The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 30, 1925, Page 2

ae ray ‘i Page Two MITCHELL ON TRIAL BEFORE COURT MARTIAL Hero of the Militarists| Scores Points WASHINGTON, Oct. 28,—Colonel Billy Mitchell, the stormy petre! of the army air service, started off his court martial today with a trio of victories. On the ground that three of the generals sitting as his judges were prejudiced against him, personally and officially, he successfully challen- ged their right to sit in judgment upon him, and they retired. One of them was Maj. Gen. Charles Summer- all, the presiding officers of the court; another was Brig. Gen, Albert Bow- le,, and the third was Brig. Gen, F. W. Sloden. Bowley went first, after some con- sultation among the 12 generals com- prising the court. Reid challenged “personal prejudice” personal direction. This prejudice, Reid contended, was due to a report Mitchell had made while assistant chief of the army air service condemning Summerall’s handling of aviation while in com- mand of the Hawaiian department. In his report, Mitchell said, Summerall “knew nothing of aviation.” Summerall immediately arose, ad- mitted he had criticized Mitchell and asked to be excused from the court. Summeral far at Mitchell’s Third Technical Victory A few minutes later, Mitchell ran his string of tactical victories to three by peremptorily challenging the availiability of Brig. Gen. Fred W. Sladen, commandant at West Point, to sit, and Sladen was dismissed with- out further ado. The retirement of Gen. Summerall made Maj. Gen, Robert L. Howze the presiding officer of the court. Array of Judges As finally constituted, Mitchell’s jury included: Major General William S. Graves, commandant of the sixth (Chicago, Ill.) corps area; and Major General Benjamin A. Poore, com- mandant of the seventh (Omaha, Neb.) corps area. With the court reorganized, Reid arose to make a motion) challenging “the jurisdiction” of the court, Reid read, as a part of the record the long statement given out by Mitchell at San Antonio, Texas, last September, in which he charged army and navy heads with “an almost treasonable administration” of aviation, with “openly distorting facts or telling un- truths” about aviation and with a “disgusting lack of aircraft know- ledge.” It was this statement, which led to Mitchell's court martial. Mitchell looked his judges over carefully while Reid’s voice droned out the charges. The jury of generals held a scattered array of poses. War Lords Pose Howze, McCoy, and Winans watch- ed Reid, MacArthur, the debonair, left his eyes on Mitchell. Graves and King, old “war-dogs,” were bored by the speech. After finishing the statement ,Reid added: “We contend there is nothing in this statement which violates any military law or any article or war.” At the request of the court, Reid then gave way to Lieut. Col. Joseph I. MeMullen, assistant judge advocate, who read the formal charges and spe- cifications against Mitchell. “Let the defendant arise,” said Gen. Howze. Mitchell arose and remained stand- ing while McMullen droned out the charges again. Raise Free Speech Issue Frank R. Reid, of Illinois, chief of Mitchell’s civilian counsel, charged the military court had no power to try Mitchel] on the charges brought in the citations ordered issued by President Coolidge. All the charges, Reid said, were based on two state- ments issued by Mitchell while at San Antonio, Texas last September. “The first article of the constitu- tion provides that congress can make no law abridging freedom of speech,” said Reid. “And Colonel Mitchell was entirely within his constitutional rights. when he issued these state- ments.” | largest i thru which to guide and shape the pol- | | fits and privileges | A-N.LC. Takes Rap at Green —_| (Continued from page one) properly to the congress in session as- | sembled | “The congress would not have buen surprised to be denounced by the enemies of labor but certainly did not expect to be denounced by the responsible head of a great labor or ganization which includes in its ranks the largest number of organized Ne- gro workers and which thereby had the power, if it desired, to have the delegation in the congress icies of the congress in session. Try to Destroy Movement. “Such an attack upon the congress, | therefore, cannot fail to be interpret: | ed by the majority of Negro workers | as an unwarranted attempt to. de-| stroy their first nation-wide effort to find their place in the organized la- | bor movement and will tend to con-| firm their suspicions of the sincerity | of those labor organizations which do | no more than pass paper resolutions | about unity of black and white work- | ers, “The American Negro Labor , Con- gress, therefore, deeply deplores this erroneous and harmful attitude and calls upon the American Federation | of Labor to correct this misleading | characterization of this congress and to co-operate with it whole-heartedly to realize in fact that unity of the black and white workers of America which alone can incur their protec- tion, advancement, and emancipation.” SR bE A delegate sent to the convention by the state of Oklahoma presented the following credential from Goy- ernor M, E. Tropp: “To all to whom these presents shall come, “Greetings, “Know ye, That reposing special trust and confidence in the ability and integrity of Frank W. Reed of Oklahoma City, I, M. E. Tropp, gov- ernor of the state of Oklahoma, do hereby appoint and commission him a delegate to the National Labor Con- gress of Colored Workers to be held in Chicago, Illinois. “Given under my hand at the city of Oklahoma City, the twentieth day of October, in the year of our lord, nineteen hundred and twenty-five. Year of the independence of the United States of America one hun- dred and fiftieth. “M. EB. Tropp, “Governor of the state of Okla- homa.” (SEAL) At yeseterday’s session, the follow- ing resolution was adopted by the American Negro Labor Congress on race discrimination and social equal- ity in which the Negro workers de- mand that all forms of race discrim- ination, whether they be residential, union affiliation or scholastic be abolished and demand that the Ne gro workers be given the same bene- that the white workers are entitled to. The reso- lution follows in full: “The so-called democratic society in the United State of America is so organized that a distinction is made between races. Regardless of writ- | ten laws, political and civil rights are not given to the Negro in the same degree as to persons of the white race. Especially in the southern states nearly all rights as men and citizens are taken away from the Ne- gro. It is a fundamental custom of public life to treat the Negro as an inferior caste both in the North and in the South. Segregation. “The Negro people are confined to the most miserable residence. dis- tricts as an outcast people who can- not choose their place of residence among the general population. We are segregated in miserable separate railroad cars as tho we were cattle unfit to mix with human beings. In many cases we are segregated in sep- arate labor unions, or denied the right to organize at all. Tx’ employ- ment we are generally segregated, be- ing confined to the hardest and most disagreeable kinds of labor. Our chil- dren are in many places not permit: ted to attend the general public schools, but begin life as a segregated caste. Negro teachers are not per- mitted to teach according to their ability in most of the public schools. In hotels, restaurants, theaters and such places of public resort for the general population, we are usually excluded and driven away at the Cost of much inconvenience, sufferingand humiliation, POLISH POLICE USE FIENDISH METHODS TO GAIN CONFESSIONS MOSCOW, Oct. 28.—In spite of all the measures taken by the police at the borders of Poland for concealing the fact that White Russian peasants have been totured, the executive committee of the International “Red Aid recently succeeded in obtaining particulars from the Bielostok district. Thus it is finally established that the judiciary examination was conducted not only by the border police, but also the Bielostok public prosecutor, Klink, per sonally, During one day alone, August 29, the following pe intst were totured: The bailiff of the village Grabovetz, Lounin community, Bielski district; Golous Nestor, village Kozly, Vassilkov community, same district; Goloub P., Savehinski, Biechik community; Konrad town of Bieisk; Remoulski, Bielsk; Krashko D., village of Grabivetz; Miserski; Ossipchouk M., village of Augoustovo, and Bogdan Jan, The above mentioned peasants were tortured by suspension from iron bari and the pouring of hot urine thru the nose. The police then stripped the arrested women and among other tortures they poured alcohol, on their sex organs and then set fire to them, grade our people to a place of in- equality in the nation, either legal- ized or established by traditions show that a racial caste. system is a funda- mental féature of the social, indus- trial and political organization of this country. This social degrading of our people, which has become as consciously a part of the political sys- tem' that a late president of the United States publicly declared a po- litical ‘Uncompromisingly every suggestion of social y'——this social regarding is a question of relationships be- principle not }tween individuals, but a question of relationships of classes, It is an at- tempt to create and perpetuate a permanent class of doubly exploited workers at the bottom of the social system, Intent upon holding down the workers of all races as a general lower class, our masters wish to make us a lower class within a lower class. The white worker must be made to realize that this discrimina- tion against the Negro worker comes |back against him ultimately. To re- duce the Negro worker to a lower level, tends to drag the whole work- ing class down to a similar level; and in the South where the caste system is most extreme the condition of the poor white people is the proof. Social Equality. “The first American Negro Labor Congress solemnly believes that the Negro workers and farmers of this country will abolish the system of race discrimination. We declare that race discrimination, degradation and general inequality of racial groups—the whole caste ! system— must be absolutely and completely abolished. “We demand the full equality of the Negro people in the social system of the United States and everywhere. Against social unqalifiedly refuse to regard people as inferior in any respect. our discriminate against our people, tion “of races. mand,.not only for our own race, but an inherent difference between races are fgnorant and unscientific if not | pure hypocrisy. We demand: “LePhe abolition of all laws which resultvin segregation. --Abolish Jim Crow Cars. “2. The abolition ‘of all Jim Crow laws. “3. The abolition of all laws which disfranchise the Negroes, or any working people, on the basis of color or race or place of birth, ancestry, the lack of a permanent home, the lack of property, or for any other reason. “4, The abolition of all laws which forbid the intermarriage of persons of different races. “5. The abolition of all laws and public administrative measures which prohibit or in practice prevent col- ored children or youths from attend- ing the general public schools jor uni- versities. “We also take notice of those estab- lished customs which discriminate against Negroes in practice, altho not written into law. We demand: No Discriminations! The abolition of the right of landlords and real estate agents to “4, in renting or selling homies and to this purpose we demand that the (Continued on page 4) HUGHES ON STUMP FOR WATERMANN INN. Y, ELECTIONS Workers Forgotten in Campaign Talk (Special to The DAILY WORKER.) NEW YORK, Oct. 28. — Charles Evans Hughes, secretary of state un- der Harding and for a time under Coolidge, entered actively into the municipal elections here last night by advocating the election of Frank D. Waterman on the republican ticket. Waterman is the proprietor of the notorious open shop establishment manufacturing fountain pens that bear his name. There is no such thing as union recognition in his fac- tories and he is a typical industr' ist, paying starvation wages to many of the girls and women in his indus- try. In the “Oil” Cabinet. Mr. Hughes, who was the most prominent cabinet member in the in- famous oil cabinet that included Al- bert B. Fall, Harry M. Daugherty and Edwin Deyby, assailed Tammany Hall and Governor Smith as incompetent and proposed a Waterman “business administration.” Banners carrying the legend “Say It With Shovels” were conspicuously displayed thru- out the hall, This is the slogan of Waterman, who says that he will build subways if elected. Hughes’ talk was a typical har- rangue and ignored the pressing prob- lems of the -workers of New York, whose interests are. voiced only by Ben Gitlow and the Workers (Com- is arousing many avorking class sec- “These social customs which de- inequality we raise the standard of social equality. We “We demand the abolition of all laws, which openly or by subterfuge or which in any way recognize a distinc- To champion this de- also’for all other races, yellow or brown. We declare that all claims of tions with red. t. rallies, r 1 saa ‘ THE DAILY, WORKER SILK WORKERS ON STRIKE AGAINST SPEED-UP SYSTEM Build Mill Committees to Unify Struggle By ALBERT WEISBORD. PATERSON, N. J., Oct. 28.—About 300 workers employed in the Hillcrest Silk Co, plant in West New York, N. J. hay gone out on strike. The work- ers used to work two looms for a cer- tain rate. Now they will be forced to work three and four looms at a much lower rate with the result that they will be really forced not only to work twice as hard but even after their harder work will have less money in their pay envelope to show for it. A committee of the workers went to see,the boss yesterday, Friday, but the boss said there was nothing to change, nothing to negotiate about, Before that the company official tried to fire one of the most active and spirited of the workers, fellow work- er Martin, A discussidm énsued at the end of which all the workers in the place walked out, Call Out All Workers. The central bureau of the United Front Committees of Textile Workers in the person of ite secretary, Albert Weisbord; immediately took charge of the sitwation. A strike yote was taken Friday evening and with great enthusiasm it was’ unanimously de- cided to strike the plant until the com- pany gives in. All of the workers in the plant will be called out whether they belong to any union or not and a real united front presented to the bosses. One of the demands of the workers will be now that the boss recognize their committee permanently. A mill work- ers’ organization will be effected and the organization linked up with the United Front Committee of Textile Workers. Unity Based on Mill Committees. The United Front Committee of Tex- tile Workers is an organization that has for its purpose the amalgamation of all unions in the textile industry on the basis of shop councils and mill committees, It raises the demands of organization of the unorganized and! goes into unorganized territories creat- ing united front committees from the workers themselves. It is not another union, but strives to weld'tinions to- gether. The workers of West New York have raised the alarm for the rest of the silk workers. Fight against wage cuts! Fight against the speed-up! Fight for real mill committees and one union in® the textile industry! A united front of the workers against the united front of the bosses! Two Big Meetings in New York on Soviets’ Eighth Anniversary NEW YORK CITY, 28—C.. B. Ruthenberg, general secr - of the Workers Party, will speak dt the Cen- tral Opera House, New York,.and at Miller’s Grand Assembly Hall, Brook- lyn, on Nov. 6 at the two, big mass meetings to be arranged i-New York City to celebrate the ei; annivers- ary of the Russian revolution and to pledge the solidarity of the, American discriminate against the colored race4 Wo'kers with the Russia workers’ republic. ¢e Other speakers will be Gitlow, Krumbein, Manley, M. J, Olgin, S Don, Stachel, Lifschitz, Pruseka, Wolfe; chairmen, Weinstone and Rebecca Grecht. F The Freiheit Gesangs Ferin has been secured for the Central Opera House meeting and will give a program of revolutionary songs. Gregory Ma tisevich, concertinist, has also been secured for the same meeting. Admission is 50c and tickets can be secured from the district office or any of the Workers Party branches. Left Wing Leads Strikers’ Drive in Bosses’ Injunction (Continued from page one) These followed the lead set by the militants earlier. It is expected that the fight against the International Tailoring Co. will continue to be led by the left wing. Official Bar Militants The pickets were then ordered to report at Webster Hall. But at the - | door the officials barred the left wing. ‘When these workers protested against being excluded from an official meet- ing, Patofsky called for the aid of the same police which had been used against them on the picket line and with their assistance kept out the left wing elements. A number of locals have declared their intention to demand the repeal of the injunction which is a dangerous threat against the entire labor move- ment of this city and to protest against the brutality of the police. Natives Marvel a’ MOSCOW, Oct, 28.—' plane cruising over Ki 20 ciredlar flights, megting with en- thuslastic reception rywhere by the natives, who are seeing an alr- plane for the first time in» their life. munist) Party,the,campaign of which |The flights have been” organized by the Siberian branch of the “Friends ” of Aviation.” | Communists in Germany “Go to the Masses” and Make Big Forward Stride By J. LOUIS ENGDAHL. HT PAY the figures finally arrive on the municipal elections held in Berlin. last Sunday showing that the Communist Party made the biggest gains. This fact accounts for the si- lence of the cables that bring “foreign news” to the editorial sanctums of the capitalist dailies. Maintenance of complete silence was their chosen method of keeping this information from the workers of the United States. * * ° It is well to remember that this is the same kept press that gave much publicity to the declarations of the German “socialist” trade union delegation of fifteen, that attended the recent convention of the American Federation of Labor, and is now touring the country, that the strength of the German Communist Party is rapidly waning. Here is the answer to the profit press and to the visiting German “socialists.” * e But the Communist victory in Berlin, in more than doubling its representation in the municipal parliament, goes hand in hand with the successful carrying out of a united action with the socialist rank and file in this electoral strug- gle, over the heads of the Berlin “socialist” officialdom. On the basis of the workers against the bourgeoisie, the Com- munists and socialists carried on a united fight that has put a labor block of 118 members in the city council against 107 for all bourgeois parties, a clear majority. The victory of this united front is the success of the German Communists in developing contact with the socialist masses still under the leadership of the social-democratic traitors, the worst enemies of the workers. This the German Communists failed to do in the last presidential poll, resulting in Hinden- berg’s election, suffering isolation as a result. * e bd The results of the Berlin elections indicate that the so- cial-democratic masses are in no way satisfied with the Dawes’ plan and the Locarno “security pact,” both accepted by the Scheidemanns, the Loebes and the Breitscheids as the foundation stones of the new capitalist “peace.” Growing unemployment, bitter conditions of work, and of life gen- erally, are developing a new left ferment that should get be- yond the control of the socialist bureaucracy, with s vicious anti-Communist grip upon the German trade union move- ment. It is not inconceivable that the same upheaval from be- -low in the Bri ish trade unions, that sent an Arthur A. Purcell as fraternal delegate to the American Federation of Labor convention demanding world trade union unity on the basis of the Anglo-Russian negotiations, may. soon find its power- ful counterpart developing out of the misery and struggle of the German working class. The Berlin elections indicate that the German Com- munist Party is better prepared than ever before to take advantage of such an encouraging development. apparent swing to the left that will berg-Luther government hesitate before dissolvin ent reichstag and calling for new elections, as it forced to do largely on account of the Locarno affair. * * . * It is this make the Von Hinden- the pres- is. being « This success of the German. Communists to develop contact with the social-democratic workers should be an in- spiration to Communist parties in.other lands, the United States. especially in Thru the labor party in this country the left wing will tighten its grip on those working class ele- ments, growing in numbers, that the reactionary A. F. of L. officialdom, thru its non-partisan policy, is trying to hold in line for the capitalist parties. Repeated victories for the de- mand of the Communist International to “Go te the Masses!” in many countries, as in Germany, indicate the triumphs that may be won in those lands where it has not yet been put effectively into force. “AN ALL-IN INTERNATIONAL OF TRADE UNIONS,” SAYS PURCELL, “WILL TURN WORDS INTO DEEDS” NEW YORK CITY, Oct. 28—The Trade Union Committee for organizing the Purcell meeting which is holding its next conference at Beethoven Hall on Sunday, Noy. 1, at 3 p, m., has just released a statement by Arthur A. Purcell on the British Trade Union Congress at Scarborough, Commenting on the proceedings of that memborable meeting, The Report at Scarborough. “The long process of discussion culminated in the detailed and well- ordered report on the whole interna- tional unity negotiations which the general council presented to the con- gress, That report told the whole story, from the discussions of our delegation to Russia with the repre- sentatives of the Russian unions, in Moscow last November to the Anglo- Russian conference in April, and the subsequent Anglo-Russian agreement. “In introducing the report, Fred Bramley made a most masterly speech, which received the unanimous approval of the congress, and the na- tural consequences was the whole- hearted and enthusiastic endorsement by congress of the general council's attitude and actions, Complete Unanimity, “I cannot recollect any instance in the annals of the trade union move- ment in which, on a subject arousing so much feeling, and against which such a bitter campaign had been waged, there has been so remarkable a display of unanimity. Yet nothing must blind us to the fact that this is only the first step. We have still a long journey ahead of us. “A general ery of ‘Agreed!’ hailed the resolution calling for an all-in trade union international, and in- structing the general council to do all in its power to bring this about. That cry, expressing the undoubted determination of congress, will, 1 am sure, act as an urge to the new gen- eral council to go full stéam ahead and not slacken their efforts till in- ternational unity has be hieved,” Get Down to th In closing, Purcell says: “Scar- borough hag put heart ifito’ us all, Now we have to get down to the Job of turning our wordsvinto deeds,” \ he says: : Rookies: Opearted S-51 * Insists Boat Captain BOSTON, Oct. 28.—“Three Rookie officers were in charge—student of- ficers trying to learn how to Tun a submarine.” That was what one of the three sur- vivors of the submarine $-51 told Captain John H, Diehl of the steam- ship City of Rome after they were rescued, according to the captain's story as told by himself this after- noon to @ naval board of inquiry. “What did they mean by crossing my bow without light?” Captain Diehl said he asked the survivor. “They're rookies,” replied the man from the undersea boat, Senator Leaves $90,000, INDIANAPOLIS, Oct. 28.—The late Senator Samuel M. Ralson of Indiana, left $90,000 estate, it was revealed when his will was filed for probate here today. Of the total $75,000 was listed as real estate and $15,000 personal prop- erty, all of which was left to the wi- dow and surviving children. Julian C, Ralson, a son, was named executor, Dakota Bank Fails. SIOUX FALLS, 8. Dak., Oct, 28— The First State Bank here falled to open its doors today and has béen taken in charge by the state banking | department. ‘The deposits shown in|. a recent report totalled $681,000, John | Cleaver, president of the institution, suffered @ paralytic stroke last night, SMALL'S FAMOUS GRAFT TRIAL IS AGAIN DELAYED Governor’s Case Up in December SPRINGFIELD, Oct, 28.—No decl- sion in the suits against Gov. Lep Small will be reached at least until the December term of the supreme court, That was apparent today when the court adjourned the October term without action on Small’s appeal from the decision of the Sangamon county circuit court holding him Mable for an accounting of approxim- ately $1,000,000 interest alleged to have been received on state funds. Small, while state treasurer, was charged with loaning to-the Grant Park Bank during the war, which in turn was said to have been loaned to big meat packers at a high rate of interest. The state contended the Grant Park Bank a “dummy” institution, organ- ized for the one purpose of obtaining state loans which were to: be re- loaned at high interest rates for the profit of those fathering the bank. Acquitted in One Court The civil proceeding against Small was instituted at the close of the cri- minal prosecution in Waukegan in 1922, At that time Small was indicted for conspiracy and embezzlement growing out of alleged irregularities when he was state treasurer. A change of venue shifted the case from the Sangamon cireuit court to Lake county, After days of terrific legal clashes the jury returned a verdict of “not guilty.” Convicted in Civil Court When litigatton in the civil suit opened in Sangamon county, Small met defeat for the first time. Judge Frank W. Burton held that he and his associates must make an account- ing to the state of wartime interest paid on the famous “packers notes.” The sum was estimated at close to $1,000,000, ) Small’s attorneys immediately took an appeal to the supreme court, pro- testing that Judge Burton's decision should be reversed, Attorney General Carlstrom, newly installed in office, called upon his pre- decessor Edw. J. Brundage, who in- stituted both the criminal and civil proceedings to handle. the case in the higher court, The combination of Charles 3. Deneen, former governor and now U. S. senator, and Edward J. Brundage, known as the Deneen-Brundage fac- tion are after the scalp of Small. The fact that Small was elected by Wm. Hale Thompson caused him to break with Deneen in spite of the fact that Small served as state treasurer dur- ing the time Deneen was governor of the state, Charles W. Hadley, former state's attorney of Dupage county and other Brundage aids were placed in active direction of the prosecution and pre- pared the final brief and argument. The decision of the court when it comes, is expected to have a far reaching political effect, possibly de- Paid a third term candidacy by Gov. mall, Jurisdictional Row on Between an Irich God and a Polish God \ By REGINA MYROSKI : MOUNDSVILLE, W. Va., Oct. 28— When we Reds disagree on some is sue it is not to be wondered at, as we do not claim to be infallible, but when the catholic church, which does claim to be infallible and not capable of doing any wrong, disagrees, then there is something at which to wonder. In this town there are two catholic churches, one Irish and one Polish, "But it develops that they have differ: ent ideas - to what constitutes sin, The Irish‘catholic church — believes that it is a mortal sin and an abom- ination of the holy Sabbath day to in- dulge in such social pastimes as danc- ing on Saturday ni and-that any- one who practices/!t is barred from the kingdom of heaven. The Polish catholics on the other hand not only think it proper and in- nocent fun but the priest goes so far in his approval as to give public dances himsejf and advertise them as given by the Polish catholic church. The question before the ho “Are the Polish catholics to be sent hell by an Irish catholic god?” is: to Klan Before Family BALTIMORE, Md., Oct, 28,—De- claring that her husband had used his last $40 to buy klan regalia, leaving their children without food, Mrs, Mar- garet J. Todd today secured $12 a week maintenance from.George Todd, a railroad engineer, ess 1. D. L, MEMBERS, ATTENTION! Come Saturday afternoon. No- tice to all International Labor De fense members, Demonstration meeting againet Horthy terror—Saturday, 1:30 p. m., Oct. 31, at 180 W. Washington St., Hall 200, Every 1. Lb. DB, member must come, must add to the demand for’ the freedom of Rakosi and hie brother workers in Hungary. —