The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 24, 1924, Page 3

a _ 1118 Washington } f Friday, Octofr 24, 1924 WOBBIES VOTE FOR ONE WAR ONCAPITALISH Hostil; to United Front withWorkers Party A @mmunication of the Workes Party, requesting the I. W. W. convention now’ con- venedat Emmet Memoria! Hall, to elwt a committee to meet with a Workers Party commit- by: in a common fight against apialist anti-labor laws, was refeited by the |, W. W. conven- tlon yesterday. The letter, signed by C. E. Ruthenberg and William Z. Fos- ter, suggests a basis for discus- sion of - anti-syndicalist laws, and outlines plans for a nation- wide protest against imprison- ment of members of the work- ing class. Keep Letter for Reference. The I. W. W. convention filed the Workers Party communication after a brief discussion. A motion was made by Albert Nel- son, delegate from Industrial Union No. 310, that the letter be sent back. This was amended by Fred Mann, who moved that the letter be filed for future reference. Mann declared it would be an insult to the Workers Party to send the letter back. Delegate S. J. Cole, of I. U. 110, thought the motion should be brought up upder new business, but the letter was finally filed. Wants Nothing Revolutionary. Claude Erwin, the leading pacifist (in attacking the capitalist class) at- tacked instead the Workers -Party, saying the he “had heard” members of eth I. W. W. who criticized the Workers Party in California. These I. W.-W. had, so he “had heard,” eVen made charges. against the party members. But he brought no proof, either of the charges or of these “I. W. W. members” who had “been heard” to make them. Erwin is the delegate who has filed charges against several officers for advocating Tevolutionary principles. Demand Release of Prisoners. A telegram was sent by the convén- tion yesterday to Governor Hart of Washington, demanding that he im- _ Mediately pardon or grant a new trial to the class war prisoners now in- carcerated in Walla Walla prison, on the grounds that they were illegally convicted in the Centralia case. A communication from the Civil Liberties Union, signed by Roger Baldwin was read, stating that $500.00 would be loaned to the I. W. W. de- tense fund for bail purposes. Several communications were re- ceived from various branches of the I. W. W. stating their position on the factional controversy now going onin their ranks. The minutes of the Chi- cago branch of Industrial Union 110 were read, recognizing the present convention as official and empower- ing the delegates to. deal with all questions. The guilty persons in the controversy were ordered to be ex- pelled without compromise or white- wash. Get Vote of Confidence. Industrial Union 120, Duluth branch, has gone on record giving the conven- tion a vote of conftdence. _ The expulson of Fred Bowerman and M. Raddock by I. U. 440 conven- tion came on the floor of the conven- tion, but was referred back to the industrial union, on the ground that no appeal has been made by these expelled members. Four members of the I. W. W., Wal- ter Smith, Charles LaRue, Thomas Sanger and Pete Beasley, were or- " dered expelled from the I. W. W. if they did not make good their bail which they jumped in California, with- PRI “The American Boom Is at an End...” Says Prof. E. Varga in his “The De- ‘cline of Capitalism,” a pamphlet just received from Hurope. Also; “Will not the militaristic-imperialist policy of Poincare gain the upper hand, which fact would lead to a new ca- tastrophe of the mark, since the Rentenmark, an artificial creation, would by no means be able to with- stand such a blow?” A most timely From the 4th to the 5th World Congress. Report of the Executive Committee of the comin, International, cov- ering 45 different sections, including U. S., Canada, , Argentine, etc. ~ At briefly summarizes tho activities of Executive Committee and its va- sections. The United Front, 4 etc, In lots of ten or more 15 cents, Order while the supply lasts. ‘Literature Department WORKERS PARTY OF AMERICA, vdy Chicago, Il. Unity and Revolutionary Principle in the I. W. W. (A Statement by the Red Inter Two questions are of paramount tion. strengthening of revolutionary princip national Affiliation Committee.) importance for the I. W. W. conven- First, the unity of the organization and, second, the clarification and les. The chief enemies of unity are those reactionary elements who have resorted to the injunction or the capitalist courts and who, even today, are attempting to resist and defy the décisions of the convention delegates, Every militant, class conscious and ¢————————___________—_— honest worker in the I, W. W. should see these elements in their true light and fight them to the end, “But not alone from the right wing of the I, W. W. does there come the menace of disunity. Some of the class conscious elements are showing signs of pessimism and impatience which might easily lead them into a false path., Some of these rebels who be- lieve in revolutionary industrial un- fonism and have labored with an in- cessant zal to realize revolutionary unionism by means of the I. W. W., are saying: “If this convention does not take a revolutiohary stand, I’m thru, and there are thousands like mee Such an attitude is a mistake, a mistake made worse by the fact that it is made with all the conviction of sincerely revolutionary workers. It a mistake fought against by the ad- herents of the Red Internationa: and the Communists in ten thousand un- ions all over the world. It is the great error pointed. out by Lenin in his book “The Infantile Sickness of Left Communism.” Reactionary policies in labor organ- ization are not a new phenomenon. And leaving the organizations is not the way to overcome them. The class conscious workers must fight for unity and for revolutionary principles at the same time. The Red International supports the revolutionists in the I, W. W. just as in other unions. But in order to make the fight successful it is necessary | for all the class conscious and revolu- tionary elements to come forward} with a program and to define their aims. The sooner this is done, the sooner will pessimism and confusion be overcome and the fight to revolu- tionize the I. W. W. take real shape. The adherents of the Red Interna- tional have a clear idea of what con- stitutes a revolutionary stand and of what the convention should do in or- der to adopt such a stand. Our views can be summed up in a number of definite points, as follows: 1. Unequivocal repudiation of the injunction. 2. Definite declaration that the “historic mission of the working class to do away with capitalism” medns simply that the I. W. W. recognizes the fact that historical forces within capitalism, compel the whole work- ing class to struggle against and final- ly to overthrow the rule of the capi- talist class in both industry and gov- ernment, and to establish a dictator- ship of the proletariat for a period of time, during which ignorant and capi- talist resistance is wiped out, and cultural and mechanical bases estab- lished for Communism. 8. That in the struggle between classes, power, and not any abstrac- tions such as “justice” or “right,” plays the decisive role. 4, That a distinction must be made between ‘the revolutionary Communist Party and the political parties of the capitalists and of the reformist par- liamentary socialists. 5. That democratic centralism and not federalism should unite the indus- trial unions of the I. W. W. 6. That the I. W. W. press of gen- eral circulation shall be open to any and all members upon matters of poli- cy. That no person or officer shall have power to deny publication, and that when a responsible committee, which should be given the decision on all questionable cases, refuses pub- lication, it shall furnish the contribu- tor a statement of the reasons of re- fusal and publish such statement in the same publication to which the ar- ticle was sent. 7. That a discussion be opened in the I. W. W. press of general circula- tion upon the question of internation- al affiliation. Some of these proposals are similar to or synonomous with the revolu- tlonary aspirations of the rebel left wing in the I. W. W. The Communists in the I. W. W. will fight together with them for these proposals. But thé Red Internationalists will not sup- port any movement on the part of the revolutionary members of the I. W. W. to split away and form a sect, a “pure” revolutionary union. There is no method of running away from the working class. The prac- tice of the I. W. W. drawing out little handfuls of revolutionaries from other established unions to make an “indus- trial union” or a “one big union” of insignificant membership, is wrong be- ped. Just so, must any split from the left wing in the I. W. W. be resolute- ly opposed. The great goal to keep before us is the complete unity of the American labor unions on a basis of revolutionary struggle.” To attain that goal, the revolutionist must ac- cept the working class, backward as it is, just as it is, and work patiently and in an organized way to bring it to revolution, For Unity and Revolution, Red International Affiliation Committee. in thirty days of notification of the action of the convention. The convention has ordered that all court action by ‘any I. W. W. mem- ber be discontinued. The injunction case comes up in Fred Bernstein's of- fice this morning. Seek Dismissal of Injunction. The other important action of \the day was the passage by the conven- tion of a motion that its appointed temporary generals officers, as the highest authority of the I. W. W., should appear before the court where the injunction is awaiting hearing to- day, and ask the judge to dismiss it. It is significant that two Jumber workers, Dan Murray and Frank Grad, voted against asking the court to dismiss the injunction. This pos- sibly portends a further falling away of these delegates, but leaves a min- orjty of the Lumber Workers’ In- dustrial Unon still standing solid with the entire delegate body from all the other unions. In Court Again Friday. Charles Grey, reporting for the tem- porary administration committee, said that James Rowan’s attorney had phoned him that Rowan has decided to go thru with the injunction pro- ceedings on Friday before Master-in- Chancery Fred Bernstein. Grey declared that Rowan has been charging that Doyle is still signing checks for the organization, when as a matter of fact Doyle has signed no checks since last Friday. An auditing committee of six was elected to audit all books of the gen- eral administration which can be ob- tained, including those of the Rowan faction, i Hereafter secretary-treasurers of the small industrial unions will be elected by the membership instead of being appointed by the general ex.| This Is Joe Hirt JOE HIRT. HIS Is Joe Hirt, champion DAILY VOPKES sslesman of Metrol. Dering the recent eonvention of she @asonnal Croatian Be-efit Socie\ tere Jee sid over "25 cop’ « of the BAKY VeORKER to the delegates wna their frends, Commde Hew Me at teast 40 DAILY WORKERS every dey, and in add’tion J sposes of 28 copies of each 'ssue of Radnik. He Is 12 years old and an active memler of the Young Workers ecutive board, following the passage of a resolution to that effect by the convention. League. You're Hired! Until Nov. 7. RUTHENBERG WILL SPEAK AT MONSTER RALLY IN CLEVELAND ON PUBLIC SQUARE SATURDAY CLEVELAND, 0,, Oct. 23.—C., E. Ruthenberg, national secretary of the Workers Party, will be the principal speaker at the Public Square on Saturday afternoon, Oct. 25, at 3 o'clock, Every party member of Ci stration. » members who will be there, jand must be present at this demon- By your presence you must enenutage and wopedrs the non- ‘The campaign committee of Local Cleveland has decided to make an effort to gauge the effect of our work in this campaign. We call upon all those who stand for the establishment of a Workers’ and Farmers’ a ren co" * SS _ this city afternoon at 3 o'clock, i ‘ lish Premier Ramsay, representing Ox- cause ineffective, and must be stop-| THE DAILY WORKER SILENT GALVIN | BREAKS SILENCE, TOUTS BUSINESS Would Not C hange “Cap” System for World (Special to the Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Oct. 23.—President Coolidge broke his long silence today by delivering a speech in praise of the rule of the business clements be- fore a delegation of several hundred New York business men, who are sup- porting the republican party in this election. Coolidge made it quite clear that he was absolutely opposed to any change from a system which was with many faults satisfactory to the ruling class. “You: gentlemen who’ have come here in behalf of business come to speak for an interest that far sur- passes any other in the American community. A Business Government. “This is a business country pre- eminent in all kinds of business—in- dustrial and agricultural and it wants a business government!” After listening to the Coolidge speech one is not surprised that the |- big capitalists should be behind him. He is for the capitalist system with- out any reservation and has not even the initiative to suggest improvements in the structure of capitalist govern- ment, that might make it even a bet- ter capitalist instrument of coercion than it is. He is opposed to any kind of a change. He fears change. Coolidge did not reply to the at- tacks made on him or on his admin. istration by the opposition. He never mentioned the Teapot Dome, or any of the scandals that made his govern- ment stench in the nostrils of the people. MacDonald’s Son Takes Part in Debate on Booze KANSAS CITY, Mo., Oct. 23.—M. J. MacDonald, son of the retired Brit- ford university took part in\a debate here hetween the Westminster Col- lege of Filton, Missouri debating team and an Oxford team. The subject for debate was “Re- solved that we are opposed to prohibi- tin.” Westminster took the affirma- tive and Oxford the negative. Westminster debaters argued booze was poison and caused poverty, mis- ery, crime, lunacy end death. Oxforl replied prohibition did not prohibit that all Kinds of booze was bein; smuggled in from Canada and else where. The only argument worth while in the entire debate was one given by one of the Oxford debaters when he showed poverty was a product of the social system and not caused hy LOWER EAST SIDE IS SCENE OF LAST RED NIGHT IN NEW YORK (Special to the Daily Worker) NEW YORK, Oct. 23.—The final “Red Night” in New York City ranged by the Workers Party has been arranged in the lower East Side, the 12th Congressional dis- trict, on Saturday night, October 25th. On this night the “Red Forces” will attack the lower East Side, the stronghold of the Social- ists and will hold at least fifteen meetings thruout the district with a grand windup at Rutgers Square. ‘The comrades are making all the necessary arrangements to have this “Red Nigfht” in the old Social- ist stronghold one long to be re- membered by the workers in this section. The meetings on this night will be held on the following corners: Rutgers, corner Madison street. Henry, corner Clinton str Chrystie, corner Grand s' ‘Division, corner Clinton stri Norfolk and rivington street. Norfolk and Grand street. Clinton and East Broadway. Jefferson and aMdison street. The final rally will be held on Rutgers Square at 10:30 p. m. The main speakers at this final windup at Rutbers’ Square will be, Harry M. Winitsky, candidate for Confress; Moissaye J, Olgin, candi- date for Senate; Boris Liphshitz, candidate for Fourth assembly dis- tri Dr. Abraham Caspe, candi- date in the Secon assembly district; Rose Pastor Stokes, Ludwig Lore, Juliet Stuart Poyntz, Rebecca , Grecht, William Weinstone, Fannie Warshafsky, Alexander Trachten- berg, Schacne Epstein and many others in English and Jewish. In addition to these meetings of the Workers Party the workers of the Amalgamated Clothing Work- ‘ers Wnion, the Cloakmakers and the Furriers will also h meetings with their own speakers for the Workers Party candidates, It Is expected that at least 35,000 will be reached by this Red and tons of literature will be distributed thruout the East Remembedr the “Red Night” on the East Side, Saturday, Oct. 25, Three Generators of More Power HE DAILY WORKER Bricklayers’ Union is functioning—gloriously. Soon we will publish a summary of the concrete accomplishments of the members in the campaign to “Bulld the DAILY WORKER.” For the benefit and pleasure of the participants and all our readers we will announce the splendid work of this live section of the Labor movement that has been the dynamic factor in boosting the circilation of the DAILY WORKER to a new high mark, Today our limited force is swamped in recording, placing subserip- tions, keeping the campaign moving smoothly to insure even greater success. But in the midst of the subscription drive we do not wish to overlook other factors that contribute in full measure to the POWER driving the DAILY WORKER, ri, Ve eee 1—REGULAR BUNDLE ORDERS, | Begin with a small bundle and you will find how easy it is to dispose of it in your shop, your union meeting or thru the news dealer om your corner, This is positive in- surance of success in building the DAILY WORKER to more impressive fighting size. And it is bound to get subs! The Special Bundle Orders. Try it for certain good occasions. Or try it to work up regular orders, But—try it. Especially on the SPECIAL ISSUE ON NOVENBER 1—an issue of 8 pages (at the reguiar bune;» rates) full of features\on the 7th anniversary of the First Workers Government. 38—ANOTHER SPECIAL ISSUE ON NOVEMBER 6—that will be an anniversary number complimentary to tie other and including special articles of great interest, rN * 2 There they are—three generators of more POWER for the DAILY WORKER—more drive behind the Labor movement. If you want these two November specialsk—RUSH IN YOUR ORDER. The D. W. B. U. And here are the swelling ranks of the advand: guard of the Labor movement. Here are the locals and individuals with accomplishments for Labor to their record, having sent in NEW subscriptions on Mon- day, Tuesday and Wednesday of this week: ‘ ‘ ‘ Grand Total Oct. 4-22 LOCAL NEW YORK—Bus. Agt. L. E. Katterfeld (332). . 517 J. Eisner; H. Ferber, Brooklyn; K. Kaulinis (2), Brooklyn Eteenpain Co-op. Society; E. Elckwald; Jimmy Higgins Kook Shop; Kling (2), Engl Bronx No, 1; Rosenthal, Jewish No. 2; D. Wolfe; 0. A. Krampetz (1), Yonkers; Mershov (1), Wil- liamsburg; A. Moller, Jamaica South. LOCAL CHICAGO—Bus. Agt. John Heinrichson (2)... J. Markunas, Heinz Schroeter, Mrs. E. A. Wa LOCAL WORCESTER—Bus. Agt. Michael Ziep David Johansson, Eteenpain Co-op. Society (9). LOCAL HANNA, WYO.—Bus. Agt. Fred Williams. LOCAL DETROIT—Bus. Agt. Edgar Owens John bi Pesch. LOCAL MINNEAPOLIS—Bus. Agt, Walter Frank... P. G. Hedlund. LOCAL CLEVELAND—Bus. Agt. J. Hamilton... Philip Bartell, A. Malmar, J. Mazeika. LOCAL SUPERIOR—Bus. Agt. Helen Heinonen. Hugh McDonald, Tyomies Society (5). LOCAL PHILADELPHIA—Bus. Agt. John Lyman..... John Enegren. *LOCAL GARY—Bus. Agt. John Rusak (1)... LOCAL MILWAUKEE—Bus. Agt. J. C. Gibson. B. Peskin. LOCAL TOLEDO—Bus. Agt. A. W. Harvitt (1). LOCAL BALTIMORE—Bus. Agt. S. Cohan. LOCAL WEST CONCORD, N H.—Bus. Agt. LOCAL FINDLAY, MASS.—Bus. Agt. Elsie Pultu LOCAL KANSAS CITY—Bus. Agt. Sorenson... LOCAL DILLONVALE, 0.—Bus. Agt. Joe Kobylak, J LOCAL PORTLAND, ORE.—Bus. Agt. ©. Gibbons. LOCAL VANCOUVER, B. C.—Bus. Agt. Al T. Padgh LOCAL ST. LOUIS—Bus. Agt. H. Stoltz... Kas. Gould, Carl Mink, C. Terzi. MEMBERS AT LARGE: LOS ANGELES, CAL.—Anna Cornblath. \ PASADENA, CAL.—Dr. Allen. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.—Jas. H. Dolsen. *, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.—E. Gustafson. DENVER, COLO.—Chas. Godfrey. WASHINGTON, D. C.—S. R. Pearlman. WASHINGTON, D. C.—J. Powell. WEST FRANKFORT, ILL.—V. Malkovich. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.—James Rose. NEWARK, 'N. J.—J. Friedman, LIMA, O.—J. S. Nuebright. BURGETTSTOWN, PA—Bob Pozaie. McDONALD, PA.—Tofil Sowirzal. NANTICOKE, PA.—J. Byinnas (2). NEW BRIGHTON, PA—John Tomasi. SPRINGDALE, PA.—H. W. Bonin. VALLEY FALLS, R. I.—E. W. Theinart. 26 2¢ 24 2 11 10 oo @NNNNFS FOG MT. VERNON, WASH.—Jofin W. Weppler (2). They get em in pairs in this state! TACOMA. WASH.—Frank R. Baron (2). / WINLOCK, WASH.—Auen Palola (2). * Spolansky Going Color Blind; Overlooks Russian of Deepest Red. Maybe Spolansky is getting old. Or maybe it will come in later articles. But whatever the reason, he has not as yet uncovered in his syndicated “Red Exposures” a deep hued “Red”—a genuine Russian Red. The POWER COLUMN credit in presenting the -scoop fully documented by photographic proof of the original letter received in this office day before yesterday which reads word for word as follows: Seattie, Wash., Oct. 17. Dear Comrades: Your letter, “bricks’ sub blanks re- ceived. As agent and member of the W. P. of A. | have tried and am trying to get new subscribers for the DAILY WORKER and the WORKERS MONTHLY. So far | succeeded in getting 4 subscribers for the WORK- ERS MONTHLY only. It’s very little comparatively with my desires but | hope that I'll be able to get more new subscribers in the near future. Your letter states that as agent | am entitled to 20 per cent discount. | wish to st that I’m sending over the full amount of the subscription rat ind would like better to receive the WORKERS MONTHLY. | say again I'll try my best in the future. P, BELSKY, Russian Br, W. P, P. S.—Enclosed find check for $7.25 and sub blanks with names and addresses. All of which proves our contention. We have without question un- covered a man who has proven by his ACTIONS his our present democratic (or is it republican?) a Communist Soviet form of society. But there is more evidence. additional sheet included and dated October 18 reads: | had to stop and couldn't mail my letter last night. Today 1 got one more subscription, My check now is of $9.25. Which changes matters entirely. For here is POWER for the DAILY WORKER which builds and makes stronger YOUR paper. For Your Special Notice. The WORKERS MONTHLY is part and parcel of the same organ- ization working for the DAILY WORKER. Bulld both and you are adding another sfrong arm to a two-fisted, fighting unit for the promo- tion of Labor's best interests. The WORKERS MONTHLY monthly summary of the ‘cream of the theoret! workers’ lives and the jor movement—a concentrated DAILY WORK- ER with heaps of photographs and the work of Labor's best artists. A subscription “brick”. for the WORKERS MONTHLY ie @ “brick” to “Bulld the DAILY WORKER.” HEAVE IT BACK! aie Fraternally yours, An ete es NR pom Page Three TRUTH SOUNDS DIFFERENT FROM KEPT PRESS LIES True and False About Soviet Russia By M. A. SKROMNY. Every time new prospects for recognition of the Soviet gov- ernment appear, a howl goes up in the lying capitalist press the world over. A few days ago it was an- jnounced that the French gov- jernment was getting ready to |recognize the Soviets. The same jday appeared “special cables” about riots, strikes and famine in Russia, Tribune Beats Them All. The murderous press is telling about the bolsheviks shooting down the peasants or peasants killing bol- sheviks. The arch enemy of the workers’ re- public, the Chicago Tribune has out- done many of its competitors in print- ing the biggest and most ridiculous lies about Russia. At the beginning of the revolution we read in this paper that thé bolshe- viks were preparing to proclaim the Prince Alexis Czar of Russia. Tha next day we read about them being in the pay of Germany's late kaiser, Today we read in the same sheet | what purports to be a quotation front j the Odessa Izvestia: | “Our Red Army last spring filled tha mouths of 18,000 peasants and work- ers in the Kharkov district with earth | because they killed the local commis- cariate and robbed the grain houses ; At the same time, The Seaman, of- ficial organ of the Seamen’s Union of that district (published in Odessa), reports that the grain for the aid of [the stricken districts was collected q WEEK ahead of the schedule! he the Moscow Izvestia of October 5, 1924 (the last one to reach us), Com- rade Rykov, chairman of the People’s Commh'sars, and chairman of the spe- cial committee to combat the results of the bad harvest, publicly thanks all workers and peasants who were con- nected with the collection, transporta- tion and distribution of the grain for sowing purposes in the stricken dis- tricts, for the prompt and vigorous aid. “Within a month it was necessary to collect and transport over 9,000,000 poods of grain for sowing,” says Com- rado Rykov. “With unparalleled energy and swiftness the peasant committees pre- pared the grain, the railroad and water transport workers took ap their task and about a week ahead of the sched- ule the work was finished. Grain Delivered on Time, “T traveled all over the affected dis- ¥ricts and convinced myself that the gxain for sowing was delivered in time. The peasants see in that a great-aid from their Soviet govern- ment. They have more self-confid- ence. ‘This timely delivery of the grain will not only save the sowing area but wil increase it in compari- son with last year.” In the report to the All-Russian Cen- tral Control Committee (Izvestia, Oct. 4, 1924), Comrade Kujbyshev touching upon the harvest states: “The general figures of the harvest are 2,642 million poods against 2,759 million poods of last year. To this figure we have to add 162 million poods left over from former years, Thus we will have 2,804 million poods, “The needs of the rural population are 2,286 milion poods and of the cities—314 mifiion, a total of 2,600 million poods. Thus we have a sur- plus of 204 million poods.” Does that look like a terrible fam- ine with food riots and killings by wholesale! 1 These official figures given to gov- ernment institutions of Soviet Russia for their guidance are also available to the brass check correspondents of the prostituted press. But they don't wait for authentic facts. What they want is stories about rebels buried Alive, dogs feasting on bodies of the executed, disorders and riots, or bomb plots of the stool pigeon Daily News kind, © And it is not only the enemy press *|in the English language that is con. ducting this poison gas barrage against Russia, but also the so-called friendly press in the foreign lan- guages. Forward Still Busy. The most notorious of the yellow sheets, the’ Jewish Daily Forward, is competing with the Tribune, and the local white guard Russian sheet is re- printing the Mies of both and adding “home made” stuff to it. Thus the Russian sheet had a few days ago an | editorial bemoaning the “requisitions” of grain from the peasants, conducted according to the Tribune by the bok sheviki, And this dirty sheet is re ceiving the Moscow Izvestia and tag the facts in its possession! Subscribe for “Your Daily,’* the DAILY WORKER, It's your paper—-Oumi ity