The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 24, 1924, Page 6

Page Six THE DAILY WORKER. Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING 0Q 1118 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Hl. (Phone: Monroe 4712) SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail: 06.00 per year $3.50... % months $2.00....8 months By mall a yer naasarr’ 3 months $8.00 per year $4.50... Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER $118 W. Washington Bivd. J. LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F. DUNNE eomecwd MORITZ J. LOEB.......00remven- Business Manager Chlieago, Iinole ——$$ $$ Entered as second-class mail Sept. 21, 1923, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill, under the act of March 8, 1870. 20 Advertising rates on application The United Front of Labor's Enemies That the last convention of the American Legion glorified the Fascist open shopper, Brigadier Gen- eral Dawes, seemed to be no bar to the welcome extended to James A. Drain, national commander of the Legion, by the 44th annual convention of the American Federation of Labor now meeting at El Paso, Texas. Neither was the fact that the last convention. of the Legion invited Mussolini to attend, any bar to the effusive greeting given Drain by the labor bur- eaucrats at El Paso. Fascism recognizes its own, whether in black shirt or a boiled one. Nor was the fact that the American Legion thruout its existence has shown its anti-labor char- acter by heaping up a mountain of evidence against itself as an organization of strikebreakers, dis- rupters of peaceful labor meetings, and lynchers and terrorizers of union men and union organizers any bar to the A. F. of L. convention giving the floor to the Legion commander. Indeed‘ it seems that this record constitutes a special recommendation for anyone approaching the camp of Gompers. There is Major Berry, for instance, whose claim to strikebreaking is won right in his own union, along with a reputation for taking the treasury for his own uses. These are symbols of the time in the ranks of labor. It would seem that rottenness would stop for lack of something to feed upon. In fact, the percentage of the American working class which is organized in the A. F. of L. is about the minimum. These cannot be driven away from the union by any ordinary corruption of the officials. As long as they “get by” many are content to let the offi- cials “get theirs.” But these workers are due to realize soon or late, probably soon, that the “normal” conditions of the pre-war days are never to return, nor the war and post-war economic boom and civil peace to last forever. Union labor is like a runaway train headed downhill for a washout. Those who went with Harding to keep from wobbling, and with Coolidge to dodge “chaos,” are going to find them- selves, not immediately, perhaps, but soon, wob- bling amid chaos of the worst kind. The Trade Union Educational League, has fre- quently warned the members of the unions against permitting their officials to fraternize with the American Legion which exists largely to fight un- ionism. The resolution of the T. U. E. L. urging the A. F. of L. definitely to condemn the Legion and combat it everywhere, may be ignored by the officials at El Paso, but there comes a time when the rank and file of the unions will know that not mere corruption but class treachery accounts for this fraternizations with the enemy. When that time comes, there will be a new deal and new faces in the leadership of the A. F. of L. Insuring the Daily Worker The campatgn to insure The DAILY WORKER for 1925 is on. Every member of the Workers Party will put his shoulder to the wheel and make this campaign a huge success. Since it was founded The DAILY WORKER has given an excellent account of itself. It has been a tower of strength for the working class movement and a bulwark against the attacks of labor’s enemies. No industrial or political struggle which had an interest for the workers, took place with- out the first Communist daily in the English lan- guage participating actively on the side of the workers. Where strikers were on the picket line, there could be found the DAILY WORKER, inspiring them to greater efforts, seeking support for them, raising funds with which to carry on their fight until victory was secured. On the political field, The DAILY WORKER has led the first Communist election campaign in the United States. It is a two-fisted fighter mak- ing battle on all fronts. It is a powerful national force. It is growing in influence and in circulation. It must continue to grow. The DAILY WORKER has enemies. From the big capitalist to the labor faker, there is a powerful army that would like to see it pass out of exist- ence. Because these enemies know that The DAILY WORKER is out to abolish the system on which they feed and grow fat at the expense of the work- ing class. But The DAILY WORKER has friends, hard working, self-sacrificing friends. We now call on those friends for assistance in insuring the work- ers’ daily for 1925. We have no doubt as to what the result of this campaign will be. It will be a bigger and better DAILY WORKER for 1925. Blood and Cotton tn Egypt Increased military and economic pressure is the answer of British imperialism to the growing Egyptian nationalist movement. The wholesale flogging by British authorities of Egyptian work- ers who demonstrated for national independence and expressed their solidarity with the Sudan na- tionalist movement, was the reason for the attack on General Sir Lee Stack, which resulted in his death, Great Britain now orders the Egyptian govern- ment to withdraw all its troops from the Sudan and announces that it will use the entire water sup- ply of the Nile, if it sees fit, to expand the irriga- tion project of British capitalists at Gezira in Sudan. This is tantamount to serving notice upon the Egyptians that they must either submit or be starved to death. The Nile furnishes the lifeblood of Egypt. Its headwaters are controlled by British bayonets. Here is imperialism in full flower, flourishing on the rotting bodies of the Egyptian workers it has murdered and the ill-nourished bodies of those it proposes in the most cold-blooded manner pos- sible to make into more fertilizer for its cotton fields in Sudan. Red blood makes white cotton. The French imperialists, who have their own schemes in Africa, are indignant over the demands made by Great Britain upon Egypt.. They shed great floods of journalistic tears in their press, enough to water all of Egypt, over the plight of the exploited Egyptians. The clash of imperialistic in- terests is obvious, another evidence that the Dawes plan has strengthened rather than softened the underlying basis of the capitalist contradictions which force the European powers to arm against one another. The aid for the Egyptian masses that. really counts comes from the Communists in France and Great Britain, who are already arousing the work- ers of these countries against the bloody slavery forced upon colonial peoples by the rulers of both nations. Capitalism in France, England and largely in America exists today by virtue of the exploitation of millions of colonial workers. Encouragement and aid in every possible form of the colonial in- dependence movements is therefore one of the major tasks of every labor movement in imperial- ist nations and particularly is it the major task of all Communists Parties. _ Betraying Mexican Workers The spectacle of alleged representatives of Mexican and Santo Domingoan workers, thanking Samuel Gompers, the head of the “labor wing” of American imperialism, for his acts of kindness to the enslaved workers of these nations, is a sight for the gods. It shows that the American ruling class has learned a valuable lesson from the more skilled rulers of Great Britain. Whenever bombs and bayonets fail the British imperialists have always resorted to purchase of leaders of the oppressed who promptly discovered that Anglo-Saxon capitalist democracy had a beneficient aspect they had hitherto failed to notice. Ireland and India are shining examples of the use of this method. Armed conquest of Mexico has proved too costly. The workers and peasants have shown their ability to defend themselves with arms in their hands. Now they are to be cajoled and betrayed by their own leaders, who shake hands with the representa- tives of American imperialism. Unity of the revolutionary workers of both countries is more than ever necessary. The Communist Parties of Mexico and the United States, of Canada and the other Latin American nations also must and will unite against this new plot against the liberties of the Mexican masses which at the same time threatens the masses of every country on the western hemisphere with the dangers of the new and inspired interpretation of the Monroe doctrine made by Matthew Woll at El Paso—that the labor movement of the United States is the safeguard against rival foreign im- perialism, but the promoter of the identity of in- terest between the American imperialists and their subject workers in Latin America. Class collaboration at home has developed logic- ally into smoothing the path for American im- perialism abroad. Treason to the working class can go no farther. One hundred automobiles were needed to carry the delegates at the A. F. of L. convention from El Paso to Fort Bliss last Wednesday, where they were entertained by Major General Howze, who had previously spoken to the labor fakers and told them he had “an efficient army at the Fort.” The entertainment proved it by showing off a “rough riding troop of the 7th cavalry,” and a whole ser- ies of military exhibitions illustrating the methods to be used in shooting the appetites out of A. F. of L. and other strikers. : Mayor Dudley, of FE] Paso, in his address of wel- come to the labor fakers at the A. F. of L. eonven- tion, voiced the expectation of American imperial- ism in the mission of the A. F. of L. in the Pan- American Federation of labor when he said that the people of Mexico “are like children, they need the steadying, guiding hand that will keep them from extremes of all kinds. It is your hand that must guide them.” Calvin Coolidge talked tartly to several lumber barons in Washington. They liked it. Their general business manager was talking. The keynote of his speech was thrift. When he left they applauded vociferously. He smiled—sparingly. Thrifty even with his smiles. THE DAILY WORKER By ANISE. (Speclal to The Daily Worker) OSCOW, Noy. 1. (By Mail).— There have been tiewspaper con- tests for the best factory manager and the’ best teacher and the best sanita- tion. committee, during the past year and a half in the pages of Pravda. Now there is a contest for the best “Reading Hut.” By following these contests you can see just where the center of interest lies in the country’s activities. Just now it is “books to the peasants,” which is the order of the day. The contesting letters come from the mountainous villages of the Cau- casus, from the vineyard districts of the Crimea, from the wheat belt near Kiev and Kharkov, from the industrial regions, from the Volga. Today's newspaper gives an inspiring account of a “Reading Hut” in a small village of the Tartar Republic, with only 900 inhabitants. It illustrates the ferment of life which is going on in the most seattered districts of peasant Russia. “They have given many names to our political-educational organization,” writes the breezy author. “Culture circle, library, people’s house, and finally reading.hut! They have given plenty of names but not any money. In three years we.got from the town- ship just.one hair comb! We are care- fully preserving it as a souvenir, and seed, and put in lots of potatoes. (The reference here it to the division of common fields‘which make it neces- sary for a whole village to move to- gether; and also to the beginning of potatoes in place of exclusive grain culture), By 1924, the condition of the peasants had greatly improved. Our live stock is 40 per cent higher than it was. “Now, all this would have been good, but we were working and the kulak (rich lending peasant), was put- ting the proceeds in his pocket. Against the kulak we began organiz- ing our co-operative. In one little cor- ner of our reading hut we had the office for it. The co-operative caught on, and grew; now we are even or- ganizing a creamery. The Books—How to Get Them? “There was lots of work, but by working we learned to do more work. We worked over the library. Around it were clubs for self-instruction, civics, agriculture, dramatics. We drew in the teachers from the neigh- borhood. Books, alas were few. We took up collections, held entertain- ments, and so we got money to bring in books for self-education on many questions. We made an agreement 1g the government publishing house about credit for books. Now our read- ing hut acts as middleman, without profit, between the government pub- lishing house and all the Communist organizations in the township, getting their educational literature for them. “At the same time the reading hut guides the selection of books and leads in all kinds of agitation. The growth of political knowledge has in- creased the number of Communist youth. We have now 12 members of the League of Communist Youth and seven in the Communist Party. The boys from our village began to lead in the work of the township. One of the boys trained in our reading hut, became president of the township Comsomol, and another is on the edu- cational committee. An. Information Center. “Our reading hut carries on all sorts of information work. The peas- ants come to us for the greatest var- iety of questions. A man and his wife have a fight—see, they think the reading hut will settle their difficulty. A girl is betrayed—she is waiting to whisper to ‘the librarian to find out what organizations will secure redress from the culprit. The peasants sort While the Yellow Press Lies About Vodka Riots we; often raise the question, just how to use it for our political-educational work. This question has not yet been decided by us. “The -war, the revolution, the fam- ine, woke our young people into life. They turned their thoughts to our old, unheated, desolate reading hut. They brought in wood, log by, log. They started the fire and it began to be com- fortable there. Thru the young peo- ple, the reading hut began to be con- nected with the life of the people, with their needs and difficulties. Better Farming and Co-operation. “In the reading hut we considered and discussed and fought over and at last adopted the ‘four-flield system’ of agriculture. There grew among the peasants an interest in agricul- tural literature; the books on these subjects were read to tatters. We made a connection with an agricul- tural expert. In the spring of 1922, we went to the field, with the young folks ahead, and divided our earth in the four field manner, sorted out the | MUSIC. Sy ALFRED V. FRANKENSTEIN. “The Pearl Fishers,” Georges Bizet’s other opera, was presented by the Chicago Civic “Opera company last Tuesday evening. “Pearl Fishers” is as different, both in subject and treat- ment, from the composer’s famous “Carmen” that it sounds like the work of a different man. So far as setting is concerned the plot is rather unusual. The action takes place on the island of Ceylon. Zurga, chief of a tribe of Cinghalese, and his friend, Nadir, are both in love with Lelia, a priestess of Brahma. Nadir and Lelia are discovered by a priest making love in the temple. They are condemned to be burned to- gether, but Zurga saves them. He sets fire to the villages, causing the chorus ‘to rush away and so Nadir and Lelia escape. The chorus comes back and forces the chief to take the place of his friend on the funeral pyre. Bizet made a fine musical setting to the story. Where “Carmen” is a series of brilliant but rather discon nected pieces, “Pearl Fishers” is + continuous whole. While the melody is not particularly gripping, not nearly so tuneful and florid as that of “Car men,” it fits the dramatic situations “ Monday, November 24, 1924 over their.oats—and bring the best to | the reading hut to brag about. A lector, To whom make complaint Why, to the reading hut. When wih the civil war. end in China? What are the British trade unions doing? Work out, please, be. makes answer. or 12 at night. “Our librarian got no wages at all the first year, four roubles and a half per month the second year, and nine roubles the third year. Now he is getting 17 roubles ($8.50) a month. He is a former red soldier, who took a four months’ course in the Red-Army on out-of-school activities. The agri cultural teacher helps him. In spite of difficulties, the work grows, It kept on growing, tho lack of means hindered its expansion. There are few books in the library. The room is small. In the winter you have to throw people out to let in the ones who are standing in line and wait ing. Wall Newspaper and Exhibition. “In summer we move the work out of doors. We fenced in and cleaned an old park that belonged to the for- mer lord. We made there a people’s promenade. Our circles work well in summer; they get out a wall news- paper calléd the ‘Awakener.’ The paper is hung up in the park on its own standard. There is always a crowd around. The ones who can read, read aloud to the illiterate. Here in this park we carried on the agitation for the peasant’s loan, Of other newspapers we get one copy of Pravda, one of the Red Tartar, one of the Voice of the Young Communist, and three of the New Village, “Our reading hut has held two ag: ricultural exhibitions, which gave fur- ther results in propaganda for the four-field system. “Here is our summary of work from 1922 to 1924. We have altogether 1,064 books, but we gave out to read: ers 10,667. This means that every book was read on an average ten times. We had two motion picture meetings, 89 reading lectures, 107 eve- nings of recitations, 44 theatrical per formances, 2 excursions, 4 open air celebrations, 23 political study circles, 75 general meetings, and 2 exhibitions. Its work ends at 11 The workers and peasants of Russia are building new libraries, reading huts,| We have had an attendance of 16,586 ete. This is a village reading hut. ART COLLECTIONS 10 BE MOVED TO MOSCOW; WORKING CLASS CENTER (Special to The Daily Worker) MOSCOW, Nov. 23.—One hundred and forty-one paintings by Rem- brandt, Rubens and Van Dyke, e being moved from the Hermitage mu- seum of Leningrad, the finest art gallery in the world, to Moscow, The reason for this action, the So- viets declare, is that Moscow, not Leningrad, is the center of the working class of Ru All of the Hermitage museums bil- lion dollars’ worth of paintings will eventually be housed in Moscow, it is said. Besides this, 15,000 china pieces formerly belonging to the ezars, from Peter the Great down, and the Pushkin and other galleries are to be kept here. This action is consistent with the policy of the Soviet government in regard to works of art. Art ex- hibits are placed, not in galleries far from the factory section, but in the very heart of the working cen- ter of the cities. Many of them are placed at street corners, protected only by an ordinary showcase. very well. If reminds one much 0! the popular suite of Bizet known as “L’Arlesienne.” . The best music of the whole is in the first act, which centers around a peculiarly affecting concert platforms under the title “In the Depths of the Temple.” There ir a lot of ineffective storm music in the second and third acts, Bizet tries tc get the effect of a storm by giving us the whole works in the way of power cymbals, drums, and so on, but does not get half the effect of storm that Wagner cvuld out of a string orches- tra. There are only three principal parts, Zurga, Nadir and Leila. Gia- como Rimini as Zurga, in addition to a high baritone voice of fine quality, is one of the best actors of the com pany. Charles Hackett's Nadir was impressive so far as costume and per sonal appearance go. Hackett pos sesses an unusually powerful an¢ pleasing tenor voice, for which we arc to give thanks, for in previous season: the tenors of the Civic Opera on the whole have not been so good. Th« voice of Graziella Pareto, who played the priestess, is not so big as it migh! be. But she knows how to handle it Tho the work was not brilliantly staged, the scenery was adequate. Th: mes were not at all true to type The chorus and pricipals were attired something like Arabians. In’ Ceylor they don't dress as they do in Arabia But if the company were to costum: the chorus in true Cinghalese fashior Mr. Morgan Collins might not allow the performance to go on, duet for Zurga and Nadir given on|- All of the art treasurers of czar- ist Russia h: been preserved in- tact, and have been added to as fast as possible. Sign Up Denver Bakeries. DENVER. The Maiden viectric bakery, operating in the Denver public market, has signed an agreement with Bakers’ Local 26 for the first time. from a population of 900!” THE GREAT ALLIANCE BETWEEN WORKERS AND PEASANTS Editor’s Note“Bvery day until publication has been completed, the DAILY WORKER will publish a new chapter from the book, “Len- in: The Great Strategist of the Class War,” by A. Losovsky, secre- tary of the Red International of Labor Unions. The tenth chapter is entitled, “The Great Alliance Be- tween Workers ‘and Peasants.” eee ENIN’S sense for reality has man- ifested itself also in the fact that long before the revolution he was able to estimate correctly the significance of the peasantry. Most of the Marx- ians had a very poor conception of the role of the peasants in the ap- proaching revolution. From the fact that agriculture: was subservient to city industry and that small-scale production was gradually disappear- ing, many Marxians drew the conclu- sion that the peasants will not play in the revolution any active part at all or else will-play a reactionary part. As far back as 1905, Lenin already peresived the insufficiency of the ag- rarian program of the Social-Demo cratic Party. Immediately upon the} beginning of the wide revolutionary movement among the peasants. in 1905, he formulated the demand for the nationalization of the land. Len in's slogan at that time was: “The dictatorship of the proletariat and the}. peasantry.” He saw the necessity an alliance of these two. cla: large landowners. As the February revolution was developing, making clear the extent of the change that was to come, and as he realized that Rus- sia would not satisfy itself with a bourgeois democracy, he commenced propounding in a practical fashion the problem of the dictatorship of the proletariat in the Russian Soviet State. * As an expert in the agrarian prob- lems, and as one well versed in ‘the applied phases of political economy, Lenin had been well aware of the fact that the peasantry cannot play any independent role. But for this very reason, he said, it is our duty to win the peasantry over to the side of the proletariat. He had been writing and saying: “The peasantry will support either the bourgeoisie or the prole- tariat. The peasantry stands to gain from the proletariat much more thap from the bourgeoisie. Particularly if we pursue such a policy as to dis- abuse the peasantry of its prejudices against the dictatorship of the prole. tariat.” Hence his slogan: “An al- liance between the proletariat and the peasantry,” and the policy of winhing the masses of the vil- Jages for the support of the political and économie policies of the workigg class. se © Tomorrow — “Learning from ee N * supserlog" for “Your Daily.” Order -t semap¥p, the ROUSE for thel the DAILY WORKER. a Prepared by JAY LOVESTONE THE CONDITION OF AMERICAN pakiOULT Uke? Current vatue of ail capital invested, Net income’ on total cv: sital........ Rate earned on net cu, ital investment by farmers ..... Net cash income available fo living able for living expenses, ets... 29,9 be - Net reward per year of farm operator for management and labor, inclusive of family labor... Total farm debt, mortgages, eto... 13,400,000,000 Interest paid on total farm debt.........0006 Rate of interest farmer paid on mort- ete. 6.7 Per pirat for the cities in 1922. Twenty-three per cent American farmers in 15 wheat and corn elewing states were. reported to be virtus bankrupt on Jan, 1, 1924, by department of agriculture. — Poet ir property is much higher than that of the owners. at Based on Crops and Markets August, $9 and The eine’ Year Book, 1923—published by the U j The percentage of tenants who lost t! States Department of ce ec 4 "92,000,000 ~~) 6.8 Per cont. . ~ DIFFERENCE 4 1919-20 ss 1923-24 Amount 4,984,000,000. --14869,000,000-8,081,0 ita Per cent 14 Percent: 44 Per cent 4,727, 000,000 11370,000,000 —2,848,000,000 baal iss 14,000,000,000 bedh ssi in population from farms to towns in 1922 was 1,200,000, pe about, 2,000,000 left ie : ) The Best Rea ding Hut in Russia) kulak cheats a poor fellow, or hides | his -grain .return from the tax | what my taxes should | To all these the reading hut |