The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 16, 1925, Page 6

REL E THE DATEL Y THE DAILY WORKER ‘ Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1118 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. y Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicage only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months ° Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, IIlinols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL { WILLIAM F. DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB... Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Il, under the act of March 3, 1879. Editors Business Manager Advertising rates on application. Bloody Bulgaria According to a recent dispatch from Berlin an unparalleled reign of terror is still raging in Bulgaria. In the war of extermina- tion conducted against the workers and farmers by the Zankov regime, boys and girls are not spared. They all look alike to the executioner’s axe. When Oliver Cromwell, the sanctimonious British butcher who is the idol of some alleged liberals;-was laying Ireland te with fire and. sword, he used the expression “nits will be as little children were spitted on the points of his soldiers’ bayonets. The modern Cromwells of Bulgaria look upon the chil- dren of the revolutionary workers and farmers as vermin that must be exterminated. There is no outcry in the capitalist press against this carnival of slaughter. The hypocritical crew that frothed at the mouth when the spying Polish priest Buchavietch was executed in Russia, now draw the veil of silence over the bloody deeds of the Bulgarian fas- cisti. Already several Communists and radical agrarians have been executed under circumstances that reveal the present regime in Bulgaria as a set of inhuman monsters. Eighty six others havé betn condemned to death and hundreds haye been sentenced to long prison terms. Several thousand are under arrest and public executions have become a daily occurrence. The European papers print pictures of boy and girl students loaded with heavy chains being marched thru the streets by armed guards. This is democracy under capitalism. Here we have the workers massacred under our very eyes, by the murderous capitalist butchers while their comrades’ in other lands barely raise a voice in protest. Only the workers who.are under the influence of the Communists in all countries have so far made any effort to block the gory work of the Zankov killers. Had the European masses listened to the appeal of the Communist International the victorious workers and farmers of Bulgaria would today be chanting hymns of victory over the unhallowed graves of their persecutors. a 290 WORKER The Struggle of the imperialists Against the Chinese Labor Movement By G. VOITINSKY (Moscow) HE working class in China is at present passing thru the most dif- ficult period of its development. In the peculiar circumstances of China, a semi-colony, an object of in- terference on the part of world im- Tsan and his nephew; the younger Siu, the dictator of Mongolia. In the period between the summer of 1920 and the autumn of 1922 the English apparatus of colonization in China had been extraordinarily strengthen- ed, The Sun Yat Sen government which perialism, the path of the struggle of | had only been formed at the begin- the working class is very difficult and | ning of 1922 in Shantung after Tshen complicated. At its very inception, | Tsiu Min had been driven out, was a at its very first steps on the path to| thorn in the flesh of the British im- emancipation from slavery, the Chin- | perialists#and seemed to cloud their ese proletariat is met by a powerful | bright prospécts of a further enslayve- enemy in the form of the imperialist- | ment of China. ‘The opposition of the ie groups of Europe, America and Asia | seamen of Hong Kong to the English and by their tool, the Chinese milltar-| shipowners and batikers‘at that time, ists. The most recent development of events during the strike of the textile workers in Shanghai and Tsingtao must be viewed in this light. HEN for the first time, in the be- spite of their conflicting interests, in every branch of industry and trade in China and in every part of this enormous country, form a united front to attack the Chinese proletariat? Why is it that on Chinese soil the foreign police meet the most element- ary demands for the right to exist on the part of the Chinese proletariat, by firing into the unarmed crowds of men, women and children? Why on the other hand, do the stu- dents, the offspring of the Chinese bourgeoisie, join with the working an opposition which paralyzed traffic in the Pacific Oceaharid'the Yellow Sea, which left some ‘hundreds of thousands of tons of; goods lying in the docks and on shipboard, which drew the whole of the«wtrban working population of Soutl* China into the anti-British movemetit, was a serious blow to the prestige of the English colonization apparatas in China and a great help. to the“revolutionary.gov- ernment of South China. ITH gnashing of teeth, the proud Britons had to yield to the union of Chinese seamen atid to comply with its demands, which’ were, it is true, modest enough. For the first time organized Chinese workers succeeded by means of a six*weeks’ strike in obtaining recognition of their union class and likewise sacrifice them-|and compensation for lost working selves in: the struggle against the | time. Then as now, the-whole English foreign capitalists? Why, finally, are) press was filled with lies and calum- even the Chinese chambers of com-| nies regarding the seamen on, strike, A poet once sang, that from the grave of every martyr one thousand heroes rise. As the red flag of Communism today floats over the scene of the czar’s tyranny and over the ashes of Russia’s revolutionary heroes, so in Bulgaria the workers and peasants will some day ref6rm their ranks and visit a terrible justice on the bloody monsters whose favorite sport is murder of the toilers. New Fields of Conquest The news that American bankers have made a loan of no less than $100,000,000 to Australia, is the kind of news that has a signi, ficance beyond the mere amount. This is the sort of thing that—in addition to the contest to see who can rob China—is bringing American imperialism and British imperialism to grapple with each other in a struggle of giants which leads to war. The conflict is now in the secondary stage of diplomacy where recriminations are beginning and the ground being: laid for the issuance of “white books” and other fancy propaganda on both sides to prove that the other is a nation of depraved imperialists. Canada already has fallen under the dominance of United States panks. There is more United States money invested in Canada today than there is English money. And it may be taken for granted that the “Little Old Lady Threadneedle Street” looks with jaundiced eyes on British colonies being seduced by Yankee capital. Now another colony has succumbed to the blandishments of the House of Morgan and far away in the antipades the last outpost of {nglish business has fallen to the pirate crew of Wall Street bankers. Australia, the island continent, the undeveloped land Britain has had staked out for many a long year as field of expansion, has been seized by a claim-jumper. ‘| Japanese apparatus in China, the An- And just to accent the fact that the claim-jumper means busi- ness, he has brought a whole fleet of warships with him on some manenyers which, of course, are supposed to have not the slightest connection>with Morgan’s bank and its loan. 3ut American capitalist imperialism moves on to new fields of conquest, and the warships somehow trail along behind as easily as if there were a tow-line. George Wheeler Hinman, one of William Randolph Hearst’s paid liars, declares that there would be no trouble in China if the businessmen who-have over a billion and a half invested in the Orient stopped financing Moscow's’ revolutionary campaigns in the East. The trouble is, says Hinman, that. they keep on handing over their money to Moscow for concessions. Moscow spends the money on propaganda. Good luck to those erazy capitalists. Every day in every way they are getting nuttier and nuttier. The fundamentalist who applied for a permit to decorate his pulpit with two gats while he was speaking reminds us a favorite observation of a radic al who entertained no kindly feeling towards the bible. “Ther nothing about,a gun,” he would say,, “that would make a man carry a bible, but there are lots of things in the bible that would make a man carry a gun.” Federal prisons are getting filled so rapidly that Attorney Gen- eral Sargent is about to appeal to. the governors of the states to take over federal prisoners convicted in their respective jurisdictions. Business is good all around—even in the prisons of capitalism. Every day get “sub” for the DAILY WORKER and a member for the Workers Party. SUB OFFER NO. 1 - Be MONTHS’ SUBSCRIPTION —-— to the DAILY WORKER For be (Only Unt SAdgust 1.) ja merce compelled to support the de- mand of the workers that foreign troops be withdrawn from the most important Chinese ports? All these questions can be answered by the following formula: The Chi- nese proletariat is inevitably taking up the position of an outpost in the war of liberation of the Chinese people, and therefore, in the nature of things, assumes more and more the hegemony of the national move- ment for the liberation of the Chinese people as a whole. HEN for the first time, in the be- ginning of 1922, a part of the working class of China, which was or- ganized not on the model of class trade unions, but in a large guild, the Seamen’s Union of Hong Kong, de- clared war on English shipowners, it Was regarded both by the foreign cap- italists and the Chinese public as a duel between the Chinese workers and the foreign oppressors. | At that time, England played the Yeading role in the political oppres- sion of China. This happened two years after the destruction of the fu Club, with the president Siu-Shi- then as now, the press hacks declared the influence of Bolshevist agitation to be the cause of the strike. In order to better understand the significance of present events in China, it must be remarked that the representatives of American capital, at whose instigation the conference at Washington (end of 1921 and begin- ning of 1922) was called, with the object of procuring better entry and security for American capital into China “sympathized” with the oppo- sition of the workers to England and, in their semi-official organ in China, the Weekly Review, reported as fol- lows: ' “The strike moyement in China is growing slowly but surely... strikes in China are at present just as inevi- table as floods and epidemics... China is not yet threatened with strikes in- volving the whole country, but the time will come when the masses will more clearly understand the signific- ance of the labor, movement.” ‘HE prophesies of the ideologists of American imperialism are perhaps beginning to come true sooner than they excepted....This is the chief rea- son for-their hatred of the Chinese AS WE SEEIT -:- By T.J. O'Flaherty | (Continueé from page 1) ikiss the royal anatomy. see UT even an I. L, Per is-not entirely bereft of stomach ballast. The secretary of the branch was authoriz- @d to come back at MacDonald like a charge of dynamite. And tho the language used by the secretary may seem mild to those who are accustom- | ed to the style of the DAILY WORK- ER, readers acquainted with the Bri- tish labor movement will smell sul- phur. After reiterating that Mac- Donald’s letter was detrimental to the | interests of the Bulgarian workers the branch.secretary writes: “With regard to the remainder of your letter, the tone of it is quite un- called for, and in the opinion of mem- bers of the branch, contrary to their conceptions of socialism. They are forwarding your letter and this reply to the socialist press so that the ‘bleething easie-oosie asses’ may know your opinion of them.” This, much space is devoted to MacDonald so that our readers may form their own opinions of MacDonald without any aid from us. I might add that this material is taken from the Daily Her- ald of London, the official organ of the trade union movement. see ILLIAM GREEN, president of the of health all my life. my conscience clear hard and I have been ,.abstemious.” What a wonderful acquisition a clear I have kept I have worked conscience is? Professional murder- ers, who sometimes, feel a little twitching when obliged, to resort to extreme methods in-disposing of their victims, must envy the.judge. -Turn- ing the guns on strikers of course, would not cause an exeess of acidity in the judicial foo@ bag. Shutting down his shops and throwing thou- sands of workers om¢the streets, would not cause Gary’s fodder to turn into concrete in his stomach. The judge never lets such trifles interfere with the serenity of his conscience. ee ARY’S slaves work from eight to ten hours 4 day. They used to work twelve, until the judge got scar- ed that they might organize. He then made a concession to them. How much time have to follow the twelve golden rules of health that the judge prescribes? A local food expert ad- vises us to “chew our milk” carefully in the morning before going to work. A good idea, perhaps... But most work- ers don't heve -time.to take a chew of tobacco while on their way to punch the clock imothe morning. If they take the timesto put their milk thru a scientific chemical process be- American Federation of Labor, in a speech delivered in Buffalo, New| York, has urged the church to join with labor. Green has already asked “capital” to do the same thing. The trouble with labor is that both have already joined with it to its sorrow and loss. , What labor must do is to break all connections with capitalism and to relegate the church to the dung heap of history.’ The church is a parasite that feeds on the workers and poisons their brains. The capi- talists know that the church is one of their main props. Fortunately the workers are getting wise to the church, despite the efforts of labor fakers like William Green, eo HIS is Judge Gary talking: “I have fore letting it draim down the gullet, , the boss may give *them lots of time | to chew the eud’@n a bench in the | park. But they will lack the where- withal to purchase milk. +e + Fe is well that the working class should look after. their health, ag best they can under the circumstanc- es. But long hofirs: and short pay, unhealthy working? conditions, worry and want are caiffing greater havoc among the workef&' than faulty mas- tication of food ‘OF a superfluity of starches in thei menu. This fact should not be forgdtten, by well-mean- ing food “radicals’”*Who have deveiop- ed a greater hate“for white flour and juicy beef stakes ‘than they have for the capitalist system. Let us get rid of Garyism and we will have lots of followed the twelve golden rules oe SIA - TODAY ‘the British Trade The Reportibf time to devote to scientific dieting. | Ee a ars proletariat. oF A second claracteristic feature of the struggle of the Hong Kong sea- men was, that even on this first oc- casion of Chinese workers opposing the imperialists, the treacherous role played by the upper. strata of the Chi- nese bourgeoisie, became evident. The Chinese Comprador (wholesale deal- er) and banker Robert Hotun, well- known in Hong Kong, who had-been knighted by the king of England, cheated the Seamen’s Union in his capatity as negotiator with the strik- ing seamen, in that he first of all de- layed payment of the sums agreed upon, and then refused to keep his promise. S a result of the strike of the Hong Kong seamen, a wave of strikes passed over the whole of China, The labor movement began to take econ- omic shape. So far the workers had not given expression to any political demands, neither had the students de- monstrated in sympathy with the movement. This is explained by the fact during the whole of 1922, the Chinese ffourgeoisie and the intelli- genzia still cherished hopes that the promises of the conference at Wash- ington would be fulfilled, i. e. that the Japanese troops would be withdrawn from the province of Shantung with its magnificent harbor of Tsingtao, and that the customs duties would be raised in favor of China, After the conference’ at Washington the reactionary movement in the country grew stronger. Wu Pei Fu carried out the wishes of Anglo-Amer- ican capital. Partly in fulfillment of their wish, he entered into war against his former ally and party com- tade (of the Tshili clique) Csang-Tso- Lin. The conflict between these two generals expressed the endeavours of the Anglo-American imperialists to make sure of an actual influence in China, which had been formally achie- ved at the conference of Washington. And the victory of Wu Pei Fu over Chang Tso-Lin did, as a matter of fact, establish an extraordinary in- fluence of the Anglo-American im- perialists in Central and North China. The end of 1922 and the beginning of 1923 were characterized in China by the growing political reaction wich threatened to spread thru the whole country and to overthrow Sun Yat Sen’s government in the South. r the atmosphere of tense political reaction in the country, at the mo- mént when Wu Pei Fu was with the aid the Anglo-American imperialists, preparing military measures for the destruction of the nationalist revolu- tionary base in the province of Kwan- tung and for uniting the country, when he was stifling every appear- MINERS HAVE HARD FACTS ON HARD CO Operators Tr Try to Use}: “Public Opinion” (Special to The Daily Worker) ATLANTIC CITY, N, J. July 14.— Both sides were set for a battle of statistics when the wage conference between Anthracite miners and opera- tors was resumed here today. The operators had figures pretend- ing to show “the consumer” will not stand for a raise in coal prices which they allege would follow an increase in miners’ wages. The miners had statistics uphold- ing their contention that the anthra- cite industry is on a sound, financial basis and well able to stand the de- mand of the union for a ten per cent wage increase for contract workers with a dollar-a-day increase for un- skilled mine labor, Facts prove that the demand for a ten per cent raise is very modest and that the miners are getting far too little to live on at present. They have been working for an ayerage of $5 a day only four days a week, Meanwhile, the anthracite operat- ors’ own figures show that anthracite costs them only $4.10 a ton to produce, while the cost to consumers is from $12 to $15. That the operators got the difference is shown by the profits of four companies alone piling up. $17,500,000 last year. The Progres- sive Miners’ Committee had urged the anthracite miners to demand 20 per cent instead of the ten per cent, increase. The Lewis machine pre- vented the 20 per cent ae being. made, | Give this copy to your shop- mate. Beginning Saturday, July 25 The’ First American Serial Publipstien of an Historical Document wit ance of social thought and preparing a mew government, the strike of the railwaymen on the main line from Peking to Hankow broke out, in the chief sphere of influence of English imperialism, on the line on which Wu Pei Fu had to transport his troops to the South. The workers suffered cruel defeat; they defentied their trade unions and their flags, but the armed bands of Wu Pei Fu shot down the workers and their leaders and threw many into prison. The workers’ unions, or rather the embryos of unions, were compel- led to: become strictly illegal. UT the rise of the railwaymen of the ‘line Peking to Honkow in February 1923 had immense political consequences. Wu Pei Fu was reveal- ed in his’ true character to the whole of the Chinese pepole. The students revolted. "Wu Pei Fu began openly to place Chinese policy on the same level with theEnglish apparatus of coloni- zation, And, regardless of the fact that reaction continued to rage thru- out the country, a change took place in the’ political life of the land; Wu Pei Fu had to abandon his expedition to the south and to pay close atten- tion“to events in Central and North China.’ The heroic behaviour of the \Chinese railwaymien in 1923 was a blow to the most reactionary part of imperialism in China, to the apparatus of the Anglo-American imperialists. There is no doubt that the attitude of the railwaymen of Hankow, which rendered it impossible for Wu Pei Fu to rely on the hinterland, stimulated Chan Tso-Lin to fight against Wu Pei Fu’s power in the autumn of last year. Wu Pei Fu’s fall set the nationalist revolutionary emancipation move- ment in action thruout the country, extended the base of the Kuomintang party and made it possible openly to carry on an anti-imperialist campaign in the whole country for several months. F course this process was not sys- tematically organized, neverthe- less.‘the: Chinese proletariat, when fighting its own battle in its own in- terests, is, in the nature of things, the most’ ‘consistent and irreconcilable fighter against the colonial yoke of imperialism, and thus becomes the leader of the whole national move- ment. ‘This and this alone explains that anpfecedent wrath and cruelty with which ‘the headsmen of Anglo-Japan- ese imperialism are using their whole apparatus of brigandage in the sup- pression of the workers’ strikes in Shanghai and Tsingtao. This also ex- plains the other fact that the over- whélming majority of the Chinese people is siding with the Chinese pro aes in its present fight. The strug: le of the masses indeed in its totality has now a more consistent and revo- Fiitionary character than was the case @. few ‘years ago, thanks to the cir- cumstances that the class war of the Chinese proletariat is more and more becoming the backbone of the nation- al emancipation movement. HAT then is the most distinguish. ing feature of recent events. in China? That the proletariat of Shan- ghai and Tsingtao, in the course of their struggle against the Japanese employers, are again striking out at the most dangerous group of impertal- ists in the country. Japan has in fact in the ‘course of the past ten months, i, e, since the October revolution in Peking, once more become.the most important imperialistic. power in Chi- na, the most important in that the power of the state in China, in the form of Tuan Tsi Tshui and partly in the person of Chang Tso Lin, is on the side of the Japanese imperialists, To the extent that its influence grew, Japanese imperialism became more and more an aggressive power against. the liberation movement in the country, which grew irresistibly in consequence of the victory over Wu Pei Fu and over the Anglo-American colonization apparatus. HE elementary outbreak of the workers of Shanghai and Tsingtao, which drew the broadest masses of the urban population of China into the fight against the imperialists, can only be explained by the unspeakable in- solence of the Japanese imperialists who were convinced that they held a position of supremacy in the suppres- sion of China. The struggle against the Japanese imperialists and the En- glish imperialists who came to their help, is now part of the most danger- ous and most important front of the anti-imperialist movement in the country. All the slogans raised by Sun Yet Sen, the leader of the national revo- lutionary party, .Kuomintang, have now, thanks to the struggle of the proletariat, become essential demands of the whole Chinese pepole. The fight in all the great towns of China is being fought round these slogans; it was for them that the gen- eral strike in Shanghai, which may. in a few days spread to other industrial towns in the country, was declared. The fight.of the Chinese proletariat in these days is a new stage in the emancipation movement of this vast * country, a stage which will call forth }). new, decisive battle against imperial- ) ism at its most vulnerable spot. NEGRO WORKERS OF PORTUGUESE MEAST AFRICA TORTURED, WAGES ARE ‘STOLEN, WOMEN =N ENSLAVED ON ROADS The Federated Press) y (By “NEW YORK, July 14° — Portugal no longer exports slaves for sale but Portuguese planters and traders in Angola, Portuguese East Africa, hold the ‘natives in peonage “worse than slavery,” Edward A. Ross, University of Wisconsin, professor of sociology, announces in his report on compulsory labor in the Portuguese colony. °Slavery in the simple form of ownership of blacks by whites was eBded ‘with ‘the downfall of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910 but the terrible néw‘system began in 1918. Between 1910 and 1918 when “republican prin- ciples” were supposed to be in use,——————___________ Porttiguese landowners complained of the “laziness of natives.” Most Portu- guese employers thought the natives should work for nothing or at most 20 cents a month and about 2 cents a day for food, Ross reports. Workers Flogged and Tortured Nineteen villages were visited and nearly 7000 natives interviewed thru interpreters. Local pastors and teach- ers were talked with. Everywhere it was found that the workers were ruthlessly driven: for- ced to work up to 12 months a year; flogged with the djambock or hippo lash and tortured. Women are re- quisitioned to work on roads and “if a mother lays a baby under a tree and rises up from her work when it cries, she may get struck for it.” Native’ police are forced to inflict brutal punishments upon their bro- ther blacks. “A year ago police came to’a mission, collected the men, went .| to the pounding rocks where the wo- ‘men pound their manioc and had their meal’ spread ready to dry and, took them off to work on the road without even giving them a chance to gather up’ their meal and carry it to their honie: Children had to quit the mission ‘sch6ol saying, ‘Father has been taken to work, on a plantation, mother, and ‘the! older brothers are working on the roails, so I must stay out of school to hoe the fields, pound the manioc into nied] and feed my little brothers and ‘sisters.’ Furthermore, the child will have to pound the meal and carry it to mother working on the road with the. baby on her back.” Wages Are Stolen So much of the natives’ time and strength is requisitioned by the Por- ve STATE 2, THEORY AND, ne SUB OFFER NO, 2. MONTHS’ SUB AND TWO BOOKS; AND REVOLUTION ll For $2.00 tuguese masters that the blacks are gardens and fields. “There is little evidence that any considerable part of the wages turned over in trust to the officials by the employers of na- tives hired from the government ac- tually reached the hands of those to whom it belongs,” Ross says. “The amount of unpaid labor exacted of skilled natives is not infrequently so excessive that the young men see nothing to be gained by their acquir- ing skill in the missionary schools.” » Most Road Workers Women “Motor roads have been extended by conscripted, unpaid, unrationed natives, for the most part women, with only the most. primitive imple- ments.” Labor-stelling is widespread, no longer. able to attend their | that is, no pay for half-days and many other days worked. “We heard of no effort made by any official to curb this despicable practice. The official does not appear to-be in a strong tion with respect to his fellow nation- als, the traders and planters, The blacks feel that the Portuguese are leagued against them and that there is no recourse the white man’s viok ence and injustice.” aad Government Does Nothing “The government provides Mihalard ally nothing in the way medical care, emergency ri deccr yore or just. ice against the white trader, ‘for the people of the villages, as recom for the heavy burden of unrequi toil it lays upon them. The treatment of natives in Portuguese territory compares so unfavourably with that experienced by the natives of Rho- desia or Belgian Congo that there is @ strong tendency to emigrate across the frontier.” 7 ne es —By Lenin PRACTICE OF LENINISM —By Stalin