The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 16, 1925, Page 6

| Page Six THE DATEVY WORKER THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill, Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to * THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Iilinois 3DAHL fon . DUNNE LOEB -.. Business Manager Entered as second-cla mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- | cago, IlL, under the act of March 3, 1879, eRe 290 Advertising rates on application. “The Death of Stans The death of Warren Stone, president of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, may bring new alignments in the labor move- ment. Gompers is gone and the personal enmity between the two has been liquidated by the grave. Stone was popularly supposed to be more to the left than Gom- pers, but nevertheless it was Stone who engineered the first big class collaboration scheme in the labor movement—the brotherhood bank with its connection with the Empire Trust company, of which Charles Schwab is a director. The success of this enterprise from the cap- italistic viewpoint has been an inspiration to the other unions which have launched similar schemes without being able, however, to become an integral part of the Wall Street financial machinery. Stone was typical of the middle class labor leader. His ad- vocacy of a reform political party separate from the partiés of big capital had the same basis as LaFollette’s—the need of the middle class for a party expressing their class interest. The Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers is probably the best example of an organization of the labor aristocracy. . Under Stone it was difficult to discern any difference between its attitude towards the bosses and business generally and that of such middle class or- ganizations as commercial clubs and other associations of merchants. This group is in a constant struggle with the big capitalists, but also hates the working class. Therefore when the individual mem- bers of the brotherhood formed a stock company, bought and operated coal mines in West Virginia with Stote as manager, it treated the United Mine Workers of America exactly as any other stock com-| pany would which was not strong enough to engage in an actual struggle—that is it paid somewhere near the union scale, but re- | | | | Article VII. HE “Open Door” policy of the | United States (the motive for | which it may be well to state again and | | which was the necessity for American |imperialism, having no territorial | base in China, to have a policy of | “equal opportunity” allowing it to compete with Japan and the Buropean | powers for control of China’s trade and natural resources) had fooled the | Chinese into believing that America | was her one friend in a world of ene- | mies, Chinese students coming back |from the United States had told of | American democracy; contrasted with | the feudalism of China and the auto- | cracy of Japan, it was natural that in a country struggling for freedom from | both military dictatorship and foreign domination, the American government with its policy of non-interference in the internal affairs of China except in |trade and commerce, should have | made a favorable appeal to the’ Chi- | nese nationalists. HERE is even some evidence to support the belief that Sun Yat Sen himself was taken in by Amer- ican diplomacy. As late as November, | 1918, he wrote as follows to the, Amer- ;ican ambassador: Thru you alone will the president and the people of the United States see the true state of affairs in China. Your responsibility ‘is indeed great. Whether democracy or milit- arism triumphs in China largely de- pends upon your excellency’s moral | support of our helpless people at | this stage. | This letter of Sun’s is the more sur-| prising because it was sent after | American diplomacy, by first urging and securing, in company with the | allied governments, the breaking of | diplomatic relations by China with the | central powers and then the declara-| | tion of war by China on Germany, had | | written one of the most sordid chap- | | tres in all the crooked history of im- erialism. | je intrigues that finally brought | | China into the world. war with the | | proposal of Wilson th&t China become a belligerent. He, with other Chinese leaders, felt that War meant the rise of the Chinese militarists whom they | were fighting and with ex-President Li Yuan-hung, Kang Yiu-wei and Tang Shao-yi, premier of the first republic, he opposed the declaration of hostili- ties, HERE were three main arguments made by America to convince the. Chinese of the advisability of joining her in war on Germany: 1, That China would be assured of a seat at the peace conference in her own right and On an equal footing with the other powers. 2. That a declaration of war would nullify the agreement, for payment of the Boxer indemnity to Austria and Germany amounting, to $170,000,000. 8, That China would receive a loan of $200,000,000 which she needed bad- ly, from one of the great powers or by a joint arrangement. RESIDENT Yuan Shih-kai was for war as early as 1915 and he had a good reason for it.altho he did not make it public. The evidence of this showing the role played by Great Britain, is interesting; What Yuan really had In mind In declaring himself in favor of the entente powers was the attainment of his ambition to. become an em- the resourceful Yuan, un- willing to give up. his imperial de- The Enslavement of China of capable experts, skilled in mani- pulating Chinese political thought. | He himself was “the apex of the wedge.”..... Next In point of capa- city was Dr. John C, Ferguson, counsellor of the Chinese Red Cross Society, and so In semi-official rela- tions with the Chinese government. Next came Roy S. Anderson, son of a methodist missionary and familiar with the intricacies of Chinese offi- cialdom. Along with these two Americans there were brought into the secret two Australians. One was Dr. George E. Morrison, a paid poli- teal adviser of President Li Luan- hung to look after the special in- terests of China, The other was W. H. Donald, editor of the American magazine, the Far Eastern Review, and for some time correspondent of the New York Herald, Then there came another duet, “writing men,” Charles Stevenson Smith, representing the Associated Press and Samuel G. Blythe, repres- enting the Saturday Eventing Prost. surely would be hard to collect a smoother-tongued coterie, whose members were in a position to: bring pressure in the press on the Chinese nation and its officials. Fortunately for humble chroniclers of these events, the individuals en- gaged in the noble work of deceiving ; a peaceful nation in the interest of all of | the imperialist bandits have not been backward in relating, for the edifica- ; tion and enlightenment of other pa- | triots, the methods by which they | | carried the message and wishes of | | American “democracy” to the Chinese. signs, secretly conferree with Eng- land proposing that he would de- clare war upon Germany and drive German interests from China, if the entente powers would, In return, support his scheme to entnrone him- self. England, eager to exterminate German influence in China, was favorably disposed to this proposal. (“Japan and World Peace”, K. K. Kawakami, Page 129.) Yuan’s plans failed, however, and he died—some say of a broken heart. UT to come again to the events of the early months of 1917. The American embassy wene to work in earnest to persuade or coerce a de- claration of war from China. How the fused to recognize or deal with the union and its committees. In| U?4erstanding that she would recover | diplomatic part of the maneuver was other words, Stone ran an open shop. One of the achievements of Stone was the Locomotive Engineers’ Magazine—a new venture in trade union journalism. Its political oreintation resembles that of the liberal British journal, the Man- chester Guardian, and it has not as yet descended to the slimy depths to which the official A. F. of L. and socialist press has plunged in the war on the left wing and the Communists. It is difficult to say, however, how much of this was due to Stone and how much to the editorship of Albert Coyle. If we were asked to make an estimate we would say that the Locomotive Engineers’ Journal represents the best there is in the middle class in the United States, but that its pacfiist policy, its emphasis on co-operation and general intel- lectual tone is approved of by a very small section of that class. It is probable that the new alignment of which we spoke above will be brought about by the inclusion of the Locomotive Engineers, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers and one or two unions in a bloc either in or out of the American Federation of Labor continuing in mild manner the movement for a split with the two capitalist parties. President Green needs something of this kind to strengthen his ma- chine against the old Gompers element and he is more likely to enter an alliance of this kind than to fight these groups. As for the banking and investment enterprises organized by Stone, they are too well established now to be affected by the death of one individual. Like the union which is their foundation, they are deriving their vitality from that of capitalism and a crisis in American capitalism will change the complacent outlook of the mem- bers and stockholders. Japan Must Choose Upon the r 1 of their iron policy towards China and their ability to convince the Chinese that they have abandoned the idea of military conquest depends not only the future of Japan, but the course of present events in the Far East affecting Great Britain, China, Soviet Russia and the United States. Japanese policy in China since 1894 has followed a straight line. The China-Japanese war of that year, in which China was defeated, gave Formosa to Japan and established her in Fukien province on the mainland. The Russo-Japenese war of 1904-05 gave Japan the dominant position in Manchuria and Korea. The world war of 1914 brought the defeat of Germany in China by Japan and Great Britain and established Japan in Shangtung. Two imperialist rivals were eliminated in these wars and Japan now is trying quite obviously to drive the British out, but due to the rise of the strong nationalist movemnet which Soviet Russia sym- pathetically supports, she must choose between war and peace. The days of forcible penetration of China by Japan are over. She must enter a Russo-China-Japanese bloc against western imperialism or find herself isolated. \ That the strong liberal bourgeois movement in Japan is pressing the Japanese government to follow the former course is shown by the anti-British articles in the Japanese press, the resolutions of merchants’ associations supporting the Chinese protest movement and the hands-off tacties pursued by the Japanese military forces in China. In connection with all this, if one wants actually to understand the mighty role played by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in the present world situation one need only read between the lines of the dispatches from the Far East. The workers and peasants of Soviet Russia are shouldering their way to the Pacific and the Chinese masses are helping to clear the way. The growing labor and revolutionary movement in Japan is another indication that Japanese workers and peasants will wel- come the advent of this ally of the toiling masses of all the world. Morgan has moved a little farther into Belgium with the new loan of $50,000,000 dollars to that country. The bonds bear TY per cent interest—a pawnbroker’s rate—and the effect on the Belgian working class will be only slightly less damaging than the German invasion. It will not be so painful at first, but far more certain in its increase of robbery and lowered standards of living. The list of Chinese workers and students slaughtered by the im- perialist powers is increasing fast. Eight more were murdered yes: terday in Hankow by British troops sion: | the former territories stolen from her | carried out is described as follows by | | first by Russia and Germany and then | by Japan, were of a dual nature. The | United States was trying to set up a| j bloc of the former neutral nations which she could control and of which | China was to be a part while Japan | jand the European powers wanted China to come into the war as one | of the allied nations. , But if Sun Yat Sen was fooled by the hypocrital notes of Wilson pro- fessing friendship for the Chinese people and the Chinese republic after the signing of the armistice he was not sufficiently deceived to favor the Gilbert Reid: President Wilson was solely re- sponsible for instructing on Feb. 4, 1917, all his agents in neutral coun- tries to advise them to sever rela- tions with Germany, How it was carried out in Peking was left to the sponsibility of the American Min- Dr. Paul S. Reinsch, some- acting! with and some- times without, the instructions of Secretary of State Lansing. To show America’s abundant’ power and to hasten compliance dh China’s part, Dr. Reinsch secured an entourage waite in the Saturday Evening | Post in April 1917, Blythe de- scribes the campaign: For hours and hours, day and night, Peking resounded with | speeches to timid Chinese made by | these urgent Americans and the two invaluable Australians, urging, forc- | ing, begging, cajoling, and showing the Chinese who were needful to toe the mark, There was no rest. There was no soft-pedal business. It was a big, hard, two-fisted campaign, and he who dallied was a dastard; and he who doubted was doubly damn- ed! Two secondary arguments were | used to support the main one already | mentioned: That China should form a tentative alliance with the United States and That China, aided by the United States, would be able to resist the en- croachments of Japan. GQ’ this period Reinsch says: ++++1 was in conference with the legation staff and with certain non- official Americas.... of great influ- ence among the Chinese.... Dr. John C, Ferguson addressed himself directly to the premler and the pres- ident.... Mr. Roy S. Anderson and W. H. Donal +» Who were close to the members of the Communica- tion Party and the Kuo Ming Tang, addressed themselves especially to the leaders In parliament. Dr, G, E. Morrison.... had long worked to bring China Into the war (remember the arrangement to make Yuan em- peror.—W. F. D.) he quietly used all his Influence with the president and high officials, in order to make them understand what was at stake. Other Americans and British news- Papermen, like Charles Stevenson Smith and Sam Blythe, who happen- ed to be in Peking, tirelessly working in their own way with men whose confidence they enjoyed, urg- ed the policy proposed by America. (“An American Diplomat in China,” Pages 244-245.) HE steam-roller was in operation and the Chinese, proceeding up- on the fallacious theory that America | was their friend, began to yield to the ‘pressure, But there were many doubt- ers and that some of the Chinese offi- cials sensed the danger to their coun- try and the Chinese liberation move- ment is shown by the following ex- tract from the book quoted above: At a second Interview with the \president, he asked me: °“Would not a positive active foreign policy, particularly if it should lead to war, strengthen the militarist party?” I replied that in my opinion such a contingency would strengthen de- cisively the central government, enabling It to keep the military in their proper place as an organ of the state and preventing the further growth of the pseudo-feudalism in- herited from Yuan Shih-kaf, “But would the American govern- ment assist China-in bearing the re- sponsibilities of such a step?” +++«b had to cable the department of State for instructions as to what assurances | would be authorized to give to the Chinese government..., theccable connection -was broken and | failed to get any reply to as- sist,me.in the negotiations. UT the lack of instructions did not diamper the American minister to any great extent and on February 7, he-sent a note to the Chinese govern- ment which stated: «+++ 1 do, however, feel waranted in.assuming the responsibility of assuring you in behalf of my govern- ment that by the methods you have suggested, or otherwise, adequate means will be devised to enable China to fulfill the responsibilities consequent upon associating herself with the action of the United States | (Special to The this cryptic message: | ricsha coolie.” time dead. The trial was held in the mixed policeman murdered a rischa coolie in cold blood all the ricsha slaves went on strike. Nothing yet has developed in regard to the present occurrence in respect to a strike or an organized protest. The newspaper stated the scene of the probable murder. Knowing this street well I could easily reconstruct the scene in my mind. One of the streets runs by the race course a1é the one crossing it is called Wat-ha!- vei road. I could see the coolie pant- ing along waiting for the day when he would simply collapse and never again sly his trade if it can be called a trade. A Scene on Wai-hal-wei Road, Along Wai-hai-wei Road there ap- Procahes with noiseless tread the long balloon-tired roadster with an overfed bloated Englishman drivtrg it, As he approaches the crossing the ricsha is coming from the opposite direction. A mounted, tremendous Sikh is trotting by. He sees the nar- rowly averted collision. He speeds his horse to where the ricsha coolie has almost fallen due to the force exerted against his momen- ‘um to stop himself and the ricsha. The horse shies as he approaches and frightens the gasping Chinese, Imperialism Strikes, The Sikh lets go a blow, either from his fist or else—without any scruple, knowing he has Britain and its imperialist power behind him —from a short club which is very much like a small “billy.” ‘The coolle collapses. A crowd gathers and it looks quite black for the Sikh, He spurs his horse and rides away. An ambulance is pass- ing. It picks up the coolie and takes him to the public hospital. The coo- He's life isn’t exactly one that retains any resistance inst an injury of of his strength be- that nature, M ing expended on his work (toil, slav- ery) and the rest, nothing to speak of. He has no ‘sical resistance. He | {# dying. Sikh goes thru WHY THERE ARE ANTI-FOREIGN RIOTS IN SHANGHAI; SINBAD TELLS HOW COOLIES ARE KILLED By SINBAD Daily Worker) H SHANGHAI, China (By Mail)—The other day the newspapers contained “Sikh policeman acquitttd of criminal assault on The message went on to state that two days before there had been a | disagreement between a mounted Sikh policeman and a ricsha coolie which | resulted in the coolie being very seriously injured, and most probably by this \58 court and the Sihk acquitted. Once azats the heel of British Imperialism had crushed % life beneath its fron | tread. In Hankow when a settlement ¢- CHILDREN FORCED TO PLEDGE FOR WAR IN ‘FLAG DAY” PROGRAM All school children were ordered to repeat the “oath of allegiance” to the American flag when they re Ported to their class rooms this part of the program of On June 14, each year the men of business remind the youth of the country that “patriot- ism,” means shouldering a gun to go off and fight the workers of an- other land. ‘ Numerous speeches were made yesterday praising the present sys- tem of exploitation of the workers for which the government stands. —————wW«~ formality of a trial, .He is acquitted, Can there be any, wonder at the ex. istence of an anti-foreign movement! P.S. The tragedy of the whole mat ter is that British imperialism uses an Indian Sikh to beat,a Chinese coolie, Anti-Evolution Law Violates 7 Articles of U. s. Constitution DAYTON, Tenn., June 14,—The mo- tion entered in cireuit court by de fense counsel for John T. Scopes high school teacher charged, with violating the Tennessee anti-evolution law, to quash the indictment agutnst Scopes, Says that the anti-eVolution act is un- constitutional, =f The law, which’ forbtas teachers from telling their ils of the theory of evolution, violates seven articles of the constitution of the state, the mo- tion, presented by J. L. Godsey, states. Getting a DAILY WORKER sub or two, will make @ better, Communes ip aay" LTA bv JENSEN MACHINE — USES POLICE IN ELECTION FIGHT “Expelled” Member Is Expected to Win The Harry Jensen machine in Local i , of the Carpenters’ Union, put up a united front with the police depart- ment last Saturday in making war on the progressive caucus, which was endeavoring to place sample copies of the progressive slate in the hands of the carpenters. Those who were passing out the sample ballots were driven away by the police. The police also prevented girls from selling copies of the DAILY WORKER which contained a story of the situation in the union and an exposure of Harry Jensen and his machine. Charley Sands, former socialist la- bor party member, is secretary of Lo- cal 58. This used to be Jensen's stzong- hold, yet the machine’s grip is now getting so weak that they are obliged to call in the police. Returns Not Yet In. The returns from the elections for the district council are not yet in. The progressives believe that some of the candidates on their slate will go over. The candidates for vice- president and conductor are expected to win. The latter, Brother Westen- berg is a member of Local 181, and was one of those expelled by the Jensen gang, but later on reinstated with Kjar and others. All the locals that have so far reported have given a majority of votes to. Westerberg. After his illegal expulsion from local 181, Westerberg who was a delegate to the district council, was ordered thrown out of the district council meeting by Harry Jensen. The chuck- er-out was Westerberg’s opponent in the election. MacMillan Seeks Amundsen. WASHINGTON, D. C., June 14— Donald B. MacMillan has informed the National Georgraphic Society under whose auspices the MacMillan-Byrd expedition will soon start for the Are- tic region, that he would first go to Etah, Greenland, from which base his search for Amundsen would begin if the Norwegian explorer is not heard fram meanwhile, Don’t you be a cag shirker— get subsoriptions for the DAILY (Continued from Page 1) power station, surrounded and isolat- ed ‘it: Gunmen Make Poor Horsemen. The company (which maintains a private army of gunmen) had its “mounted police” to the number of 45, charge the crowd, trying to disperse it: It .was then that Davis was killed and Watson wounded. But the gun- men were not good horsemen and as the horsemen got lost among the crowd swarms of strikers surrounded them and began to drag them to the ground. Many were injured on both sides, but in fifteen minutes the gun- men were rounted and the power house in the hands of the strikers. Its “defenders” had fled. Some of the mounted gunmen man- aged to get away into the town prop- er, the town of New Waterford, where they were put in the jail for protec- ‘SEND MORE TROOPS TO NOVA SCOTIA tion. Of 24 rescued in this way, many ¢ By Wm. F. Dunne government, without any Impalr- ment of her national independence and of her control of her military establishment and general admini- stration. Te United States had therefore made promises to China to aid her in achieving her independence—pro- mises she had no intention of keep- ing and which she subsequently re- pudiated. Meanwhile the flying squadron of q imperialist lobbyists was keeping © busy. The Chinese were given no rest and the most active of all was this great “friend” of China’s Reinsch, the American minister.and Wilsonian de- mocrat. Let us hear from Sam Blythe once more: There was no let-up in the work. Dr. Reinsch was indetatigable. He had repeated audiences with the President and with the premier, He worked night and day, and he cap- 4 : tained the squad ‘that was working with him,... At this juncture Dr. Reinsch rose and declared himself in a vigorous and American manner. He told the Chinese exactly what was proposed to them; what the benefits to China woula be. And he also told them that their attempts at compromise would not suffice. They must go the distance er not start. Also, the Flying Wedge enunciated the same sentiments—not in the dil- plomatic language of Dr. Reinsch, mayhap, but in words that were to the point.... What we wanted was an adequate declaration wnat would allgn China with the United States, and were content to leave the ques- tion of breaking off dipromatic rela- tions to a later date. The Chinese did not know this and they were much perturbed Chinese. They argu- ed shrewdly that they had no griev- ance with Germany; that there had been no situation anterior; and that to do this thing would be like walk- ing up and assaulting an ofd and unoffending friend. Riss Chinese government finally yielded to the pressure and broke off relations by the American method of writing a note demanding the ces- sation of submarine warfare—a de- mand that Germany could not ~and would not accede to. China was not yet in the war but had taken the first step. It is probable that most Chinese did not at this time believe that an actual declaration of war would follow but they were soon'undecetved. The strug- gle between the pro-war and the anti- war factions with American diplomacy fanning the flames, and the terrible blow to the Chinese liberation move- ment which resulted, will be dealt with in the next article. were wounded and all bore the marks of the miners’ anger. General Manager Took to the Woods. General Manager H. J. Mcann, who was in charge of the gunmen at the power house and several other offi- cials of the company—all in the pow- er house when it was captured—are missing and it is believed they fled to the woods for protection. Many company stores and proper- ties are being raided at New Water- ford. Rory D.-McNeil, a mine offi- cial, was dragged from his house and severely beaten. * Lf ef More Troops Against Miners. TORONTO, Ont., June 14.— Fully equipped for service, 350 picked mem- bers of the Royal Canadian Dragoons, will leave this afternoon for Sydney, N. 8S. scene of mine strike disturb- ances. JAPS UNLOAD ALL BLAME FOR CHINA ON GREAT BRITAIN Jap Merchant Class in Foxy Move (Special to The Daily Worker) TOKIO, June 14.—The growing om- inousness of the situation in China produced by the Shanghai riots, in which a number of Cninese students were killed, is inducing Japanese offi- cials and the press to try to lay all the blame for the trouble on the Bii- tish, Japs Accuse the British Special press dispatches from China emphasize British responsibility for the killings, while editorial comment brands the uprisings as anti-British and not anti-Japan The papers urge the government not to take hasty action, which will involve Japan in co- operation with the Britis! The Asahi today says tna: tne Han- kow incident has no connection with Japan or Japanese. “It is entirely and solely anti-British, affording a plain in- dication of the change taking place in China today,” the paper says, Yokohama Merchants Back Chinese The Yokohama Merchants’ associa: tion passed a phe ie expressing sympathy for the students’ anti-Bri- tish movements and urging the Chi- not to agitate against the Japan ee” rf FASCIST COURT _ FREES KILLER OF MATTEOTTI Mussolini "Taloes Fourth Cabinet Post { (Special to The Daily Worker) ROME, Italy, June 14—The fascist press announces that the trial of Gen. Debono, charged with taking part in the murder of the socialist deputy Matteotti, ‘has been com- pleted, with Debono found not guilty. This was expected, as the court was composed of members of the fascisti. Giusseppe Donati, editor of the catholic paper Il Popolo, has fled from Italy, following open threats of yio- lence against him printed in the fas- cist papers. Donati made the charge against Debono, It is expected that the entire Mat- teotti trial will be squashed, altho there was much evidence that Musso- lini and fiis lieutenants carried out the murder conspiracy just a op Mussolini has taken over the post of minister of agriculture, it. is an- nounced. This makes Mussolini min- ister of foreign afatrs, Viation, navy and agriculture, as well as premier, ‘ Every sub you get Red Week of June 15 to 21 is a sulto } 3