The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 19, 1925, Page 3

Monday, January 19, 1925 —— PHILA. BOSSES IN DRIVE FOR CHILD SLAVERY Call Selves “Advocates of the Constitution” By H. M. WICKS. (Special to The Daily Worker) PHILADELPHIA, Pa. Jan. 18.—In this city—"the cradle of liberty”—where the scab shop reigns supreme, where wages are lower and hours of labor longer than in any city of its class, the exploiters of labor have banded together into an association bearing the euphon- ious title “Advocates of the Constitution” for the avowed purpose of defeating the rati- fication by the Pennsylvania legislature of the .child labor amendment. The motive of the organization, ac- cording to its proclamations, is purely benevolent. It is no at all interested in profits to be ground out of children, but wants to protect children from the temptations of idleness and incul- cate habits of thrift. Copying the despicable propaganda of the New England textile codfish ar- istocracy in its assault upon children last November, the Philadelphia aggre- gation uses the same banal argu- ments in favor of child slavery that were used a hundred years ago against the demand for the shorter work day. At that time the hypocritical forbears of the present generation of bourgeois swine declared. that shorter hours of labor would encourage crime and that all public spirited citizens should approve those capitalist virtues of in- dustry and thrift. A Fake “Survey.” One Donald Lee McCuen, one of the leading lights of the “advorates of the constitution,” published the results of a “survey” conducted among working class families in some of the poorer sections of the city. | Housewives, small shopmen, boys under 18 and “many others” were investigated and they all agreed that their families “would be deprived of needed funds for food and clothing should the amendment become a part of the con- stitution.” The “survey” also included em- “ployers of child labor, A certain B. “HL. Seibert! stoolpigeon “director for the Kirschbaum plant, who is known as the “personnel and welfare direc- tor” declared he is convinced that the amendment if adopted will “develop reds and criminals and would in- crease the population of the alms houses,” and added that “thrift hab- its formed by employment were the building blocks of character.” Trade Union Survey. A group of trade unionists from the Central Labor Council covered the same terirtory alleged to have been surveyed by the upholders of the con- stitution and could not find a single instance of workers having been inter- viewed by the employers’ agents. ‘The great “survey” was evidently con- ducted from the swivel chair of the publicity agent of the bosses. The investigation of the trade un- ionists did disclose, however, almost indescribable conditions of want and poverty; whole families living hud- dled together in cold, ill-ventilated rooms, many of them without beds in which to sleep; compelled to lay on the bare floors. These are the homes from which child slaves are re- cruited—veritable pest holes, overrun with vermin and where loathsome dis- eases take a regular toll of death. In many of these hovels children do bead work for fancy dresses of the de- generate female appendages of the parasitic plutes, Many of the little tots sew long hours over shiny beads until their eyes are ruined—while their exploiters organized in the “ad- vocates of the constitution” assure the rest of the city that play in the open air and sunshine would make criminals of these helpless slaves. So widespread is the depravity emanat- ing from child slavery that even the parents frequently defend that slay- ery. Nowhere in the world can there be found worse degradation than in this “city of brotherly love.” So widespread is every form of criminality that for a year the city has been under martial law, with an officer of the United States marines as military dictator. The police force, the courts, every organ of law enforcement is a part of the gigantic vice machine where gambling, dope peddling, bootlegging proceeds unmo- lested, except for an occasional spec- tacular raid by the mono-maniac, Gen- eral Butler, loaned the city trom the army. Not even the ingenuity of a Philadlephia lawyer is sufficient to convince people that the city could possibly be more criminal than at present. And the children are being “protected” in slave pens, At a meeting of the Central Labor Union held Sunday the officers were instructed to challenge the cates” to debate the LENINISM WILL BE THE SOUL OF THE THE DAILY WORKER Page Three LENIN MEMORIAL MEETING ON FEB. 1 AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN, N. Y. for the establishment of the power of those who still had faith in bourgeois could use the capitalist state in order to ride into power. What Is Leninism? This alignment of the revolutionary forces was of great significance. It laid the basis for the revolutionary movement and eventually of the revo- tion. It has become apparent, how- ever, that the mere formation of Com- munis Parties will not achieve the re- volution. Only Bolshevik parties can perform this gigantic feat—only par- ties trained in the tactics, strategy and discipline of a real Bolshevik par- ty can lead the masses to the dictator- ship of the proletariat. Lenin was the father of the Bolshe- vik party. He was the creator of Bol- shevism, His genius and insight led the vanguard of the Russian working class into and thru the proletarian revolution to victory. With a well- trained band of disciples, he permeat- ed the workers of Russia with the idea and will to revolution, employing the methods that the revolution re- quires. This today is embodied in what we call Leninism, Leninism embraces organization and ideology. It demands flexibility of tactics, It is not the raising of the torch of the revolution—but the appli- cation of “zigzag” ways to get tothe revolution. Being Marxism in the per- iod of world imperialism, Leninism de- mands elasticity, capacity for rapid change of method—but always based upon a keen analysis and understand- ing of capitalism. But above all, Len- inism demands a centralized party— a party rooted in the shops—a party whose members accept iron discipiine —a party capable of leading the mass- es and willing to fight to the end. Capitalism at End of Rope. Capitalism is reaching the end of its rule. To maintain their control, the capitalists will use the most brutal (Special to the DAILY WORKER) NEW YORK, Jan, 18.—The organization of the Communist parties and the establishment of the Communist International separated the revolutionary workers from the workers still under the control of the social-democrats. The lines were clearly drawn between the workers who were willing to fight the workers and poor farmers against democracy and still believed that they FERRE GENES AED AR AE methods under either the guise of “de- mocracy” or fascism. To put an end to capitalist rule will require the most minute application of Leninism. It means the emulation of the methods and tactics of that party, which, un- der the leadership of Lenin, carried out a successful revolution—the Rus- sian Communist Party. The lessons of this revolution and of the methods employed have been embodied in the Communist Interna- tional. Leninism— Bolshevism — is the slogan of the hour. To meet the coming crisis, our Communist Par- ties must be Bolshevized—Leninized. He who pointed and led the way fin- isher his work just one year ago. Noth- ing more fitting in this day when dan- ger confronts the workers of the whole world than to comemmorate the day of his death by raising high the slogan that embodies -his work: Leninism. Lenin Memorial Meeting. This will be the soul of the Lenin Memorial meeting of the Workers (Communist) Party to be held at Madison Square Garden on Feb. 1) This is the day when all revolution- ary workers will once more review the revolutionary movement and learn the lessons of its struggles. This is the day when the revolutionary work- ers and oppressed peoples will stop to think of the great comrade who led the way and left the struggle, for us to continue in his path. Tickets for the meeting on sale at 208 E. 12th St., 1347 Boston Road, 535 E. 136th St., 64 EB. 104th ot, 350 B. 81st St.; Brooklyn: 46 ven Hyck St.,, 61 Graham Ave., 1373 43rd St., 764 40th St. 1844 Pitkin Ave. LENIN MEMORIAL MEETINGS Many Meetings Planned. The list of meetings so far ar- ranged follows: Wednesday, Jan. 21. Chicago, III, at 8 p. m., at Ashland Auditorium, Ashland and Van Buren Sts. Speakers: Browder, Dunne, Eng- dahl, and Swabeck. Kansas City, nounced. Speaker, J. E. Snyder. » Friday, Jan. 23. Niagara Falls, N. Y., at 7:30 p. m., Hippodrome Hall, corner Pine and 19th Sts. Speaker to be announced. Rever, Mass., Eagle’s Hall, Shirley and Walnut Aves., at 8 p. m. Speaker, I. Amter. Saturday, Jan. 24. Philadelphia, Pa., at 8 p. m., at the Lulu Temple, corner Broad and Spring Garden. Sts. Speakers: Olgin, Baker, and Carlson. South Bend, Ind., at 8 p. m., at Workers’ Home, 1216 W. Colfax Ave. Speaker, Manuel Gomez. Milwaukee, Wis., at 8 p. m., at the Auditorium. Speakers: Foster and Max Bedacht:; Seattle, Wash., Painters’ Hall, Un- ion Record Bldg., at 8 p. m. Speaker: Norman H. Tallentire. © Sunday, Jan. 25. St. Paul, Minn. Commonwealth Hall, 435 Rice St., at 8p. m. Speaker: Earl Browder. Minneapolis, Minn.. Humboldt (Fin- nish) Hall, 1317 Western Ave., No., at 2 p.m. Speaker; Earl Browder. Denver, Col., at 8 p. m., Machinists’ Hall, 1715 California St. Speakers to be announced. Grand Rapids, Mich., at 2:30 p. m. Workmen's Circle Temple, 347 Mt, Movies for Workers GO TO YOUR CLASS MOVIES! “Beauty and Bolshevik” and “Russia in Overalls.” Niagara Falls, Jan. 19. Brockton, Mass., Jan. 19. Galloway, W.-Va., Union Theater, Jan, 23. Concipnati, Ohio, Labor Temple, Jan. 22. Zeigler, Ill., Jan. 28. i Chicago, Ashland Auditorium, Feb. Pittsburgh, Pa. N. Carnegie Music Hall, Feb. 7. South Bend, Ind., Feb. 11. Minneapolis, Minn., Feb. 15. St. Paul, Minn., Feb. 20. Milwaukee, Wis., Mar. 7. San Francisco, March 21. Russia and Germany. Chicago, 4624 N. Crawford Ave., Jan. 18. Polikushka. Christopher, Ill., Jan, 22. Chicago Movie Tickets. Two additional stations where tick- Mo., ‘hall to’ be an-| Vernon Ave. nounced. i Hartford, Conn. Labor Educational Alliance, 287 Windsor Ave., at 2:30 p. m. Speaker: Joseph Manley. Detroit, Mich., at 2 p. m., House of the Masses, 2101 Gratiot Ave. Speak- er, Robert Minor. Speaker to be an- Auditérium, 12 Berkeley St. Speaker, John J. Ballam. Cleveland, Ohio, Hall to be announc- ed later. Speaker, Benjamin Gitlow. Los Angeles, Cal., at 2 p. m., Blanch- ard Hall, 233 8. Broadway. Speaker James H. Dolsen. Easton, Pa., at 2 p. m., Lithuanian (Bakers) Hall, N. 7th St., near North- ampton St. Speaker to be announced. Dowell, Ill., at 2 p. m., Rex Theater, Union Ave. Speaker, John Mihelic. Bridgeport, Conn., at 8 p. m., Work- men’s Circle Hall, 310 State St. Speak- er to be announced. Akron, Ohio, at 2 p. m., Zeigler Hall, corner Voris and Miami Sts. Superior, Wis., Workers’ Hall, cor- ner Tower and 5th. Speaker to be announced. Tacoma, Wash., Labor Temple, City Hall Annex, at 8 p.m. Speaker: Nor- man H. Tallentire. Sunday, Feb. 1. New York, N. Y., at 2 p. m., Mad. son Square Garden. Speakers: Foster and Ruthenberg. New Haven, Conn., Hermanson’s Hall, 15 Crown St., at 8 p. m. Speaker, Joseph Manley. Buffalo, N. Y., at 8 p. m., Labor Ly- ceum, 376 William St. Speaker to be announced. Portland, Ore., 227 Yamhill St, at 8 p.m. Speaker: Stanley Clark, OMNIBUS POSTAL BILL T0 BE CONSIDERED ON THURSDAY BY SENATE WASHINGTON, Jan. 18, — With the administration’s support, the senate this afternoon passed a “spe- clal order” providing for formal con- sideration of the omnibus postal sal- ary bill next Thured: This action, taken by a vote of 56 to 10, e the postal measure, which provides $68,000,000 salary in- creases for postoffice employes ana raises the revenue from higher post- rates, a preferred position over all other legislation. SPECIAL NOTICE! On Back Numbers of the DAILY WORKER The heavy cost of handling back numbers for which there has been a steady demand necessitates the following prices: 5 CENTS PER COPY on all issues within 30 days of current Issue. 10 CENTS PER COPY for all issues over 30 days old. “Boston, Mass., at 3 p: m., Scenic} SOVIETS LEAD IN THE FIGHT AGAINST OPIUM Capitalist Nations Dare Not Go As Far (Continued from page 1) preparatory committee, proposing to the people’s commissariat to send a delegate to the session of the consul- tative commission to be held on the 11th of August. “As such a belated invitation ob- viously rendered superfluous any dis- cussion of the proposal in substance, all that has been left to the govern- ment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is to take up such position or other on the issue of its partici- pation in the November conference. Soviet Rule Leads All. “The. people’s commissariat of for- eign affairs must first of all state that in the anti-drug fight the Unjon of Soviet Socialist Republics goes before all other countries of Europe. “The people’s commissariat is in a position to declare that a number of such measures have been adopted by the government of the union against the spread of opium as other modern governments would never risk for fear of opposition on the part of pri- vate interests. “Thus, by its own efforts and its own decision, the government of the union achieves the object set before the anti-drug conference. The par- ticipation of the Union of Soviet So- cialist Republics in this conference might only pursue the aim of exercis- ing pressure on other states with a view to insuring the adoption of simi- lar measures. “Having taken knowledge of the re- view of the preparatory committee’s labors, sent in by the general secre- tary’s office, the government of the union observed that this committee contented themselves but with ex- pressing the deep-regret they felt at the discovery that it was impossible for them to reach an agreement over the various propositions made by the committeemen and that therefore they could not submit to the confer- ence any finkl scheme. Thus the on- ly result of the committee’s labors has been to fix the impossibility for the powers represented upon the committee to reach an agreement over any practical measures in the tter dealt with, . “Now, ‘analyzing the propositions made by members of the preparatory committee and the objections brought forth against them, the government of; the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub- lics was constrained to come to the conviction that every proposition made by different members inevitably mét with the objection by other mem- bers pointing out that such proposi- tion or other protected unilaterally the commercial interests of the pro- posers to the detriment of other states—an argument which, if closely considered, proved from an‘ impartial, point of view to be quite correct. For example, it was pointed out jn refer- ence to the proposition of the Dutch delegate, that it safeguarded the monopoly of the producers of leaves from which cocaine is manufactured, that is first of all the position of Hol- land, which would be enabled to raise prices arbitrarily. The same ob- jection was raised against the British scheme of limitation of the produc- tion of drugs and regulation of their distribution. It appeatis indeed, that the British plan would create a mon- opoly for drug producing countries, in- cluding certain British dominions and colonies, which would be able to raise prices at their own discretion. A: for the French scheme, the opint was voiced that it leaves altogether untackled the task of limiting the pro- duction of dru; providing only for the setting up of various control and inspection methods and measures, and creating obstacles to international trafic in drugs. Incidentally, the French draft contains specific attacks aimed at England in this reference. Feel Participation Useless. , “The government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics has come to the conclusion that in connection with the task undertaken of fighting the spread of opium and other drugs, the various states are striving to sat- isty their own commercial interests and gain material benefits. Under such circumstances, the Union of Sov- jet Socialist Republics regards that its participation in these committees or conferences is useless. “Whereas the government of the union maintains its attitude, which it has repeatedly stated, towards the so-called league of nations, it did agree sometimes to participate in con- rences called or committees consti- tuted by that organization when such meetings attain, were it even in part, any really tangible and profitable re- sults in the interests of humanity and economic necessity. “Thus, for instance, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics partakes in the hygienic committee of the league of nations. As for the drug confer- ence, it cannot—to judge by the work of its preparatory committee—yield positive results of and kind whateo- By ISRAEL A AMTER. T was Sunday, Jan. 28, 1924. A bit- ter cold day in Moscow. The work- ers and peasants in their millions had come to Moscow to pay the last re- spects and tokens of love to their great leader. All night long they had passed thru the Temple of Labor, to get the last glimpse of Lenin in his sleep. Still the line outside the Temple was com- ing. In the Temple silence, except for the sounds of the orchestra, inton- ing the funeral hymn. Silence, while the great man lay there, with the guards of honor, and the red army soldiers on watch. At his side ever Krupskaja and Marie, his sister. At six a, m. the Temple of Labor was closed. The time for laying Len- in in his tomb had come—in the tomb, that had been erected on .the Red Square; where the heroes of the revo- lution lie. Where John Reed is buried where Vorovsky lies. On the Red Square, where he had spoken to mil- lions of workers, outside the Krem- lin, where the czars used to sojourn. At six a.m. sounded the funeral hymn once more—then the funeral march from the Eroica Symphony of Beethoven, followed by Siegfried’s Death. Then with a burst—with the overwhelming power of the proletar- ian hymn—with all the concentrated enthusiasm of the victory of the pro- letarian revolution—sounded . the In- ternational. _ The International that stirs the workers of all lands to the struggle—the International that sig- nalizes not mourning, but victory— the International that strikes fear in- to the hearts of the bourgeois—the In- ternational which unites the phalanx- es of the proletarfat for and in the struggle and leads them to the goal! se 8 They carried Lenin forth to his tomb. On to the Red Square—to the strains of the funeral hymn. The sun had hardly risen. A great mist hung over the city. At the right of the square stands the Kremlin— with the Red flag flying at the top of the building where the central execu- tive committee of the All-Russian Sov- fet meets. Along the square the mass- ive wall by which the czar protected himself from the workers—the “mob.” iL LENIN’S PERSONALITY. FTER I had heard Lenin’s speech for the first time in Geneva, I had the occasion to be in Zurich sev- eral times. My friends with whom I stayed were very ardent Bolsheviks. They knew Lenin personally, they lived with him at times in various places; they simply adored him. Thru these friends I often traveled ih Bolshevistic circles, there I noticed that all of them are penetrated with a fanatic belief in Lenin. Lenin’s name was mentioned with reverence. A similar attitude was not to be noticed even among the most ardent mensheviks to Plechanov. Plechanov was to the mensheviks the only au- thority; his opinion meant everything but of fanatic belief there was not a trace. To tell ‘you the truth, I was some- what shocked by the enthusiasm my new circle had for Lenin. I could not conceive how Marxists could develop such an adoration for a person. I still remember the hot discussion we had the very first evening we met. At that time the new tendencies in the Russian literature the so-called “God seekings” which was then very much in style even among the Rus- sian socialist intelligentsia were wide- ly discussed, especially, have they dwelt on Maxim Gorky’s “Confession” ‘ané- Lunacharski’s “Religion and So- cialism.” The mensheviks did not think much of Lunacharski’s works; especially did Plenchanov severely criticize them declaring them anti- Marxian, because they turned the people into a superstitious cult. And, because Gorky’s “Confession” was written under the influence of Luna- charski he did not spare Gorky either. The works of both Gorky and Luna chariski impressed me very much. Particularly was I impressed by the scene in “Confession,” where a crip- pled girl begins to talk under the hypnosis of the mob which symbolizes the power of the masses. Plenchanov gave a series of lectures in Geneva on the so-called “God seeking” themes; he, as a Marxian proved that Luna: chariski went too far with his “relig- ious spirits” concerning socialism, using Plechanov’s expression; he re gretted that the genial artist Gorky fell under the influence of that spirit. Those lectures with their iron logic weakened the impression their works made on me. In the discussion with my Zurich friends and their acquaintances I shared the opinion of Plechanov,: but here I got my share. Lenin thinks dif- ferently about it, Gorky and Luna- chariski gave ‘expression to Lenin's ideas. This argument was sufficient not to pay any attention to what I had to say. I lost patience. While the discussion took place at a feast of some sort we drank wine and brandy. [ got heated up and called my friends and their acquaintances idolators. Well, I needed no mores Under thick smoke of the cigattes and under the influence of liquor I was labelled 4t the entrance of the square, the shrine where the “faithful” bend the knee to their god and kiss the filthy image of Christ—and at the other end of the famous church with its mani- fold towers silhouetted against the bleak sky. The ‘square is lined with red sol- diers, standing before bonfires, to pro- tect them from the biting cold. All over the scene the heavy mist, made heavier by the smoke from the fires. Outside the Temple, the mass of workers and peasants. In the streets far removed from the square, the lines of the workers from the factories of Moscow, of the peasants who had come many miles from Moscow, of delegations from the farthest corners of the Soviet state. Outside the hun- dreds of thousands waiting to pass across the ‘Red Square, before the tomb, and to lay their wreathes upon it. oe 8 On the platform before the tom) they place Lenin’s body. Then with clear, revolutionary voice a Leningrad worker reads the proclamation of the All-Russian congress. For tho the leader is gone, the Leningrad work- ers are revolutionary, and know that the revolution did not depend on one man—but was the work of the mass- es—and this worker was one of them. Like a trumpet it cuts thru the mist —cuts thru the smoke of the fires, that raise their ruddy tongues thru the mist. Like a crystal it sounds in the mourning hour, while the workers and peasants fill the square. The hundreds of thousands of work- ers and peasants who had stood from before dawn to march across the square, now begin to move. They come marching, with red flags and banners, draped with black. And as each delegation passes the bier, the flag is lowered. For six hours they march across the square. Horses’ manes are frozen; men’s beards are covered with ice—only faces peak out of the fur coats and caps of the pea- sants. Men, women and children alike march across the square, in end- less stream—until the line thins out and the last workers have gone past. Then the red soldiers, guardians of the Soviet state, and of the body of the treasured leader remain. They, too, pass out—leaving behind only the Lenin As I Saw Him - thing Plechanov says. I used the same argument against them but I was alone—and one on the battlefield is not a warrior . The dispute culminated almost ina tragedy. We parted not saying good- bye to one another. I was lucky as it was, because among my opponents there were some hot headed lails, es- pecially one Polish social-democrat whom they had to keep back from us- ing “striking arguments” against my menshevstic, or rather bundistic athe- ism... To be sure, after, when the effects of the “feast” were gone, the dispute was forgotten and a closer friendship between the hot-headed fellows and myself was formed. The following day, in a friendly manner have my friends tried to prove to me why they have so much faith in Lenin. They have told me of the monastic life Lenin leads, of his sim- plicity of manner, of how little he needs to get along, how unassuming he is even with the commonest peo- ple, of the comradely atmosphere he creates around himself—all this was full of touching tenderness. All these stories about Lenin have revealed to me the following detailed characteristics: He looks for a room for his wife and himself in a worker's house. His dwelling usually consiste of a poorly furnished room but it must be exceptionally clean. Lenin just loves cleanliness. Lenin can wear a suit for years and it will always be in good shape. The relation between his proletarian landlords and Lenin are familiar, intimate, and friendly that when he parts they are deeply sorry He very often takes care of the land- lord’s children, is not lazy to go to the maket with a bag in hand to buy things for the house, and does the wife feel out of sorts, he pre pares the dinner for the members of When Lenin Was Buried guard in front of the tomb, into which they have put Lenin’s body—on the square where the revolutionary work- ers have been laid to rest. ** @ At one o’clock, the clock over the gate leading to the Kremlin from the red square plays the International. When Lenin’s body was placed in the tomb, the air resounded with the fun- eral hymn—and then the Internation- al. No longer must Soviet Russia— the workers and peasants of the glori- ous revolution and the masses still struggling in the capitalist countries grieve and mourn. Lenin taught us— as Marx had taught before—that the revolution is the achievement of a class. Lenin pointed the way in this period of the class struggle. He did his work and went his way. The struggle is not ended. The capitalist governments still oppress the work- ers and poor peasants. The oppress- ed peoples of the colonies still toil under the iron boot of imperialism— robbed and pillaged and enslaved. Soviet Russia, first to achieve libera- tion from capitalist tyranny, still has a tremendous task to perform, She must still point the way for the toil- ing masses in the other countries. She must be prepared to help the prole- tariat in their struggles. She must still defend herself from the efforts of international imperialism to de stroy her. The International is the song of revolution, of will to fight, of determination to win. It is the song of victory, of triumph. The Interna- tional—and the red army: two sym- bols, two steel realities, two walls of revolutionary struggle. a For weeks and months, the work- ers and peasants went to the red square to see the body of Lenin in the tomb. Placid, with his hands crossed before him, he lies there, while the myriads of delegations from all parts of the Soviet state go to Moscow to see him once more. Here was a man of the people. Here was a man who led the workers and peasants to their emancipation, Here was a man who never shirked, never wavered, who knew which way the needle pointed and followed its course steadfastly, He was gone—but the revolution goes on—and we must fight! By Schachno Epstein the house. Little ones are in love with Lenin; he likes to play with them and while doing it, he becomes a child himself. He is also very humorous, loves to be merry, and when his is in a happy mood he tells jokes and anecdotes that make everbody laugh. To be on an outing with him is a great pleas- ure, especially when he rides bicycle. He performs all kinds of stunts and the people laugh. He is also a great chess player. He never loses a chess game even to the greatest players. One more thing I learned about him: His most favored writer is Leo Tol- |stoi; his “War and Peace” Lenin knows by heart, especially does he love the peasant Karatayev, the hero of “War and Peace,” a simple son of his nation, who is instinctively a Marxist. . . Not Iong ago'I read about a c¢on- versation between the German writer, Arthur Holitcher and a Zurich shoe- maker with whom Lenin stayed and an article about Lenin's personality by C. N. Semashno, the commissar of people's health of Soviet Russia. Then I began to realize that my friends of Zurich have not exaggerat- ed at all when they told me a few characteristics of Lenin. Whether the details my friends told me of Lenin were all true did not in- terest me so much. I had no reason not to believe them. But the mere facts that such details are told, was sufficient to give me the key to the mystery. It was easy for me to un- derstand why the attitude of Lenin's disciples toward him is so different from the attitude of Plechanov's disciples toward Plechanov. . . During my migrating outside of Rue sia, I had no other occasion to see Lenin; I met him in Russia, however, when his pious followers conisted of millions of workers and peasants, (To be continued) ON THE ROLE OF FORCE By WILLIAM SIMONS, When capitalist governments perse- cute Communists, when they resort to the white terror against the revolu- tionary workers, they do it “to pro serve peace.” They are using force to save capitalist civilization from those who would “use force to destroy existing society.” When the sugar barons of the Unit: ed States wished to grab Cuba, Sepa- tor John M, Thurston made a speech for intervention on the floor of the senate, on March 24, 1898, in which he glorified the use of force. When hypocritical capitalism wraps itself in the skin of a lamb, it should be confronted with Thurston's speech, of which the following is an extract: “We cannot intervene and save Cu- ba without the exercise of force and force means war; war means blood . “Intervention means force. Force means war. War means blood, But it will be God’s force. When has a battle for humanity and liberty ever eho ornate anayynttin, pam “fen sem. seven By. Heeust. deine Gen ast s0eey, phasis.) What barricade of wrong, in- justice and oppression has ever beep carried except by force? “Force compelled the signature ot unwilling royalty to the great Magna Carta; force put life into the declara- tion of independence and made effec tive the emancipation proclamation; force beat with naked hands upon the iron gateway of the Bastille and made reprisal in one awful hour for centur: fes of kingly crime; force made the flag of revolution over Bunker Hill and marked the snows of Valley Forge with blood-stained feet . . 4; saved the union, kept the stars in the’ flag, made ‘niggers’ men. The time for God's force has come again.” The time “for God’s force” always. comes, when finance capital seeks te extend its sway. God's force, says Thurston, is capitalist force; and ft will hear of no other. Bomb Exploded Under Bridge. — SOFIA, Bulgaria, : Jan, 16—An aw tempt to wreck the railroad Slivnitza and derail the xpress