The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 19, 1925, Page 6

—=. THE DAILY WORKER Published“by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 ‘W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill, Phone Monroe 4712 ven ids halativa tala SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicags): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chitago, Illinois J, LOUIS ENGDAHL \ .. Editors WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- \ cago, Ill., under the act of March 3, 1879. Br 290 .Business Manager Advertising rates on application, World Court Paves the Way for War Events now transpiring in Europe clearly reveal the predatory character of the league of nations and the world court as inter- related instruments of imperialism. Turkey has severed diplomatic relations with the kingdom of Irak as a result of the award of Mosul to Irak by the league of nations. Britain holds the mandate over Irak, hence is bound to defend the territory. The severing of diplo- mate reilations with Irak is tantamount to a declaration of war against Great Britain, Britain has been trying for years to smash,the power of Turkey in order to obtain control of all that territory formerly part of the Ottoman empire that lies between the Mediterranean and India. The world struggle for oil furnished another incentive for conflict with Turkey. The steps toward this new threat of world war are clearly defined. After the war Britain obtained a four-year mandate over Trak and claimed that Mosul, said to be rich in oil, was a part of the mandated area. The Turks have never recognized this claim. Now that the mandate over Irak,is soon to expire Britain de- sires to extend it for 25 years provided in includes Mosul. In an effort to obtain a semblance’ of legal sanction for its pillaging of} Mosul, Britain referred the matter to the council of the league of f, nations. Turkey challenged the right of the league to fix its boundaries. Therefore Britain took the case to the world court for a decision as to whether the league had the right to determine the boundaries of the mandated territory. Britain was playing safe, for at the sixth assembly of the league'she gained control of it. The world court is not a tage that stands above the league, but it is a creature of the lea Its judges are paid out of the league treasury and they do the bi ding of the league at all times. As was to be expected the decision was that the league had the authority to fix the disputed boundaries. Turkey announced that she would not recognize any decision of the league that gave Mosul to England. The decision of the league in favor of Britain was accompanied by the usual fables of savage atrocity: The first decisive step toward war is already taken. Britain will maneuver for a few days, or possibly weeks, while coneluding ‘its preparations for war, thru conducting intrigues in Europe and Asia in an effort to align as many powers as possible against Turkey. « This situation is instructive for Communists and the working class in general as it proves our contention that all pacts,‘leagues, world courts and other devices for creating alliances under the pre- text of guaranteeing peace are in reality but preparations for new wars. Lenin, in his keen analysis of imperialism, revealed the nature of such institutions as the league and the world court: “Peace alliances prepare wars and in turn grow out of war, mutually conditioning themselves upon each other, and producing the change from peaceful struggle to armed struggle and vice versa ON THE SAME GROUNDWORK of imperialistic alliances and mutual relations of world economy and world politics.” And tho, thru the league of nations, France may now consent to the belligerent attitude of Great Britain in Irak, it is known that the smouldering antagonism between-these two powers will, in the crucible of a European war, burst forth into flame, Such a war will soon inflame the whole world, just as the last world war rapidly spread from one country to another. But as the outgrowth of the last world war and the rapid development of imperialism there has developed another force, the revolution in Russia and the Communist International. At the out- break of the next world war the ruling classes will not have a supine social-democracy to deal with, but a determined resistance, embracing the vanguard of the working class of the whole world under the leadership of the Communist International, that will strive to turn the imperialist war between nations into a ¢ivil war against capitalism. - The Union Wreckers : Reactionary labor officials always strive to wreck the unions which they are supposed to defend rather than permit them to fall into the hands of the left wing. Communists have long known that before the trade unions are won they will be weakened and brought to.the verge of ruin by the reactionaries. Knowing the enemy’s pur- pose we are able more effectively. to combat it. Wednesday’s per- formance of the Sigman machine at the convention of the Interna- tion Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union in Philadelphia again vin- dicates our position. In a desperate effort. to'eliminate the left wing, after his array of paper delegates and his fake majority had.been exposed, Sigman brought about a condition verging upon a split, But the same de- termination to at all costs ayoid.a split that characterized the long fight of the three big locals, in New York again. prevented its con- summation. . The stragety of the left.and its denunciation of Sigman’s union- wreeking motives caused his own ranks to waver.. When he an- nounced his intention to eliminiate the left there.was such an up- heaval in his own ranks that he was forced tg yield to the left. The immediate crisis arose over the question of ‘referendums on im- portant questions and different representation at conventions. Sig- man knew that that would destroy the possibility of his again obtain- ing a fake majority, representing a minority of the membership, in order to*continue in power against the will of the overwhelming majority. ‘ The left wing, thru defeating the Sigman machine in its despicable manenyers, has won a double victory; it has laid the foundation for the complete defeat of Sigmanism and at the same time saved the union from disruption. f ache Socialist Follows Bankers Mr. Victor L. Berger, socialist congressman from Milwaukee, introduced a joint resolution in favor of recognition of Russia, fol- lowing the Boraly senate resolution. Victor says that since the bank- ers and business men favor recognition, it must be evidence that the THE DAILY WORKER HE month of November seems to show a slight recesion {in produc- tion and trade as a whole, from the month of Octdber, In comparison to November of last year, however, it continues the @pward tendency of American economics which has dom- inated during 1925, Profits continue to be announced in unprecedented volume, Basic and key industries claim that production will continue upward in the next few months. American capitalism is in a jubilant and holiday mood. Following are some of the specific reasons for the joyous sounds that come from Wall Street. Iron and Steel. The American Iron and Steel In- stitute reports production of steel in- gots for November (25 days) at 3,907,353 tons, compared with October (27 days) 3,893,028 tons, and Nov. 1924 (25 days) 3,121,149 tons. In daily average production, with percentage of change, this gives the following comparisons: Dally Production of Stee! Ingots, November, 1924 124,846 tons October, 1925 144,186 tons November, 1925 156,294 tons Percentage increase. November over October 1925, 8 per cent. November, 1925 over November, | 1924, 25 per cent. 4 Unfilled orders of the U. S. Steel corporation increased during Novem- Uber by almost a half million tons over October, If December production equals that of November, the year 1925 will be the high record for all time for steel production, being half a million tons greater-than the peak production of the war years. Operations in Decem- ber began at 87 per cent of capacity. Railroads. Traffic continues at high figures. For the last week in November, car loadings were 11.5 per cent above the average for the past six years. The increase for the whole year 1925 to the end of November is even gteater, being 14.3 per cent above the six year average. Gross revenues of railroads for the ten months ending Nov. 1, were more than $5,000,000,000, representing an increase over the six year period of 6.4 per cent. At the same time, ex- penses of operation showed a decided decline of 3.7 per céht. The increased net revenues, resulting from this double movement, amount to almost $500,000,000 for the ten months. _ Automobiles, Production of motor cars for No- vember declined from the record- breaking October figure of 452,392 cars, but the industry is still operat- ing high above last year’s figures. The exact number of cars produced in November was 379,300, acording to figures of Automobile Chamber of Commerce. Comparison of first eleven months of 1924 and 1925, are: Total Number of Automobiles Pro- duced in the U. S, Per cent of 1925 1924 Increase 997,954 3,430,467 16 October 452,392 293,356 52 November 379;300 282,248 63 During October the Ford plants pro- duced 204,827 vehicles, and Ford's No- vember production continued at this rate, due to the simp in August-Sep- tember when new iiidtlels were being installed. Other ‘préducers sharply curtailed production th November, as much as 30 per cent! "The automobile industry. remains the “outstanding ex- ample of expansion jot American eco- nomics, Building iaiecten Contracts for building awarded in Noveiber were 23° per cent higher than the same mohth last year, the highest figure on récbrd for Novem- ber, altho showing # Seasonal decline from October of 11 ‘per cent. For the 11 months'of 1925, new con- struction has totalled $5,310,950,000, which is 19 per cent more than the en- tire year of 1924. There is sharp difference of opinion expressed by building and financial au- thorities as to the immediate future of building, The Annalist, a journal of finance, commerce and economics, says on December 11: “Several careful studies of the build- ing situation in relation to the war- time shortage substantially agree that the actual deficiency in terms of the accumulated absence of the usual ad- dition to building fadllitise has now been substantially mu@é up . The high figures for Noveniber may there- fore be taken as répfesenting a dis- tinct oversupply inséme directions. It is obvious that the total of build- ing contracts month “by tonth cannot go on indefinitely aking all pre- vious records without also breaking its own back. The November record, therefore, while it éfresents an im- mediate unexpected 2 Aonulus to the Eleven Mo. conomic Trend in November supplying industries, and therefore to business generally, is not a reason- able subject for congratulation.” As against this warning of an im- pending collapse of the building in- dustry, which~is based upon the judg- ment that the present boom is specu- lative, there is an opposite view. This was expressed by the firm of Domi- nick and Dominick in the columns of the Wall Street Journal of December 14, which says: “Present building activity is likely to continue thru 1926 with only a slight decline.” “General well-being has been re- flected in the present high rate of building construction. “Construction from now on will not proceed for meeting a war shortage, but will be a more normal develop- ment resulting from the growing needs and the growing prosperity of the country.” In our opinion the evidence supports the claim that there is a wide margin of speculation in present building; this speculative activity cafnot long continue to bolster up general condi- tions, but must itself find support in more solid advances in other indus- tries, or suffer a collapse. The State of Trade. Distribution of commodities, as shown in the reports of the Depart- ment of Commerce, reflects the gen- eral advance of production in Amer- CB. eee The factors working toward a de- cline are still weaker than the forces of expansion. Thus in wholesale trade, the De- partment of Commerce index, based upon 1919, shows that October ad- vanced to 101, from 94 in Septem- ber and from 95 in October last year. In the retdil trade, department stores report sales advanced to 164 in October, from 122 {n September, and from 141 in October of last year. Mail order houses gained even more, the figures being;~October, 1925, 170; September, 1925, 113; October, 1924, 141, These figures show an increase of October over September of from 34 . 50 per cent; and over the same last year of 14 per cent to 20 sai cent. Figures for November are not yet published. Foreign Trade and Investment. Continuagce of the growth of for- eign trade is registered in the figures for October altho in this month ex- ports fell below last year’s figures. The exact figures for October and for the ten months are: . Soviet government “is here to stay, at least for @ considerable time.” Like social-democratie leaders in the old world, Vietor Berger, who strives to carry out their policies here, follows the Jead of the \ bankers. The fact that-workers have long<ago-demanded Soviet recognition did not seem to impress Victor as do the bankers, The Red Versus By T. DOMBAL, Moscow. i Editor’s Note.—This is the second instalment of the article by T. Dom- bal, on “The Red Versus the Black Agrarian International.” Farmers, as well as industrial workers, are realizing more and more the neces- sity of international action against their oppressors. This article re- views‘ the struggles of the land work- | érs and shows them the way. The concluding instalment follows: es 8 HE landlords in a number of coun- tries where ¢he land question drives the peasant masses towards revolution, in order to gain\favor at least with prosperous elements of the village, have agreed to the alienation of an insignificant part of their estates for the purpose of distributing this jand among the peasants on the basis of purchase, while at the same time they are trying to. increase their landholdings at the expense of the crown estates. After all is said and done, this measure can. in no way solve the land question, but for some time it will no doubt foster the illu- sion among the peasants that they would get the desired land allotments in a peaceful way. The exposure of this astute ma- neuver of the landlords is’a task of prime urgency for all the revolutionary elements of town and country. At the same time it should be clearly pointed out that this maneuver is not in- tended to obviate the’*lan4-famiine, but ‘to. benefit only a small group of the peasant population. Furthermore, in the fight for the peasantry, the landlords are trying to get entirely into their hands the, distribution of the state -eredits granted for the assistance At agri- culture. N. bidding for the support of the peasantry, the landlords are now playing the trump card of credits, and the Warsaw congress, discussing the question of credits, arrived at the following decision; Whereas agri- cultural credit constitutes the most powerful factor towards the success- ful development of agriculture, and whereas the proper organization thereof cails for the, existence of a central crediting organ in every coun- try, the conference therefore con- siders desirable the creation of close permanent contact among the respec: tive organs of all countries for the formation of an international instiute of agricultural credit, and the con- gress instructs the international agrarian commission to convene for this purpose a special conference, This means paving the ground for the big agrarians. to» become the guardians of the peasant masses in need of crodit dtiting“the period of somewhat stabilised capitalism. ys hid content with=@higethe congress went even farther. In order to afford to the ss 5 the facili- ties for éxercising powerful and con- stant influence upon Be general poli- ties in every country,'and above all, upon agrarian polictéB- the congress resolves to found thé” black agrarian international: 1. To organize cent ‘agricultural organiza country. 2, To create sertaiies groups in the parliaments, uniting the represen- tatives of agriculturafand kindred in- terests without distinétion of political convictions, for the ‘| jurpose of con- stant co-operation, 3. To remind the agriculturists that at parliamentary elections they should demand from all candidates formal pledges to defend the interests of the agriculturists. 4. To establish an international or- ganization whose task will be to establish constant relations among all the central agricultural institu- tions and organizations of the coun- tries. unions of the tions in every In other words, they are trying in’ league with industfal and financial capital, and with th® active support of the state, to creat# something like a world-wide agrariat trust. fad attack’ is “@ffected not only against the toil but partly also against the petty reantial bour- geoisie. , Of course, all sil aanoe be fully realized by the landlords under the conditions of the @apitalist regime with its inherent a: nisms, Never- theless this is certa no utopia. We see already fi Germany how these attempts are carried out. It is to be regrett ‘that this does hot attract the duéattenfion of our German comrades. “Phe landbund of the junkers, having" secured control of the distribution Sof agricultural credits by amalgay the peasants’ credit organization’ the “Renten- bank” has succeedé@ in laying the foundation for thé®German agrarian trust. In Berlin the landbund of the junkers has estab! a gigantic bread factory; in erania it has already organized its sugar refineries; it is now organizing a number of different factories for the conversion of agricultural products and its own buying and distributive agencies, and its dictatorial appetites grow day by day. Altho the wholesale purchasing ex- periment of the Cooperative Alliance of London does not convince us of any serious success to be achieved by the landlord organizations in this direction, neverth: it ought to be borne in mind se actions will fairly strong illusions among the peasant and will contri- of the hold bigs view of thse “taxts, we imine out- line a definite | counter-ac- WO SS CRE a stale diene arte of industrial and financial capital and also of the state, are getting into their hands the agricultural coopera- tive organizations, we cannot afford to remain idle. It will be our business to gain our way into the economic organizations created by the agrarian reaction, to form in them groups and factions of toiling peasants, and to fight for the extension of the influen- ce of the toiling peasantry by .ad- vancing the slogan these organizations.” In the near future the Krestintern will have to create its nuclei in the existing cooperative organizations of every country, and to form coopera- tive organizations where none exist; all this will be the preliminary work towards creating out of the Krestin- tern and International of Peasant Co- operatives, working under the slogan of uniting all the agricultural coopera- tives of the working class. With regard to the political at- tempts of the agrarian reacuon, we must in every way expose the false professional slogans of the handful of landlords, pointing out the antagon- of “capturing ism between the interests of the| tandlords and those of peasants (the land question, taxes, and 80 on). Under no circumstances should we permit the collection of Propaganda funds in favor of the professional interest of the landlords of professional groups in parliament! and other public institutions, led bj the landlords or by their flunkeys. © It goes without saying that ‘we shali fight against any formal pledges- of! obedience to the landlords (which are to be demanded from ciudidates in parliamentary elections and other public offices.) And finally, we must in every Way hinder the organization of the black: agrarian international. For this purpose we must, first of all increase*our rural party work in every country, creating efficient sec- tions for village work in connection with the central committees of the Communist Party and youth organi- zations in every country. Secondly, we must unfold and in- crease our propaganda work studying at the same time the methods used by the reactionaries to influence the peasants, and resorting to new meth- ods of propaganda, taking into con- sideration the low cultural level and even illiteracy of the backward rural masses, R the successful attainment of these ends, it is necessary to in- crease the activity of Krestintern in every country, and to make full use of this radical international peasants’ organization ich embraces the toil- ing peasants of@lishades of political opinion, We must also combat the formation’ ‘| the ‘toiling | cd a October 1925 1924 Imports 876,000,000 $310,751,608 492,000,000 627,171,781 --$867,000,000 $837,923,389 1924 Total ... First 10 Mo. of 1925 Imports ....$3,454,646,039 $2,980,622,522 Exports .... 3995,167,727, 3,651,662,531 pr oe Total ......$7,449,818,766 $6,632,285,053 Thus, the total foreign trade in- creased by over. 800 mililon dollars, but less than half of this increase was in the exports, New capital flotations for October and the ten months give the following interesting comparison between. total and) foreign investments: October 1925, - 1924 Total new capital 423,144,154 $682,906,834 Foreign sj... 88,050; 000 250,000, 000 Ten Months Total new Han capital.. $4,950,384,554'$4,753,486,640 *‘Poreign .. 807,069,000 » 808,105,320 @he year as a whole -thus keeps about equal to last year in. the export of capital. The apparent drop in Octo- ber is due to the fact that last year the month included the big loans bas- ed upon the Dawes plan, while this year the month is only an average one. Present financial and ‘political disturbances are undoubtedly check- ing the flow of loans abroad, but this is only temporary—new Dawes plans for France and: other couiitries will make way for the continued flow of dollars, Employment, Wage Ri Earnings. While production has been expand- ing at such phenomenal rates, em- ployment of labor has not followed the same course, The increascd produc- tion has been accomplished by the in- tensification of labor. This fact is brot out by the following figures, in which, altho the index for employment is based on 1923 while that of produc- tion is based on 1919 (therefore the absolute figures are not comparable) yet the degree of change shown by the two sets of figures are valid for com- parison. The figures are: “ ; 1925 1924 Sept. Oct. Oct, veh 22) 138-5121 and Mfg. production .... Total number employed .... wee 91° 9374 88 * From September to October, employ- ment increased only one point while production increased 16. From Octo- ber, 1924 to December, 1925, eniploy- ment gained 4 points, while ae tion advanced 17. : pesaeihong mass agricultural or- ganizations exist it is. necessary. to start a campaign for their affilia- tion to the Krestintern, to créate in them groups of toiling peasarits, to organize, consolidate and strengthen the left wing in these organizations, endeavouring not té cause a /split; but fo convert them into. a fighting weapon for the emancipatton of the toiling peasantry. Only in extreme cases when it is, found impossible to carrry on any work within the or- ganizations, or when the question of open rupture with the landlords, wealthy peasants and petty-bourgeois has fully matured and there is no danger of becoming detached from the peasant masses, it will be advisable to proceed with .the formation of Krestintern non-party ‘mass organiza- tions which will pursué™both political and economic aims; something like peasants’ Jandbund, of course with- out the landlords, wealthy peasants and their lackeys, but benefiting by Workers’ ‘Program Capitalist from the workers’ standpoint. i ganizations, An-your community, ... sent with the order. Workers Party of America, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois, Dear Comrades: send us..... 7 ee of the. Workers Party f Distribute the ree Manifesto Outlining the ‘Send in orders immediately. Distribute the manifesto to” ‘USE THIS ORDER BLANK Enclosed you will find §. copies of the manifesto of the Central Executive By Earl R. Browder Changes in wage rates that are tak- ing place are quite generally down- ward, In spite of the increase of production and the smaller increase of employment, the industrial reserve army is more and more being brot in- to play for wage-cutting campaigns. This is especially true of the textile industry, and leather manufacturing, as well as the nonunion bituminous coal fields. Total weekly earnings show a slight increase due to more fulltime opera- tions, lengthening of hours, and over- time. Thus the Massachusetts De- partment of Labor, Bulletin of Nov. 20, reports average weekly earnings for September ag $24.14, while for October this figure is $24.58, November weekly earnings in Ml- nois industries (Bulletin of Depart- ment of Labor, Dec. 9) averaged $28.46. This is higher than at any time for the past three years, but does not indicate higher wage rates, but longer hours of employment. The increase in number employed was only seven-tenths of one percent, which leaves thousands of workers unem- ployed. The state employment bureau reports 126 applicants for each 100 jobs available. ; Wisconsin industrial commission (November report) states that the number of employed declined from September to October by one-half of one percent, while total payrolls ad- vaniced 3.8 per cent. This indicates the same process going on as in Mase- achusetts and Illinois. Compared with one year ago, employment is 7 per cent greater, and earnings have ad- vnced 5 per cent. * California bureau of labor statis- tics (November) reports a decline of 5.3 per cent in number of workers employed, with an advance of 38 in average weekly earnings. The cost of living rose, from Sep- tember to October, two points, from 168 to 170, according to the index of the national industrial board, based upon July, 1914. At the expense of the working class, American capitalism is continuing its own “prosperity” of high profits and industrial expansion. Signs are acum- ulating that a limit is being reached to this process. The agricultural situa- tion, dealt with in a previous ‘afticle, the necessary slowing up of building operations, the saturation of the auto- mobile market, these are a few of the Signs that American industfy ig ap- proaching a new period of readjust- ment. Just how this will develop is still not clear. ; the Black Agrarian International: tion, and the proper tactics to meet the situation. p While the landlords, with the aid their experience and their tactful manner of approaching the masses. Weer no peasant organizations and kindred associations exist, we must create them and get’ them to join immediately the Krestintern. While doing this, we Tiust wage cam- paigns for the defence of the most vital demands of the peasants. These organizations should be of mass:char- acter, without being imbued with ultra-revolutionary features. ie fight for the peasantry is flar- ing up, and it behooves us to re- thember that the growth of the Krest- intern is the mighty augury of victory. The decisions of the 12th Agrarian Congress mean to a certain extent quite new methods of influencing the peasants on the part of the black agrarian reaction. In reality, however, there is nothing new in this offensive of agrarian cap- ital by means of concentration; it is the direct outcome of capitalist devel- opment. Against seein cle: ae Program. PHE party has ‘printed. in an attractive’ four-page leaflet the manifesto of “the Central ExecutiveyCommittee seen President stra mes- Rs This leaflet should 'be distributed in millions of copies among the workers exploited farmers of this country. Every unit of the Workers Party should immediately o-2sr ‘@ sul these leaflets and ite them in the trade’ unions and other wo ed 'y worker . Make Coolidge’s drive against the workers the beginning of a great strug- gle of the workers in support of their own inte The price of the leaflets is $3.50 per thousand. Remittances should be .« for which please entitled “Coolidge's | “aes lenge Rsish conference” ( \