The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 12, 1925, Page 6

Page Six rabid THE DAILY WORKED Published'!by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, i 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, I). Phone Monroe 4712 Suis Se TRA esa cla AR RAB SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $8.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois _—_——_ J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB. Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi-” cago, Ill., under the act of March 3, 1879. Editors Business Manager Advertising rates on application, A Contemptible Insult The part of Coolidge’s address to congress dealing with the question of the Philippines becomes all the more offensive when we consider the fact that at this moment there is in this country a mission striving to realize freedom for those harassed islands. A less brutal statesmanship than that which characterizes the dollar diplomacy of the United States would have at least accorded them the courtesy due representatives of another people,,even tho they are so unfortunate as to be victims of imperialism. When Filipinos journey here pleading for liberation from the oppressor the reply is a threat to deprive them of their native legis- lature that sometimes.acts as a check against the arrogant rule of the governor general. Here is the reply of Coolidge to the Philippine mission : “From such reports as reach me there are indications that more authority should be given the governor general so that he will not be so dependent upon the local legislative body to render effective our efforts to set an example of the sound administration and good government, which is so necessary for the preparation of the Philip- pine people for self-government under ultimate independence.” Examples of such sound administration have been portrayed to the people of those unfortunate islands for a quarter of a century. The water cure, wholesale hangings, rapine and terror are some of the wholly delightful and uplifting é¢xamples set by the government of the United States. We do not know who wrote Coolidge’s address, but the utter- ances of the plunderers of the islands reveal a consistent attitude. It was in May, 1928, before the American chamber of commerce in Manila that Major General Leonard H. Wood, governor general of the islands, said: “The Filipinos are rapidly approaching a stable government, as | define a stable government, namely, A GOVERNMENT UN- DER WHICH FOREIGN CAPITAL INVESTS AT ORDINARY RATES OF PROFIT.” Evidently the Filipinos are not so anxious to permit themselves to be manacled so that foreign capital can invest at the ordinary rate of profit. Then again, there are opening up new fields ef profit in the rubber industry, which will convince Coolidge and. Wood that much more preparation. than formerly anticipated is necessary for self government.” egy The only effective method and the most convincing argument in fayor of Philippine independence is for the Filipings, to, arise and take it by scourging the tyrant Wood and his crew,from the islands. <B> 290 * . . The Manifesto Against Coolidge The manifesto’ of the Central Executive Commitiee,of the Workers (Communist) Party, published yesterday -in, Tue Dairy Worker, besides being a devastating reply to the pigmy president who acts as a megaphone for American imperialism, indicates the political maturity of the Workers Party. Masterful in its.analysis, yet written in such a manner that any worker canwnderstand it, the manifesto deals with every point enunciated by the president. It rips-asunder the veil of platitudinous lies and reveals the speech as a reaffirmation of the capitalist war against the exploited workers and farmers, ‘ To be immediately published in a four-page leaflet, it,should be distributed by the millions among the workers and farmers of the United States, so that they may know there is one party that de- fends their interests against the vicious assaults bging prepared by the rapacious capitalist class. The Coolidge program is one that extends the tentacles of im- perialism to remote corners of the earth. There also the manifesto challenging it should reach the colonial masses, translated into their own. language. 5 As opposed to the Coolidge program for the perpetuation of the rule of the capitalist class the Workers (Communist) Party presents | to the exploited masses a program that can be made the starting point for effective resistance that will culminate in that concentra- tion of force necessary to send the political structure of capitalism in this country tottering to its fall. Dawes Doesn’t Get the Prize Reports emanating from Geneva that the clownish vice-president of the United States, Charles G. Dawes, was to obtain the Noble peace prize for his services to the House of Morgan in obtaining Anglo-American control oyer the economic life of Germany, were in- correct. If this fourth-rate politician was considered at all he was soon dropped. The world situation is such that even the peace prize .commission cannot find any one worthy of accepting it for the injunction : Hie ruling of the labor hating Judge Dennis E. Sullivan declaring the Illinois injunction limitation act un- constitutional in his decision in the case of Ossey Brothers department store, against the Retail Clerks Local No, 195, has become an open challenge to the Chicago trade union move- ment. It is a test of its strength to meet another deadly attack directed against. its right to exist and to func- tion, How will this challenge be met? Judge Sullivan held that there is no such thing as peaceful picketing as described in the injunction limitation law and sentenced several members of the clerks’ union who had been on the picket line, including the business representative, to various terms of imprisonment and fines. The Chicago Federation of Labor, at its last meeting, went on record giving the executive board full power to act in support of the Retail Clerks Local and to also invite the Illinois Federation of Labor to assist. Study This Injunction This ruling by Judge Sullivan should be no surprise to any thinking worker, not only because of the notor- tous injunction record of this judge, but more so because he in this~in- stance merely becomes a tool in the hands of the whole ruling power of the employing class. It is one more demonstration that the capitalists have no earthly respect for laws en- acted by their own puppet politicians if they do not suit their purposes, Those gullible workers who honestly believed that the injunction limita- tion law means something to them ODAY, when the coal miners’ strike in the anthracite is the principal labor struggle in America, it is well to realize that about one-third of the |150,000 miners in this field’ are be- tween the ages of 14 and 25. In the’ bituminous fields, which em- ploy nearly three-quarters of a million miners, the percentage is considerable lower, but the sum total of young workers’ employed in the mines in both anthracite and bituminous can safely be stated at well over 100,000 without_ exaggeration. The conditions of the young miners is best expressed by example of let- ters regularly received from young miners which contain such - state- ments as the following: Conditions in Ohio Mines. ae. conditions of the young miners in the union fields are much bet- ter in the union mines than in the non-union. The only reason for this is the protection of the union. But despite this protection the coal op- erators have succeeded in starting a speed-up system ip the mines that even Henry Ford would have a hard time to beat. A large percentage of the young workers are employed at hauling coal either with motors on LABOR IN THE FAR EAST - EDITOR’S NOTE: The ninth and last instalment of this, series of articles tells of the role played by the peasants, the workers and the petty bourgeoisie of China in the struggle. Yesterday’s instalment told of the beginning of a new, free China. ’ ARTICLE IX. By L. HELLER. TJ OWEVER, the conditions in China, from the point of view of the re- lationship of the class forces, largely resemble the position of pre-revolu- tionary Russia, Precisely because such an overwhelmingly important place in the mining, metal, railway, shipping and textile industries and in the banking, is held by foreign cap- ital, precisely because of all this, the Chinese industrial bourgebisie is so weak. The Chinese industrialists quite frequently function also as compra- dors, that is middle-men, catering for the foreign capitalists and finding thir an additional source of self-enrich- ment. “greatest contribution to peace this year.” The commission, is not at all particular either, when we con- sider the fact that the late Theodore Roosevelt, once received the thing. However, the commission has already chosen Austen Chamberlain and Aristide Briand, the heroes of Locarno, to receive a double prize next year. decided to wait until the prize fund had doubled in order to halve it between the English and French statesmén. This decision was reached day before yesterday, Yesterday came the deadlock of the league council at Geneva and at, the same time the expose of, the spies of Mr. Chamberlain endeavoring to ferret out the military secrets of M. Briand. We fear that if the Nobel prize is awarded next year it may be necessary to find some peaceful jungle chieftain in the heart of the “dark continent,”-on which to bestow it. That is if imperialism does not beat them to it, and change the peaceful natives into brawling pawns of the great powers. United States seiinte opened last Monday. Since the government can do nothing for.them the Rev, J, J. Muir, D. D. (doetor of delu- sions), beseecliéd’in prayer his spook in the sky:te be the “widow's er of the fatherless.” The So Union does not aid widows and. 91 ut takes care of % god and the J t trust to a vee Or Meh from on high. This double role played by the Chinese industrial bourgeoisie lessens its importance still further in the na tional movement. For it is clear that only a really industrial bourgeoisi: can become the promoter of a nation alist emancipation movement, whil the comprador capitalists are on! Since it is only (?) $20,000 annually, the commission | humble servants of imperialism. Thi weakness is the only explanation o. the political peculiarity of China, where the native bourgeoisie has not as yet produced any definite political organization with a definite program and platform, comparable even with those of India and Japan. Yet the growing power of the commercial and industrial capitalists finds its political expression in their ever-growing con- trol over the party of the Kuoming- tang, whose right wing has been breaking loose from the national revolutionary movement and seeking a compromise with imperialism, Tho small in number, these elements are very powerful, They constitute the nucleus of thé Chinese chamber! of comfherce in Shanghai, which even as ‘tar re as“June, was already trying’ id the means whereby they could ‘put an end to this “troublesome camaiaaeenataaS: ‘ THE DAILY WORK Judge Challenges will have to thing over dain. The injunction is too-good a weapon for capitalists to give up or to have any limitations set. upon. To them it means little whether the injunction’ are issued by so-called “good” or “bad” judges. The chief objects of injunc- tions are to, whenever necessary, limit or completely do away with the rights of free speech, free press and free as- semblage of workers of their right to strike and function as an organized body. The first injunction were,used mere- ly to restrict the right to picket struck plants. Then, the judicial decrees at- tempted to abolish that right alto- gether. As the workers’ resistance became weaker the bosses became bolder and the injunctions were used to completely prohibit, strikes as in the Hitchman case, and more outrage- ously in the case pf the injunction is- sued by Judge Wilkerson against the striking railroad ‘sHépmen in 1922, taking away altogether their rights to function in an organized manner. The injunction evolution continued. One case issued udge Carpenter in the Mitchel Brog, fompany case in Chicago went to thé xtreme limit of forbidding organizers to ask workers to join the union, @lfhough there was no strike in progress,, And now Judge Sullivan, finding an obstacle in his way, simply declates the injunction limitation law unconstitutional, A Dangerous Tendency It is not to labor’s credit to make attempts to pattern this outrageous practice of the bosses. Recently the Chicago District Council of Carpenters applied in Judge Foells court for an injunction against the “Citizens Com- “mittee.” QOnce befor they made a which two men must work or with mules. The companies have gradually giv- en them more miners to haul from and still expect to get out the same amount of coal as hefore. In order to cut down expenses they are neglecting to keep the roads’ cl@in and are not timbering the entria®. “This allows thé) reof' to come in and then only when the track is so dirty that it is impossible to get over it, will they clean it, This is danger- ous as the brakemen ,are almost al- ways running beside the trips and it is very easy to slip on a piece of coal or slate and fall, throwing an arm or a leg under a moving. trip. “Also where the hayling is done by | motors the trolley ,,wire is usually loose. A little fall from the roof will tear down 150 or 209 feet of it. To get hit by this wirg. means instant death as there is from 250 to 500 volts in it.” (From a young,miner in Ohio) in The Anthracite, § Seok the anthracite a young miner writes as followg:, “The youngest are employed on thechreaker and are called breaker boys,, Here they sit all day long, picking out impure coal, rock, etc. These are, the lowest paid young workers, getting as low as $2.70 per day. The est of the young 1 business” of the sérike, and what appears to them the “too far fetched’7} struggle against imperialism. IHESE same comprador elements of Hongkong and Canton are re- sponsible for the arming of the mer- chant corps (the so-called “paper ti- gers”) that have more than once at- tacked the Canton; workers. It was .| they who, in alliance with Hongkong, stood behind the generals Tan-Chi-Tao, Yan-Hsi-Ming, who were deteated by the Canton troops last’ June. And lastly, it was they who promoted the Political assassination of Lao-Chun- Kai the most stalwart leader of the Kuomintang left wing, The peasantry, iigking up the over- whelming majority’ of the Chinese people, and who Will decide in the long run the outcome of the struggle, have not yet beef’ lined up in the movement en ma§se. Only in“ the Kwantung proving is there anything Story of Wome By AG. KONONOVA. (“White-Russian®Baltic Railway.”) WAS born in Y Bow in 1881, My mother was a laundress and had ur children, She was a widow and e had naturally,a hard time of it. ut thanks to my“Mother I was able o study and went,thru the municipal school, When | was twelve years old 1 started work, also in a laundry, 1 married when I was 22. My husband was a working man, and like most working men under the old regime, was wont to drink. He was very quarrelsome, When children came, our misery was great. Quar- rels and even fights were the order of the day, and in fact my_lite was as dull and hard as the life of most work- ing Women. In 1914, my husband died and left me with four children to bring up. But I did not despair, for he had never been a good bread-win- ner. I did laundty work at home, THEN came the great year—1917. To us workensy th a memorable year. We ‘uradpenbtine page of our lives, and then there came the strug: ra = OU ER similar application without. success, the “Honorable” Judge merely de- clared thaf many of the things done by the defendant (“Citizens Commit- tee”) had better remain undone. Al- though the odious record of this so- called “citizens” outfit is well known, attempts by labor to. adopt the ipjune- tion practice can only have serious reactions, For not only is the injunc- tion weapon extremely dangerous in its direct application against the work- ers, but also on account of the recog- nition it gives to the capitalist con- trolled courts to become partners in the settlement of industrial disputes, The Kansas industrial court, cre- ated by Governor Allen, was conceived on precisely the same basis, even tho it went one step further and assumed complete jurisdiction in settling indus- trial disputes. It was hailed as a say- ior by the parasites everywhere, Gov- ernor Allen was boosted as a new Mussolini, one who would finally re- lieve the bosses of any worries in con- nection with strikes, because such would no longer take place. The working class chains were forged complete. A What Are Good Capitalist Judges? That industrial court law was de- feated only by the heroic struggle of the coal miners, under the leadership of Alexander Howatt, Aside from this one glorious example little or nothing has been done ‘by the trade union movement to defeat the injunction practice. It is true that almost two years ago a “Labor Committee on In- junctions” was created by the Chicago Federation of Labor, under the official tutelage of Samuel Gompers. After much “hard” labor this committee brought forward nothing but a recom- Why a Young Miners’ Conference - gers etc. “The trappers sit all day long at the door in the mines, which regulates the ventilation. When the trip is bringing out the coal, it is the duty of the nipper to open the door. Many times the trip runs away and the nip- per gets caught as the trip runs and breaks thru the door. Other young workers work in the gang way clean- ing the refuse and coal dust off the tracks, work in the ditches in dirt and slime ete, _ “All these young workers, who work underground are supposed to have an 8-hour day, which in fact is not true. It is only on paper. The agreements require 8 hours work at the face. In many places it takes from half to an hour to get to the surface thus making the work day an hour or two longer. The drivers who take their mule to the barns are not paid for this extra time.” The Trapper Boy. A very vivid description of a trap- per boy is contained in “Mother Jon/ Autobiography” where the following is qiioted: ‘ | met a little trapper boy one day. He was so small that his dinner bucket dragged on the ground. workers. are hired as mule drivers, brakemen, nippers, trappers, sprag: like a mass peasant organization. A great part is still played by the very large petty bourgeoisie of the Chinese cities, composed of impover- ished artisans, small traders and to some extent, of the proletarianized intelligenzia who supply the main forces of the Kuomingtang party. The recent events have shown that these small business men of the city, consti- tuting the majority of the urban population, follow the lead of the proletariat. The commercial and in- dustrial bourgeoisie, both on economic grounds (the common interests\ be- tween the compradors and the foreign capitalists) and on political grounds (the fear of the growing consciousness and organization of the working class) are rapidly and resolutely quitting the nationalist revolutionafy movement, thus deserting objectively, to the camp of imperialism, The petty-bour- geoisie and those of the middle class n Members gle, but not for existence, but for the emancipation of all workers, I gave up my laundry work because the bour- geoisie had vanished and poor people never gave out their washing to a laundress, and also because our dear leader Tlyiteh showed us working women the right way, In 1919 I got the post of a station guard on the Moscow goods station No, 1 of the Moscow-Kazan railway which T still hold. In 1920, 1 was elected shop-deleagte of the women couriers on the railway. I went as a delegate to the railway conference where | heard for the first time our dear Ilyitch, and those who have heard him once will never forget. it. Then I was elected district delegate, Thus we working women get drawn step by step into public work, ‘There are various branches of work and one is eager to get familiar with all of them. 'N some sections work is more inter- esting than in others,,In 1924 I was elected member of the Moscow Soviet by the general meeting. viets were created by the wdykers, peas- ants and Red Army soldiets who were | ! ‘Chicago. mendation for judic ‘i 4 élections fol- lowing shortly théreafter to elect “good” judges in place of “bad” judges on either of the old capitalist tickets. This dispite the fact that the only op- position ticket in the field, that of the socialist party, contained a full slate of candidates, a majority of them trade union members, some of them having formerly been on the Federation Ex- ecutive Board. Since that recommen- dation some of these “good” judges who were actually elected, have shown their ability towuse the injunction weapon as efficiently as any of their predecessors, The injunction limitations act adopted by the Illinois legislature last year records another #fort precisely as futile, The expert lobbyist Jimmie Walker, president of the State Feder- ation, worked diligently for a consid- erable time to have such a bill adopt- ed. It became a splendid opportunity for a number of capitalist legislators to put an appearance of “favorable to labor." They had been in the game before and knew that even if such a bill was enacted it, would mean only a scrap of paper) 4n actual practice. And that is today: the great achieve- ment of Jimmie Walker and those who helped him. Bos: “Sit Pretty” The bosses knew that they need not fear defying such-legislation brought about by the résult of lobbying and they let Judge Sullivan proceed with- out any apprehension. It would be an entirely different matter, however, if this legislatior? had been brought about as a result of the mass pressure of the workers by the workers acting politic- ally independent of the capitalist par- of Moscow. ties. The bosses would use far great- “How old are you, lad?” | asked. “Twelve,” he growled as he spat tobacco on the ground. “Say, son” | said, “I’m Mother Jones. You know me, don’t you? | know you told the mine foreman you were twelve, but what did you tell the union?” v He looked at#me with keen, sage eyes, Life had taught him suspi- cion and caution. “Oh, the-union-is different. I'm ten come Christmas.” “Why don’t°y@u go to scheol?” “Gee” he °said—though it was something stronger—“! aint lost no leg” br He looked" proudly at his little legs. | knéWowhat he meant; that lads went to:s¢hool when they were incapaciated, by, agciden: Immediate-Demands of Young Miners. si lnscnaled quotations are only symp- tomaticyef, the conditions of the young mingzg. »Jt js.obvious that such conditions) demaepdaction. i The Young Workers League,vas the leader of the young workets tof America is taking the initiative in raising the immediate demands of thest» young miners. It is necessary for*the- young workers to gather and diséess their problems and how best: they-¢am consolidate the la- eet who have remajiied {rue to the nation- al cause, as well’as the radical intel ligentzia, have nothing left but to follow the working class whose fight is wrecking the forces of imperialism. 1S working class, mercilessly ex- ploited, especially by foreign cap- jtal and laboring under the double yoke of class and national oppression, is revolutionary in spirit, and has displayed splendid fighting capacities right from the start. Its determined struggle, more than anything’ else, awakens and puts into motion the Chinese masses, reverberates far beyond the boundaries of the particu- lar city or province,-arouses the entire vast country, moulds its public opin- fon and transforms the Chinese mass- es into a Chinesé/nation. There is, of course, no contradiction in the fact that this same struggle of the working class results also in’a rapid differen- tiation and division within this nation Soviet ready to lay down’ their lives for them on the barricades. Tn 1924, 1 joined our glorious Camitunist Workers Party in which it js necessary to give my life and that fall my children to the people’s cause, to the Red Oc- tober, for freedom and liberty. Tax Bill to Be Rushed to Completion in Time for First 1925 Payment (Special to The Daily Worker) _ WASHINGTON, Dec. 10.—Every ef- fort will be made to speed the new tax bill thru the senate. “. Senator Smoot, republican of Utah, chairman of the finance committee, today called a meeting for wary 2 to begin consideration of the bill. Open hearings will continue for a week. Witnesses who appeared be- fore the house ways and means com- mittee will not be nga’. Smoot predic eth conte would start debate on fl by the mid- die of January a: before Mare! bg Labor By. Arne Swabeck er care knowing tliat there was actual power behind it. This is but another proof that no gain for labor need be recorded as réal unless it has been ob- tained by. means of an actual mess struggle. Nor is there any other way to defeat the injunction weapon but through mass action of the workers. The American Federation of Labor as early as 1908 recognized this, at least on paper. It adopted a declara- tion pointing out that , injunctions meant the usurpation of power by the courts and it should be disobeyed by the workers, ‘ Miners Militancy Brot Success The trouble is that the leaders of the A. F, of L. unions have never at- tempted to put this formula into prac- tice. Many times they have been called upon to do so, but to no avail, and naturally injunctions have become ever more arrogant. At the time of ° the injunction in the Mitchel Bros. case the Communists urged that the” Chicago Federation of Labor take the with no response. The only instance of successful defeat of this practice is the one cited above in the heroic struggle of the Kansas coal miners. ’ Their militancy brought success. Militancy will be necessary ff this Judge ‘Sullivan’s decision is to be wiped off the records. Any other means will not do. It is true that other judges in the superior court may not agree with Sulljvan, possibly the fines of the members of the retail clerks union may be .remitted or a pardon may even be*obtained, but the danger of the injunction weapon still remains and will remain, until the workers by organized mass pressure put it out of business, By John Williamson bor movement. They must discuss, the problems, such as those raised in these young miners’ letters quoted here. The union must be forced to pay greater attention to the needs of the young miners, such as raising the wages of the trapper boys to those of the other company hands; greater attention to safeguard the lives of the young miners from poor timbering, unclean tracks and loose..wires, must take place: All of these daily needs of the young miners as well as the general tasks of the labor: movement must be tackled by the. young miners. For Young 'Miners’ Conference. THs conditions in America are cer- tainly ripe for calling a conference among the young miners. The Young Workers League will conduct prepar- atory. work among the young miners of East Ohio—West Pennsylvania, with a view to the holding of such a conference within’ the next three months, be The progressive miners, young and old, must mobilize themselves for this task. The young miners will respond. They must take uptheir problems and make clear their attitude on these de- mands which «affect their everyday life, By L. Heller that is taking shape in front of our eyes, In this process, which under the Chinese conditions is inevitably bound up with the irreconciliable fight against imperialism, the petty bour- geoisie, as we have seen, follows the working class. However, its role, both at the present and at the immediate future must still be very great, greater than was the role of the Russian petty bourgeoisie in the struggle against czarism. The Chinese. city, the Chinese petty bourgeoisie, has century old organizational tradi- tions. The guilds, the clans, the street unions, give these small business men of the city a certain organizational strength, a certain stability, consider- able initiative that increase its social weight on the social scale. The role of the peasantry, on’ the contrary, despite its numeriaal strength, will probably be of smaller importance than it ‘was in Russia, ° There is no large landowning class is China. The struggle of the various interests within the peasantry itself will be more complex and variegated chan was the case in pre-revolutionary Russia, Under these conditions the working class of China is sure to play the leading part. ‘Thereby the task con- ronting the Communist |Party of ‘hina, thesunchallenged leader of the Shinesé working class vanguard, and he Chinese trade unions, is excep tionally great. Despite the tremen- dous achievements already on hand “we are only witnessing the beginning of the revolutionary struggle in China, On its way to freedom the working class will meet with not @ few tem- porory defeats and trizis. The e of this summer have shown the working class, despite its youth, is capable not only of attacking, but of steering and retreating in the pest fighting order. -‘Thiy is the guarantee that the working class © ise will retain its suprem 4 will bring the cask with which i has confronted it, ‘to a soneunl ae Pletion. 777 Fie) s vi ay Thus pede gisle of the © proletariat 48 asuming world h. ant sh die ep fully a unive: that it 2 nema . leadership in applying this formula— . { j q ; | %