The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 14, 1924, Page 5

| Monday, duly 14, 1924 T 80,000 ILLINOIS WORKERS LOSE JOBS SINCE LAST YEAR; TIDE OF UNEMPLOYMENT IS RISING By LELAND OLDS (Federated Press Industrial Editor) REVOLUTION IN BULGARIA ALONG BLACK SEA AREA Communists, Agrarians Shot by Troops (Special to The DAILY WORKER) ATHENS, July 13.—Martial law has been declared thruout the Burgas dis- trict of Bulgaria, following a revolu- tionary uprising in which the rebels killed the prefect and other officials and many of their number were shot down in clashes’ with government troops. Sofia dispatches state that sporadic uprisings on the part of agrarians started last week and gradually took the form of a revolution thruout the district along the Black Sea. Troops loyal to the present regime made more than 700 arrests at Varna and elsewhere. Much of the fighting between the agrarians, Communists, republicans and government forces appears to have been of a rough and tumble vari- ety, but reports of numerous casual- ties indicate the troops used their arms. ing to the June review issued by the state department of labor. During the last three months manufacturing establishments have laid off more than 7 per cent of their employes. Employment has been reduced 111% per cent below June, 1923, meaning that 80,000 factory workers who had a job a year ago are out of a job today. The total out of work in the state is far larger than this 80,000 would indicate, says the review. The army of unemployed is swelled by closing of mines, lessened building activity and the fact that farmers are hiring fewer workers than a year ago, in addition large numbers have migrated to Illinois during the year and an additional number have arrived at working age. 172 for Each 100 Jobs. The free employment service report for the month reflects this situation with 172 job\seekers for each 100 jobs. This compares with 154 for each 100 jobs in May, 100 in June, 1923; 103 in June, 1922; 240 in June, 1921, and 84|ployment by rotating workers on ex- seekers for each 100 jobs in June,|isting jobs to a greater extent than 1920. The Cicero office reported 296|during the 1921 depression. This in- applicants for each 100 jobs, the Dan-| cludes keeping the main body of ville office 252 and Chicago nearly |skilled help at reduced hours to main- 200. tain the working force intact. It Part-time operations were reported |tends to cover up the severity of the on an increasing scale. The propor-| depression. tion of workers on part-time increased from 24 per cent in May to 36 per cent in June. This caused a reduction in HUGHES OFFERS ‘UNITED FRONT’ average weekly earnings to $27.40, which is 93 cents lower than the ay- England, France, U. S. Making Alliance? erage for June last year. (Special to the DAILY WORKER) Empty Dinner Pails. PARIS, July 13.—The French am- Reduction in per capita earnings, coupled with the heavy layoffs, re- bassador to the United States, Jules Jusserand, returned here yesterday duced the purchasing power of famit- lies dependent on factory wages in the state by about $3,360,000 a week as and outlined to premier Herriot the views of secretary of state Hughes on the subject of Russian recogni- compared with a year ago. This meant a loss of over $14,500,000 in the month, or at an annual rate of some- thing like $175,000,000. It means not only hardship for the families affect- ed, but also a material reduction in the demand for products of agricul- tion. It is understood that Hughes has proposed some sort of alliance or agreement to be made btween Eng- land, France, and the United States. The protracted conferences be- tween England and Russia, the settle- ment of which has been persistently ture and industry. - Out of 55 industries included in the blocked by the British bankers’ de- mands, are expected to conclude un- Commerce begs the government to re-|survey 42 reported declines in the duce freights from West Virginia in |number of workers between May and order that non-union coal may he|June. The most important layoffs in brought in to break the miners” un-/the month occurred in the metal, ma- ion in the organized Indiana field. chinery and conveyance group, in which 383 employers dropped 10,000 successfully and in such event, the three “powers,” under Hughes’ big busines guidance wil make a common policy toward the Soviet government. Herriot’s election pledge to recog- nize Russia at once has been shelved employes, or 62. per cent of their working forces. Important reductions by the politicians until the outcome of the London conference on the in this group were 20 per cent in agri- cultural implements, 12 per cent in iron and steel and 6 per cent in rail- Dawes plan and possibly until the termination of the Russian confer- ences in London. road car building. Auto Industry Low. Senator Walsh Hit As Anti-Labor by Other industries reporting serious layoffs included automobiles and ac- . Montana Federation (By The Federated Press) cessoriés, tools and machinery, furni- BUTTE, Mont., July 13.—U. S. Sen. Thomas J, Walsh, who has been pre- siding over the democratic national convention in New ‘York, was de- nounced for his anti-labor record by the annual convention of the Montana State Federation of Labor in session at Butte. He was raked particularly for his support of the wartime espion- age act and of the federal injunctions against the United Mine Workers. The convention voted to hold con- ventions every two years hereafter in- stead of annually. Organization of the Butte copper miners was the prin- cipal business. ture, musical instruments, lumber, leather, chemicals, oils and paints. On the other hand seasonal gains in the clothing, shoe and food industries tended to keep the general average from falling too abruptly. Outside of manufacture, mail order houses laid off 3.8 per cent of their workers, tele- phone companies 2.2 per cent and coal mines 9.2 per cent. The department reports that em- Ployers are attempting to spread em- Business Men Go Broke in Closed Coal Mine Field VINCENNES, Ind., July 11.—With only one\coal mine in operation in the field mala ‘hon Vincennes, business houses afe beginning to crack. A | clothing ‘store has failed. Several i stores laid .off clerks. Two banks have each laid off three clerical as- | sistants. The theater frequently fails | to take in enough to meet labor and expenses. The rolling mill has shut | down. | In Bicknell with 7,000 population, seven mines are closed. Two grocery | stores and a furniture store are bank- rupt. 1 Meanwhile the Indiana Chamber of Mex Textile Mills Close. MEXICO CITY, July 13.—Because it is difficult to compete with America, three large textile mills in Puebla have shut down. The textile workers of that state have appointed a com- mission, which, with government ex- perts id to find means of reopening the factories. The workers in Puebla are suffering. | | | { 1 i } , OUR DAILY PATTERNS A STYLISH DRESS WITH SLENDERIZING LINES. A POPULAR STYLE FOR THE “LITTLE MAN.” 4506. weaves, in flannel or @ good model for linen, seersucker and gingham. The pattern is cut in three sizes: 2, 4 and 6 years. A 4-year size requires 2% yards of 36-inch material. Pattern mailed to any address on receipt of 12 cents in silver or stamps. Send 12 cents in silver or stamps for our UP-TO-DATE SPRING AND SUM- MER, 1924, BOOK OF FASHIONS, Address: The Daily Worker, 1113 4808. Here is a very attractive|W. Washington Blivd., Chicago, straight line dress, with additonal! NOTICE TO PATTERN BUYE dth supplied by “godets” or inserts | Beiter , Uns ma oe ee it ‘the front seams of a wide panel. by a Ney m of pattern r} Kasha ts here combined with figured reek ee the customers ‘6|of normal. Merchants are facing Pr ame:- gould have serge. on albacs Beh Keer & stock bankruptcy thru the decline in pur- pie trimming of ‘braid. ferns ordinarily will take at Youst.10 days chasing power of miners’ families who The pattern is cut in seven si es oe se ve Fa tp |are their principal customers. 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48 inches bust| Bot Pecome, Impationt if your \} The width of the dress at he foot is 1% yards. A 38-inch size PITTSBURGH, PA, will require 4 yards. of 40-inch mate- DR. RASNICK For vest, inserts and sleeve fac: of contrasting material % yard Pattern mailed to any address on ipt of 12 cents in silver or stamps. lend 12 cents in silver or stamps for \ir UP-TO-DATH SPRING AND SUM: ADR, 1924, BOOK OF FASHIONS, Miners’ Moving to Get Jobs Bankrupts Petty Businessmen (By The Federated Press) CLINTON, Ind., July 13.—Over 1,000 coal miners in the Clinton field must look for other jobs because mining in this part of Indiana seems more or less permanently depressed. Clinton business men thought the situation so serious that they asked the state con- servation director to help establish other industries to absorb the men Woman Elected in Yucatan, MEXICO CITY, July 13.—Wlvira Carrillo Peurto (sister of Governor Felipe Carrillo of Yucatan, who was killed in the last rebellion) ia the first woman to be elected to the chamber of deputies of Yucatan. The reaction is trying to keep her from taking her seat. Subscription Today. De Sine oe Stiinta HE DAILY WORKER STEEL WORKERS | GERMAN WORKERS SUFFER WHILE KNOW FOSTER IS MAN TO ORANIZE Employment in Illinois factories is dropping rapidly, accord-|Not Interested in La Follette Gang (Federated Press Industrial Editor) YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio, July 13.— Youngstown will be thoroly organized on a military basis for LaFollette-for- president, according to the hopeful Harry Dechend ,editor of the Labor Record and one time Republican can- didate for the state legislature. Local suporters of the Wisconsin senator have fought bitterly against the Trade Union Educational League and all really progressive action in the union and political movement here, The LaFollette party will not select candidates for state, congressional or county offices and the Mahoning coun- ty “progressives” explain that its not a party but simply a movement to elect a “progressive” man as pre- sident. Henry Hamm, former secretary of the central labor council, attended the Cleveland LaFollette conference as delegate from the Movie operators union, Fought Steel Workers Hamm lead the local conservatives in their fight against the Trade Union Educational League and other pro- gressive labor movements launched by the militant steel workers. Steel Workers For Foster The steel workers are little con- cerned about the LaFollette party and its local sponsors. Reactionary labor leaders carry little influence among the unorganized steel workers who view with suspicion assertions of progressiveness coming from alleged labor leaders who but a short time ago engaged in a vitrolic attack upon Wm. Z. Foster and his amalgamation plan for the steel workers. The steel workers have failed to respond to the attempt made by the reactionaries to organize them and it is well known, that Wm. Z. Foster is the ONLY American labor leader that can successfully organize the steel workers. WORKING-CLASS WOMEN’S GROUP PLAN ACTIVITY Picnic July 20; Petition for City-built Houses (Special to the DAILY WORKER) NEW YORK, July 13.—At the last Central Council meeting of the United Council of Working Class Women, a plan of activities was adopted. Peti- tions were issued and signatures are to be gotten demanding that the city build houses and rent them to the workers at cost. All workers and working class women are asked to write to Kate Gitlow, secretary, 127 University Place, New York City, for these petitions and help get signa- tures. In the fall, the 100,000 names will be taken to the aldermanic cham- ber. Beethoven hall has been taken for the 25th of November to celebrate the first anniversay of the United’ Council of Working | Class Women. There is to be a convert and mass meeting. All working class organiz: tion are asked to keep this date open | so as not to interfere with the suc- cess of the mass meeting and concert. The members of all the councils) will have an outing at Van Cortland Park on Sunday, July 20th. A com- mittee will be at the station between 11 and 12:30 P. M. to direct the mem- bers to the fleld. Direetions for get- ting to the park: Take the 7th Av- enue West Side (Broadway) subway to Van Cortland Park where the com- mittee will meet you. The report of the delegates to the National Farmer-Labor Convention was accepted with great enthusiasm. Mrs. Hollowitz of Council No. 8 pre- sented the delegate, Kate Gitlow, with SOCIAL DEMOCRATS, CAPITALISTS, TOURISTS AND REPORTERS REVEL By CHARLES E. STANGELAND (Special to The Daily Worker) BERLIN, Germany, July 11—The bourgeois and plutocratic travellers. never see the worst side of Germany, the starving masses under the thin crust of “society” and consequently send back reports to their home countries, particularly the United States, that there is no great suffering in Germany and that the children here do not need much foreign aid. Altho the Inter- national Workers’ much to help, the starvation and misery of German workers and their children is only too true. Not one of hundred Americans who come to Berlin or other large cities here on business or as tourist ever sees anything that impresses this pain- ful fact on him. The prosperous for- eigner (and the American is now more than ever a symbol of prosperity and dollars on this side of the water) lives at a good hotel, perhaps the best hotel, and sees maybe some Germans who have money also. He hears German spoken by Germans alone as he thinks, whereas in Germany's hotels nearly all foreigners except Frenchmen and Englishmen speak German too; and these people are to be seen in thea- tres, riding in taxicabs and at the bars the American also frequents. Bar Room Reporters. . The American walks down Unter Den Linden and Friedrich stragse and may be along the boulevard of the West End, known as Kurfustendamn. He sees pretty girls and well-dressed men and writes to his friend in Cedar Rapids that Germans are rich and that the stories of suffering are untrue. Even some American newspaper men who pick up their news at the famous hotel Adion bar between cocktails late in the afternoon send out similar stories. But the typical tourist and the news- paper man of convivial habits see little and know less of the real situation that they imagine or pretend. Let the man from Cedar Falls come with me to the northern woods of this city of 4 million people, the working man’s districts, and look at the faces on the streets and the clothes that are worn. Behold the Poor! if he has a heart it can not remain unaffected, for the misery is every- where apaprent,—in the sad eyed old woman with their bedraggled skirts consisting mainly of rags, often of gunnysacking; in the young men who are looking for work and visibly clad only in a pair of trousers and a coat, nothing more, with back haunched because it is cold; in the haunted faces of old men who have lost hope; and in the children trying to play as children do, but with faces that are thin and look as if they never knew jollity and natural laughter; children who are 14 and look like children of 9 or 10, who have never had milk in their infancy, for their parents could not buy it nor could their undernour- ished mothers nurse them; young girls, sometimes pretty, still struggling to live somewhat decently and the tragic swarms of those who have given up finally and migrated to the center of the city where money and foreigners may be found perchance, Children Undersized. Let him go with me to the principal of one of the big public schools, and be present at/the visits of the school physician, and he will discover that almost without a single exception the ‘children are undernourished and un- dersized, and he will on investigation find that often more than half of these youngsters are without underwear, If he is able to go on an inspection trip with a sister of charity to their homes jhe will see the coarse dark bread that is their main food, and that milk, but» ter and meat are seldom tasted—meat often but once every week or other week. Many years ago I spent a year as a student at the University of Berlin, and being interested in social prob- lems I inquired of one of my profes- sors: “Where are your slums?” “We have none,’ he replied. I investigated (this was in 1903) and found that there were, of course, districts where poor, and indeed quite poor, people lived; but the streets were clean and there were many arrangements un- @ bouquet of red roses amidst great applause. known in the United States to make life tolerable and in some measure UNCLE WIGGILY’S TRICKS ee SA: 2c ANAS RRS, SR ca RRR TRE ERR pleasant for even the most proletarian worker, No Packingtown, There were no districts comparable with Packingtown of Chicago, with the dirty parts of Pittsburgh and its suburbs, with the East Side of New York nor with the Whitechapel dis- trrict of London and similar part of Manchester and Liverpool. In fact, while the eGrmany of those days had its faults it was to be advanced in many respects as to be a model to- ward which municipal and other re- formers in England and America worked, Berlin has its slums now, not quite in the New York sense, but in the sense of great blocks of people being in continual want and dispair, freezing in winter, lacking sufficient food cronically. And Berlin represents in a large scale what may be found in smaller cities. Suicides Increase. Not long a go, I was walking near the Reichstag building and saw a num- ber of people looking at a bundle of something on ‘the steps of the canal which flows by there. I asked a man what it was about and he said a widow with two children living in the vicinity had not been able to get work or food for a week, and had drowned herself and now she had just been found. A little later I was on Pots- damer strasse near the bridge, and witnessed a similar scene, Suicides due to despair and hunger have multi- plied proportionately in these years that have followed the Carthaginian peace of the conquerors in 1919. It happens that I am occupied at Present as a visiting professor of American Economics and politics at the university, and I see a good deal of the students. The old care-free, happy life that characterized German students before the war is no more. Students Suffer and Slave. The Students dress poorly and get little to eat, and one cannot help noticing this. Most of them work in shops, offices or wherever there is a chance and attend late afternoon lec- tures only; nothing else is Possible for most of them. It does not often happen that one gets an inside view of their problems; but a while ago I was having a talk with a young man and began to give him, with the best of intentions, good advise about his cough—to dress well in woolens, etc. He smiled patiently and thanked me, On a later occasion I got him to tell me how he lived, and he told me then that he and a sister who had tuberculosis lived in two little rooms, The sister was 22 and weighed 50 Pounds then—she has died since. He never had meat oftener than once a month, tho he got a little milk and some margerine for his sister oc- casionally. I remarked: “Well, I hope your rooms are comfortably warm, so your sister does not suffer from cold!” The young man told me that not once in all this winter had they been able to have their rooms heated. Cokemakers End 4-Month Strike in New South Wales (Special to The Daily Worker) SYDNEY, N. S. W., July 13.—After having been on strike for four months, cokemakers in New South Wales re- sumed work on the understanding that a special tribunal would inquire into their claim for a reduction of working hours to 44 per week. Waterfront workers thruout Aus- tralia have had wages reduced 1c per hour—from 69 to 68c, following a decline in the cost of living for the last quarter. Wage adjustments in Australia are made by the federal Page Five DAWES EXPERT PLANS WAR ON RAIL WORKERS Will Cut German Force 40 Percent, He Says By LOUIS P. LOCHNER (Federated Press Staff Correspondent.) BERLIN, July 13.—The fear that the provision in the Dawes report, by which the German railways are to be operated by an international private stock company until Germany is able to buy back the bonds, would mean a step backward for the workers is well founded. Sir William Acworth, | British railway expert, who is in Ber- |lin to negotiate the transfer admits \that 40 to 50 per cent of the persons in the employ of the federal railways may be dismissed. He says “the rail- ways must be reorganized and op- erated on strictly business principles.” This m longer hours, lower pay, and the abrogation of many of the provisions of a social nature (pen- sions, sick and death benefits, vaca- tions, etc.,) that have made the Ger- man railway administration a model. German capitalists welcome this feature of the Dawes report. It has long been a thorn in their flesh to see the German federal railways lead the way in a more human treatment of the employes and workers. Actors Equity Wins Another Round from Openshop Producers (By Federated Press.) NEW YORK, July 13.—Another le- gal victory has been won by the Ac- tors’ Equity association, American Federation of Labor, in the decision of State Supreme Court Justice Platzek denying application of the Actors’ Fi- delity league for a temporary injunc- tion against the new ten-year contract between Equity and the Managers’ Protective association. The contract provides for 80 per cent Equity casts, and has been fought unsuccessfully by the minority open shop producers the Fidelity. Justice Platzek held that the ques- tion of law involved had been settled by the appellate court in refusing the plea of the die-hard managers. for a similar injunction against operation of the contract. Phoenix Firemen Win Shorter Work Day by Elections PHOENIX, Ariz., July 13.—The city firemen of Phoenix won a victory in the city election when the ordinance providing for a two-platoon system carried by 854 majority. The new sys- tem becomes effective Sept. 1. While adding nine men to the force, it re- duces the work day from 21 to 12 hours. 7 The double-platoon system lost in the election in 1923, when the cam- paign was made on the plea for short- er hours. It was carried at the re- cent election by stressing the lower insurance rates to be obtained by in- creasing the force and dividing it into two shifts of 12 hours each. Italian Workers Homeless as Fire Sweeps Quake Town (Special to the Daily Worker.) MESSINA, Italy, July 13.—Scores of injured, 250 frame dwellings destroyed and 1,500 persons rendered homeless as *Messina was swept by fire. One hundred and twenty houses were blown up with dynamite as firemen from surrounding cities fought to check the flames. The housing situation, already crit- ical since the earthquake, now is acute and the populace is being housed in tents. Dutch Vessel Arrives. MOSCOW, July 13—The first foreign steamer under the Dutch flag arrived arbitration court every quarter ac- cording to the cost of living. a at Taganrog (Azov sea), to take a cargo of Soviet grain. A_LAUGH FOR THE CHILDREN wy and their miniature company union,.-+-——~- :