The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 11, 1925, Page 6

; Page Six THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il, Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE {*"" MORITZ J, LOEB... .. Editors Business Manager Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Ill., under the act of March 8, 1879, Advertising rates on application. Se 200 a : . Gitlow to Prison Ben Gitlow was committed to Sing Sing prison yesterday to finish his sentence of five to ten years, which sentep¢e he received upon being found guilty of violation of the “criminal anarchy” statute, a law placed upon the New York statute books on the wave of hysteria following the assassination at Buffalo of President Mc- Kinley. Never intended for any purpose other than preventing con. spiracy to assassinate public officials, and advocacy thereof, the law remained for years a dead letter. But when the Russian revolution came and its reflex profoundly affected the socialist movement of the world, resulting in the Com- munist elements breaking.away from the social patriots in the old parties, capitalism was confronted with the necesssity of devising legal excuses to crush the movement. The ruling class never feared the socialist party, but when the young, virile Communist movement sprang into existence, criminal syndicalist and criminal anarchy laws were placed upon statute books in many states. In New York the old criminal anarchy law was resurrected and used in an effort to crush the Communist movement. Gitlow was one of the first victims of this revamped law and for participating in publishing the left wing manifesto of the so- cialist party was tried, convicted and sentenced to an indeterminate sentence of from five to ten years. This savage sentence proved to the world that the American courts were far more vicious and despotic than even the courts of the kaiser of Germany. In Germany, Karl Liebknecht received a sentence of but two and a half years for the admitted crime of treason to the imperialist’ government in time of war. In New York Gitlow was sentenced to ten years for merely aiding in publishing a manifesto of the Communist elements within the socialist party. Comrade Gitlow’s record in the left wing of the socialist party and in the Communist movement parallels the history of that move- ment itself. As an effective fighter in the ranks of labor he is thoroly hated and feared by the capitalist class and its instrument of op- pression—the state, with its courts, police and prisons, Gitlow in jail forcibly exposes the fraudulent character of the democracy that we hear so much about. It is a direct hlow at free speech, and carried to its logical conclusion outlaws a political party embracing doctrines that challenge the supremacy of the capitalist class. The only reason the whole party is not still victimized is be- cause the contemptible scoundrels serving'the ruling class now try to revive in the minds of the workers the illusion of capitalist democracy that received such a rude jolt during and after the war. The capitalist government has the power to jail Gitlow today, but the time will come when the working elass of this country will batter down any jail that the ruling class may improvise to hold revolutionists, freeing them in order that they may*aid in the revolt that will place the capitalists in jail for their crimes against the working class. Furriers in Convention The convention of the Furriers’ Union that opened in New York yesterday is a mile-post in the struggle of the rank and file to wrest control of the organization from the hands of the reactionary officials and place it in the hands of representatives of the membership, who will str nize the industry and defend the interests of the e to 0 workers against the employers. The present policy of the reactionary officialdom, led by President Morris Kaufman, is to crush the mili- tant members and wreck every attempt to improve the conditions in the shops. ‘ Like the whole reactionary officialdom of the American labor movement the petty despots of the Furriers’ Union strive to enforce autocratic rules against the demands of the membership by endeavor- ing to exterminate those who fight to improve conditions. When they are acked as officials they raise a loud clamor that the union has been attacked. Like the Gompersites of the A. F. of 4. they i ize themselves as the union. Organized under the influence of the labor-hating, reactionary Jewish Daily Forward and the socialist clique of Jabor lieutenants of capitalism, the Furriers’ officialdom will fight.to the last in order to continue in strategic positions that will enable them effec- tively to serve the employers. The left wing is organized upon the principle of fighting for the elementary demands of the membership; a program that will nization and enable it to function against the fi 8 strengthen the or; bosses. This is the line-up: The left wing fifhting against the bosses, challenging the power of the entrenched right wing defending the interests of the bosses. Ms 4 . . . Pawns of Imperialism French frightfulness against the Druse tribesmen, that brought all of Syria into the struggle and reached a climax in the storming of Damascus, was ci fed out under the orders of General Sarrail, a staunch supporter of the Herriot radical socialist clique. In the anti-climax of this struggle the socialists expose still more flagrantly their role as agents of imperialism. In the sessions of the chamber of deputies the latter part of last week the Communist members severely assailed the government’s policy and demanded to know the facts regarding the revolt of the Jebel Druses, the stofming of Damascus and the whole of the story of General Sarrail. Aristide Briand, minister of foreign affairs, in an effort to save the Painleve government, proposed adjournment of the discussion until the return of Sarrail. Tho Briand despises the socialists and it is known that his polit maneuvering is toward the creation of a powerful center bloc with Poincareites, the depraved socialists sup- ported his move in the chamber, thereby enabling the Painleve gov- ernment to remain in power. The Communists alone fought against a continuation, of the Syrian war and demanded withdrawal of French troops and the liberation of Syria, while the socialists, true to their type thruout the world again demonstrated the fact that imperialism can always rely upon their support. As betrayers of the working class and the “sol moyement for liberation they play acrole not Jess, vile than f the armed mercenaries who conduet the actual | Adley THE DAILY Before Communist Women's Congress My report will be brief. The point of greatest importance is to hear the reports given by the representatives of the individual sections. ‘The task set the International Wom- en’s Secretariat was the execution of the decisions of the V. World Con- gress and of the International \Com- munist Women’s Conference. This task consisted of the complete ideolo- gical and organisatory incorporation of Communist work among women in- to the general work of the Party. This task has nothing to do with the ques- tion of the right and duty of women comrades to co-operate, on terms of perfect equality as members of the Sections, in all work, actions and struggles in the Communist Parties, This right and this duty are beyond question. Our task is to win over the broad masses of working women for the principles of Communism, and to make them so at one with these prin- ciples that their faith becomes action. The masses of proletarian women must be induced to take part in all the economic, political, and social struggles of the proletariat and to do this under the leadership of the Com- Pmunist Parties and of the Communist International. Organization Work Necessary. The Communist Parties must create suitable organs for the accomplish- ment of this task. In every leading body—from the national Central down to the nucleus—one member is to be specially entrusted with the duty of systematically organizing the work among the masses of the women. This 1 member—whether a man or A woman (Continued from page 1). minorities: Peasants Appeal for Aid. “To all workers’ and peasants’ or- ganizations. “Help us to defend ourselves and do not allow the Polish hangmen to continue making’ game of the White Russian peasants. Do not allow the destruction of the trade union and other workers’ organizations of west- ern White Russia. “Comrades, workers and peasants: “We, the undersigned, workers and peasants of the Belostok region (West- ern White Russia) having escaped from the cruel Polish inquisition deem it our proletarian right and duty to ask you for help. Having been wit- nesses_of the brutalities and cruel mockery of the hangmen of the Polish capitalists and landowners, and hay- ing ourselves been’ inmates of the dun- geons of the defensive (Polish intelli- gence department) from which we have escaped by sheer luck, we can- not remain silent but must tell you of the horrors perpetuated in Poland. “It is almost impossible to describe what is happening now in Dolsk, in the Belostok region. Campaign Against Workers. “In August the Polish intelligence department began a regular campaign to destroy the workers’ and peasants’ movement of the Belostok region. Every day tens and hundreds of ar- rested workers and peasants were ORKER , comrade-—must of counse receive the help of the necessary technical aids and auxiliaries, The work of the women’s secretary or women’s secre- tariat must be complemented by the co-operation of auxiliary organs; wom- en’s committees, women’s agitation committees, etc. The International Women’s Secretariat has set the ex- ample of complete incorporation. In every question it invariably. co-oper- ates with the corresponding working departments of the Communist In- ternational, It has done this with ref- erence to the Department for Agita- tion and Propaganda, the Organiza- tion Bureau and the Co-operative Department. It invites representatives of the various Sections to take part in its meetings. It’ co-operates” with the related revolutionary organiza- tions: the Red International of Labor Unions, the Peas * International, Youth International, International Red Relief and International Workers Aid. Unfortunately the, fdbological and organisatory~ incor; tion of Com- munist work among? exceedingly incompl of the Sections of few of the Communi the required apparatus. + Guard Against Erro Tendencies. The central incorporation of work among women has made the greatest progress in Germany. But there is still much left to be: desired here in the distriets and centres. In Franceé:the central organ has been created by the appointment of a woman secretary, but until quite re- cently her activity was confined al- most solely to Paris. In Italy earnest endeavors have been made towards the organization of a brot into Belsk from the various parts of the region. Those subject to arrest included all prominent trade union workers, all,peasants suspected by the intelligence department, workers in receipt of legal opportunist democratic) papers, White Russian teachers and anyone ‘denounced to agents of the intelligence department or by provocateurs. Arrests took place in Belostok, Zabludove, Suprasl, Mik- haelovo, and other villages and locali- ties. On the road to’ Belsk the ar- rested were beaten and ill-treated in every possible manner, ° “Among the arrested there ‘were old men and women anQ little children, who were taken in fied of relations who could not be foufd and whose ar rest was intended. |” “Towards the end “of August there were already 700 prisoners in Belsk. As the. prison could not hold them all some of’ them | 2 the hospital and in ks, How They Were Examined. “The arrested people were taken to the hospital where théy were stripped naked. Then they’ were taken to a room with drawn blinds where the higher police official’’ Were awaiting hem (the chief of thé'Thtelligence de- partment, Kozlovsky, the Commissary Schlussaltchik, and ‘others). Here the wild orgy begam.’The first ques- tion was: “Are you & Communist? and if a non-party peasant or worker answered that he was nét a Commun- ist, forms of torurte Wefe applied: un- known during the ezarist regime and luring the inquisition; the unfortun- ate person was gagged, bound and in 1 of hades fact that all stages in the tran-| sition from primitive hand work to the most highly developed capitalistic industry may be found in large areas in China is evident from a study of economic conditions as officially re- ported. While modern large-scale produc- tion takes place chiefly in the treaty ports and large cities of the coast the | interior places, even those of great importance and size, may, like Peking, | be characterized by a large number of! small establishments in which a few workers and apprentices work under the direct supervision of the master. Indeed in the majority of cases the owner toils side by side with his em- ployes. Rug Industry of Peking. UT of the thousands of workshops in Peking, designated as factories, | there are hardly a score which are of -any consequence, Most of them em- | ploy under, 100 workers and are only partly modernized. In the rug indus- try, for example, there were in 1920 |a total of 354 establishments. Of the | nineteen of these which were well- | known to the public the largest em- ployed 200 operatives and 8 appren- tices. The use of a very large num- | ber of apprentices as compared to skilled workers is shown in the fact | that the third in size hired 300 ap- | prentices to 30 trained weavers, An- | other place employed five operatives | with apprentices and another had but one craftsman with 31 apprentices. The apprentices were from 13 to 20 years old and their term ran for three years. They received their board and lodging and a meager allowance at the end of each year, The operatives were paid 20 cents to 30 cents for} each kung they finished, being requir- | ed to complete 30 kung a month, A kung is @ square foot of rug woven in) 9 warps and the same number of | woofs. The simplest rug factory requires a ' \ capital of less than $100 and is op- erated by the proprietor with a few apprentices In a native shack. Other Industries in Same Stage. Ou industrieg,in Peking are in the same intermediate stage. Out of over 100 co’ “only three have over 100 em) cluding hte (social) good apparatus, despite Fascism. Here there is a national women’s secre- tariat, reinforced by a national wom- en’s committee, composed of represen- tatives of the large provinces. 29 fed- eral women’s agitation committees have already sprung into existence, but the Party has not yet organized and developed the work sufficiently in the various centres, The apparatus is still exceedingly imperfect in England. The national woman secretary receives practically no technical aid, and in the various districts and centres there is a lack of organs making it possible to co- operate with the Central for the awak- ening and mobilization of the masses. Czecho-Slovakia possesses a well de- veloped apparatus for work among the women. Unfortunately, up to the Present we have no definite inform- ation as to the relation between the various departments, as to the or- ganizatory relations to the party executive, to the party press, etc. In the United States the organiza- tion— so it appears to us— does not seem to have been commenced on right lines of our work, This has however been the case in Austria and Holland. In Sweeden and Norway there are still many remains of the old social democratic forms. of organization. We have no definite data of the state of affairs in Poland, the party there being obliged to work iNegally or semi-illegally. As a general rule we find the two following erroneous tendencies with regard to the incorporation of women’s work into the general work of ‘the party. Despite the repeated decisions of the World Congresses this condition was thrown against the wall, the legs and arms were tied with a string, a stick was inserted and the victim was thrown into ‘the air. This procedure continued ag a rule until the victim fainted. Then cold water was poured on him or her and ‘the work’ began again. “Hot salt water mixed with urine ‘was poured down the throat of the victims. Needles were pushed under the nails; needles were also made red hot and stuck into the soles; the soles of his feet were then beaten and if the person under examination had not yet fainted, fire was applied to the soles, of his feet until he lost con- sciousness and then he was again re- vived. ; Confessions Forced, | “But if a peasant or worker, unable to stand the torture, ‘confessed’ that he was a Communist, he,was asked to give the name of the leaders, ete. As he did not know what answer to give to these questions, he, was again tortured. He was beaten on the head with sticks. Water was poured into the nose until the stomach, began to swell and a policeman gat on the swollen stomach, then the victim’s hair was torn out by the root. Lips were burned with lighted cigarettes, Commissary Schlussaltchik applied the burning cigarettes, and the bruis- ed and half-dead victim was thrown into the hospital until the next dose of torture. “The prisoners were not allowed to see relations nor to receive food. It was only permitted to bring under- elothes which had to be changed fre-j . apprentices. There are innumerable printing plants but only two of any size. Of the seven iron works the most important had 450 operatives and 170 apprentices. Only one other had over a hundred employes. The making of clossonne ware is an important. businega There is one larg 4 J panes cbc Clara Zetkin Reports On Work Among Women i there are still independent woten’s communist organizations, working side by side with the party. And on the other hand there is a tendency to deny the necessity of special system- atic work among the masses of pro- letarian women, by means of special grgans. Both tendencies must be over- come, What has been accomplished towards carrying out the work itself? The World Congress and the Women’s conference laid special emphasis upon the extreme importance of reaching the working women in the shops and factories, This is closely bound up with the reorganization of the party with regard to factory nucleus. work, and with the growing economic strug- gles of the proletariat. Unfortunately, work in this direction has not yet made much progress, Germany Accomplishes Most The best work has been done by tbe Communist Party in Germany, though even more’it is by no means perfect. A beginning has been madé with the work of organization among the working women in large indu- strial centers, such as Berlin, Saxony, Thuringia and Wurtemberg. The ini- tiative has been taken by the women’s departments, these entering into com-, munication with party and trade union functionaries. Special success is re- ported from the work among the women textile workers of Thuringia. In Gera it was possible to convocate a delegate’s meeting among the women textile workers, and this ele- cted a permanent women’s commitee. A commitee of women home workers’ was founded in Berlin, Systematic work towards organizing the women quently, the old ~underclothes which were saturated with blood were burned. . .People Move From Village. “Tt is difficult to find words to de- scribe the horrors inflicted on the in- habitants of Belsk. People were kept awake by the unearthly cries of the tormented prisoners. Many inlabitants of Belsk have left the place in order to escape witnessing this unheard of terror. “Panic reigns in the whole of western White Russia, Peaceful in- habitants are living continually in the fear that the same fate willbe meted out to them. Towns and villages are full of agents-provocateurs who bring more and more victims to the hangmen. “At present about 200 people are subjected to these tortures. Socialists Aid Hangmen. “The Polish bourgeois press and the pseudo-socialists—the Polish socialist party—deliberately keep silent about these prisoners and the horrors per- petrated on them, just as they keep silent about the mass arrests, and brutal tortures inflicted on the 3,000 Ukrainians and White Russians ar- rested in April, 1925, supplying the working class of Europe with lying statements on the position of the workers, peasants, and national min- orities in Poland. Send Delegations, “These prisoners have no opportun- ity, to tell anyone about their suffer- ings. Il treated and bruised they are without any help whatever. The ar- Small Industry in China sinwnoan factory with 350 workers. The rest are very small family affairs using hand labor only. The manufacture of glassware has been known to the Chi- nese for countless centuries yet the plants are generally small, using the crudest and mdst primitive methods. The largest employs 20 craftsmen to 110. apprentices. Two hosiery knitting mills out of the 76 were of any size. At that time the four mod- ern flour mills were closed because the imported flour from mills in America was cheaper, an interesting | illustration of the way in which the | more efficient, highly-paid labor of our |own country, scientifically exploited with capitalist control of huge sources of supply, can drive out of a native market its own home production, Child Workers Preferred. HE largest ieee oe establishment seems to have branch of the Tanhua Match company. Here over] 1,000 were employed. Of these one- half were children engaged in the packing dgpartment where it was stated they were preferred to adults “not because of the clieapness of their labor but because of the deftness of their hans However, the, fact of their working at less than half what the adults get very evidently played a considerable part in their selection. The Sonhoshin Brewery, the ofity Chinese-owned one in northern China, has 270 operatives and 200 appren- tices. The Peking Electric Light com- pany, which employs 290 men, accords the best working conditions and wages. Its employes receive from $10 to $70 a month with their meals. There is a pension for the injured and 30 per cent of the net profits go to the workers as a yearly bonus. Put a copy of ghe DATLY WORKER in your pocket when you go to your union meeting. | Sena for a ‘catalogue of all Com munist ng on was interrupted by the election cam- paign undertaken by the party. This fact shows the -weaknesses of our general party work in the shops and factories. The situation should have been utilized for mobilizing the women workers in the factories, In France the Paris Federation drew up an excellent program for work among the women workers in the fac- tories. The International Women’s Secretariat forwarded this to all Sec- tions as information and stimulation. Up to the present we have received no report on the actualization of this program, nor on the necessary exten: sion of the work to the great indus- trial centres in the provinces: the De- partment du Nord, Lyons and its en- virons, upper Alsatia, etc. Women In Ranks of Fighters. In England, Party work among the proletarian masses has been chiefly. confined to the miners, metal workers, and transport workers, these being the bearers of the Minority movement. Practically nothing has been done to- wards organizing the working, women in, the factories. The Minority move- ment has been extended too little to the trade unions in which women are organized. It is not sufficient to or- ganize women merely for the strug- gles against the employers, they are to be enlisted in the ranks of the fighters against trade union bureau- eracy; and among the champions of trade union unity. This must be done in all the coun- tries of the West. Here the women organized in trade unions are every- where supporters of trade union bu- reaucracy, altho this betrays the in- terests of the working women. i (To Be Continued) Call On World Proletariat to Protest Persecution _ dent wish of these prisoners is that the international proletariat and peas- antry should send workers’ and peas- ant delegations to Poland in order that e they should see for themselves to what length the Polish bourgeoisie aie and intelligence department are go- te ing, in order that they might see the tortured and bruised bodies of their. brother workers and peasants, Protest Against Terror. “In fulfillment of the request of the tortured prisoners, we, who have escaped from this hell, approach all workers’ and peasants’ organizations and all workers’ and peasant parlia- mentary fractions with the request to help the workers and peasants linger- ing in Polish prisons, to protest against the unheard of brutalities and insults and to send delegations to Poland,-where having convinced them- selves on the spot, in Belsk, that all what we had said is only an infini- tesimal part of the actual horrors, they will compel the Polish govern- ment to put a stop to the brutalities and atrocities, which are unprecedent- ed in the history of the wdrlo. “Stephan Savtshuk, Prushani dis- trict, Sherasheff, village Suikovsti- sena; David Lushka, Belsk district, Belovesh, village Kivatshino; Vikenty Sedon, Belsk district, Belovesh, vil- lage Kivatshino;. Vladimir Bartasse- vitch, Belsk district, Belovesh, village Kivatshino; Vladisslaw ~ Novitsky, Prushani district, Noskov, village Bartnovitsky; Pavel Komyuk, Prush- ani district, Noskov district, village Salesye.” PROVES WHITE THUGS BEGAN DETROIT RIOT State Witness Admits , Stones Were Thrown DETROIT, Nov. 9.—Clarence Dar row Saturday made his first suceess- ful assault on the contention of state's attorneys that the killing of Leon Breitner during a race riot here in September was unprovoked. The state has produced many wit- nesses who declared that while there were crowds around the home of Dr, Ossian H. Sweet, colored physician and chief of the eleven colored de- fendants on trial for murder, there was no sign of violence and that the two yolleys of gunshots came from the house without any move toward it being made by those outside. «But Saturday Edward Wettlaufer, a state witness, under ¢ross-examina- tion by Darrow, admitter that he had seen stones. thrown at the Sweet house. : “asky Is Optimistic That Fight on Movie — Trust Will Be Fizzle Charges of violation of the Sherman anti-trust law in the moving picture trust sponsored by the famous Play- ers-Lasky does not phase the vice president of the company one bit, he has made known to interviewers at the Drake Hotel wheer he attended conference and feast of executhive — and sales officials of the convene. . When asked about his guess of the outcome of the Nov 24th in 0 charges made by the examiner federal trade commission, Lasky replied that he was timistic.”