The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 9, 1925, Page 4

Page Four Organization Meetings WORKERS’ SCHOOL OFFERS COURSE IN LITERATURE New York Will Study Social Tendencies NEW YORK, Dec. 7.—The course in the Social Interpretation of Modern Literature with Bli Jacobson as in- structor, has been changed from Thursday to Friday night and will be- gin next Friday night at 8 o’clock. The course in “The Living Revolu- tion,” with M. J. Olgin as instructor, has been temporarily postponed be- cause the instructor is sick and un- able to give the course at the pres- ent time. Those who have registered for\ Olgin’s course may either change to the course in Modern Literature or the course in the Materialistic Phil- osophy, given the same evening, or may wait until the postponed course by Olgin begins. Those wishing to be notified of the date of the opening of Olgin’s course, if they have not al- ready registered, should leave their name and address at the headquarters of the Workers School, Room 34, 108 East 14 St. Registration Classes Will Close Next Week NEW YORK, Dec, 7.—Due to over- crowding or to the nature of the courses, the New York Workers’ School has decided that the following courses are ‘closed to registration or will close to registration within the coming week: Monday Night:—Elementary Eng- lish; Russian language (one week more to register). Tuesday Night:—Party Training Course; Intermediate English (open one more week), Wednesday Night:—Advanced Eng- lish; Intermediate English; Party Training Course Group I; Party Training Course Group II (open for one more week), a Thursday Night:—Elementary Eng- lish. Sat. Afternoon: — Research, Class (open for one more week). « The following courses are still open for registration: Monday Night:—History of the Am- erican Working Class; History of Re- volutions; Workers’ €orrespondence; Composition. Wednesday Night: — Trade Union Work—open to a few selected, lead- ing trade unionists providing their fraction has not already too many people registered for this course. Thursday Night: — Marxian Econ- omics; Fundamentals of Communism; Shop Nucleus Training Course; Social Interpretation of Modern Literature. Friday Night:—Public Speaking; Shop Nucleus Training Course; Ma- terialistic Philosophy of Life; Living Revolution. This last course is de- layed in starting on account of the illness of the instructor, M. J. Olgin. All those desiring to take any course at the school should hasten to register as the registrations are being rapidly closed. Registration can be accomplished any afternoon or éven- ing in Room 34 of the Workers’ School 108 East 14th Street, Put a copy of the DAILY WORKER in your pocket when you go to your union meeting. TH Workers (Communist) Party E DAILY WORKER Resolutions Social Affairs Questions for Fourth Lesson in Capital (Pages 81 to 96; The Fetishism of Commodities to the End of Chapter I.) 1, Do commodities, in their char- acter as different objects of a use- ful character, enter into relations with one another? 2. Is the commodity a mysterious object because of its relation to other commodities? 8. Is the value of a commodity a characteristic which ,resides within the commodity itself? 4, What is the actual nature of the relationship which is expressed in the exchange relation between com- modities? 5. Give a definition of the fetishism of commodities, 6. Does the discovery that values are but the material expressions of the human labor spent in their produc- tion, place the actual process of ex- change upon a different basis?” 7. What are the conditions which are necessary for the development of the idea that the different kinds of labor which are carried on independ- ently, are constantly being reduced to the quantitative proportions which so- ciety requires? 8. How does the money form con- ceal the social character of private labor, and the social relations between the individual producers? 9. Make a comparison between the social relations in the performance of labor, in feudal society and under capitalism. 10. What does Marx mean when he says that the formtilae of the bour- geois economists are the products of a society in which the process of pro- duction controls the men, rather than the men controlling the process of production? > se * ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS~ OF THIRD LESSON IN CAPITAL (Pages 64 to 81, Volume I, Capital) 1. When a commodity is in the equivalent form, this expresses the fact that it is directly exchangable with other commodities. 2. Inasmuch as a commodity cannot express its own value (e. g., it would be meaningless to say that 20 yards of linen equals 20 yards of linen) it must find another commodity which will stand as the expression of its valne. 3. he body of the commodity that serves as the equivalent, figures as the materialization of human labor in the abstract and is at the same time the product of some specifically useful concrete labor. This concrete labor becomes, therefore, the medium 'of expressing abstract human labor. In the equivalent form of value, use- value thus becomes the form of mani- festation of itss opposite, value, and concrete labor becomes. the form un- der which its opposite, abstract hu- man labor, manifests itself. 4, The labor of private individuals takes on a directly social form when it produces the commodity which is established as the equivalent form of value, 5. The fact that prevented Aris- totle from completing his analysis of value was that Greek society, founded upon slave labor, had for its natural basis the inequality of men and of their labor powers; this prevented the concept of value (a mode of expressing all labor as equal human labor) from arising in the Greek society. 6. The value of a commodity arises from its nature as a product of human labor power. Its exchange value is the independent and definite THE ITALIAN Dr. V. A: CAMERA announces the opening of his own office at 835 East 75th Street, corner of Maryland Ave. General practice of medicine and surgery with special va. for social- venereal diseases and obstetrical gynecological cases. Office Hours—9 to 12 a, m., 2 to 4 p. m., 7 to 9 p. m. —— we » Emergency Cal. expression which value receives when the commodity is brought into the exchange relation with a commodity of another kind. 7. The elementary form of value (so much of commodity A being equal to so much of commodity B) brings forth the commodity A only as a use- *alue, the value of which it is sought to express for purpose of exchange, whilé commodity B is brought forth, not as a use-value, but merely as the bodily form which expresses the value of A. value, is that in whieh a single com- modity expresses its value in ‘terms of a series of other commodities, 9. The expanded relative form of value is defective because it is in- complete and can only “be fully ex- pressed by naming every other exist- ing “commodity; because it consists of disparate and independent expres- sions. of value; and because each com- modity must in turn, under this form, go thru its own series, different in every case, and consisting of an in- terminable series, 10. The general form of value is arrived at by reversing the series of the expanded relative form, so that the commodity in the expanded rela- tive form becomes the equivalent form’ of value for the commodities. Under the general form of value all commodities now ex- press their value in an elementary form, because in a single commodity; with unity, because in one and the same commodity. 11. The elementary form of value oceurs practically only in the first beginning, when the products of la- bor are converted into commodities by accidental and occasional exchanges. The expanded form distinguishes more adequately the use-value from the value; it comes into actual existence so soon as a particular product of la- bor is habitually exchanged for other commodities. The general form of value @xpresses the whole world of commodities in terms of a single com- modity set aside for that purpose, and are “for the first time effectively brotight fnto relation with one an- other as values. 12°" commodity can become a general expression of value inasmuch as all other commodities make it the matéridi in which they uniformly ex- press their value. 13, The universal equivalent is a form of value-in general, a form which can be“dssumed by any commodity, be cause and insofar as it has been ex- cludéd ‘from the rest of all other com- moditiés, and has been set over against them as their equivalent; only fromi’the time this exclusion becomes [finally restricted to one commodity does the general form of value obtain general social validity. 14.°°The commodity which becomes a wumniversal equivalent is excluded fromthe relative value form, because | its value cannot be expressed in terms of itself. The universal has become the measure of values and therefore its value cannot be meas- ured, 15. The money form of value is/ that in which the universal equivalent has, by social custom, become finally identified with the substance, gold. 16. The difference between the gen- eral and the monéy form of value lies only in the specific form which the universal equivalent takes; in the general form, any certain commodity may be the equivalent—in the money form it is the particular commodity gold. ‘ Wrap your lunch in a copy of the DAILY WORKER and give it (the DAILY WORKER, not the lunch) to your shop-mate. Worker Correspondence will make The DAILY WORKER a better paper —send in a story about your shop. To All Members and Friends of International Labor Defense: | 8. The expanded relative form of | series of| Hall, 2226 Be ssth st. WILL CELEBRATE RUSS REVOLTS OF 1905 AND 1825 Rebels of 1905 Struggle Arrange Affair | A revolutionary celebration of the 20th anniversary of the revolu- tion of 1905 and the 100th anniversary jof, the Decembrists uprising will be held*in Chicago Sunday, December 20, at Schoenhofen Hall,; gor. Milwaukee and Ashland Aves. The following will papticipate in the concert program: Rugsjan String Or- chestra of the Workers’ House; Lit- huanian, Lettish and Jewish Singing Societies, soloists, etg,,over 150 peo- ple in all. Speakers in English, Rus- sian and other languages will address the crowd that is expected to fill the ‘hall. Beginning at 2 p.m. sharp. The celebration is arranged. by the Vet+ erans of the Revolution of 1905. An admission fee of 25c,will be charged for the benefit of the International |Labor Defense. ? OLEVELIND NOTES Membership Meeting Dec. 18, Dec. 18, 8 p. m. atiiGrdinia Hall, 6021 St. Clair Ave, there will bea | membership meeting ‘at which the | most! important issues before the party will be presented by two re- presentatives of the Central Execut- ive Committee, Comrades Lovestone and Cannon, Every member of the party and the Young Workers League must attend this meeting. Admittance will be only on presentation of party or Young Workers League card. * 8 © Ruthenberg in Cleveland. Cleveland will have ‘an opportunity to hear the general Secretary of our party the first time since the party convention. Saturday, Dec. 19, Com- rade Ruthenberg will! speak at the meeting commemorating the fourth anniversary of the foundation of the Jewish branch of the. party fh this city. a This meeting, is not only for the Jewish comrades and “the Jewish sym: pathizers of our movement, but every party Young Workers: League mem- bers and sympathizers, There. will be a fine concert in which the Preiheit Gesangsverein will ‘participate. The meeting will be held at Carpenters’ What do you earn?” What are con- ditions in your shop? How do you live? Write a story for The DAILY WORKER. . “Living Newspaper” to Be Out Saturday, Déec. 19. The thrid issue of °Prolet-Tribune, the living newspaper‘sissued by the |Chicago worker cop#espondents of the Novy Mir, will be out Satugday, equivalent! nee. 19, at the Workers’ House, 1902 W. Division St. This living newspapgy is very popu- lar among the Russian workers in | Chicago. % Admissison will be 25 cents. {sinning at 8 p. m. NOVY MIR GIVES BALL AND CONCERT CHRISTMAS EVE AT PARKVIEW PALACE NEW YORK, Dec. 7—The Novy Mir is giving a ball ‘and concert on Christmas eve, Dec. 24, at the Parkview Palace, 110th St. and Fifth Ave., in which Dobkin, tenor; Lidia Savickaya, soféist of the Bos- ton Symphony; Pierre’ Matheo, solo- ist of the New York Symphony Dam- rosha (on oboe and English horn) will participate. ad Be- oe mio Tw ad Ww Two! big cases are scheduled to come to trial on November 30th. The Pittsburgh raid case of 10 workers and the Zeigler frame-up case of 15 union) miners. The lawyers in each of these cases will not proceed with the defense unless we have the money. FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS MUST BE RAISED BEFORE DECEMBER 15TH We call upon all members of the I, L. D. to rise to the test and raise this sum. Contribute all you can and get your friends and neighbors to contribute. Much depends on the outcome of these two trials. The entire working class is on trial. involved. Rash Your Collection and Make It as Big as Possible. _Fraternally yours, bs INTERNATIONAL LABOR ole d. P. CANNON, Executive National Office, 23 South Lincoln Street, Chicago, Ill. Not merely the 25 workers SEFENSE, retary. Coolidge Proposes Fake Cures for U. S. Agricultural Problems (Continued from page 1) about 35,000 fatmers. In addition there is the general banking system, national and state.’ All of , these agenties need to give more informed attention to farm needs. They need more energy in administration. They should be equipped to supply not only credit but sound business advice, and the farmers to a much greater extent should Yearn to use all these facil- ities,” : Means Slavery. Tho veiled in the garb of ficence and consideration for farmers, the farm loan- and mediate credit banks, the country banks (national and state) and the whole banking combine are in one gigantic movement to reduce the farmers of the middle west to the condition of land slaves, taking or- ders from the agents of the big bank- ers, packers, millers, and other trusts exploiting them. The sentence in Coolidge’s speech saying “They (the banks) should be equipped to supply not only credit but sound business advice,” portends what is in store for the impoverished farmers who, in ever larger numbers, are forced to appeal to the loan sharks for aid to enable them to hold crops for better prices—prices that many times do not materialize. Final- ly, in desperation, the farmers are forced to dispose of their crop below the anticipated price. Then the loan becomes a permanent mortgage plas- tered on the land. Advice from country bankers, work- | ing as agents of the big combines is simply a form of swindling the farmer. They/advise him not to sell his crop, | but hold it for better prices, while) they “carry him over” with a loan,/ Once in the clutches of the money | octopus the farmers then pay dearly} for the first “advice” so graciously ex-| tended by the banker. From that time onward they are forced to take orders from the bankers. The methodical, systematic exploita- tion of the farmer is proceeding thru} this banking system that Coolidge pro- poses to extend. It is only a question of time when each farmer graciously permitted by the great combines to nhabit the land he once owned will ceceive instructions regarding the sort of crop he shall plant. If Armour & Co. want more beef, the farmer must raise crops that feed cattle, and turn much of his land into pasture, -egardless of his desires. If the mill- ‘bene- the inter- ers control the bank and insist upon} wheat the farmer will be forced to most of his soil to grain growing. Agent of the Banks. President Coolidge is the agent of the bank combine. The main wing of the party of which he is the head represents finance capital while its left wing in the middle west repre- setns the harvester trust, the packing house trust, the milling trust and the rail combines, all of which bleed the’ farmers to the limit. The more than one billion dollars put out “at moder- ate rates” to 35,000 farmers. means that most of that number is now hope- lessly entangled in the tentacles of the bank octopus, from which they will never extricate themselves un- ‘ dispose of his lite stock and devote }% Today the problem of the unity of world labor Steps toward it have been taken in all important countries of Europe. Labor delegations are visiting Soviet Russia. Eleven million workers are united in the Anglo-Russian Trade Union Unity The Daily Worker Pub. Co. 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Hil. GO TO YOUR UNION—with “The Movement for World Trade Union Unity” By TOM BELL. - The American trade unions are hav- ing to face’this problem now. Get this pamphlet—read it—take a few to your local union! is the burning issue. Committee. Pioneers [ Among the By A Worker Correspondent LOS ANGELES, Dec. 7—The Los Angeles Juniors observed American Eductaion Week by holding a counter- demonstration, This took the form of a concert, on Nov. 21 and 22 at the Co-operative Hall. In a city like Los Angeles, which is completely under the control of the chamber of commerce _ there is very little need for an education week, as the doping process {called education) goes on constantly with the utmost intensity. It is a common occurrence to have bankers, judges, etc., address the children at school. However, the masters could not let such an oppor- tunity as education week slip by un- used. And use it they did. The Juniors of Los Angeles “al- ways ready” gave a remarkable con- cert to counteract this blatant spread- ing of bunk. On Saturday, at 2 p. m., a matinee performance was held with 300 children attending. Our program- me, which consisted of a play entitled “Our School,” a ballet, “The Goslings,” a dramatic march “The Goose-Step,” and many others, was centered around e school, and exposed the true mean- gz of patriotism, loyalty, and all the other 57 varieties of capitalist pro- panda.in the schools. On Sunday, at 8 p. m. the programme was repeated, for adults, and admission was charged The hall was packed with rights, lefts, centrists, n’everything. There were present about 500 adults and 200 peisren. It proved to be an inspira- jon to many of our worn-out and dis- couraged revolutionists, and also help- ed to increase the membership of the Junior Section. This concert_ never be forgotten by the Los Angeles reds, der the capitalist system. Another fraudulent statement of. Coolidge was to the effect that thru co-operative marketing much cold be gained by the farmers. The sort of }co-operative marketing now in vogue, under the control of agents of the railroads, benefits only the elevator terminals and the railroads by mak- ing much easier for them to handle the volume of grain products than when marketing is carried on indi- vidually. Under a system devised to aid the farmer such marketing is ad- vantageous, but under the system of gouging the farmer for all he will bear such co-operation only benefits the railroads and in no way aids the farmer. Banal Patriotic Plea. Tho addressing exploiters of the farmers Coolidge spoke primarily for the purpose of befuddling the real ing ‘those who were there. He in- dulged in a stupid, banal laudation of the farmer in history. Calling them the builders of the nation he traced their history from the founding of America, thru the revolution, the civil war and the world war, and claimed they had won all the victories. Of course, in this eulogy he includes him- self, as he tried to stead the thunder of roaring Magnus Johnson, the origin- al Minnesota “dirt” farmer statesman by proclaiming himself a Vermont “dirt” farmer. Visit Purely Political. The republican party is in dire straits as the result of the widespread |depression in agriculture and those ywho gave Coolidge such a landslide majority in the election of last year are eagerly awaiting an opportunity to as decisively repudiate his candi- dates in the approaching congression- al election of 1926, The visit of Coo- lidge to Chicago, like the visit of Jardine, secretary of agriculture, is for the purpose of laying a foundation for a campaign of rosy promises to the farmers as a substitute for the properity they were promised but did not get. Coolidge and his wife left the city at 1:30 p. m. to return to Washington where congress will inform him that they are in session (he would not know it otherwise, of course) and ready to receive bis.message. o Oi + farmers who were not at the Sherman} Gary, hotel and who had no voice in choos-; Ind. (Russian Annivers- ary celebration) B. M. T., Chicago ........ Mary Kvaternik, Kansas City, $ 27.83 1.00 KANSAS acceesosesscnecseseneensunvereavees 35.70 English. Br., Beattie, Wash,, (sale of stamps) ..... 8.50 A. Grove, Seattle, Wash. 2.00 H. Daniels, Manchester, Wash. 5.00 Cicero-Berwyn, (1ll.) Women Branch,. W. phils SAR Farrell, Pa., Workers. ‘Party, (collected by sympathizer): . 5.50 Yonkers, N, Y., English branch, Wak, 13.90 ‘lovak 16, Chicago, I. ......... 25.00 FE ORE Br., Workers Party, . St. Louis, I. pocdbee 7.00 ay Cajit., Lithuanian w. P. and Literary Society, ........ 34.16 DAILY WORKER Sign my name te the tributed to save The DAILY Name: Address; City: will} Today's Honor Roll: 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, III. | Aidan. Pocber Tells Los Angeles Workers About Visit in Soviet Russia LOS ANGELES, Calif, Dec. 7.—~ Anna Porter of San Jose, Calif., just back from Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, spoke here at the Intl. Brotherhood Welfare Association hall, 420 Stanford Ave., on her impressions of Russia. She gave a short outline of the con- ditions in Russia before, during and after the revolution, and character- ized the first workers’ government as the only hope for the working class of the world. The audience displayed great inter-. est in the subject, and many ques- tions were asked. James Eads How, the “hobo millionaire,” was in the |audience and took lively part in ev- jerything going on. He himself spent some time in Russia last summer, and when he c#me back he gave a fine lecture in the I. B. W. A. hall, The, great progress made in Russia since the overthrow of czarism made a deep impression on him, he said. One Man Killed When Train Jumps Track O. W. Jared, of Creston, Iowa, died tion as a result of steam burns re~ ceived last night when a wrecker was derailed south of here. ae _ Crushed to Death SPRINGFIELD, IIL, Dec. 7.—Caught Between the elevator and a steel girder in a local store, W. L. Foster, an employe, was instantly killed. Herman P. Mich. . a7 ae Street Nucleus “21, Ww. CAO, MN. econ Brucken, Washington, Dz English Br. W. P. (J. Winiskiroff, $11; and Ignatieff and Trus- iueff, $5... G. Dreuth, San Francisco, ‘Calif. (collected) Finnish section, Dist, 13, Berke- ley, Calif. City Central | ‘ommittee, W. P., Endicott, N. Y. Workers Party banquet, Boston, Chelsea, Lynn and Newton, . Upper Falls, Mass, .. + 101.53 Total today $460.86. Previously reported 28,926.88) — ee TOTAL $29,387.24 PUBLISHING CO. list of those who have WORKER. | enclose §.. con- at a hospital here and Ed. Gibsom.. also of Creston, is in a critical condi-, «| Store Employe Is * ———-——,