The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 25, 1924, Page 4

4 } i Page Four Something New in the World Political Situation Editor’s Note.—Here is another in- stallment from the report of Greg- ory Zinoviev, chairman of the Com- munist International, to the opening session of the Fifth World Congress just adjourned at Moscow. In this installment Zinoviey takes up the international political situation as follows: see Chapter VI. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SITUATION New Pacifist Phase. ‘HE world political situation. Here, comrades, we are facing a some- what new situation. A new phase has set in. We foretold this phase in the resolution of the Fourth Congss— the so-called “democratft - pacifist” phase. In the resolution of the Fourth Congress we said: “The chacteristics of the interna- tional political situation: at this mo- ment are fascism, martial law, and the growing wave of white terror against the working class. But that does not exclude the possibility that in the near future, in very important countries, open bourgeois reaction will be replaced by a ‘democratic-pacifist’ era.” That was written in 1922. Thus, a year and a half ago the C. I. directly prophesied this democratic pacifist era. Period of New Illusions. Hence, when martial law prevailed, we foretold the coming of the demo- cratic-pacifist era. I believe we must now do exactly the reverse; during the “democratic-pacifist” era we must foresee the return of the period of martial law and of fascism, and rag- ing bourgeois counter-revolution. The “democratic-pacifist” era will hardly last much longer. We foresaw that. We said: “In Great Britain (strengthening of the Labour Party at the recent elec- tions), and in France (the inevitably approaching crisis in the so-called “left bloc’) such a ‘democratic. paci- fist’ transition period is probable and may cause a revival of the pacifist hopes in bourgeois and social-demo- cratic Germany. Between the pres- ent period of the rule of open bour- geois reaction and the complete vic- tory of the revolutionary proletariat, various stages, and various transi- tional episodes are possible.” The Communist International fore- saw these very important events. Well, now they have come to pass. We actually have an entirely new sit- uation before us, a sort of democratic- pacifist period in the most important countries of Europe; in Great Britain the Labour Government; in France —the Left Bloc, with the Social-Demo- crats forming a de facto, but not a de jure part of the government; in Denmark—a Labour Government; in Austria—a great victory of the So- cial-Democrats; in Belgium—Vander- velde will probably enter the govern- ment soon; a new government in Japan; in Czecho-Slovakia and in Po- land—new phenomena, or at least new nuances will arise in connection with the victory of the Left Bloc in France, for Czecho-Slovakia is nothing but a vassal of this bourgeois State. In America we have the acceptance of the so-called opportunist “Experts’ Re- port” of the bourgeoisie, and the be- ginning of the movement for the so- called “Third Party.” There is also the recognition of Soviet Russia by various countries. All this taken together represents this democratic-pacifist era. This will undoubtedly awaken new illusions not only among the Social-Democratic workers but also among the less hard- ened comrades among us, and encour- age the semi-conscious “right wing- ers.” We must see this clearly. Therapeutics Instead of Surgery The bourgeoisie has now started to Substitute “therapeutics” for “surg- ery.” They know the Exports’ Re- port. I have already said in my opinion this is a noose round the neck of the German working class. But it is a silken noose,—and it will be gradually tightened—with pauses for breath, and this is what the So- cial-Democrats call pacifism and the triumph of democracy! Of course, we wMll fight this “Experts’ Report.” We should not have too many illusions; the application of the “Exports’ Re- , Port is a huge Utopia. The greater the attempts of these people to con- ceal the differences among the im- perialist bourgeoisie, of the various countries, the moré rapidly will this patch-work collapse. It is like a torn seock—the more it is darned with bad wool, the more it tears. The more patches these people make and the more they say “We are in complete harmony now, we have only one pro- gram”—the sooner will it become ob- vious that this “Experts’ Report” is nothing but a scrap of paper. Of , Course, we will fight this Experts’ Re- port” with all our might and expose the treacherous part played by the Boctat-Democrts. What else will happen during this democratic pacifist era? I believe, for instance, that the government of the French Left Bloc will very soon contribute to the clarification of the situation. The Herriot Government has already exposed its real oharacter fn the declaration with which you are all familiar. The French socialists voted for the occupation of the Ruhr apd they will have to vote for Her- riot'’s budget. The time ts not far off when rriot Government will ers. Thus, I do not believe that these illusions will have a foothold in France for any length of time. Participation of Labor Party in Gov- ernment Not a Passing Phase. It is clear now that in Great Britain the MacDonald Government will not be merely a passing phase. On the contrary, I believe that the so-called “Labor Party” will belong to govern- ment combinations in one form or an- LABOUR atonsie CONSERVA - TIVES S554648 346 LIBERALS 4130753 MS other for many years to come. The Labor Party has become too strong, and the power of the bourgeoisie has been too much shaken for it not to be a governmental factor. One can say definitely the international Social Democracy has become the “Third Party” of the bourgeoisie: the Third Party, as the party of “democracy” is spoken of in America. But the Bur- opean Social Democracy, as we know it, is really, objectively speaking, nothing but a Third Party of the world bourgeoisie at the present time. Therefore I believe that the British Labor Party will probably appear in still other government combinations. Its participation in governments will not be a passing phase; but the long- er it governs, the more will the illu- sions prevailing among the British workers diminish. Thus, for us, the new international situation was not unexpected. Illu- sions will arise among many Social Democratic workers. Loebe probably expressed that was in the minds of many social democratic workers. Moreover, it is possible, that the British Labor Government will come to the rescue of the German Social Democrats by putting them back into the saddle for a time. Thus illusions will unavoidably risé. The task of the Fifth World Congress is to decide how to approach the social democratic and non-party workers—particularly in two most important countries, Great Britain and France,—to make them see clearly what is taking place in Europe, that the “pacifists” are like a “soporific” to put them to sleep. The Experts’ Report contains a num- ber of concealed, cruel demands, but the German working class has not yet spoken, and the international working class also will have its say. Though they may not have the strength, in*the immediate future, to frustrate these demands, it is never- theless our duty to make it clear to the workers, right now, how this mat- ter will end and that we, the commun- ists, will emphasize our standpoint more clearly than we have done hi- therto. We must change our methods of agitation because we are facing a new situation; for instance; the ques- tion of disarmament, The War Menace Has not the moment arrived when we communists must bring up Fried- rich~Engel’s question: “Can Europe disarm?” Must we not say: “In Great Britain a Labor Government, a Gov- ernment of the Second International, is at the helm; in Russia a Soviet Government, a government of the Third International, is in power, the Cossacks are no longer there, Rus- sian Czarism has disappeared. There is the Labor Government in Great Britain; a Left bloc in France, where the socialists are making part of the Government. A pacifist-democratic era has begun in America; in Austria and in Belgium you are very strong. You do not wish for war. Therefore please tell us—why do you not disarm?” We know very well that they will not only evade this question, but that in Great Britain and in France and everywhere they support armaments. I have taken this as an example in order to prove that we have reached a situation in which we must expect the outbreak of a new series of wars, and we must take proper measures. Problem of Power on the Order of the Day That, roughly speaking, is the in- ternational situation. I believe, never- theless, t in spite of the “normal”, “Pacifist” period, that in the most important countries of bourgeois Eur- ope the problem of power has now arisen, I will soon explain what I mean by that. Comrades, it is claimed that the THE DAILY WORKER situation is normal, capitalism is be-) objectively speaking, is a revolution-; national viewpoint. There is no doubt whatever. that the social democratic coming stable, everything is running] ary one. And that again is the tac- smoothly, and yet we see government| tical key to our position. crises after government crises. In the last few weeks a half dozen or so of governments were overthrown. It is not yet the fresh wind of the revolu- tion which is blowing these govern- ments away. But it is a symptom of insecurity. The whole political situa- tion is evidence of that. In the most LABOUR 406.35 192 LIBERALS 425,462 156 Elections in Great Britain. important European countries the problem of power has arisen; the bourgeoisie cannot rule as it has done hitherto. Naked, clean, (or rather, dirty), frankly class-bourgeois rule is now impossible. In a number of coun- tvies the bourgeoisie is forced to re- sort to trickery—hence the Labor Government in Great Britain and the left Bloc with the socialists in France. The bourgeoisie cannot govern as it has done hitherto. Formerly there was a two-party system in Great Britain. And what do we see now in this classic land of capitalism? Social-Democracy a Third Party of the Bourgeoisie Social democracy has become the Elections in Germany. SSUUUTEIATVVESEENEGUOUUVGEOSQUOOEQGROUOOGGAUOOGRUOOGQHOUONORUOGGOUOVOOGSOUUACEOOUOOGQTOGNOUOOGGQOUEOOOOGOOUUNOOQQOUNOOQOONEGUUGOUOOGOQOUNOGQONOEGGOUOOOQUUOOOGOOUOONOSONH and WORK “Third Party.” Even the British bour- geoisie can no longer rule by the old methods; it resorts to a Labor Gov- ernment. The bourgeoisie now turn to a Labor Government, now to fas- cism, and then to social-democracy. The fascists are the right hand, and the social democrats the left hand of the bourgeoisie. That is the new phenomenon in the situation. The problem of power has now arisen, and this is the best symptom of the pre- cariousness of the whole situation. This is the best symptom of the in- stability of the position of the bour- geoisie. We see how the Second Interna- tional has come to power for the Second time. The first time it came to power during the war; the motives which prompted the bourgeoisie in this are clear, but if we have “nor- malcy” now, why does the bourgeoisie need them? That's just it; the “nor- mal” conditions are far from being normal, and they must be understood. There will come a time when social ministers will blossom out in all the principle countries of Europe. That time will come because the bourgeoi- sie cannot rule in any other way. It is forced to transform the social-demo- crats into a bourgeois third party. And social] democracy agrees to play this part. This is the distinguishing feature of the present period. The Second International is supplying ministers for Great Britain, and also for France. The social democrats are be- ing used in Belgium, in Denmark, etc. What does this mean? The social democrats claim that they are en- emies of the bourgeoisie. What would have been said had we appointed Gen- eral Denikin as Minister in the Rus- sian Government. It would have. been said: “This is a proof that the Soviet Government can no longer govern; it/|s is beginning to totter; the question of power has become a burning ques- tion.” It is true that social democrats are not of the same significance for the bourgeoisie that Denikin was for us. Still the facts prove that the position of the bourgeoisie is sufficient- ly unstable to’ compel it, not only in such small countries as Esthonia and Denmark, but even in Great Britain, to put power, at least for the time being, into the hands of the so-called Labor Government. This is one of the best proofs of how unstable the situation is, and that the situation, wore SOCIALIST! qu cose 4894.000 no POPOLARI doce toot party has become the third bourge- by them, communists must follow tac- tics different from those advocated by Radek.) The most important factor in all this is—that the social demo- cratic party has been converted into a wing of fascism. This is a great political fact. For what is the French socialist party if not the left wing of the bourgeoisie? The recent elec- tion has provided us, as it were, with the documentary proof of this. The bourgeois and social democratic par- ties had a joint list of candidates. The only difference between them was— Elections in Italy. The Radek-Brandler Theory is Er- roneous Take for instance the controversy in the German Party on the notorious victory of Fascism over the Novem- ber Republic. At present we can say that this question is settled from the German as well as from the inter- First Parliamentary Elections in Carpathian Russia. | 4 MONTH SPECIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN SUBSCRIPTIONS (For new subscribers only) Get a New Reader for the DAILY WORKER and a Big Picture of Foster for ois party, a government party. This is the case almost in every country. The theory that fascism has con- quered social democracy has therefore proved false, which means that Ra- dek’s and Brandler's theories have fallen to the ground. In a number of countries: the social democratic party has become the third bourgeois party. This is a new fact in the international situation and a tactical key in the hands of thé communists, The theory that fascism has conquered social democracy was a misleading key which led to opportunist educations. If it was true that the social demo- crats fought against the fascist and were defeated by them, the logical conclusion would be the reapproach- ment with the social democrats and not the intensification of the struggle against them. Social-Democracy a Wing of Fascism. But as the social democrats did not fight the fascists and were not defeated OMMUNISTEN BAUERN $3000 wo that the names of the bourgeois par- ties occupied the right side of the list while the names of the socialist party were on the left. What other proof do we need? The French so- cialist party is the left wing of the French bourgeoisie. It is still play- ing hide and seek, it has not yet open- ly joined the government, but it is one of its factors. This becomes more and more evident as the situation develops. The Second International is now the left wing of the bourge- oisie, This does not show only the op- portunist and treacherous spirit of social democracy, but also the un- certainty of the position of the bour- geoisie, which compels it to adopt such means, “The Old Cat Died.” POMFRET, Conn., July 24.—An old cat's estate is now intact. The cat has now died which was living on part of the dough. Seven months ago, when Miss Elegnor J. Clark died, leaving an estate of $1,501,214, she provided that $2,500 be set aside, and the income to be used to take care of the cat for life. Sardie, the cat, was evidently sore at being left so little, so within a reasonable time, she died. The fund now reverts to the estate. Send in that Subscription Today. Elections in Bulgaria. “Sel Printed on a fine grade of paper. 12 inches wide by 18 Inches high. Suitable for framing or posting in your window, VOTE FOR FOSTER for PRESIDENT Get a photographic reproduction of this new picture of Foster free. Every Reader of THE DAILY WORKER will be a worker for FOSTER FOR PRESIDENT THE DAILY WOR.KER will be the best, thé most incessant worker for YOU!! USE THE one nee Nea ere Me MEAN A NEARED Friday, July 25, 1924 SOVIETS HASTEN BIG PROGRAM OF ELECTRIFICATION Large Power Stations Under Construction By ANISE (Federated Press Staff Correspondent) MOSCOW, July 24.—During the past year the Russian government spent $27,000,000 on construction of cen- tral power stations, as part of the plan for electrification of Russia. Seven of the proposed 30 large regional stations are under construction and are to be finished within the coming year. Construction has taken a long step forward through the agreements reached with foreign firms to furnish equipment on long term credit. Elec- trification projects in villages and smaller towns is also making progress. Twenty-five stations are under con- struction. The number of workers in govern- ment industry during 1923 in Russia was 1,393,800. The number in private industry was 58,300. The gross output of government industry was nearly $1,000,000,000. That of private industry was $40,000,000. The Russian department of agricul- ture reports the area under cultivation this past year as about 200 million acres or 77 per cent of prewar. The chief\ increase is in wheat and barley, the export crops which had fallen especially low. The area under cotton was quadrupled the past year reachin} about 500,000 acres, one quarter of her prewar acreage. The introduction of long-fibred) American cotton, which is given to the peasants on special terms by the government, is increasing with great rapidity. K. K. K. Brutal to Woman. ST. CLAIRSVILLE, Ohio, July 24. —Unmasked Ku Klux Klan members took Esther Lynn Fuller, a young divorcee, out of town and coated her face and body with tar and feathers. The charge against the young woman was that she was seen in an auto with a married man and another girl. Mrs. Fuller will swear out warrants against her assailants. Send in that Subscription Today. FOSTER FOR PRESIDENT SSS SESS eee SSSR ESS SSS See SS SS SS Ss WORK!! ‘, For Foster for President by securing new subscribers to THE DAILY WORKER COUPON. ° $2.00 Yourself ‘ y ele ny re in 2 ty Sa AM ft en Senet Rs She, nee mfeA) i ‘THE DAILY WORKER | 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. I have sold a Special 4-Month Election Campaign I sub. Please send me FREE the picture of Foster. 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