiracy, known as the “Sisson documents.” This creature calls himself Edgar Grant Sisson and is now news editor of’ the New York World. A case of mistaken identity. Other- wise our opinion of the banker, Sisson, who confessed the role of Wall Street in getting the United States into the world court, re- mains unchanged. Mussolini, the blackshirt brigand and paratiéic dictator of Italy, predicts that 1926 will be a “Napoleoni¢ “Year for Italy.” When he speaks of Ltaly hesmeans himself. Whigh.year? The year of the Kighteenth Brumaire or Waterloo?. 4a i , ct ala Get a member for the Workers Party and“ tiew subscription fog The DAILY WORKER. ‘|and to see the real motives for these MOSCOW, U.S. S. R., Dec, 23.—(By Mail.)—1. Stalin, secretary of the Russian Communist Party, made the closing speech in the discussion upon the political and organizational re- port of the central committee. Stalin who was greeted with storms of applause declared in the beginning of his speech that he would not an- swer the attacks of a personal na- ture which had been made upon him asthe party congress possessed sut- ficient material to recognize the truth | attacks. Stalin replied~ first of all to the declaration of Sokolnikov that he, Stalin, had sketched the two general lines of the economic development of the Soviet Union wrongly, he should not have spoken of the import of in- dustrial machinery, but of the import of finished goods. Objectively, Sokolnikoy becomes here a supporter of the Dawezation of the Soviet Union... Everyone knows that we are forced at the moment to import machinery, but Sokolnikov turns this compulsion into a principle, into a theory, into a perspective. for future development, and in this lies his mistake, HE two general lines of the eco- nomic reconstruction were sketch- ed for the purpose of clearing up the question of the possibilities of gecur- mg an independent economic. devel- opment for the Soviet Union in a capi- talist environment. Our general line consists in a development of the Sov- iet Union from an agricultural coun- try into an industrial one, If we remain hitched at that per- fod of development where we have to import machinery and not produce it, then we can have no guarantee against a transformation of our coun- try into a pendant of the capitalist system. For this reason we must place the production of the means of production as our aim. The Dawes’ plan wants to guarantee German rep- arations payments thru a German ex- ploitation of foreign markets, that is to say the markets of the Soviet Un- jon, that is to say it desires the main- tenance of a situation in which we im- port machinery.and export agricultur- al products and permit. our industry to be dragged along at the tail of Europe. From this point of view I declared that the Dawes’ plan as far as it concerned the Soviet Union, stood up- on feet of clay and that we would not remain an agricultural country to please anyone, but that on the con- trary we would become an industrial countrys All our economists must make “thy! idea their own, for here alone jsthe- guarantee for our eco- nomic independence, To deviate fro this line as Sokolnikoy does, means Stalin Makes AMERICANIZING EUROPE abandon the work of socialist recon- struction, ci psa: second answer concerns the contention of Kamenev that the decisions of the 14th, party: confer- ence in the precise formation of the law upon leasehlod 1 upon agricul- tural wage labor, wi "concession not to the peasantry, but to the Kulaks, to the capitalist elemients. Stalin asked the @pposition why it had voted for these,decisions if it considered them to Be/a new exten- sion of the NEP. We are against the extension of the NEP, but Kamenev forgets that the NEP includes free commerce, capitalism and wage la- bor and that the decisions of the 14th party conference are a reflection of this new economic policy introduced in Lenin's time. Lenin always recognized that the NEP in the first period would be utilized above all by the capitalists, the Kulaks and the swindlers, but he never said that the introduction of the NEP was a concession to the capi- talist elements and not to the peas- antry, on the contrary, he always pointed out that the permission of free commerce and the introduction of the NEP was 4 concession to the peasantry for the maintenance and the consolidation of the alliance with the peasantry. TALIN quoted from Lenin upon the decisive significance of the, middle peasantry in the present Russian vil- lage. During thé seizure of the land in the course of the revolution, the whole peasantry attacked the large landowners, but the Kulaks derived the most advantage from this and the village poor the least. In the further course of the revolu- tion the village poor organized them- selves with the support of the Soviet power and forced very much from the Kulaks, the relations of forces in the village has become more equal and the middle peasant has become the decisive figure in the village. ‘E must-adapt our state economy, wrote Lenin, to the middle peas- ant economy. Stalin stressed the fact that the NEP andseommerce was uttl- ized not only by capitalists and Ku- laks, but also by the state and co- operative organs, which forced private commerce ever more into the back- ground and connect the state indus- try with the peasant economy, Our concessions are made for the strength- ening of the alliance . between the working class and the peasantry, who- ever does not understand this is no Leninist, but a Mberal. OKOLNIKOV di red that the present economié complications were caused by an o¥er-estimation of our forces and our socialist maturity. Tchitcherin, foreign minister of ‘the Soviet Union, replied stating that his government, found it impossible to take any part in the proceedings, which were without legal value or precedent. He denied the right of the league of nations to intervene in the sponsible for the passive foreign trade balance, were a result sof the mis- takes of the so-called theoretical school of Bucharin which is accused of over-estimating the socialist ma- turity of our economy. All zeal for discussion must have its limitations. Sokolnikov declared further that he was hindered in his work as finance commissar in lending the agricultural taxes the character of income taxes in order in this way to protect the in- terests of the poor peasants. The ag- rieultural tax is already now an in- come tax and the formal alterations in this respect are already in pre- paration. But the sworn defender of the interests of the poor peasants, Sokolnikov, often forgets these inter- ests in the practical work. For instance, not long ago he pro- tested against the decision of the fin- ance commissar of the Russian So- cialist Federated Soviet Republic Milyutin, upon the abolition of all tax- ation of the peasants under a rouble which only affected a total of 300,000 roubles and which freed the poor peasantry from such taxation and the state offices from the bookkeeping costs. The interference of the cen- tral committee was necessary in order to move Sokolnikoy to permit this cor- rect measure, INALLY Stalin replied to a declar- ation on the part of cs “opposi- ‘fon and one of its printed organs up- om the questions under discussion that ; he, Stalin, has expressed himself to a delegation. of peasant correspond- ents in favor of the idea of restoring private property in land. This was to be understood from the impressions of a peasant correspondent from this delegation published inthe peasant newspaper Bednota, The same rumors about such a de- claration were spread by a bourgeois press agency in Riga thruout the world, Despite the obvious’ absurdity of such a belief, he, Stalin, published a letter\in the Bednota, in which he de- clared\that their fantastic authors were responsible for all such inven- tions. Despite this contradiction and despite the obviously invented charac- ter of such a contention, the opposi- tion uses today the methods of a bour- geois lie agency and digs up this He. TALIN pointed to the basic incor- rectness of the formulation of Krupskaya that the NEP was capital- ism permitted by the proletarian state, and presented the following cor- rect formulation of the NEP: “The NEP is the special» poltey of the proletarian state for the permis- sion of capitalism but at same time the retention of econo: points Sokolnikov even | so far as tolof vantage like the large-scale indue- declare that the of our lead-/try, the transport syste ee were re- ing economic “e opoly of foreign comme) sey~etes in matter of the situation in Carelia. This case dragged along until July 28, 1928, when the judges handed down a decision in favor of the con- tentions of Finland. To this day, however, the Soviet Union has ignored the decision, but, ; dominate in order that it may serve ————————— The World Court as a Weapon Against the Soviet Union thus far tHe league has been unable to invoke sufficient power to enforce the decisions of its fraudulent legal adjunct, the permanent court of im- ternational justice. The Kiel Canal Case. Eee infamous was another + case affecting the Soviet Union ‘and, incidentally, Germany, During the French and British inspired war against, Russia on the part of the white guard government of Poland a British steamship, chartered by a French armament concern, loaded with war material for Poland, sought to go thru the Kiel canal. Germany refused permission for the boat to: go thru onthe ground that it violated German neutrality in the war he tween Poland and Russia. France and Britain insisted that under article 380 of the Versailles treaty thé vessel was > ae to passage thrit’ the I! canal, ¢ he, The¥case was referred to the world court and Germany contended that while the article referred to held that the canal and its approaches “shall be maintained free and open to the vessels:of.commerce and of war of all nations,at peace with Germany. on terms of absolute equality,” it did not apply to ammunition laden or battle- ships in case of war between nations. To permit the passage of the -boat would have. been a clear violation of the article and a violation of the neu- trality of Germany. That plain fact did not influence the court for it handed down another unprecedented decision, which was against Germany and, in effect, an im, perialist demand on the part of France and England that Germany violate her neutrality to aid the ene- of Russia. Nothing better illustrates the char- acter of the’°world court into which the House of Morgan has plunged the United States. These two decisions on Russia prove conclusively that it it not even a court, but an instrument of the most open and shameful im- perialist aggression, unhesitatingly doing the bidding of the imperialist powers that control it. It has no code except the code of conquest. It re- cognizes no precedents, ignores facts, and is an agency furnishing a cloak of legality for the imperialist butchers whose creature it is. It is this in- strument that Wall Street hopes to its interests in Europe and the rest of the world the same as*it has in the Drawn by William Gropper. Uncle Sam: “Now Europe Is. Alright!” losing Speech to Party Congress the-hands:of the.,«proletarian state and the struggle against capitalism by the socialist elements, and a growing role of the so@ialist elements at the expense Of the capitalist, and finally the victory of the socialist elements, the abolition, of the classes and the creation. of the fundament of socialist economy,” — Whoever fails to recognize the dual transitional character of the NEP de- viates from’ Lenfnjsm. If the NEP were capitalism, >.Lenin would have said: Capitalist’ Russia will become socialist Russia, Lenin, however, coin- ed this famous sentence: NEP Rus- sia will become socialist Russia. The opposition.’ should answer clearly whether it is in agreement with the formulation of Krupskaya that the NEP is capitalism. 'N the dispute upon state, capitalism the opposition makes a habit of continually referring to the mistake of Buchari’ that he argued against Len- in’s words that the theory of state capitalism: was reconcilable with the proletarian dictatorship. Bucharin recognized this mistake. Lenin did not adépt the’ opinions of Bucharin, but Bucharin adopted the opinions of Lenin, and for this reason we stand firmly behind Bucharin! (Applause). Kametiev and Zinoviey tredt the question of state capitalism not dia- lectically, but scholastically and with- out relation to the given histori¢al conditions, Stalin, called to mind that in 1921( Lenin, in face of the unpar- alleled slump of the industry and the sreatest, possible lack of commodities amongst the peasantry saw in the sit- uation»at that time the best solution in the drawing in of foreign capital for reconstructing industry, that is in the introduction of state capitalism and with its help the strengthening of the’ alliance between the working class and the peasantry, With the decay of economy at that time there were no other possibilities. Today, however, we have another sit- uation, in which the Soviet industry approaches the pre-war level, in which the transport system has been once again built up and in which the Sov- jet industry formed a connection with the peasantry from its own forces, in which the socialist economic forms dominate over the state capitalistic in which the latter, that is to say, the shops which work under concessions and the shops, which are leased, em- ploy only 68,000 workers of a total number of seven Million prolotarians, To represent state capitalism today as the dominant economic form means to mis the socialir nature of our stat ry, to fail ( recognize the di between th past and the pregént ‘Hituation and t treat the question of state capitalism not dialectically, “bwé=<scholastically, ~~ To wake Henry b si past served tl interests of France! and Britain. ? j QOKOLNIKOV hag gone so far in this direction that he holds the state bank and the whole Soviet finance system to be state capitalist. In this connection Stalin quoted from Lenin from the year 1917, in which { Lenin, altho he at that time represent- ed the standpoint of the control and not the nationalization of production, recognized a state bank in the hands of a proletarian state to be nine- tenths a socialist institution. Sokolnikov can still go so far as to declare the finance commissariat and the other proletarian institutions ( to be state capitalism. Sokolnikoy does not undeystand the dual charac- ter of the new economic policy and the dialectics of the development un- der the proletarian dictatorship dur- ing the transitional period where the methods and the weapons of the bour- geoisie are used with success by the socialist economic elements against the capitalist elements for the aboli- tion of the latter and for the crea- tion of a socialist fundament of econ- omy. (Continued tomorrow.) Russia’s Progress By SAM DARCY, » “Children of the Revolution,” by Anna Louise Strong, published bythe Young Workers League, Fifty. cents per copy. a hae This new contribution “by Anna Louise, Strong to the ever growing libraryon the Russian revolytion has proven to be a tremendously humap document portraying in most intimate} } 4 terms the life and progress of the’ young Soviet RepuDlic, he “Children of the Revolution,” tells the story of a children’s colony; whieh began with ten homeless children ‘and increased to 100, They have been given a thousand acre farm by the workers’ government and are build. ing new lives under the new society, exerting every influence to break the tradition of the czarist influence, G stories are written in an inten#e’ beautiful style out of the daily lite of the colony, nye We in America have contributed towards the support of the colony and now wé can see the result of our work, All the supporters of the Friends of Soviet Russia, the Ohfl- beats Colonies, and the other. . zations who helped in this work. ake pride in continuing {t, baht bsg ibe a source “of inspiration, ramatizes the possibilities of you tussia,