The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 31, 1925, Page 4

¢ Page Four THE DAILY WORKER|A Marxian Criti Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1118 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Phone Monroe 4712 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mall (in Chicago only): By mall (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB... Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Ill, under the act of March 8, 1879. eccensees Editors Business Manager Advertising rates on application. <i 200 French Commanists on the Job French Communists have shown to the world, and the world today includes hundreds of millions of colonial workers and peasants, what the Communist parties and the Communist International mean when they say they are for the liberation of all colonial peoples from the imperialist yoke. The Communist deputies demanded the immediate withdrawal of all French troops from Morocco and the immediate ending of the imperialist war. They defended the right of the Riffians to possession of their country and called upon the French troops to refuse to fight for the French imperialists. The socialists raised their yellow banner, as usual. They deplored the cost of the war, regretted the sacrifice of lives, but did and said nothing in behalf of the colonials whom the French govern- ment is murdering that it may retain its control of northern Africa and more efficiently enslave the millions of Negroes in its West African possessions. In France is shown the application of the united front tactics of the Communists in sharp contrast to the betrayal of the colonial peoples by the secialists. It is'a united front from below, unity of the most advanced section of the working class with the most op- pressed of the millions under French rule and the tremendous value of this demonstration of solidarity will be seen more clearly as the “colonial liberation movements gather momentum. The Pittsburgh Sedition Cases The sedition cases against the ten Communist defendants in Pittsburgh have been brought to life after two years. Two reasons probably prompt the authorities in renewing these prosecutions arising out of a May Day celebration two years ago. The first is the activity of the Communists in the steel and allied industries and among the coal miners, the second is the general disposition shown to press such cases, particularly against foreign- born workers, as evidenced by the revival of deportation drives. Pittsburgh without the Communists is fairly peaceful. That is, there is no other determined working class group that takes the lead in the struggle against the steel trust and its government and they have decided to try once more the method of suppression. The Pennsylvania sedition law is more vicious than most of the similar laws in other states because of another measure which “ makes it compulsory for judges to sentence offenders to serve not less than one-half of the maximum sentence. In the Pittsburgh eases this means that the victims will get a miniumum of something like ten years in the penitentiary. The defense of our comrades in Pennsylvania will be a heavy burden on our party, but such work is one of our most important tasks, The savage sentences these comrades must serve if they are convicted make it absolutely necessary that the party respond quickly and generously to all calls in their behalf. From Guatemala It is with the greatest pleasure that we publish the following letter received from a far away region we hear of very little but where American imperialism has reached and where the Communist “press has followed: Guatemala City, April 12, 1925. William Dunne, Editor of the DAILY WORKER. Comrade:—In the name-of this group | send you a cordial greet- Ing, wishing that each day your work goes steadily forward. We recelve your periodical, the DAILY WORKER, which pleases ue very much, but we would prefer It In a Spanish edition. We hope that by means of you, we may be put in contact with other groups that follows the same Id Without further particulars, | am happy to sign myself, your comrade In the struggle—Antonio Cumes, Secretary of the SINDICATO ROJO DE ZAPATEROS (Red Uunion of Shoemakers). This is not the first letter from Latin-American countries we have published and this fact shows the keen interest of the Latin- American workers in the progress of the Communist movement in the United States. They would prefer to haye the DAILY WORKER in Spanish, as they say, but they find someone of their-number who reads English and it is translated for them. By many methods the workers of the two continents are being brought together in the common struggle and of all these methods the circulation of the Communist press is most effective. A Martyr of the Revolution The death of Marko Friedman, hanged by the Bulgarian murder government, is an inspiration to every revolutionist. He died as he had lived, an uncompromising foe of capitalism. At his trial he accused the Zankov government of the slaughter of thousands of workers and peasants and laid upon it the respon- sibility for the Sofla explosion. He was sent to the gallows as a victim of the insane blood lust of the Bulgarian rulers and their imperialist backers. He had no part in the bomb explosion, but he defended bravely the workers and peasants during the countless and horrible persecutions in- flicted upon them. As a Communist he had carried out the Com- munist policy of building a mass movement and no one knew better than he the futility of individual acts of terror as a means of freeing the working class. Friedman is another name added to the long, long list of the martyrs of the revolution. Unlike the early christian martyrs, however, ours die fighting and this is the way Communists want to die. The new order is appearing and its foundation stones are cemented with the blood of the bravest of our class in Bulgaria and » every other country. The Newer Spirit, a soclologle: criticism of literature, by V. F. C; verton, publisher, by Bon! and Live- right. YOUNG scholar, 25 years old, V. F. Calverton by name, has just published a book of essays, “The Newer Spirit.” The sensation that at- tends a new novel by Sinclair Lewis or a harlequinade by H. L. Mencken, has not followed Calverton’s book. It has received long and. puzzled reviews in many capitalist papers, but the “young intellectuals” who speak for bourgeois America today have not made any great fuss over Calverton. Why should they? The young intellec- tuals who half-belleved that czardom would last forever did not make much of a fuss when Plechanoff wrote the first book of Marxian assays in Rus- sia, Russia today realizes, however, that Plechanoff was the intellectual forefather of the ideas behind the Russian revolution. Hs book, to the best of my knowl- edge, is the first serious attempt in this country to apply the touch- stone of Marxian interpretation to every phase of human thought. We have had a few Marxian propagan- dists and economic theorists in Ame- rica, Daniel De Leon first of all, but Calverton seems the first to. have reached out into domains hitherto considered sacred to the cultured col- lege bred bourgeoisie. He has not al- lowed himself to be confined to eco- nomics and history alone; Marxism is a key to the riddle of all human thought, 6m Imagine a Marxian bringing his stern eye and steely technique of criticism into the muddled and trou- bled worlds of psychology, anthropo- logy, literature, art, ethics, esthetics, science in general, Here, for many years, the college professors have felt themselves safe from revolution- ary thought; and American Marxians, hitherto, have not had the boldness, the desire or the equipment to chal- lenge the bourgeois professors in their own fields. Calverton, follow- ing in the footsteps of the European and Russian giants of Marxism, walks fearlessly into the bourgeois temples, however, and with cool, dispassion- ate, and almost dull determination proceeds to smash {dol after idol. AMUNDSEN MAY BE EXPLORING, BELIEF OF AIDS Not to Search for Pole ’ Flier for Week OSLO, Norway, May 29.—Continued fair weather in the Polar zone and the knowledge that Captain Roald Amundsen expected to make more ex- tensive observations at the Pole than was at first believed served to allay the fears that have been expressed as to his safety. Latest dispatches from Spitzbergen, where Amundsen and his companions hopped off on their daring aerial dash to the Pole last Thursday stated that members of his base party did not favor starting any search for the missing explorer until at least two weeks have elapsed. Amundsen’s instructions, according to Lieut. Horgen, a member of the party still at Spitzbergen, were that if he has not heard from him for four- teen days, the steamer Hobby was to go eastward and the steamer Farm, westward along the ice barrier. If a six-week search produced no result, the ships were to return on the pre- sumption that Amundsen was direct- ing his course to Cape Columbia, ap- proximately 250 miles north of Green- land. These instructions Indicated that Amundsen started out on his spec- tacular dash with the firm intention of making observations that would re- quire considerable time, Woman Killed in Auto. PEORIA, IIl., May 29.—Miss Bernice Sholz was killed and Attorney Bran- non and Edna Bartlett injured when the car in which they were riding, crashed into a telephone pole. Construct R. R. Tracks, WASHINGTON, May 29.—The Chi- cago and Northwestern railway asked the interstate commerce commission today for authority to construct four miles of railroad between Wakefield and Thomaston, Michigan. FINLAND DISCREDITS ATTACK OF ITS LONDON ENVOY ON THE SOVIETS MOSCOW, U, &. 8, R., May 29— the commissariat of foreign affairs announces that the representative of the Soviet Union in Finland, M Chernych, has interrogated the Fin- nish government in connection with the attack against the Soviet Union made by the Finnish ambassador of London, Donner. M. Idman, Finnish minister of foreign affairs, replied that the Finnish government does not ap prove of the statements of M. Donner, THE DAILY. WORKER ‘essays reveal the important | ie farreaching tasks this young critic has set for himeelf: 1. The Soolologli Itlolam of i Lite: In this essay proves how mystic and mushy, most American [literary criticism is. It is based on whim and class prejudices. Calver- ton gives a miniature history of liter- ature, and shows how it has in every age reflected the life of the predomin- ant class. As the proletariat rises to power, it is also becoming the theme for fiction and art, he says. 2. Sherwood Anderson, a Study In Soclologloal Criticism. In this rather lengthy essay Cal- verton analyzes the work of one of the best of modern fietionists in America, and shows the proletarian coming to consciousness in some of Anderson’s stories. He also shows the social sources of Sherwood Anderson’s many defects—his adolescent mysticism, his peasant-like fear of machinery and large cities. A searching Marxian study—one of the first ever attempt- ed in this field in America. 8. The Impermanency of Esthetic Values. pars essay is a very cool and scien- tic demolition of all the the the- ories of the art-for-art-sakers. The favorite illusion of artists is that tho all other values in life are inconstant, and change with the centuries, art has certain values-that are immortal. Calverton destroys this obsession. 4. Proletarian Art. “The proletarian motif have intro- duced a new psychological element in- to art,” this essay begins. It traces the rise of the proletarian minded writers in America. It should have been the longest and most important essay in the book, but Calverton has been rather weak here. Perhaps one needs a full book to cover this sub- ject. I should like to see a critic like Calverton discuss the youngest proletarian writers, those whose work appears in only the revolutionary jour- nals—and who have not yet publish- ed books. It is in such work that a critic creates and inspires a new world, also’proves his ability to pick for the future. “sane (Continued from page 1.) principle. *T. U. E, L. members pres- ent leaned forward breathlessly await- ing the amalgamation message, but Mattey failed to draw the conclusion. Waxing eloquent the disappointed crown prince orated, “There are those who say that capitalism must be des- troyed. No, No! There are those who say we must take possession of the tools of production, No. No!” He then waxed sentimental and described the human hands as the greatest tools and that control over them was all the control that labor needed, and petered off into vague generalities on organ- ization. Fakers and Wobblles Agree Speaking on the open shop drive in 1920 he said that labor had in most places withstood the onslaught, but that in certain places “flexibility” was necessary. Although Woll is on the political committee of the A. F. of L. lined up with the I. W. W. in an attack upon working class political action and joined the syndicalists in worshipping at the shrine of economic power. In vesting “economic power” with cor- poredl being he portrayed it as riding rough shod over a political instru- WOLL SPEAKS IN DEFENSE OF CAPITAL 5. Critique of American Criticism. HIS, to me, is the most delicious chapter in the book, The pompous wind) bourgeois critics who write for the American Mercury, The Na- tion, the Dial, et al, are here handed some of the solidest wallops they have ever received. Nothing personal or Petty—just clear scientific analysis, crueller with {ts lancet-thrust than any club. H. L. Mencken,» the newspaper Neitzchean, a college boy’s dream of @ supremacy, is disposed of as neatly and completely as even the most ar- dent enemy of his brand of near-beer supermanliness could wish. The con- clusion reads: 46\VET Mr. Mencken is representa- tive of our present generation He is representative of an era. that Precedes collapse, His verbal antics and inconsistencies of logic vividly re- flect the chaotic indecision and con- tradiction of our time—and nation. Our mind ds-still afflicted with dubiety and myopia, It revolts against bour- geois ethics, but not against bourgeois economics. It is feverish and fréne- tic, insurrectionary of mood, but with- out knowledge of direction. It is con- tent with superficial remonstrance. It realizes deficiencies but prefers to laugh at them—not to lessen or elimi- nate them. And so Mr. Mencken thrives!” ‘ 6. Morals and Determinism. A shrewd and scholarly study, from the Communist-Marxian viewpoint, of this tangled central theme of most classic philosophy. 7. The Great Man Illusion. A fine bit of original thinking. 8. The Rise of Objective Psychology. What has happened in economics, is happening in the less established sclence of psychology. The material- ist viewpoint is unlocking many a| riddle here, 9. The Quantitative Cérfeption. A study in scientific method, and how it has begun to affect all modern thought. 10. The Trend of Modern Psychology. Another assault on the philosophic idealists, who so long have obscured confused and corrupted the young thinkers who might have helped in the social struggle. EN essays in all; not a well-round- ed book, but a collection of scatter- ment, namely the Sherman anti-trust law. Bring On Your “Economic Power” It transpires as grim humor that after the meeting Woll’s chairman Brother Collins and Brother Fitz- gerald were pinched for violation of the anti-trust law and that Brother Woll must resort to this dispised political action to free his “economic” agents. “Harmony and order” were invoked much as the chamber of commerce invokes law and order and obviously against the same militancy which dis- turbs the tranquillity of the babbitts in both camps. The only “disturbing” note was sounded by Frank X. Martel, president of the Detroit Federation of Labor, who spoke of the bosses “driv- ing slaves.” Brother Woll_ and others had used the more euphemistic term, “wage earners.” An organization committee was selected consisting of Wm. Collins, chairman; Brothers Coach, McCoy, Loughead, Fitzgerald, Martel and Batt. The meetings are to be held the 2nd and 4th Wednesdays of each month. An enlarged organization com- mittee consisting of three members from each local union will participate in these bi-weekly meetings. INDICT 269 FOR MONOPOLY AND PRICE FIXING Charge the | Makers F Formed Trust Charging price asi and curtailing of productfon in viol of the Sher- man anti-trust law, two hundred and sixty nine indictments were returned in federal court here against furniture and refrigerator manufacturers all over the country. Their annual busi- ness totals $60,000,000. Books and records:of the suspected. companies were laid the grand jury. Radiograms were ‘employed to serve subpoenaes. The central point at which the price of the product was fixed is said to have been Grand Rapids, Mich, Sweden Reduces Army. STOCKHOLM, May 29.—The Swed- ish rikedag, after a bitter debate, vot- ed to accept the defense commission’s proposal reducing the size of the army trom six to four 260 Telephone Gitis Lose Jobs. FORT WAYNE, I May 29.— At midnight tonight the Telephone company switches © to the auto- matic system and 250™gelephone oper- ator girls will be fobs. Van Sweringen Has No Records of R. R. Merger, He Claims WASHINGTON, May 29.—O, P, Van Sweringen, creator of the plan to merge five railroads into a single sys- tem was subjected to a searching PPaeniture \eross-examination before the inter- state commerce commission today by Henry W. Anderson,. counsel for dis- senting minority stockholders of the Chesapeake & Ohio, one of the roads involved in the proposed consolida- tion. None of the memoranda, studies, re- ports and letters bearing on the merger has been preserved. 1. C, Would Issue Bonds, WASHINGTON, May 29.—The IIli- nois Central railroad and two of its subsidies, the Chicago, St. Louis and New Orleans and the Canton Aber- deen and Nashville asked the inter- state commerce commission today for authority to issue $7,094,000 of Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis and New Orleans joint first refuding mort- gage bonds. Killed at R. R. Crossing. PITTSBURGH, May 29—One man was killed and four others were ser- fously injured at Sharpsburg, near here, today when their automobile, trapped between safety gates, was struck by a Pennsylvania passeng train, Getting a DAILY WORKER sub or two, will make a better Communist of you, ism of Art and Science|DOHENY WILL - ed essays. Yet there is displayed a viewpoint—a philosophy—and it is the new, scarcely emerging world phi- losophy of world Communism. Here and there, in Europe and Russia and the orient, young thinkers are arising to do this important work of destroy- ing the old bourgeois values in art and science, and erecting the new pro- letarian world om the ruins. Cal- verton is one of the first to attempt the job in America. That is why he is so interesting. His book has faults. Calverton be- comes wordy and pollysylabic at times—his weight of learning cramps the swift, youthful spirit of his thought, which is forced to limp, when it should run, He should learn how not to write for the wide audiences interested in “the newer spirit,” and the books it produces. There are marks of provinciality in some of Calverton’s ideas, also; he has a naive awe of successful writers like Sherwood Anderson. Calverton has not enough self-consciousness to realize that he belongs to another ge- neration than Anderson’s, and that his task as critic—is to search out and gather the young men of his own generation in battle against the An- dersons and: Carl Sandburgs, whose work is already finished, great as that work was. paeee are not many, perhaps to gather; the skilled artists and writers in America who are bolshe- viks and are trying to create prole- tarian art can be counted on the hands. But Calverton is one of them; and he should stimulate and criticize and cast in his fortunes with the rest. For I believe he has the makings of a great intellectual leader, this young Calverton who pursues hfs scholar- ship in the city of Baltimore, and his book to me is a wonderful signal from the future. It is a proof that think- ing has not died in the revolutionary movement here—I mean philosophical thinking, which so many of the “hard boiled” profess to despise, like the old-time wobbly. In Europe or Russia, Calverton will be understood and knuwn a great deal better than he will be here, but that is because there have been real revo- lutions over ‘there—and men know that a new world Js in birth—with more problems than that of trade unionism.—Michael Gold. ‘SYMBOLISM’ TO BE SPOUTED BY SCOPES’ DEFENSE Will Not ‘Das Expos. Nonsense i in Bible DAYTON, Tenn., May 29.—The re- port here that Rey. George Craig Stewart pf)Hvanston, pastor of the fashionable St. Luke’s episcopal parish and a trustee of Northwestern University, may be called-as a witness for the defen8e of John Scopes, adds further proof to the statement that the defense, will not deny the truth of the bible, The attorney defending the right of Scopes fo-teach evolution in the public schools of the state, despite the state anti-evolution law, will try to reconcile the statements of Darwin with the statements of the bible. They will not be bold enough to state plain- ly that the bible is a mixture of his- tory and fantastic fairy tales, but will call on Stewart and others to declare that the bible may be interpreted “symbolically” to include the theory of evolution, 4 Dr. Stewart claims that the bible is “spiritual” and cannot be contradicted by physical science, Jardine Harmless, Gamblers Find After Flood of Mealy Talk Secretary of Agriculture William M. Jardine believes conditions in the board of trade here would be much bettered if there were limitations in grain price fluctuations. He wants also to see,established a clearing house for trades.. Secretary: Jardine thus expressed himself today to President Carey and directors of thé board of trade. Jar- dine would not say, however, that he would take definite steps to “regulate” stock-gambling. End Revenue Probe. WASHINGTON, May 29—The Couz- ens committee of the senate, which has been acting an investigation of the internal revenue bureau, in- cluding prohibition enforcement, to- day ended its formal hearings. Deport Workers to Africa, LISBON, Portugal, May 29~Thirty workers accused of revolutionary ac- tivity were placed aboard ship today for deportation to Portuguese Guinea in Afri Blast in ‘Chop Suey Parlor, Two men were Killed today when a hot-water heater in the Hung Yick chop suey parlors in the loop explod- ed wrecking the building. The vic- tims lived in aiarters above the res- taurant v3 FIGHT CAL, OL LEASE E DECISION Judge Rules L Lease Must Be Returned LOS ANGELES, May 29, — United States Judge Paul J. McCormick late today rendered a decision declaring illegal the H. L. Doheny leases in the Elk Hills, California, naval oil reserve and cancelling the Doheney contracts for construction of navy fuel storage facilities at Pearl Harbor, Hawait, The Teapot Dome lease in Montana is still held by H. ¥, Sinclatr, Ca ar Case Not Yet Ended. ‘WASHINGTON, May 29—The de- cision of Federal Judge Paul J. Mc. Cormick in ordering the Pan-American Petroleum Co., to give up its leases at Elk Hills, Calif, and its storage facilities at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the ground that they were obtained from former Secretary of the Interior Fall, thru “fraud,” was described by Frank J. Hogan, one, of the Doheny attorneys, as only the “first step” in the oil lease litigation. Hogan’ said that an appeal would be noted by counsel for Doheny in Los Angeles in June, eee Fraud and Conspiracy LOS ANGELES, May 29.—Covering more than 105 typewritten pages, the decision includes the following out- standing findings: Each of the contracts and leases held by the Doheny interests is “void and illegal” because of fraud and con- spiracy of Fall and Doheny and fur ther because of transfer and delega- tion of power from the secretary of the navy to the secretary of the in- terior. Fall and Doheny were guilty of con- spiracy and fraud and acted against “public policy” thru Doheny’s $100,000 “Joan”’ to Fall while the Doheny in- terest were negotiating leases and contracts. NEW YORK CiTY Party Activities Conference on International Workers Aid. NEW YORK, May 29—The next conference of the International Work- ers Aid will take place on Monday, June 1, 1925, at 8 p, m., at 108 E. 14th St., room 32. This will be a very important meeting, as the International Work- ers Aid is to be reorganized. It is very important that every branch del- egate 18 present. Every branch which has not yet elected a delegate should do so at once. eee Conference of the Labor Defense Counoll. NEW YORK, May 28—The next conference of the Labor Defense Council will take place on Tuesday, June 2, 1925, at 8 p. m., at 108 E. 14th St., room 82. ‘This conference must be attended by all delegates of the Workers Party, Young Workers Le: and Junior groups: Reorganization of the Labor Defense Council is about to be under- taken, and all delegates must partici- pate in the conference, in order that the reorganization plans may be car- ried out as quickly as possible, ene Tag Day for Irish Famine Victims. NEW YORK, May 29—The Irish Workers and Peasants Famine Relléf Committee is arranging a Tag Day on June 27 and 28, in order to raise as large a sum for the Irish famine vic- tims as possible. The Free State government is con- cealing all information abofit the famine in Ireland, and the capitalist press of this country is doing Iike- wise. Reports, however, indicate that the famine 1s as bad as ever, and the American workers are called upon to show their solidarity with their com- fades in Ireland. All sympathetic organizations are invited:to participate in the Tag Day in ofder that the whole city may ‘og covered. ; Find the Ge er f (Continued from Pagé 4 COAL GLEN, N. C., May 29.—Bodies of thirty-eight victims of the explosion in the Carolina Coal company’s mine had been recovered late this after- noon, | Working tirelessly, rescue parties were hopeful that bodies of other miners rapped would be brought to the top before night, Mine experts re the blasts were caused by teattion ote gas pocket, 7 sre * Two More Bodies Found SANFORD, N. ©., May 29.~ The bodies of George and F. S. Anderson, miners, were brought from the Caro- na Coal company’s wrecked mine shortly before dawn today, making a total of elght of the seventy-one en- tombed men jwhich have been brought to the surface. Members of the rescue party that, found the bodies said it was their ‘opinion that every one of the entombed men was dead, Six etme recovered last night four of white men and two Negroes, —