The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 11, 1925, Page 11

oe | ~ ta AO SHARP report srt tke the crack of a musket, ‘— turned around quickly. There stood a petty naval officer box- ing the ears of a rickshaw coolie. Countless Chinamen were walking up and down the Bund in Canton, and yet not one stopped. This happened just a year ago, Coolies ears are not being boxed by sailors from foreign battleships on the Bund, in Canton, China, today, The imperialists’ battleships on the Bund, imperialists’ battleships are thére} yes, but the sailors are standing by to defend Shameen, the foreign quart- er, the home of the international banks and the trading corporations of the imperialists, and are not promen- ading the Bund, full of whiskey and soda, spitting into the faces of the natives. HE year 1922 in China was event- ful. The immense strikes of the railway workers of Pekin and Hankow and of the sajlors of Hong Kong were the sparks which are setting off, the broadsides today, It, was, Japanese yen which bonght.the knife and then paid the executioner of the Pekin- Hankow railroad workers’ strike lead- ers, who were decapitated in public in order to teach the workers that la- bor unionism is not a healthy method of struggle. But the Chinese railway workers were taught quite another lesson. They formed groups of ten and continued their union activity un- der the very noses of the imperialists. HIS same year saw the strike of 30,0000 Chinese Pacific sailors at the British port of Hong Kong, which spread rapidly into a general strike of all Hong Kong servants and labor- ers until the total involved numbered 50,000. There are strikes and strikes, but this was the kind that made the blood of every revohitionist tingle. The strikers had their own militia. The Canton workers and peasants stood by, And when food became scarce in'Hong Kong and when it was suddenly discovered that the boats plying between Canton and Hong Kong were not bringing down even a solitary squash to feed the bourgeoisie of Hong Kong, armed vessels were sent to Canton on a foraging expedi- tion. But they came back empty. It was then that the retainers of the im- perialists who resided in Hong Kong, whose wonderful mansions make the Peak so picturesque, began to flee the city. They felt that the rebellion meant business. As. it did. HE strike was won. The trans- portation corporations, acting thru This year was the fifth anniversary of our periodical “Kommuynistka.” Dur- ing these five, years, it.carried out its tasks from month;to: month, pointing out the way in which‘work” among women should be’ conducted. Those who organized the work among péas- ant and working women went to this periodical during these five years, but its initiator, our beloved comrade Inés Armand, is no longer with ‘us. “She organized this periodical, she put it in working order, but she herself was not given much» opportunity ‘to con- tribute it. The periodical was founded in the spring of 1920, and in September of the same year Ines died in the Caucasus. ‘A Friend of Lenin. Ines wag something more than an ordinary worker, She was very gifted, she per sy mary, tried to improve her- self, was steady and capable. of. vena and devoted herself to the revolutionry: cause. She was bubbling over with energy, and took to heart;every success and non-suc- cess of the Bolsheviks. As far. back as 1905, the mov‘ came to Paris from Brussels, where. she had lived.as an ‘emigre after her imprisonment and exile, she became closely connected with our Bolshevik group and was soon one of its most es took an active part fn ent. When in 1911 she CHINA FIGHTS BACK a compradore, had to agree to pay the union $100,000 damages. The union! thought the go-between honest. \fine against the imperialists has not been paid to this day. Encouraged by the militancy of the Hong Kong sailors, the latter half of | 1922 saw sixty labor unions organized in Shanghai alone. These unions con- ducted fifty strikes. Fifty strikes for and against what? , For more than three to twelve cents a day for children between six and twelve years of age. Against a working day of twelve to eighteen hours. " Against Simon Legree methods in jthe factories. For more than an average wage of | ten dollars a month for married men. Against the inhumanity to the thou: sands of babies, who are dragged to work every morning upon their moth- ers insufficient breasts, to be thrown into-a corner upon a pallet of rags or) straw, there to lie until the twelve| or fourteen hour day is at an end. It might well be said that in China children go to work from birth, for from the minute the mother is rid of active members. She got through an enormous amount of work in connec- tion with the establishment of closer contact among our various’ groups abroad. She carried on an extensive correspondence and had many: connec- tions. ie can say there is hardly a Bolshevik living as an emigre in 1911- 1917 who did not know Ines.» She was never down-hearted, and encouraged others by her cheerfulness. I person- ally, received very much from Ines. I loved her dearly. She soon became a close friend of our circle: Viadimir Ilyitech ‘was Particularly fond of discussing our plans of work with her. Halt French, half English by origin, Ines knew French and-Eng- lish perfectly; and her services. were very valuable in connection with our relations with foreign parties. Shé translated all documents, was before’ the war delegated by the Bolshviks to: defend the Bolshevik» policy’ at the session of the International Bureau. She fulfillea’ the same ‘function at the International ‘Women’s Confer: ence. In 1915 she’ Was our delegate at the Zimmerwald atid Kienthal Con- ference and took an active part in the work of the Comintern. In 1911, Ines played an important role in the organ- ization of a ‘party school near Paris, where she lectured on political econ- omy, Among those who attended: the lectures in this sehool were: \ Com- 5 the| A | |birthpangs, the baby is in the mill. T the end of 1923 there came the! convention of the Kuomintang |party in Canton. The Chinese masses, ‘Russia—a message backed by deeds— which broadcasted world-wide colonial and semi-colonial peoples, of, jall nationalities. And the advanced workers, seeing that the compadore- merchant leaders of the Kuomintang | Party were compromising with the imperialists, decided upon a new Kuo- nifntangy'@ revolutionary .peoples. par- ty of the masses. It was this conven- tion that has to its credit the first at- itempt to organize the peasant masses in China, to bring them into’ political contact with the struggle for libera- tion in China. N the succeeding months the Kuo- mintang struck deep roots in all the industrial centers of China. It won against the fascist troops organ- ized by its own right wing. It main- tained the leadership of Sun Yat Sen. |Both against the imperialists’ spies, In Memory of Ines Armand i ae rades Orzhonikidze, Schwartz, Bres- lav, Dogadov, Zevind, Sagurin and others. This school did an important piece of work by linking up the Bol- shevik cadres for enetgetic work at the time when the revolutionary wave was in the ascendant. In 1912, Ines went illegally to workin Petersburg. ‘She was soom thrown into prison;-“and subsequently became again an emigre. _ Her Work Among Women. She worked very energetically in all the branches of Party work; but paid special attention to work among wom- en, Already in 1914, she sent from abroad articles for the Petersburg “Rabotnitza” and was .& member of the foreign section of the Edtiorial Board of this periodical. She pre- pared reports on work among women for the International Women’s Con- ferénte, which it was proposed to hold in Vienna"in 1914:simultaneously with the "géneral: International Congress, but which’ did: not come: off ‘after all. When’ Ihes came to Russia in 1917, she began’ immediately energetic agi- tation and propaganda among work- ing women, She did not only speak at meetings, she also wrote for the working women. Her excellent pam- phlet: “How I Came to Defend the Soviet Power,” became very popular. ‘Ines was the initiator of the “Work- ing Women’s Pages” in the “Pravda” and, “Bednota,” These pages have been very useful for propaganda | \especially in southern China, had at | ‘last heard the message from Soviet, | (YHINA—a tus peasants |principle of self-determination of all‘ By Alfre Alfred 1 Wagenknecht. against the bribery of military gov- ernors and others influential, against the advances of the frocked man of Christ, who is also the advance agent of imperialism in China,. the Kuomin- tang grew. During these months’ the sobered socialism of MacDonald ‘stood ‘by the imperialists, so that they might enjoy another spree of ‘super-profits. And we had the French, the Japanese the British, the American bourgeoisie playing their little games to possess Pekin, the seat of power. And did not Soviet Russia afploma- cy do them brown! HE imperlialists. forced |China to open its doors so that it might be exploited by them. © Today the Chinese are pointing to this open door and demanding the immediate exit of the imperialists. Recent évents in China have the prime ministers of all coun- tries up a tree. Altho the cables have been kept_hot in an attempt to unite upon some program -of subjugation, no agreement has yet’ been reached, And we know in which direction one eye of the imperialist beast is looking! One eye upon Soviet Russia, the other on China, with an occasional glance at Morocco and the Riff vic- tories—this is enough to make most any beast dizzy. And did not a South African ‘warrior chief only the other \day, while with one hand shaking the ifeeble arm of the Prince of Wales, shove under the prince’s royal nose a demand for independence? The world is not quite what it used to be for the dollar kings. land of 400,000,000 of and workers, where ,the most appalling situation in all the | world of labor obtains, here a halt is ,being-called to the bloodsucking. Mas- Ses numbering 400 millions and how many times this many scrofula sores, | tubercular infections might we count? Upon the docks, in every builiding | everywhere where “Chinese” workers and peasants eat, sleep or work, there jare to be found little boys and girls, men and women, resting a while every now and then to scratch and pick at their sores. Whenever you see a sore, there a sucker of the tentacle of the tentacle of the imperialist octopus has rested for a period. China is being sucked white. - The Chinese masses are deciding to eat and to keep their blood. That's what it’s all about. By N. Krupskaya. among working and peasant women. But still greater were her services in connection with the organization of the ‘working women. « A Pioneer im Women’s Work. In, 1919 she was at. the head of the working women’s section attached to the C. C. of the R..C,.P.. (B),, and is- sued very careful instructions working women’s organizers. everyone can see how important it is. to have women délegates, but, during \Tecess, upon all junks,; upon, all curbs, oem ont BA it ow. ? Dw the first years of the revolution, the _ manner of carrying on work among non-party working and peasant wom- en was a contentious question. Ines was a keen advocate of delegate meet- ings, She exercised considerable in- fluence over working women, . Now, when we witness the increas- ing influx of working and peasant women into our Soviets, when we see that working and peasant women are eager to join the Party, we must not forget the comrade who laid the foun- dation stone of the organization of working and peasant. women, who ac- complished and sacrificed so much for. their emancipation... ' Working and peasant. women, Jet the memory of Ines Armand be it ro ’ with you, Your neighbor would like to read this issue of the DAILY WORKER. Be neighborly—give it to him! ¥ 4 . 9 all... Sri ksew, @or meatal sox7 3 Va