The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 10, 1925, Page 6

Page Six THE DAILYYWORKER ‘THE DAILY W ORKE Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHI co. 1113 W. Washington Blvd. ago, Il, Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only); By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to ‘THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Biva., Chicago, Illinois 7. LOUIS ENGDAHL } x WILLIAM F, DUNNE { MORITZ J. LOE Editors C caked La wyers a A loud clamor against crooked lawyers arises from th® capitalis press every time the defense lawyers of individuals charged with spectacular crimes seem to be getting the.edge on the prosecution. The bar association is implored to take drastic ion against these | lawye Aside from the interesting deviation away from the theory that people ¢ ed with crime are presumed innocent until proved guilty, and are entitled to the best defense available, the attitude taken toward criminal lawyers is noteworthy. ¢ Not only do the newspapers endeavor to convict the suspect be- fore the trial is completed, but they try to stigmatize the defense law- yers as accessories after the fact to the crime charged. Viewing the legal profession as a whole, the methods of prosecu- tion and ‘defense are identical. Neither side endeavors to ascertain the guilt or innocence of the object of the trial. The prosecution ignores facts that tend to prove innocense and endeavors to-frame- up the victim with perjured testimony of policemen, bribed wit- nesses and other mercenaries. Tho the prosecution may know the victim innocent, if they have succeeded in getting someone in their clutches that has been involved in crime before, or, what ig more frequently the case, has been a victim of the frame-up and the fright- fulness of the police third degree, they will endeavor to secure a conviction. Their political future depends upon an imposing list of convictions, regardless of how they were achieved. On the other hand, the defense attorne; tho they know the person they defend is guilty of the crime charged, will use every available loophole to liberate him. Not infrequently the defense law- yers have served their apprenticeship in the delicate art of the frame- up as prosecuting attorneys. In choosing the jury the legend prevails that they seek unbiased people—the peers of the suspected criminal. But instead of trying to secure unbiased jurors, each side endeavors by hook or crook to obtain stupid, mercenary individuals, who may favor their own side. Thus is the whole.procedure reduced to a farce; a lawyers’ game in which the fate of the victim becomes a matter of no moment. To ask the bar association to stop, this procedure is to ask them to abandon their profession. . Instead of an honored profession it reeks with all the class corruption of capitalism. Its impersonal view of crime is a fiction. Its dignity is belied by its truckling to the basest elements in society. To rail against this sort of thng, while leaving the capitalist sys- tem intact-is Quixotic. It is by such-methods that the lawyers dem- onstrate their ability to the ruling class to serve its interests. Facts ascertained in an unbiased tribunal regarding those suspected of crime will determine the outcome of trial only in a society where the impelling motive will be defense of the social organism and not truckling to every prejudice of a ruling slave-owning class. ose Speedy Recognition Both the United States and Britain have “provisionally” recog- nized the week-old Persian government of Reza Khan. Such haste is unusual in dealing with new governments. Those who have held the notion that the new head of Persia is the tool of Britain will view this recognition as vindication of their ideas. Nothing, however, is farther from the truth. Reza Khan is of the nationalist democratic group, which has worked and is working in close touch with Russia. He has the army and the overwhelming majority of the population behind him. Tho he is not definitely committed to continue a friendly attitude toward Russia, there is slight probability that he will desire to throw his power into the balance on the side of Great Britain. Unquestionably he will be offered flattering inducements to betray Persia into the hands of Britain and aid that bandit nation in its efforts to form a “sanitary cordon” around Russia. The people of Persia are not likely soon tg forget that it was the Bolshevik government that returned to them property and con- cessions (railroads, telegraphs, waterways, ete.) wrested-frqm them by “the czar; that cancelled the debts and renounced all other finan- cial claims on Persia and enabled the country to rise economically. Furthermore, in spite of the provisional recognition by Britain and America, the nationalist Persians and their leaders know that of all the nations Russia only guarantees their independence. When they view the international diplomacy of Russia, they see on every hand the sineere desire to liberate the nationals from the yoke of im- perialism. When they look at the awful devastation wrought by Britain, France afd the United States, they see imperialism in its most malignant form. And they should not have difficulty knowing which policy guarantees the perpetuity of their government. Correct—for Once It is seldom one finds anything to agree with in the weekly news service of the American Federation of Labor, but its issue of Satur- day, October 31, contains an observation that we ourvelves em- phasized in relation to the expulsion of Joseph Shafir from the Bank Clerks’ Union. It states that the bank officials “oppose the union and seck means to justify their course.” Precisely ! The accusation is well put! The bank officials welcomed the expulsion pf Shatir because they were aware of the driving force for improving the conditions of labor jn the bank. The Amalgamated Bank thus proves to all labor, the A. F. of L. as jell as the Communists, that its policy is anti-labor. Tho it blames Shafir, instead of the other members of the union who ready closed, the military prosecutor yoted his expulsion and who crawl before the officials of the bank, its interpretation of the motives of the bank is correct. We cannot accept its premises, but its conclusion is irrefutable. It says: _ “Shafir’s policy brought joy to bank officials, who oppose the union and who seek m s to justify their cours Again we say, this is something that should claim the attention of the rank and file of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers, who are placed in the same ridiculous position of encouraging scab labor as was that other labor banker, Mr. Warren 8. Stone, when his financial dnterests demanded # scab policy in conducting his coal mines. be - Get « member for the Workers Party for the DAILY WORKER, , 7 1 | | D SSPITE the optimism disseminat- ed by British and French states- men over the outcome at Locarno, the French colonial war in Syria car- ries the unrest of another worl war. If the revolt in Syria succeeds, the whole mandate policy of the league of nations falls. It not only means the loss of Syria to France, but also seri- ously endangers the English control over Irak, Thus it is to the interest of Britain to prevent the liberation-of | Syria as a league mandate. That does | not necessarily mean that Britain will aid France to maintain control, On the contrary it is probable that Bri- tain will endeavor to take advantage of the Syrian revolt to charge France with incompetency in the adminis- tration of the Syrian mandate. The mandates themselves, instead of preyenting war are the sources of new wars. This is plain as day whén the imperialist forces that motivated the struggle to secure mandates are known, During the progress of the war when the entente powers were indulging in expression of the most exalted sentiments regarding the un- selfish motives involved, the founda- tion for future conflicts were laid. 'N the struggle against Turkey, dur- ing the world war, there had to be an understanding between Britain and France concerning the spoils of a hoped-for-victory. In 1916, such a treaty was completed, under the terms of which France was granted ia and a part of Mosul. Britain HE following letter sent by Com- rade Ben Gitlow, candidate for mayor in the recent election, to the Teachers’ Union, is of sufficient im- portance in showing the position of Communists on the questions raised to merit publication: Dr. Henry R. Linville, President Teachers Union 70 Fifth Avenue, New York. Dear Dr. Linville: In‘ answer to the request of the Teachers’ Union for a reply to certain questions, I wish to express the stand of ‘the Workers Party. My replies herewith are subscribed to by the other candidates of the Workers Par- ty, to which you have sent your quéstionnaire. Kindly regard this an- swer, threfore, as the viewpoint of the Workers Party and its candidates, You have asked the following ques- tions: 1, Would you, as mayor, favor a fiscally independent board of educa- tion? 2, Would you endeavor to secure legislation to create an elected board of education? 3, Would you take steps to elimi- nate the influence of partisan poli- tics in the administration of the public schools ? e 4. Would you strive to build up a merit system by whigh the educa- tionally qualified would be promoted to the higher positions in the school system, without regard to the polit- ical, religious or racial connections of the applicants? 5. Would you, as mayor, favor the % 1%, Mandates in Syria and Ira A New Threat of World War played ona of its shrewd. diplomatic games here when it magnanimously refrained from openly demanding any- thing for itself. All the material ad- vantages were to go to poor suffering France, then bleeding under the sledge hammer blows of the German forces. England insisted that the bal- ance of Arabia, with the exception of Palestine, come under the domination of Hussein. But one little reserva- tion was made. This'territory was to become a “sphere” of fifluence” for England. Hussein “was\‘the agent of Britain. inating When ‘the war clbsed and the vic- torious nations met at Versailles, they were no longer ‘heroic allies, but grasping imperialist thieves and plun- derers, each striving to. secure the larger part of the looty. Mr. Lloyd George, representing Britain, harbor- ed no illusions regarding the mission of the entente ‘to bring the millenium on earth. Among other advantages he secured for Great Britain the man- dates for Palestine and’ Mesopotamia. In the first discussions"he demanded all of Syria. ‘This demand was made for purposes of negotiations and to give the appearance of diplomatic yielding to preserve..the.entente cor- diale. It is, sometimes,.necessary to abandon temporarily a desired advan- tage and find other means to obtain the same result. INGLAND* has a very definite in re- lation to Palestine, Syria, Arabia and Irak, That is to so manipulate the mandates, to transfer the control of territories that it can realize the establishment of the Rio schedules for the salaries of New York City teachers based as the schedules are on the principle of attempting to re- store the purchasing bower of the pre-war dollar? Se Rss 6. Would you, as mayor, stand, un- qualifiedly for a reduction in the size of classes, as well as for a radical change in the school building program whereby | the continued, erection of huge factory-like schools would be prevented? wing 7. Would you fayor the, representa- tion of organized Jaber and of the teachers themselves, on the board of education? ant ry I gee: all, we wish to take this occasion to asstre your organiza- tion of our support in your efforts to organize the teachers;j to establish academic freedom for. hers. The Workers Party is wh accord with the Teachers’ its efforts to re-establish the standing of Glasberg and in its le against censorship legislation Of the type of the Lusk law. We,shajl support you fully in your efforts to establish the right of the teacher to his own opin- fons, and his right to place before the pupils all the facts, jeularly in the social sciences., We. hope that the interest the Teachers’ Union is taking in the issues of,the present campaign, will ultim: , Brow to the point where you will demand the formation of a party in this city which will speak in the interests of the or- ganized workers—a lal Party. As employees of the sta city gov- ernment, teachers shou the first to realize the tpvbeiieds of a polit- DOBROGIANU TELLS OF HORRIBLE PRISON CONDITIONS AGAINST WHICH GOLDSTEIN WENT ON HUNGER-STRIKE By A. DOBROGIANU. I made the acquaintance of Max Goldstein at the time of the first great Comrhunist trial—in the so-calleé “trial of Deabul Spiral.” On the eve of the opening of the trial, we, the defendauts, were trans- q ferred from Gilewa and Vacaresti to some barracks in Bukharest. Most of the arrests were made in the first half¢—————_,-___,—_________ of 1920 thruout Roumania. According to the state of the social- ist movement then, the various groups of the arrested comrades were organ- izationalty connected with each other. Moreover, most of the participants of the legal socialist copgress of May, 1920,:were also arrested because they voted for ‘adherence to the Commun- ist International. The bourgeoisie scented its real ene- my, who, in spite of all his “infantile diseases,” is destined to overthrow it. Apart from justifiable feelings of hos- tility towards the newly formed Com- munist Party not a single punishable offense could be proved. The trial was postponed from month to month. Goldstein Arrested. Then came an unexpected incident. Max Goldstein was arrested while at- tempting to enter the country. Altho the investigation of our cases was al- connected it with the senate-outrage. There was no legal connection wha ever between these acts, but this was merely a detail for the authorities; the government and the military command could thereby get out of an unpleasant situation. Thus at the end of January began the trial of the 275 accused, which was to last six months. We were put up in four large adjoin- ing barrack rooms, but Max Goldstein, whom all 8 were anxious to 6 was not nero to come among us. All our-inquiries remained without an answer, It was only known that he |44 charged with serious offenses, had been’ removed frotH the cell where he was kept in Vacuresti. In the early moraifig accompanied only by the officer\on guard Max Goldstein was brot tothe lavoratory Separate from us. Héi made signs to us thru the windows; he had been beaten during the night. During the trial he was brot into!®ur department. The department of those charged with’ serious offences. Henceforth we “lived” together invthe room of the Use Terror’ Regime. To intimidate us afd to make our defense more difficult or even impos- sible we were subjected to a terror-regime. We were even ed of writing mai , and in court the barrels of thi ‘machine guns were levelled at us.’ But threats were not enough for the authorities. Ill- treatment and torture were resorted to, But the worst were the punish- ment cells. Seven coffins standing up- right, provided with a small window, ong them the so-called “Max-pun- ishment cell.” . “This cell was specially constructed for Max Goldstein, it was even small- er than the others, altho Max Gold- stein {s of a powerful build. It was even impossible to turn round in these cells, The first time I was in it I found after the first half hour that I could not brea and I had an at- tack of incessant . One did not for reasons or even pretexts for punishment. In the evening the pega «Pn were to be dream of British imperialism: a Cape to Cairo railway and extension of this to Calcutta, thus joining the contin- ent of Africa with that of Asia. The rapid expansion of new markets of the east and the development of in- dustrial capitalism in India, create this necessity for British imperialism. France also has imperialist ambi- tions that come into conflict with Britain. The struggle over Mosul oil finds) France backing the Turks against Britain. In Morocco both France and Britain furnished guns and ammunition to the Riffs to drive out Spain. That accomplished there will begin a struggle for domination between the two nations. Already French troops are taking up the struggle that Spain was losing, in order that France may intrench itself in northwestern Africa, and exploit the mineral resources of that territory. While Britain had a hand in the Riff affair there is nothing to indicate that the revolt in Syria was encour- aged from that source. This move- ment originated thru the despicable trightfulness on the part of General Serrail, the representative of Herriot, and the left bloc, to throttle the Druse tribesmen, and inflamed into insur- rection the smouldering hatred of the Syrians for the French conqueror, But now that the struggle has started England will endeavor to take advan- tage of it. Ts revolt of the Syrians consti- tutes a grave menace to British control over the mandated territory of Irak, and the British press is non- committal on the ruthlessness of the French, That is: because Britain it- self may be forced to step in and aid in crushing the revolt. But it does not mean that France will continue to exercise the mandate of the league. The last assembly (sixth) of the league of nations -was a British triumph. Britain ousted France from the domination of the league. While British troops are heavily concentrated in Palestine, on the bor- der of Syria, preparatory to invading the territory if the situation becomes menacing, it will also use the league machinery to prepare the way for eli- minating France Under the terms of the treaty of Versailles on the srginds that France is incapable of carrying out the mandate. Tho these mandates are enforced for the benefit of given nations and by the favored nation, the nations are responsible to the league and theore- tically are carrying them out as the representative of the league. In case any nation fails. jn carrying out its mandate, then the league can revoke it and place another nation in charge of the territory. IRANCE is desperate in face of this menace and therefore, is using all the frightfulness of modern warfare to maintain control. The cabinet of Painleve and Briand js tolerated by all capitalist elements in France in spite of the currency crisis because they are united in the Syrian cam- oaign by fear of Great Britain and he consequences of failure to main- ain control, Better Schools, Under Teachers’ and Labor ical party serving their interests. This is particularly borne out by the recent experience of the teachers at the hands of both political parties ‘in the last salary campaign, where the moderate demands of the teachers were brushed aside without proper consideration. Only when the teachers are represented by a party of labor, a labor party, can they hope to have their interests protected. In spite of every assurance of re- spect due your organization, we feel that we cannot fully agree with all the proposals which you have put forward in your questionnaire. Ww favor an elected and paid board of education, with labor and teacher representation. Such a board should be fiscally independent, in our opinion. The addition of teacher and labor representation would afford the possibility of insuring the welfare of the teachers and of the childre. of the workers of the city, to a greater extend than under the present board consisting of business men and lawyers. - ‘We cannot, however, agree with Mr. Waterman when he demands the elimination of partisan politics from the schools. We are heart and soul for “partisan politics” in the school, not the, present corrupt system of Politics in the control of big business but rather political control by labor, through its own chosen representa- tives. Masking under the guise of non-partisanship there are hidden the most insidious forces of the capitalist class, as typified by Mr. Waterman. As long as the present social system with its control of the schools and | MAX GOLDSTEIN SRAM ASTM BOE punished were fetched according to a lst drawn up by the military prosecu- tor. There were among them those whose parents had found the sums of money demanded too high and had not come to terms with him. A be- gitning was made with Bessarabian comrades and they did not even scruple to shut two young women comrades into one punishment ce! by slamming the door of the cell. ‘They were left for a whole hour in this terrible position. Await Sentence in Torture Cells. But generally comrades are con- demned to days and days in the pun- ishment cells before sentence has been passed on them, Comrade Max Gold- stein was without much ado condemn- ed to ten days in the punishment cell —ten awful days and nights, taken out of the punishment cell to be drag- ged to court, and back again into the cell. How terrible the Control Demanded by Gitlow other agencies of education in the hands .6f,the wealthy classes exists, there will be partisanship in favor of that ruling class. Me ‘Waterman also favors the merit isystem for promotion to higher positions “in the educational system. With’-this «stand, again we cannot agfeé|-‘Examinations and merit quali- fi¢ations such as the established by thé! board of education and the civil se¥vice board do not preclude the possibility of the selection ef a super- visdryofficer with a most backward sdeial viewpoint. Such an officer has the *children and the teachers over whom‘he. has control. In the selec- toett of supervisory officials, we should favdF a system of democratic selec- tion, supervisors to be selected by the teachers themselves through a system of teachers’ councils. = i’ We are thoroughly opposed to the présent’type of school. We are for sigHer classes, and the introduction f° all features which have been in- corporated in the modern experi- meiital. schools—experimental meth- ois, frée. lunches, dental treatment, medieval care and physical equipment which will conserve the health of the children and the teachers, and make fo¥‘a more congenial environment in the®schoolroom than we find at the present: time, Weare thoroughly in favor of the revision’ of teachers’ salaries to meet thetinerease in the cost of living. Since: we feel that the present divi- sloh of teachers on the basis of grade of-class.is unfair. to both teacher and pupil, we would ask that any revision [ee e waiting for the monient when one will be able to leave the cell for a little while. How cruelly slow seems the time when one is waiting to get out for a little fresh air. But the officers were waiting for Comrade Max Gold- stein outside the punishment cell door (called coffin lid). As soon as he came out they began to box his ears, to beat him, they threw him on the ground and they kicked him. “And di- rectly after: this “evening roll call”— back again into the punishment cell. If he protested the hangman-sergeant (who subsequently shot Comrade Fili- peneu) thrust a stick thru the aper- ture and hit out blindly striking the head, the nose and the jaws. After he had served ten days he was given another ten days of which, however, five were remitted. ‘Beat Goldétein Daily. Dead tired, tortured, in chains, beaten black and blue in the face and his feet terribly swollen, our comrade was dragged every day before the military court, But he did not flinch before any torture, he was brave, he accused the ministers who had come to give evidence against him (among others Argettoriatiu, today an ally of the peasant party) of being the cause of the vengeance of the working class whose instrument Max Goldstein cony siders himself to be. And, in fact, he was not more than that. I knew this man well whom the 1h | bourgeoisie represents as a blood- thirsty anarchist—so good natured and sensitive. He was full of sym- pathy and solidarity with the suffer- ings of other comrades, always bent on establishing the truth against the attempts of the ‘intelligence depart- ment to represent the Communist Party as a participant in the out- rage. ‘ “ He took part wholeheartedly in our struggles, and it was with extreme difficulty that we could persuade him not to join our hi strike after the tortures he had @ in the cof- fin cell for nearly a fortnight, thé power to do great harm to both | “By HM. Wicks Failure in the Syrian war will plate France in the humiliating position, of being forced by the league to’ abén- don its mandate. The inevitable ‘re- sult of auch an eventuality will be’ to place the mandate in the hands of Britain. URES This humiliation will not be toler- ated if France has enough vitality, to resist, or if she can get the backiig of American imperialism, itself wak- ing economic war against Britain \in every part of the world. Unquesti ably Wali Street will come to the’reat’* cue of its investments in Europe and aid France, first With money and mu itions and fitally, with arms. The mandates. constitute a powde! magazine and Syria may be the spark that will set it off with a detonation conflagration eélipsing anything ‘man- kind has ever witnessed. ath Capitalism has shown great’ re sourcefulness: thus far in avoiding open breaks between the victors of the last war, bat each of the threats becomes more. difficult to overcome. With the colonjals. and the slaves of the mandated areas rising against im- perialism, the. period of diplomacy’ will merge into open warfare. ”' Nothing can prevent it except swiae: spread colonial. resistance, combi with the rise of the proletariat int home countries. Such a war will be the last imper- ialist war, and bring forcibly onto’ thé stage of history the next wave of thé world revolution, carried out thru civil wars against the capitalist class ‘n every country. oe cf | which isy made, be proportionately greater for the lowest paid teachers, so as to lead ultimately to the es | lishment of the single salary schedule, | under which teachers of all grades | would be placed .upon — the: ‘88 schedule, with proper. reward for ex perience and study. he. B ig is the opinion of the Workers | Party which I represent that-or- | ganized Jabor and the teachers, the two groups. most interested in the pro- | gress of education, can look for little | improvement in, the public school sys- tem under the capitalistic system of society. It.is, our. belief that the only basis for any.fundamental change in the system: of education is the oyer- throw of the capitalist system and't substitution.,for it. of a workers’ an@ farmers’ republic like that, in Rusgia. sub- Russia today, as conclusively stantlated by the British. trade unt report, is, the. only country wiheh | attempting to establish an educational system which is intended to develop the capabilities of the children, not in the interests-of an exploiting class, but on the contrary, to develop e latent forces of childhood to fw the interests of the working class and to promote the welfare of society as a whole... -- If you desire to confer with me on the subjects,, mentioned, I shall ‘be glad to meet, your committee ‘on Saturday. I suggest that you call up this number, if you desire to ce an appointment. Fraternally yours, (signed) Benjamin Gitlow, Candidate for mayor on the Work- ers Party ticket. FS » Try to Punish Him Morally. The hangman wanted to punish him morally as well as physically.“ They warned me, for instance, not to chess With him, which of course, an incentive to me to play ches: him oftener than before. ~ e Frequently, when the comrades were asleep, Max Goldstein. was awake and thinking of the. dark: tn- ture before him. Being a ‘thoroly sentimental creature, he was oy. whelmed by feelings of love for: relatives, and in his weak m I heard him sob and turn round his bed, He told me: “It is true thet Thave a hard.time of it now, but will it beim Doftatay” =” By A Workér spo 4 ROCHESTER, 'N, Y., Nov. 8-How reactionary \nion officials try to &ét control of meetings, called to : and protest against their y the workers, while at their own union meetings they not only limit the | cussion but deny the floor to” gressives, Was demonstrated at week's meéting of the needle’ workers, when Sister Ida spoke to a tightly packed audience % the Labor Lyceum, € ‘That her address was effective proved by the fact that a number officials of the Amalgamated | Workers were present and got | selves thoroly ridiculed by the and filers, i Several of them spoke for as as ten, fifteen or twenty each, Later, they were seen out of the hall when Sister replied to their slanderous. dle She pointed out pn herself hn been denied the at their, t ings, Re i Build ha aan: ‘eo sy ree Re A \! \ that will rock the world, causing: a” ~