The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 4, 1924, Page 6

es |e Page Six THE DAILY WORKER THE DAILY WORKER. | What Do You Mean, Wheeler? Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. (Phone: Monroe 4712) SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali: $3.50....6 months 32.003 months By mall (in Chicago only): $4.50....6 months $2.50....3 montus $6.00 per year $8.00 per year Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER i 1118 W. Washington Bivd. Chicago, Hlinole J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F. DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB... | anueenretennnnerEAttOrS | ... Business Manager Entered as second-class mail Sept. 21, 1928 at the Post- Office at Chicago, Ill., under the act of March 3, 1879. > Advertising rates on application. “Open Shop” Campaign in the. Schools Teachers in the public schools of Chicago re- turned to work yesterday. At the same moment they were made to realize that a real “boss” has been put in charge of them, in the person of Super- intendent William A. McAndrew, who let it be known in the public press that the teachers are a poor lot of incompetents who do not earn the tremendous salaries paid them by the philanthropic capitalists of the city. It must have been un- couraging to the teachers to begin a year’s work with such greetings from the man placed in power above them—at least if capitalistic ideas of man- agement of industries, which means slave-driving, holds good in the schools also. Especially are the teachers’ councils anathema to this factory foreman, who has been transformed into head of the educational system of the second largest city in America. To him the schools are a “business” institution to be run on exactly the same lines of Henry Ford’s business, or the busi- ness of Judge Gary. Organization of the teachers to protect their interests and promote their work, is branded by this educational “open shopper” as organized disloyalty. Thus does the operation of the capitalist system disillusion continually wider sections of the middle classes, as well as the workers. Especially are the intellectual workers coming to find that the capi- talist system places continually more limitations, humiliations, and obstructions to all really crea- tive intellectual work. When they see the most promising development in the educational field, the teachers’ councils, so viciously assailed, the teachers—if they have any self-respect and pride in their work, not to speak of any class feeling— will cling to and fight for the retention and deve- lopment of these councils with redoubled energy. An Anarchist Joins Wall Street Clarence Darrow, much in the public eye as the defender of young millionaire slayers, has long been known for his professions of philosophical anarchism. His philosophy, which includes the view that life is not worth living, has never pre- vented him from demanding and receiving quite fat fees for his court room eloquence. Nor does it detract one whit from the passion of his appeal to save lives that, under the best of circumstances, are not, according to his philosophy, worth living. And now we see that philosophical anarchism is no bar to becoming a prominent political supporter to the Morgan lawyer who is running for president of the United States. Not only does Clarence Darrow find it quite easy to support Davis for president, but Davis, in turn, displays alacrity in welcoming the prominent an- arehist into the fold of democracy. The pleasure in the relations thus set up seems to be quite mutual. Which is as it should be: If Darrow can overlook the long established payroll connections of Davis with Morgan, surely Davis can pardon any little philosophical abberations of Mr. Darrow. How Ambassadors Are Made When Edgar Allen Bancroft, an obscure Chicago lawyer, was appointed ambassador to Japan a few days ago, all the claims to fame that could be dug up for the gentleman by an army of diligent re- porters was the fact that he had written a book many years ago, denouncing the Pullman strike of 1893-94. Since that time he has plodded’upon his rounds from court to court, earning his more or less honest fees by the recognized methods of the profession, without being able to demand any head- lines in the papers. That Coolidge should suddenly dig him up from obscurcity to represent American capitalism in Japan must, therefore, have some con- nection with Bancroft’s only recorded public act, the book denouncing the Pullman strike. This conviction will surely be strengthened by a reading of Mr. Bancroft’s book. It is one long denunciation of the principle of the solidarity of labor. Very stupidly written, it is true, yet the book displays such an intense hatred of united ac- tion by the workers that, without question, it was this which awoke a feeling of fellowship in the breast of Strikebreaker Coolidge and brought the appointment as ambassador to Japan. A strong hatred of labor unions is quite a fitting quality for an American ambassador to have, es- pecially in Japan, where one of the principal ways American capitalism may bring the Oriental ruling classes under their influence, is to show them how to fight their own rising subject classes. Mr. Ban- croft will be given opportunity, no doubt, to lec- ture before the young lawyers of Japan upon the immorality of foree when exercised by the working class to remedy its grievances, and the glorious beneficence of foree when’ the capitalist class uses it to suppress the workers, Senator Wheeler is quoted as saying in his Port- land speech: “We are trying to save the country, take it from Wall Street and replace it in the hands of the common people, the workers and farmers, to which it belongs.” What do you mean, Senatqr? Were you think- ing of the workers and farmers when you waited for millionaire Vanderlip to draft you for the cam- paign? And you must have some responsibility for what the LaFollette-Wheeler organization is do ing in the various states: Is it consideration for the workers and farmers that caused your campaign to be taken out of the hands of thearmer-Labor Party in Minnesota and placed in the hands of banker Sin« clair? It is the intesets of the workers and farmers that caused your manager, J. Nelson, to go into Mis- souri and demand that workers and farmers give way to business and professional men on your committees? Is it consideration for workers and farmers that makes your organization function everywhere as the destroyers of the beginnings of class political organization in the budding Farmer- Labor parties? No, Senator Wheeler, your record and that of LaFollette shows that you want the workers and farmers in just the same way that Coolidge and s want them—that is, not to control your or- ganization, but to deliver votes. In the meantime you proceed to sabotage every vital demand of the workers and farmers, to hand your organiza- tion over to bankers, lawyers, merchants, and doc- tors, and to depend in your campaign entirely upon demagogic denunciations of the old parties for the very crimes against the workers and farmers which you, yourself, commit with your running mate, LaFollette. Your concession to workers and farmers by giving them mention in your speech is a gesture; it means nothing while they are frozen out of all control and direction of the campaign. There is only one organization jn this campaign in which the workers and farmers have a voice, and that is the Workers Party. A A Disgraceful Fraternization The “Labor Day” celebration under the direction of the Central Trades and Labor Council of Greater New York was an illustration of the corruption that is eating the heart out of the American labor moyement. Supposedly a demonstration of the strength of labor, it was turned into a miltaristic demonstration and practically handed over to the officers of the army to conduct. Held at Fort Hamilton, this “labor” demonstration included a sham battle, a polo game (the sport of millionaires and kings), and speeches by republican and demo- cratic politicians. And what were the speeches about? Secretary of Labor Davis spoke, demanding that the workers produce more each day, and warning against the “visionary” demand for nationalization of indus- tries. Major-General Bullard called for co-opera- tion between the officers of the army and the of- ficers of the labor unions. Sam Gompers sent a special carrier pigeon with a message to bless the union of the capitalist army with the labor of- ficials. The whole was capped by the sham battle, which demonstrated how well fitted the army is to suppress any labor union that refuses to “co- operate.” Fraternization with the army on the part of the workers is a good thing—if it is a fraternization of the rank and file with the rank and file, the establishment of the mutual interests of the work- ers in and out of the army as against the interests of the capitalists, officers, and “labor leaders” that join hands in a conspiracy at the top to suppress and corrupt the labor movement. This New York ;demonstration was the opposite. It was a fraterni- zation of the misleaders of the labor movement with the class enemies of the workers. It was the preparation for future treachery, when both army and labor leaders will deliver the workers, bound and helpless, over the exploiters who direct and control the army and all the other instruments of coercion in America today. - United States Takes Charge News dispatches report that Owen D. Young, head of the General Electric Company, has gone to Berlin to take charge of affairs in Germany, while the German government has made the first pay- ment, according to the schedule of the Dawes plan. ‘Thus has the United States, without a single official action of its “legal” governing machinery, been placed in the center of the European chaos. The capitalist “underground” party, the group of financiers headed by Morgan, spoke their will and it was done. The “labor” and “socialist” govern- ments jumped, like the capitalist puppets that they are, when Morgan pulled the string. Officially the Dawes plan is “put across.” But the actual operations of the Dawes enslay- ing machinery will not be so simple. It will act like a blazing sun upon the seeds of revolution with which the capitalist world is sown. And to operate the Dawes plan will require the suppression of the proletarian revolution in Germany and Central Europe generally, That is the task assumed for the United States by J. P. Morgan and his agents. That is the meaning of the act of Owen D. Young taking charge of the reparations machinery. -The next conscription act in the United States may be for the purpose of sending young workers to Ger- many to destroy the German Soviets, With so many “deals” in progress for supporting candidates on the republican and democratic tickets, it is little to be wondered at that the La Follette camp is full of dissentign and strife. Hach man wants to cash in for his particular gang. ALLY to International Youth Day, is the call now~ being heard all over the country in the ranks of the reyolutionary young workers. Under the direction of Young” Workers League of America, American: section of the Young Communist International, demonstrations have been arranged for in every large city in the country. Thousands of young workers will flock tothe standards of Communism. on this Tenth Annversary of Internation- al Youth Day. On the anniversary, the Young Workers League of America has is- sued the following call: ef To the Young Workers of Amer- ica, Comrades, Fellow Workers: The young workers of this coun- try are facing many problems which they must meet. Already unemployment has grip- ped the workers of this country, young and old, and millions are walking the street without the hopes of getting a job. | The curse of the working class of this country, child labor, is as great a menace to the welfare of lahor as ever. Preparing For War. Everywhere preparations are be- ing made to draw the youth of America into the net of @oitalist militarism to train them™for the slaughter of the next war which is being worked out in the chambers of the capitalists of this country. Instead of the last world war NE of the most interesting re | ports yet issued by the Minis- |ter of Labor has appeared this week on the changes in unemployment. It serves to shatter a lot of illusions as to who are the unemployed and ‘en- jables to make a much more Satisfac- tory explanation of some of the filuc- | tuations in the organizations of the junemployed, Time and time again |the enemy press and spouters have |denounced the unemployed as a mob | who don’t want work, who are bleed- |ing, the exchequer white and living in |the lap of chosen idleness. From all |the terrible statements mada con- cerning the unemployed it would be easy for us to conceive of the unem- ployed as the great mob who had read, marked and learned Lafargue’s “Right to be Lazy” and had made up their minds that the best way to apply his philosophy was to fall out of work and draw the “dole.” What’ll They Say Now? What these prize politicians will Say now, we don’t know. This report so completely knocks the bottom out of the argument that it must leive them guessing. Instead of the unem- ployed being a more or less perma- nent section of the workingclass who can’t get work, this report makes it perfectly clear that the personal of the unemployed is continually chang- ing and that any charges that are to be made against them must be leyel- led against the whole working class. It is shown that 14 per cent of the personnel of the unemployed is changed every week. Further, that instead of the working class being di- vided into a section that is nearly permanently employed and a section that ‘is almost permanently unem- ployed, that in any one year one in every three of insured workers claim unemployed benefit during the year. Out of 11,000 workers of the country, during the insurance year of Novem- ber, 1922, to October, 1923, there were 3,707,000 claims for benefit. The report goes still further and enables us to estimate the number and proportion of the workers in each of the main industries who in the course of the 11% months of the insurance year presented themselves at the un- employment exchanges to claim un- employed benefit. They range from 82 per cent in the shipbuilding indus- try to 9.8 per cent of the workers in local government service. The following table will show how this turnover of unemployed is spread over the various industries. Sateot Percentage workers who Unemployment having brought a change for the better .in the life of the workers of America; instead of the various capitalist presidents and congresses having accomplished anything that would aid the wotkers of this coun- try, the conditions of labor have be- come worse and worse every day. Exploitation becomes sharper and more bitter in the greed of the boss- es for greater profits. The more that is produced the nearer does the worker get to joblessness. With the coming of unemployment the capitalist seeks a market for his capital and his surplus product and comes in conflict with other capital- ists with the result that another war hovers and descends over the nation. These dangers of unemployment, poverty and war are daily becom- ing greater. While the bosses pile up millions of dollars in profits out of the toil of the workers, two million toilers find themselves without a means of life. While the returned soldiers are not yet recovered from the horrors of the last war, preparations are be- ing made for the next. Fight Wage Cuts. With the coming of unemploy- ment, the bosses are engaging in a huge campaign to cut the wages of the workers. In this drive they al- ways use the young workers to scab on the adults in the event of a strike. This must be resisted by every honest young toiler. Instead of being a traitor to the working class, We must line up with the adult workers, unemployed and employed in an organization of the unemployed in order that the boss- es may find us united solidly against wage reductions and in- days. The proportion of persofis draw; ing benefit for not more than 4 weeks was 22.7, the proposition showing for 8 weeks is 33.6 per cent, for 12 weeks 47.2 per cent and for 24 woeks 69.4 per cent. In the shipping industry 16.1 per cent drew benefit for the whole 44 weeks. This continual change over of the personnel of unefiployed accounts for the many ups and downs of the unem- ployed movement and the. immense difficulties that have to be overcome to establish and maintain anything \like durable organization amongst the unemployed. How often, just as we have secured aj capable organizer to tackle the job of organization in some particular district have we seen the organization spring up only to fall to pieces in a few weeks because the organizer had found a job. The number of unemployed may not be less but the new unemployed may have some slight resources which makes him a little indifferent to or- ganization for a few weeks and there may not be amongst them the capable leaders for dealing with the question. creases in the working day. Instead of the cuts in wages, we demand work or maintenance by the government and industry, the young workers to be trained under the supervision of the trades unions during the period of unemployment. Down With Mobilization Day. As a step in the direction of the militarization of the youth of this country for the purpose of having cannon fodder for the next war of profits, the imperialists of this counfry have laid plans for a nation wide demonstration on September 12, called Mobilization Day. The United States, as well as the capi- talist powers elsewhere, is prepar- ing for the coming war in which the young workers will again be sacri- ficed. The United States govern- ment, heeding the instructions of its masters, the financiers and capi- talists, is pushing ahead the Dawes plan for the enslavement of the workers of the world in the interest of American capitalism. It is arous- ing the war-bringing antagonisms between itself and Japan, merely because American capitalists want to control the Pacific for the pur- pose of exploiting Asia and main- taining supreme rights over the Philippines. Support Communist Ticket. At home, the workers are in tie midst of a presidential campaign, in which they are confronted with the Morgan candidates, Coolidge and Davis, with LaFollette, the be- trayer of the workers, and with the Communist candidate, William Z. Foster. Only the Communists stand for the primary needs and ultimate goal of the proletariat and the young workers must rally to the, support of their candidates, Foster and Gitlow. ‘ Thursday, September 4, 1924 Rally To International Youth Day International Youth Day is the day of the revolutionary young workers. It is the day when the class conscious youth unites to de- monstrate its opposition to capital- ism and its firm stand for the pro- letarian revolution! Rally this year to the standards of the Young” Workers” League! Join.in-the fight for the program of the young Communists'of Amer- ica! Unite for: The six-hour day and five-day week for young workers. A four weeks’ vacation with pay each year. The abolition of night and piece work, and the speed-up system for the young workers. The abolition of child labor. Join'the struggle against: Capitalist wars! Mobilization days! Unemployment and wage cuts! Join the Young Workers League inthe revolutionary struggle against capitalism. Support the Communist dates, Foster and Gitlow! Rally to International Youth Day against Mobilization Day! Long live the Soviet Russian Re public and the international pro- letarian. revolution against capital ism! Long live the Communist and Young Communist International! National Executive Committee, Young Workers League of, Amer- ica, Martin Abern, tary. r candi- Executive Secre- Unemployment Changes _- By J. T. Murphy - How often have we seen some dis- George crowd for the purpose of urk- trict right in the forefront of the agi- tation only to find it all evaporated again in a few weeks. And here is the explanation. The unemployed are not a class of their own. They rep- resent a continually recurring: condi- tion of the whole working class. To measure the strenght of the unem- ployed by their organization, their dues paying membership would therefore be a mistake. ing ‘the unemployed to look more in- tensely for work, This report shows how futile and atrocious was this im- Position. But now the “gap” has van- ished it means the periodic drive of the masses to the local boards of guardians for poor Law relief has also vanished and the agitation thus caused has been eliminated. Still there are more than a million It can be on the unemployed, register and so shown that there were less number |long as this State of affairs obtains of the unemployed actually paying to the Unemployed Workers Committee |ment has great scope. at the time of the Great Hunger an organization based upon unemploy- And. indeed there are more workers subscribing March when unemployment became|to the National Unemployed Workers the burning question of the day, than Committee than at any time since its there are today when it is difficult to| get an agitation going on the ques- tion. : The “Gap.” A variety of factors have operated— to take the sting out of the unem- ployed agitation not the least of which has been the abolition of the “gap” in unemployed pay. This gap was the interval between the periods of payment introduced by the Lloyd inception. Its close association with the General Council of the Trades Union Congress along with the dem- onstration that unemployment hits the majority of the workers should insure the’ unemployed organization becoming the natural center of activ- ity for the trades unionists especially who become unemployed. That is the tendency becoming more marked the longer the unemployed crisis exists. The Communist Candidates—Look Them Over! ORDON W. OWENS (colored), Workers Party candidate for Congress from the First Congressional District, Chicago. Twenty-eight years of age, born in Chicago. Has grade school education. Began slaving In 1911 as A. D. T. messenger boy. Later became stock- yards worker. Joined 1. W. W. in 1914. Kicked out of Swift's Packing con- cern for urging unionism to fellow-workers. Commenced speaking publicly for a social revolution in 1919, Joined Communist Party in 1920. Member of Workers Party since beginning. Is working today as general worker in printing house. * * * * OSEPH PODKULSKI, Workers Party candidate for Congress from the Fourth Congressional District, Chicago. Born in Austrian Poland, 1889; 35 years of age. Is a needle trades worker and has been working at that trade since age of 14 years, in Poland and the United States. Union in 1919. He h. of the I. L. G. W. UL G. W. U. Joined International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ been a member of the Executive and Joint Board In 1923 he was recording secretary of Local 104, |. L. Today is member Executive Board of local Is a delegate to the Chicago Federation of Labor. Former member socialist Party both in Poland and America. Joined Workers Party. * % Congressional District, Chicago. in 1901. Workers, Local 61, since 1917. into Amalgamated to mal of insure claimed benefit June-Dec. Men 1923 Shipbuilding 43.5 Shipping ... 19.1 fron and Steel Mfg.......59. 20.6 Engineering 59.4 20.4 Cotton ... 53.2 16.8 Building 48.6 124 Canal, River and Dock workers 24.4 Amongst women and girls 91.4 per cent in the brass and allied metal mannfecturers had to draw on ingur- ance, 67.6 per cent of the bread and biseuit workers, 63.6 per cent of the cotton workers and 61.9 per eent of the pottery workers, had to do like- wise. Another striking fact is that 62.8 ber cent are under 35 years of age among the men and of these at least half are between 18 and 24 the years When they are passing out of appren- ticeship and begin to lay claim to full tradesmen's wages. * Short Term Doles, The average length of time on un employed benefit is shown to be 75. Strike lasted 14 weeks, Workers Party at its formation. Is Assistant Secretary, Polish Federation, YMAN EPSTEIN, Workers Party candidate for Congress from the Fifth Started working when 12 years of age. Joined trade union movement Has been steady member of union sinnce 1910. United Garment Workers, Local 21. Now member of Amalgamated Clothing Like other workers, has been blacklisted often in labor's struggle for freedom from exploitation. Was member of Has put efforts it a truly class conscious and revolutionary union, Aided in attempt to organize electrical workers in clothing industry in 1919. A. C. W. sent him to conduct strike of clothing workers In Detroit in 1922. ° Joined sociaftst party in 1904. Left S. P. in 1921 and Joined the Workers Party when organized. ns ® * * r Comrades out gathering signatures to place Workers Party candidates on the ballot are often the candidates. That Is right. Above of our Communist candidates. ked by workers they visit to tell something about we are giving a synopsis of the lives Histories of the other candidates will be printed in coming issues of the DAILY WORKER. Clip these items and use them in your work of gathering signatures. They will help you consid- erably. Get acquainted with the Workers Party candidates and then heip acquaint other workers with them. ship and the rule of the workers, The Dictatorship of the Proletariat {THERE is only one way in which the exploitation of the workers and farmers of this country can be ended. That is thru the workers organizing their mass power, ending the capitalist dictator- blishing the Workers’ and Farmers’ Government. “In place of the capitalist dictatorship there must be established The governmental power must be used in the interest of the workers and farmers as it is now used by the capitalist dictatorship in the interest of the o the election program of the Workers Party of America, alist clags.”—From INTERNATIONAL YOUTH DAY MEET HERE ON SUNDAY Young Workers League in Demonstration OBILIZATION DAY, Sept.’ 12, has accentuated the importance of In- ternational Youth Day, which is to be held on Sept. 7, at 8 p. m., in the Northwest Hall, under the auspices of the Young Workers League, to such an extent that the youth movement of this country is planning to put all its organizational strength into a stirring campaign against imperialism. Youth Day will be celebrated all over the country this year on the basis of specific demands and especially as 4 protest against the imperialist wars. The speakers for the Chicago meet- ing are John Edwards, recently re- turned from the Fifth Congress of the Communist and Fourth Congress of the Young Communist International; Earl Browder of the Trade Unton Ed- ucational League and J. Louis Bng- dahl of the DAILY WORKER, Youth Day is the most important celebration of the Young Communist International and in Russia is a legal holiday, It is celebrated with fervor in Germany, France, Sweden and oth- er European countries, In the United States, Youth Day is growing in im- portance, especially since the Young Workers League of America is the’ only working class youth organization fighting for immediate and ultimate demands of the Young Workers in’ this country as well as in the interest of the child laborers: There is no doubt that the campaign against mobilization carried on by the Young Workers League will develop into a militant Communist struggle against militarist wars, The Young Workers League.on Youth Day are striving to bring out the class nature of capitalist wars as something which is being hidden under a maze of words by the present pacifist activity, Because of its importance, Youth Day celebration in Chicago is to be without question the best attend. ed gathering of young workers, party members and sympathizers that has