The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 22, 1925, Page 6

: Page Six ~~ _ THE (Saiee WORKER ~~. THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 2118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, II. Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mall. (in Chioago only): By mail (outelde of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chioagg, lilinole 20 dain lath athe ltl agtihe catalase Methbeaietricks. Ydbhibiat J. LOUIS ENGDAHL mie WILLIAM F. DUNNE [OO ween Business Manager MORITZ J, LOEB....... tered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the postoffice at Chi- cago, Iil., under the act of March 3, 1879. ae 199 Advertising rates on application. ee) Colonel House Returns to Washington Col. Edward M. House, of the House of Morgan, who was the “confidential advisor” of Woodrow Wilson during his two terms in the White House, has just returned from Europe and is stopping with Coolidge for a few days to give the president the benefit of his observations. Such is the fiction of the situation. In reality the coming of House to Washington is of fundamental political significance. It means that the House of Morgan is to dominate Coolidge and his administration in the same manner that it dominated Wilson. From now on we may expect a much more definite political tone from the White House. Instead of the anaemic .superficialities of the textile senator, Mr. Butler of Massachusetts, we will have the most astute and most trusted representative of finance capital in con- stant touch with Coolidge. Colonel House is the political watchdog for the most powerful banking combine in the world. He left the White House with Wil- son, after the industrialists had defeated the league of nations pro- gram of Morgan. Now he comes back after the republican party has supplanted the party of Wilson as the political expression ot bank capital. His coming marks the close of an epoch—the epoch of Harding, a belated revival of the rule of industrial capital. For nearly five years bank capital has been steadily gaining influence in the republican party. Coolidge is a Morgan president. But the world situation has become so involved that ordinary poli- ticians, no matter how loyal to Wall Street. they may be, cannot be depended upon to at all times perceiye the intricacies of the in- terests of their masters. Hence one of. the masters is selected as guardian over the politicians. Force Aliens to Pay for Slavery In his campaign to force the registration of aliens in this coun- try, as a prelude to registering all workers to better enable the master class to conduct its open shop drives and to enable the gov- ernment to be prepared for military and industrial conscription in time of war, Secretary of Labor Davis assures congress that the ex- penses involved will be met by the victims themselves. This contemptible proposition designed to enable the capitalist class to maintain an effective black last thru application..of the police bertillion measurement system is to be financed by those whom the government compels to register. The plan of “Davis provides that upon enrollment the “alien” be required to “pay a small fee, for which he would receive a registration card, made out in duplicate, one copy to be kept in the naturalization files, after which, the alien would be directed to a competent source of training.” The “train- ing” will consist of being placed in a barracks syithin the environs of some slave pen, where he will slave by day and then at night there will be poured into his tired brain the poison propaganda of patriotism, Americanism and other forms of scabbery, Every effort should be made by organized labor to combat this proposition, which is a scheme to conscript the whole working class. Unquestionably, under pretext of registering the foreign-born the whole working population will be registered, so that, the workers are mere numbers during the hours they work in, industry today, will be given numbers instead of names during the other hours of the day in a vast scheme of compulsory industrial servitude. The League as a War Machine Not even the most purblind pacifist mumbling soft phrases about the league of nations can now be blind to the fact that the illicit performance of Versailles has given birth to a full grown bastard, conceived in the blood of war, who now follows in the footsteps of his parents. No pacifist in the service of imperialism can cover with platitudes the stark fact that this so-called “achievement of the ages” exists for the one and only purpose. of carrying out on a great scale the ravaging of nations that stand in the path of im- perialist expansion. The decision of Tuesday on the question of Britain’s claim against Turkey in-Mosul reveals the true nature of the league. Al- ready war manenvers are going on in both,.contending countries. The league has granted Mosul to Irak, which is mow under a British mandate that is soon to expire. | HE schools reflect tne economic. political and cultural status oi society. They embody the ideas, ideals, morality and the esthetic values of the immediate social envi- ronment. The class forces of all time put their hand upon the education of our youngsters, The middle ages, as of ancient days, that kept the large masses in slavery, as human live-stock, did not permit any education for the common- er, The masses groaned under the yoke of darkness, ignorance and vul- garity. Education, knowledge, was the vested privilege of aristocracy. The slaveowners, merchants, land- lords, peopled the schools and univer- sities of old and medieval days. The spirit that reigned there was the one of the aristocratic rulers, the spirit of the blue-blooded lords and kings, These schools were training camps for rulers, knights, priests, diplomats, etc, Religion which was at the bot- tom of all slave rule controlled the schools with an iron hand, and a so- called religiows education was pieced out to lower classes, At the end of the 19th century, when capitalism vanquished feudal- ism, the doors of education were thrown open to the masses. The emer- gency of machinery in industry open- ed the public schools in all develop- ing capitalist countries, The reformation, the renaissance, had already begun to rend assunder the cover of darkness from the mass- es. The sages of these periods had wanted to penetrate the multitudes with their teachings, but the natural inertia, prejudices, and the darkness that lay over-them, were the boulders in their train of enlightenment and education to the people, Beane public schools are a product of capitalism. They were born, bred and mothered onthe lap of modern industry. The development of capital- ist industry would have been impos- sible, had it not prepared the children of the poor to become clerks, book- keeping machine operators, engineers, etc. The feudal barons needed féw or no learned specialists, and their schools did not bother to teach prac- tical things. They trained gentlemen in their manners; showed them how to behave in their social circles; lang- uages were the things in vogue. Cap- italism, on the other hand, in its aim to control the natural forces for its LABOR IN T (INDONESIA) INTRODUCTION TO ARTICLE 1 Both the leaders of imperialism and of proletarian reyolution have more than once emphasized the im- portance of attention to the Far East. Even William Green, presi- dent of the American Federation of Labor, at the Atlantic City conven- tion, said that “labor”"—wWhich means to him the bureaucracy of the trade union movement—must turn its eyes to the problems of the workers in the Far East. But revolutionary workers know that the leaders of class collaboration will approach the eastern workers only to betray them. It is well to know, then, that in Indonesia there exists a center affiliated to the Red International of Labor Unions, and that on the R. I. L. U. Executive Bureau there sits Comrade Semaoen of Java, the writer of a short series of articles, which are furnished to The DAILY WORKER by the Trade Union Edu- cational League. The first of this | Coolidge and Big Business “Yes, Sir, He’s My Baby!” anes own gain, had to bring into its service all possible practical knowledge and that at a small cost. So it opened schools. All "may learn but only enuf to serve the purposes of the steel age. The schools have it for their pur- pose not only to trdin hands for mod- ern industry, but alsé to protect ideo- logically the inapproachability of the right of property.. prhe holiness of ownership consecrate’ war slaughter of every kind when its lordship is questioned, Ease class differentiations of the eighteenth century were peculiar- ly distinct from those of the — nine- teenth, The feudals, merchants, knights artisans, priests, clerks, belonged to distinct classes, and were different in their education. The 19th century dissolved the vari- ous classes and precipitated the two existing ones, the capitalists and the proletariat. The ruling capitalist class proclaimed the individual supreme. The free development of personal tal- ents. without regard to vaste, blood and birth was decreed. This-revolu- tionized education. A strife between the academies of the gentlemen and the modern school of individualism ensued. The former began to give way till entirely, or almost 80, be- sieged by the latter. Individualism vas the main landmark of the 19th sentury. Hconomic and political bat- lés were won or lost individually.| The freedom of the individual was he main principle of life. Literature, art, bowed before his majesty, the ndividual, which of course, was also mbraced in education, From Frobel, Spencer, to Montes- sori, we find an unbroken thread of individualistic tendencies in educa- ion. The individual child, in their opinion, need not be loaded with pre- determined educational ideas. The character and the abilities of the child must be taken in consideration first, sd But in industry and_ politics, indi- vidualism, tho good for’ tie fist stag- es of ‘industrial development, ame a bankrupt. Useless contpetition, over-production, crises, (ward,/devasta- tion, are the symptoms of its abnor- mality. In education also individual- ism wrought havoc by upbringing oarrow, petty, egotistic, people. Indi- vidualism stimulated the development of capitalism by bringing. into play the individual energy and initiative. When capitalism reached..a, certain stage it brought about the necessity lof associating the various means oi production. The various:participants are forced to come together. ; N education, too, individualism was a sort of drive that brought about social education. The individual de- sire to excel brought about the cir- cumstance, where co-operation, asso- ciative co-ideation became necessary with the resultant social ideals, so- cial views. The 19th century, in sum, destroyed thrones, erupted feudal domains and established the reign of capitalism. The 20th century called forth a new force, the working class, with new in- terests, views and ideals. Its econo- mic, political and cultural interests, were common, collective and united. The freedom of the working class de- pends upon its understanding of the social forces that He within it and drive it into collective channels. To the working class there are no abstract ideas of freedom,, democracy and equality, outside of real social human cohabitation. Owe may only be free as far as his’ being so does mi The Class Character of Schools and Education. 2y Morris Backal class, and the like with other #b- stracts. E m1 The 19th century being heir ito the middle ages, especially with regard to education, did not cast off all rem- nants of feudalism, The schools were, as.they are yet, apart from real life. The ‘school was considered as some- thing outside of life. A place where children might be trained in reciting the Latin and Greek classes, and not where they might learn to meet the problems of life. Very few social sciences flourished during those days, and least of all pedagogues. It may be because all public schools were filled with children of thé lower, poor- er social strata, whereas education in general was capitalistic, individualis- tic—contrary to the needs of the working class. ¢ Mises most important point is not | } what has already been done in ¥ connection with schools, but what might be done when the working class brings its spirit.into the schools. Education in its wider sense has a social meaning. Capitalist society is deteriorating, filled with wild contra- dictions, and has its consequent ef- fect on its schools. The history of schools and education may be divided in six categories. Each categody rep- resents distinct social, economic in- terests. These categories may exist together as they do in our public schools. (1) Schools -where they ‘teach manners to fit for certain pro- fessors, e. g., knighthood. (2) Religt- /ous schools to bring so-called spiritual knowledge to the public, /as the Luth- eran, Calvinists, etc. (3) Schools to develop: servants for the state and church, when they were the same. (4) Vocational schools to uplift the poor from poverty, degeneracy and immorality. (5) Public schools as we know them. (6) The schools of the oppressed nations to elevate the national patriotism, develop their lan- guage and national culture, Mazzini organized the first school of its kind. A new gchool is in emergence. The school of the rebel working class. In its pedagogues is synthesized the best methods of the world adapted and modified to fit the collective spirit of the workers. In all capitalist countries there are to be found groups that are ofganized under the auspices of the Young Pioneers. These groups, tho learning in the public school, develop the feeling of solidarity and co-opera- not tax the collective, the ‘groups, the é resistance of our young working class in Indonesia. bos hen The strike law from that time, the deportation of many"eomrades, the im- prisonment of hundreds and hundreds of workers, do n vent the prog- ress of the trade mM movements. Now, September, 4925, only two and one-half years afterthe railway organ- ization was destroyed by force, the Vereeniging Pegawei Spoor Dan Tram is again as strong as before the sup- pressed strike of 1923. Its member- ship is again 14,000;.. its organ, Si Te- tap is one and one-half times the cir- culation of 1923, HE Union of Séamen and Harbor Workers, orgahized by one de- ported Javanese eémrade from Hol- land in September, 1923, has 4,000 members at present. It appears that the capitalists concentrate oppression upon this organization, because it is not only dangerous for the economic life of the foreign trade, but also be- cause it is a means for connection be- |! tween the revolutionary movement in| Indonesia and abroad. series appears below. * ARTICLE I OTWITHSTANDING the continual terror upon the labor movement in general since the big railway strike in May, 1923, the Dutch government does not succeed in suppressing the During its existenee not less than 100 comrades, seamen in the steam- ers sailing between Indonesia and Hol- land, were dischi on account of propaganda, Not Je than 30 com- cades were arres' and put into prison from on@ month to three E FAR EAST months, being discovered in so-ealled “smuggling” of Profintern and Comin- tern literature, etc., from abroad to Indonesia. At present in every steamer sailing between Holland and Indonesia is put one or two spies... , Many other comrades were dis- charged from the steamers of the Koninglijke Paketvaart Maatschappij, sailing between the various islands of our archipelago. Then we have the victims who were discharged from the harbor in Tandjung Priok (atavia), No wonder that under such circum- stances this young trade union has only 4,000 members after two year’s work, mostly workers in the harbors, and the minority are illegal: members in the various steamers. Its organ, the Djangkar (anchor) is a popular paper among the seamen and harbor workers. Nevertheless, when we count the difficulties, we can say that here also, we get sucess in spite of the capitalists, HE Sarekat Postel, union of the post, telegraph and telephone work- ers, having its headquarters in Sura- bays, printiig regular its monthly or- gan, Soeara Kita, continues its prog- ress and is 2,500 members strong now. Its editor, Comrade Muso, is persecut- ed on account of revolutionary propa- ganda in that organ in the month of May. (Comrade Muso, member of the AS WE SEE IT _ -:- By T. J. Flaherty | eh Ee at ee j; and bent my neck back, pinching my nostrils shut with sthe fingers of one hand. Another held my feet. Still an- other anchored my arms around and executive committee, of the Communist Party, section Sarabaya, is one of the most active. propagandists of the trade union movement in. that indus- trial town.) 5 ai In its congress June 7, the Frederasi Sarekat Boeroeh Tfitak, the trade union of printing works, it was said that this federation has 15 sections with a total membership of 3,000. The open meeting of that' congress was destroyed by the police by‘force, be- cause—one of the speakers’ had too “loud” a voice. (Every .revolution- ist has a “too loud” voice, so, think the | police in our country.) No at the same time the con- gress of the Frederasi Sarekat Boeroeh Bingkil, the tinion of work- ers in machine-repair factories, having ten “sections with a total of $2,000 members, took place in the same town (Semerang). It is its first con- gress after its existence from Septem- ber, 1924. It is a very new union, this. Its monthly organ is published at Malang. Also in the first week of June in Semarang was held the congress of tion among their young comradés, By, Semnapen all over the. archipélago. Active propaganda on behalf of-this union be- gan in June, 1924, when the old union catering for the chauffeurs had alto- gether only 1,000 members. HE Sarekat Boeroh Goela, ‘the untonsof workers in the sugar in- dustry, isnot yet able to work openly. This illegal union, organized from the remnants of the old one, finally de- stroyed by the capitalists in 1921, has become active since August, 1924. Here we have only 1,000 members, due to the difficult circumstances under which propaganda has to. be carried on*among these workers. } The same applies to the union cat- ering for the workers in the mining industry, (coal, gold, oil, [petrol], etc.) Here we have only 700 mem- bers, From about the middle of May this new illegal union began to pub- lish its organ Soeara Tambang (The Voice of the Mine Worker). j ETTER progress is being made by the union catering for hospital workers. This urfion has succeeded in increasing its membership from the auto-transport workers, The vari-|500 to 2,000 from the beginning of ous local organizations, formerly| 1924 up to date. In 1925, it began the united in a federation, decided there regular publication of its organ, at to reorganize into one, union, the| Present a monopoly. The above men- Chauffeur Bund Indonesia, It has man- tioned unions are led by Communists,” aged to organize some 2,000. members (Continued tomorrow) t - Basil spent many years of life saving | caught, so to speak, in'a rather un- England from law violators.and ‘since | varnished position. The man who 1917 he was the protegter ofthe Brit-| boasted of sending Roger Casement, ish Isles from Bolshevik) propaganda. |the Irish rebel, to the gallows, came ‘ But it has-applied to the league (Continued from page 1.) No sooner was oung man parolea undér the table-—They have or had— “Idaho senator is’ willing to surrender on his own terms to the cap- | Senator Wheeler is now trying to obliterate his apostasy to| for a 25-year extension of the Irak mandate,.For capitalism that means for life, as it-ean not hope to exist beyond that time. But meanwhile the working class is in for-another blood bath for the aggrandizement of imperialism unless: it rises in its might and smashes every capitalist government in Europe. American work- ers are confronted with similar conditions and eventually must meet the problem in the same manner. Florida has launched a campaign to nominate Mitchell, the court martialled aviator, for the presidency.) IHinois ought to fall in line with “Red” Grange, while Hollywood comes along with Ben | Turpin. Then the voters could get a good cross-eyed look At the | issues dividing the old.parties. “Borah Opéns Fire on World Court,” says a headline. But the italism that has spawned the world court. that kind of an attack. Capitalism doesn’t fear | The La¥ollette bloc in the house of representatives let the tax bill of the great financiers go thru without the semblance of a fight. So did the socialist, Berger. Labor must send some militant class fighters to congress. the democratie.party by supporting Morgan’s world court proposi- - % Get a member for the Workers Party and a uew subscription og the DAILEGBEER } j indeed! He learned that the Turks Were murdering the Christians in that part of Mosul where the oil bubbled. But wherever there was no oil, it ap- pears that the Turks acted quite de- cently. The good league of nations decided to let the Turks do their damndest to the christians who were unfortunate enough to exist in an oil- Tess land. a HE Chicago Daily News regrets that certain American papers, ex- press considerable skepticism as to the alleged altruistic motives of Eng-| land. “Give England a chance,” says the News. It is time enough to cry “wolf” when that animal makes his appearance! It is hard to reply to such hypocrisy. There are approxim- ately 560,000 words in the latest adi- ‘tion of Webster's dictionary, but there | is no word sufficiently biting to des- cribe the infinitesimal smallness of |the lackey who scribbled such drivel for hire, Even a moron tan see that England's interest in Mosul can be attributed to oil. ee YOUNG man of 25 years, serving life for an alleged murder was re- cently paroled by the prison pardon board of Illinois, It was ~reported that the young man’s father is a mil- Honaire, but the father denies this and states that he is deeply in debt. than the papers # against the parol gry wolves the Cm of the capitalist, victim and bi hyena in Chi snarl his cry the paroled boy, * “¢ a hue and cry board. Like hun- culation managers s hunted their mut of his lair to apprehension of HE Small a under the decision of the stealing case, istration reeling inflicted by the in the interest rendered to the | clamor of the [im and the young fellow was brought back to the pen. There a story was told which rivdls in barbaric cruelty #he -torture of Jews by christians in the Middle Ages. Perry, the paroled convict, told how he was treated by officers at the West Chicago’ ayenue station, in order to force confessions out of him. After abusing him for a few days at the stationg without giving him food or watey, he was taken to the third floor of the notorious detective bureau. ae Fi — ON officer worked on him all day at the bureau..He was given the famous “water cure,” a method of treatment with ich those of the Filipinos who gugyived their exper! Perhaps he is right and perhaps what 4 follows in the effect of his poverty. it 1 ences with the U State army are acquainted ving is the way the boy tells the s' “They pulled me back on the table, One of the detec- tives got a foreg under my chin 1 a gallon jug they filled up. One de- tective dug two. fingers into my cheek so that my mouth floppad open. Then he forced the uncorked mouth of the jug between my lips, I had to keep swaflowing as long as I could, The water filled me so that my stomach pained terribly because of the distension. But still it gurgled down.” \ oe & Wyss is the way a confession of murder aiid of several robberies were wrung from this lad, How many could resist the temptation to confess to anything in order to gain respite from such inhuman _ punishment. There is not a person who ever had any experience with the methods used by the police who will not believe Perry's story. Mayor Dever and his chief A. Collins, expressed great in- dignation when Perry's story was made public. This is not the first time that Chicago police have been caught with the goods in cases of this sort. They are supported by the and always escape punishment, Only when they rob the capitalists, which occasionally, do they get their medicine, powerful money. interests however, Those who read the stories of stool- pigeon Nosovitsky in the; Hearst press recently saw his mame »mentioned, But Sir Basil fell and; fell, badly. Per- haps this is not the first.time he fell, but this is the first, time, he was Exhibition of German Artist Depicts Many of Workers’ Revolts By LOUISE py ld , WSaIG EEN NEW YORK CITY, Dec. ‘An ex- hibition of woodcuts, etchings, litho- graphs and posters by Maethe Koll- witz, member of the Berlin Academy of Arts and Sciences, will be pn view during the next two weeks at the Civic Club, 14 West 12th street, New! York City. Kaethe Kollwitz is today generally conceded to be one of the most dis- tinguished exponents of the black and white art in Germany. Of her work Fritz Stahl, art critic of-the Berliner Tageblatt wrote after the German black and white exhibition in Berlin, “T cannot understand Wow any artist worthy of the name can refuse to take his hat off in reverent ‘admiration be- fore this thing that Kuethe Kollwite has created.” ~ Mittag A bisa atory of the rap ws | sll) in the Berliner ‘Zel Thompson, formerly’ ol d/ Lothar Brieger comm: ‘ollows: Yurd is too good to let pass. Sir "rhs strongeet note:tn the efaibiion cielo p-atery-aboek gui Mie MBL. da ar to grief when‘he raped-a girl in Hyde Park, London. But in extenuation of the gentleman’s conduct we must ad- mit that he is a clergyman’s son, in addition to puts a professional stool- pigeon. was struck by the work of Kaet Kollwitz. The drawings and wood- cuts of this remarkable woman stand so far above the mass of the other, that praise, here, would i bigs a into hollow phrase-mongery.” The exhibition; which consists of 53 of the best known of Professor Koll- witz’s works, among them the series: “The Weaver's Rebellion,” “Peasants’ Rebellion,” will open Sun- day, Dee, 20 at 7 o'clock, and will be open to the public daily for the two weeks following, from 2 to 10 p. m., | except Wednesday evenings. Admis- ‘sion free, poaby. + Ulster Constabulary _ Revolt Near Collapse BELFAST, Dec. 20.—The revolt the Ulster constabulary showed signs of collapse today when several pla- toons of mutinying police bea: to. duty. WRG dy Ke. a Worker dence will make The DAILY ee @ better paper and the, |