The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 11, 1924, Page 5

Tuesday, March 11, 1924 SOUTH, CENTRAL'Zinoviev’s Speech to Leni AMERICAN EVENTS TOLD BY WOLFE Columbia Boycotts U.S. Anti-Labor Movies By BERTRAM D. WOLFE (Staft sepsis hi i. me Federated Press) jaiti. W. W. Cumberland has been named by the department of state as the fin- ancial adviser on Haitian customs and taxes. By the department of state of Haiti? G’wan! By THE depart- ment of state—the state department of the American Empire, — o. # & Honduras. The manipulated revolution that has come as an aftermath of Ameri- can umpiring of a deadlocked elec- tion in Honduras has caused the U. S. to send down another battleship on the Pacific coast. The battleship Milwaukee has just entered the port of Amapala to keep company with the | Rochester of the Atlantic fleet. With modern big guns the two ships be- tween them can fire clear across this little country, can start or stop revo- lutions and make or unmake presi- dents according to the oil-lection um- pire’s decigjons. BONS, Argentina. All interest in the most powerful labor organization of Argentina, the U. S. A; (Union Sindical Argentina) is centered in the question, Amster- dam, Berlin or Moscow? The next congress will decide the question of | affiliation and the papers are full of the pros and cong Amsterdammers almost do not exist. I have yet to see a single article in any Argentinian labor paper in favor of Amsterdam. The tendencies of the U. S, A. are anarcho-syndicalist and the majority of the ‘papers of the country are in Anarchist hands. But the drift to- ward the Red International is so strong, that they are not. advocating affiliation with Berlin, but merely at- tacking Moscow. Moreover, they are prejudiced against Berlin on account of its splitting tactics, being all unit- ed-fronters and bitterly attacking their own “divisionista” Anarchists at home. The Berliners have formed a little labor federation of their own called the F. O, R. A. (Federation Obrera Regional Argentina). The press of the majority unions distinguishes its anarchism from that of the F. 0. R. A. by calling itself the New Anarch- ism (which term is much heard in South America now that the younger anarchist unionists are revising their concepts of organization and struggle in terms of a united, front and class organization rather than individual- ism). To what is left of the F. 0. R, A. they apply the term Quintista, Di- visionista or Purista—the last being the equivalent of the English term “purist.” Consequently, the Anarchists in the U.S. A. in place of advocating Ber- lin, either attack Moscow or confine themselves to advocating a Pan- American relationship in place of an international one. This the Red-In- ternationalists characterize as ““Gom- persism.” es .¢ @ Colombia. When the Colombian’ Tenants’ league boycotted the Theater Colom- bia because it refused to permit them to hold meetings and began picketing the place the: management offered an- ti-labor propaganda films made in the United States. The picket lines in- creased. Then the government, con- sisting of men of wealth, used its po- sition against the Tenants league. The day that the boycott was ex- tended to all the branches of the theatrical company in the entire re- public. and “big demonstrations were planned, the police and military fired on the workers and then invaded the labor headquarters. The women’s committee in Barranquilla went to the governor’s palace to protest. While Maria del Mulato was appeal- ing to the governor to lift the decree against it the Tenants’ union, the mili- tary, in the presence of the governor, attacked the committee of women, driving them out at the end of the bayonet. Maria del Mulato, with a suckling child, is in prison, as is another woman, who headed the committee. Mere membership in the Tenants’ league is now sufficient ‘to merit a jail sentence. For Nicolas Gutarra, one of the league leaders, the order was issued: “Capture N, Gutarra in any form.” ‘ A vigorous protest on the part of the Cuban labor movement is the pre- lude to a storm of La¥yn-Ame: protest against this brutality. Organize Ca Chauffeurs. WASHINGTON, D. .C,, March 10. —A taxicab chauffeurs’ union is be- ing organized here by A. F. of L. organizers. union will take ac- tion to regulate hours and improve wages. * (NOTE—The DAILY WORKER today publishes the second install- ment of the great speech delivered by Gregory Zinoviev to the party conference of the Leningrad Dis- trict. Those of our readers who have read lurid reports of war be- tween communist leaders should follow this discussion closely. It is true that Trotsky had a difference of opinion over questions of party organization with Zinoviev and { others. But the enemies of the Soviet Republic may rest assured that a discussion on tactics will not give them the opehing to rush in their war dogs and lap up the blood of the emancipated Russian work- ers. A further installment will be | published tomorrow). FS ZINOVIEV CONTINUES: | goes without saying that it is a perfectly unavoidable circum- stance that we have been obliged to absorb the best and most mature Communist forces for the purpose of state leadership, and have taken these from the workshops.and fac- itories. We could not have otherwise formed the Red Army, or the eco- nomic, administrative, and Soviet organs. It is perfectly comprehensible that the Party governing the state has to concentrate a considerable portion of its numbers in the state institutions. Despite this it appears to me, com- i tades, that if we adopt a correct at- titude we have well-founded pros- pects of increasing the number of the members in the shops and fac- tories; in. my opinion this is one of our most important tasks. Intensification of Party Work. Another question is that of the in- tensification of Party work, of the intensification of the inner Party democracy. Those comrades who point out that this question was raised at ‘the Tenth Party Congress, and that | the resolutions passed by the Tenth 3,000 KLANSMEN HEAR WOBBLIES | SING SOLIDARITY Harbor City Flooded by Nightie Gang (Bpecial to The Daily Worker) SAN PEDRO, Calif., March 10.— San Pedro was flooded by white gowned klansmen in a nocturnal pa- rade of the hooded order against the | Industrial Workers of the World who shut down the harbor last year and are talking of another strike this spring. se It is estimated that more than 8,000 members of the Koo Koos pers ea in the procession that mo- bili on Harbor Boulevard in their nighties and began’ encircling the town in a snake-like formation, with flaming cross and American flag in the fore. Searchlights. Searchlights swept Liberty Hill where the marine workers usually meet and the klansmen whispered to each other the ferocious things they were ready to do. But, after march- ing round and round the town they finally arrived at the wobbly hall at Twelfth and Centre streets, where they did nothing. They did nothing but. march around the hall while the workers sang Ralph Chaplin’s “Solidarity” from the inside. So the klansmen marched and listened, and—-whether they remembered what happened to their sister organization, the Legion, at Centralia when an illegal raid was made on a union headquarters or not —they went away as they kad come, with thousands of persons who had gathered in the expectation of some- thing happenin,; going away with nothing to entertain them but the spectacle of a pantomime. Hundreds of Autos. The demonstrating Kluxers Whd come to San Pedro from all parts of Southern California in hundreds of automobiles—their ghastly robes leaming as they whizzed thru the jarkness. The Klan has gained greatly in this of California since the big strike for political prisoners last year when this port of Los Angeles was ied up for five weeks, causing a loss several million dollars. Police partly made up for the fail- ure of the Klan to act. They in- n | vaded the headquarters themselves in - absence of the Klan and arrested How man: THE DAILY WORKER. Get one of of your shop-mates read WORK them to subscribe today. Join the “I want to make THE DAILY WORKER grow” club. UNCLE WIGGILY’S TRICKS— Congress have not been fully car. ried out, in some cases not carried out at all, are perfectly right. We put this question in the year 1921, and passed a fairly good reso- lution on the question of inner Party democracy. The reasons why this resolution has not been carried out are substantially objective in nature. Let us cast our memory back to that time. What were the working people of Petrograd interested in at that time? The situation was extraordinarily difficult. The workers were chiefly and above all interested in their morsel of bread. You will doubtless be able to recollect the atmosphere obtaining at that time in a number of other proletarian centers. When passing over to the NEP, we formulated our fresh tasks at the same time, But at that time we could not perform~ them, for the working class was divided and de- classed, and the subject which occu- pied every workman all and every day, and which hung like a leaden weight about his neck, was the ques- tion of the potato ration. We are now putting the question under much more favorable circum- stances. The fundamental difference in conditions lies in the fact that the declassing process in the working class has ceased. The -proletariat, which melted, split, and became declassed during the first years of the revolution, 1s now beginning to gather together again to a compact mass. This is the cardinal circumstance changing the situation, Benefitted by Political Experience. ‘The samé workmen who have been pulling in different directions all these years, are now coming into our works and factories, and bring- ing with ‘them the political exper- ience garnered and increased during these years. They have shared with us the first successes won on the eco- nomic field. These successes, com- Frisco Workers Will Celebrate Paris Commune (Special to The Daily Worker) SAN FRANCISCO, March 10—The Paris Commune. will be celebrated |Saturday night at 225 Valencia | street with music, dancing and an ‘address by Marvin Sanford of the ‘Young Workers League. Friday the | 14th a mass meeting will be held for | the starving German workers at Cali- | fornia Hall, Polk and Turk streets. Independence for the Philippines | will be demanded at a mass meeting {at California Feall. Jack Carney, editor of Labor Unity, will preside and the speakers will be: Abdon Llorente, Philippine Commercial at- tache; Gabriel Q. Arellano, editor of the Philippine Independent News of Salinas, former secretary of the. Fili- pino Laborers Union of Hawaii and James H. Dolsen, district organizer of the Workers Party. May 30 Convention Asked by Oregon Farmer-Labor Party (Special to The Daily Worker) PORTLAND, Ore., March 10.—The Farmer-Labor party of Oregon was formally launched at a meeting at 455 Alder street here and declares that it will work in conjunction with the national farmer-labor movements that demand 'a May 30 convention, Organizers will cover the state and expect to organize a powerful 1924 campaign. Otto Newman was chosen state chairman; Franklin L. Rusmisel, secretary-treasurer; A. L. Knarnopp, vice-chairman and state organizer, The state executive committee was elected as follows: Otto Newman, ) Franklin L. Rusmisel, A. L, Kar- nopp, and P. L. Turner. Temporary headquarters have been opened at 455 Alder street. Ice Cream Bosses. Surrender to All Union’s Demands (By The Federated Press) NEW YORK, March 10,—The lock- out in the confectionery workers’ trade here has been settled after a three weeks’ struggle, the employers surrendering completely to the un- ion’s demands. Actually, only the ice cream cone makers were involy- ed, tho they received the unstinted support of the Amalgamated Food Workers. The settlement establishes the union shop, replaces the unlimit- ed working week with the 48-! week, and provides for a wage in. crease from $35 to $40 weekly, The agreement can be terminated by either party and is not valid for any fixed period. Its importance lies in the failure of the employers’ cam- paign for the open shop. A LAUGH THE DAILY WORKER ngrad rades, ate still very small—we need not deceive ourselves, but they are dear to us for the very reason that they are the “very first” ones. The feeling that we have gained our first economic success ig seizing the broad masses of the conscien- tious non-partisan workers. A whole- some atmosphere of production is to be felt, which was not the case be« fore, but which was necessary if all our talk on the development of the Party was not based upon sand. Bad or good—wages have been ratsed, the productivity of work has increas- ed, and discipline in production has improved. ~ | I stated that the failure to put the resolutions of 1921 into actual prac- tice had been mainly caused by ob- jective obstacles. But there were subjective reasons too, dependent on us and our organization. These sub- jective reasons are to be classified in two groups. one of these is the mechanical nature of our organiza- tion. It was very difficult for us to get underway, to run on new lines from war Communism to the new epoch. The other group of causes is ex- plained by our inadequate cultural level—this is one of the fundamental causes confronting us at every step of the way. There exists a cer¥ain minimum of political schooling, of political learning capacity, of political and general culture, without which many of the best resolutions are con- demned to hang fire. Bolshevism and Workers’ Democracy I ha ready stated, at the func- tionari meeting, that Bolshevism has not always held its present atti- tude in the question of the workers’ democracy. There was a-time when Bolshevism, in view of the objective conditions obtaining in our country, expressed itself in opposition to a broad degree of adherence to the principle of election within the Party. There was such a period up to the revolution of 1905. Communists It was in a great measure along these lines that our split with the Mensheviki ran, The Mensheviki fol. lowed the demagogic line of “democ- racy” and “election” even under cir- custances rendering adherence to these principles impossible. I should like to remind you of an article written by Comrade Lenin, entitled: “We Do Not Get Fat on the Song of the Nightingale.” The reason why I refer ‘to this article is as follows: It dealt with an occurrence in January, 1905, in the midst of the struggle between the Mensheviki and the Bolsheviki. The Mensheviki accused the Bolshe- viki, and especially Comrade Lenin, of being opposed to democracy with- in the Party, of not wanting to allow the workers to hold leading positions in the Party, of being Jacobins, con- spirators, exaggerated centralists, ete. At that time a pamphlet ap- peared on “The Tasks of the Party,” written by a Menshevist, a workman, who signed himself as a “workman.” Menshevist Viewpoint. Paul Axelrod, one of the oldest leaders of the Menshevism, wrote the preface to this pamphlet, thus im. parting a tremendous significance to it. The Menshevist worker maintain- ed in this brochure that the Men- sheviki promise much with regard to democracy, but do nothing to realize it—they also permit the intelligenzia to reign in the Party. Comrade Lenin replied with the ar. ticle entitled: “We Do Not Get Fat on the Song of the Nightingale,” in which he observed: “You sce that even your workman Menshevist says that we will not be robbed of with out the principles of election at mere phrases, and that if you are in favor of democracy, you must really go over to an electoral system, to systematic regulation of accounts, ete. But it is impossible to carry present.” COMMUNISM 1s SPREADING IN ERIN, SAYS LAD Splendid Propaganda Done in Prison Camps That Communist propaganda is spreading thru Ireland in spite of all obstacles is revealed in a letter from | young Irish Communist who has | just passed his fifteenth birthday, to his uncle here in Chicago. There were approximately fifteen thousand radicals and republicans in Trish Free State prisons until the re- cent reléases took place. There are still about 5,000 locked up. The Communist Party which was obliged to liquidate since this letter was written was severely hit by the arrests, many of the most militant members being incarcerated. The letter follows: 150 North Strand Road, Dublin, Irefand. Dear Uncie:—Most of the Com- munist prisoners have been released. During their imprisonment they did fine propaganda work among their fel- low prisoners and internees, by deliv- ering lectures and distributing litera- ture, so that there is not the least doubt that the gospel of communism and working class freedom will be carried by hundreds of exprisoners to the remotest corner of Ireland. The Communist Party has lost many of its members, and owing to lack of funds it has been forced to suspend its paper, The Workers’ Re- public. Larkin has conducted a great fight against the Labor Party but he did not as yet (nor is it expected that he will) define once and for all his attitude toward Communism, or the different political parties of Ire- land. There is oe ® word spoken about the food shiv of the money col- lected for it at all. ae The Hunger Strike—as I am ‘si¥2 you know from the papers—proved a great failure due to the low morale of the people. Larkin proclaimed a general strikes a protest against a continued detention of the hunger strikers, but due to the fact that he did not have control over the machin- ery of the trades unions which are in the hands of the reformists and So- cial Democrats the strike did not come off. I will send you a few back numbers of the Workers’ Republic in a week's time. If you have not already done so, buy and read THE IRISH PEOPLE, an excellent magazine published in Chicago to which Liam O'Flaherty contributes. PATRICK BRESLIN, How Me of Hered shop-mates read THE DAILY WORKER. Get one of them to subscribe today. FOR THE CHILDREN Hillquit Labelled ‘Red’ No Longer by Headline Writers By SHERMAN BOWMAN (Special to The Daily Worker) DETROIT, March 10.—All confu- sion as to “Who Are the Reds ” has disappeared, said Robert Minor, speaking to a large audience at the Labor Forum under the auspices of the Workers’ Educational Association. “We can all remember when, a few years ago,” he went on, “the word ‘Red’ was applied to any one of an assortment that ranged from the polite, philosophic readers of the works of Bakunin all the way around the circle again to Morris Hillquit. But today when a capitalist newspa- per head writer, over a story dealing with street fighting in Berlin, for example, refers to ‘Reds,’ he means Communists, {fhe ‘Reds’ today are the Communists everywhere. Control of the United States gov- ernment by the oil interests began 40 years ago, according to evidence Minor gave, when agents of oil in- terests began nominating presidents and buying their way to power thru increasingly extensive contributions to the campaign chests of the Repub- lican and Democratic parties. Cleveland Communists Announce Series of LecturesonLenin CLEVELAND, Ohio.—The English (East Side) Branch of the Workers Party, announced that it has prepared a course of six lectures on “the his- tory of the Russian Communist Par- ty and the role of Lenin in the Com- munist Movement,” to be delivered by Comrade John Brahtin at Swedish Hall, 1467 Addison Rd. near Wade Park avenue side entrance. The lectures will be held on 2nd and 4th Thursday of each month on the following dates: March 13—The Populist Movement in Russia. March 27—Formation of the Rus- sian Social-Democratic Party. April 10—The Convention of 1903 —The beginning of Menshevism and Bolshevism. pril 24—The Revolution of 1905 and its consequences, May 8—The World War and the ascendency of the Bolsheviks. May 22—Nikolai Lenin—The Man and his work. Comrade Brahtin has made a study of the Russian Communist Movement and his lectures will be a treat to all those who will attend. Lectures start at 8 p.m. Admission free, Australian Unions Move to Revise Court Fixed Wage (By The Federated Press) MELBOURNE, Australia, March 10.—Action is to be taken in the near future by the big unions thruout Australia to secure a_ revision of the basic wage by the federal arbi- tration court. Union officials point out that dis- satisfaction regarding the exjsting basic wage dates back to 1907 when it was determined, It is contended that th jount was fixed too low at that e. Due regard, it is con- sidered, was not paid to casual work and the probability of stoppages ow- ing to weather conditions, t is also argued that the basic wage fixed by the court provides for a bare existence only, and does not constitute a reasonable living wage. Should the appeal of the unions be successful, it will mean a revision of practically every arbitration court judgment, affecting almost every worker on the Australian continent. The Land fer the Users! | ing the expense of a funeral. to let the darned disease knock you out more or less painfully than suffer agony at the hands of a practitioner, which may only be a snappier introduction to the gravedigger. Dr. Ernest A. Codman of Boston, declared that hospital records showed that “legs are amputated where they should not have been” and probably when they should not have been. He also stated that patients have died on the operating table “without the operating surgeon knowing for a cer- tainty whether they should live or die.” This is by no means encouraging to prospective patrons of the oper- ating room. young man who went to a_ hospital in Boston to have a serious opera- tion performed. The disease was diagnosed and the doctor who made the diagnosis agreed to perform the operation. But imagine the patient’s surprise when, after he was strapped to the operating table, the sald sur. geon looked at him with thoughtful surprise and rather brusquely asked “What are you here for?” Osteopaths, chiropractors and other “radicals” engaged in the lucrative calling of healing the wounded with- out pain, may take some comfort from the preceding remarks, But wait. A man disappointed with the ef- forts of surgeons to relieve him of bodily ills hied forth to one who offered health in return for a modest financial consideration and a loyal, unquestioning belief. He entered a well rigged office, was received cor- dially and before he had time to say “Jack Robinson” he was thrown on a stretcher and severely pummelled by two husky “doctors” who took turns at the exercise. They seemed to have a special grudge against the victim’s neck, which they twisted violently, placing one knee against the patient’s back while the head was slowly turned so that the owner could see straight behind him. The “doctors” were not entirely successful however, but they were persistent and succeeded in cracking the neck in two places. This appeared to give them much satisfaction and filled them with new hope. Perhaps the durned neck would be more accommodating next day! Then the spine was attacked, the ribs pummeled and the shoulder blades assaulted vigorously. The groans of the sufferer fell on deaf ears. Science could not be disturbed. Feeling somewhat groggy, after this experience the patient was hus- tled into another chamber where he was introduced to the mysteries of what looked like a radio machine. The “doctor” proceeded to tune up and the victim did not know whether he was in a beauty parlor or Stat- tion R. I. P. ready to send forth his death song to a waiting world. For the latter treatment, however, the patient says a kind word. It is not very painful—immediately. Its after effects however, were by no means painless. He was assured the “reactions” would destroy the mali- cious germs under the skin, but it almost destroyed the germs’ meal ticket as well. So far as the patient knows the germs are still doing busi- ness at the old stand. The patient was almost as per. sistent as the doctors. He was un- der the impression when a child that the most obnoxious medicine was the best, that only a suffering sinner could enter the kingdom of heaven in short that the value of anything could be measured in proportion to the pain its possession caused. On the same principle he believed that only doctors who hurt were worth bothering with. He returned for another trial, Since then he has been in bed hover- ing between life and death. The neck which registered the first ef- forts almost succumbed to the sec- ond attempt. As a result of the “adjustment” of certain parts of the central column of his neck, sound sometimes misses its way and wan- ders aimlessly around seeking egress thru the nasal and ear tubes, before finally stumbling into the regular channel, It is sad. What are we to do about it? The business of tinkering with human bodies is a paying one. Sick people will insist on getting cured, nder this capitalist system even the work of looking after the health of the people—a most sacred duty — is looked at from the cold eye of profit rather than from the point of view of the welfare of the people. And in spite of attempts of honest doc- tors to remedy this situation, igno- rant doctors and unscrupulous quacks with new cure-alls will be inflicted on humanity until the profit is taken out of medical science. Russ-Roumanian Confab. VIENNA, March 10.—The confer- ence between Russia and Roumania is announced to begin here shortly, The discussions, which are expected to result in diplomatic recognition on the part of the two governments, will deal with both economic and political oblems including the dispute over ssarabia, which fell to Roumania as a part of the spoils of war. M. Krestinsky, Russian minister in Ber- lin, has been appointed by Moscow as its chief spokesman. IMPEACH COOLIDGE! Doctor Says Ignorant Surgeons Amputate Limbs Where They Should Not Have Been: Writer Agrees When doctors meet in convention their potential victims are liable to get a few tips that may be the means of cheating the undertaker of several honest dollars—or at least postpon- The writer knows of a | Page Five After reading reports of speeches delivered at the congress of medical education and licensure recently held in the Congress Hotel, Chicago, one hesitates to decide whether it is not better ‘DROP IN WAGES, JOBS DECREASE, BUREAU REPORT Average Pay of U. S. Factory Slave $25.63 By LELAND OLDS (Federated Press Industrial Editor) A drop of 4% in average weekly earnings within a _ single month coupled with the continued spread of unemployment are features in the January report of the U. S. depart- ment of labor covering employment in 7849 manufacturing establish- ments, .The report shows that the average weekly pay of an American factory worker in January amounted to only $25.63, an amount insufficient to provide a normal family with the bare necessities of life. The decline in the average pay en- velope brings it to a level only 544% above that of January, 1923. Dur- ing the same period the cost of living, according to the conservative Na- tional Industrial Conference jboard, advanced approximately 4.1%. So the purchasing power of wages has increased only 144% in the course of 12 months which have been de- seribed as unexampled prosperity. Annual reports of corporations show- ing profits running from $5 up to more than $40 a share of common stock show who takes the cream of prosperity. Wages Below Living Cost Level. Wages of millions of workers in January were below the level re- quired to meet the year’s increase in living costs. Some wages gained on prices but others remained at a standstill or eyen decreased, More than 40% of the wage earners cover- ed by the report could purchase no more in January, 1924, than they could in January, 1923, while nearly 80% could purchase less. The un- equal gains in the case of workers in 16 important industries are shown in the following table which shows aver- age weekly earnings for January of each year: 1928 1924 Slaughtering and meat Cotton manufacture. .. 17.26 18,32 Hosiery and knit goods 16.85 17.89 Wool manufacture .,. 22.37 28.12 Men’s cape sesesee 26.50 26.60 Women’s clothing . 29.75 29.18 Tron and steel ....... 2740 29.18 Foundries and machine shops... «- 27.66 20.12 Sawmills . . 18.20 19,90 Boots and shoes , » 2284 22.76 Paper and pulp ...... 24.92 26.29 Printing (newspaper). 35.34 86.56 Petroleum . .». +» 31.42 8141 Automobile . . +. 28.24 28.21 Car building an pair 26.06 26.82 Electric machinery, etc. 24.79 28.64 The report shows that manufactur- ing establishments have reduced their forces by 5% since June, 1023. Notable decreases during the last month are shows as follows: Meat packing 2.6%, confectionery 13%, baking 2.1%, cotton manufacture 2.4%, dyeing and finishing textiles 3%, foundries and machine shops 5%; saw mills 3.3%, furniture fac- tories 3.1%, brick yards 6.5%, glass works 5.8%, car building and repair- ing 5.3%, and rubber footwear 6%. While increases of importance be- tween December and January occur- red as follows: Men’s clothing 6.4%, women’s clothing 10.1%, iron and steel 2.8%, automobile 4.7%, and agricultural implements 3.8%. nemployment Increasing, Many of these changes in working force were in part seasonal. But comparison with January, 1923, fig- ures shows the extent to which the upward movement of a year ago in many industries has been reversed. Thus the textile industry shows a material reduction over a ‘year ago in nearly every branch with 5% % fewer workers in cotton, 3.5% fewer in hosiery and knit goods, 4.2% fewer in silk, 4% fewer in wool, 19% fewer in dyeing and Snliiog textiles, 2.1%, fewer in men’s clothing, 5.4% fewer in the manufacture of shirts and collars and 5.4% fewer in women’s clothing. Foundries and machine shops are employing 10.3% fewer workers than a year ago while other industries show the following reductions in force since January, 1923: stove makers 13.5%, leather, boots and shoes 8.1%, glass works 4.2%, rail- .road car building 14%, automobile tires 16.8%, and shipbuilding 18.2%. A few industries snow expansion in working force, particularly the automobile industry with 26.3% more employes than in January, 1928, and the manufacture of electrical mach- inery and appliances with 11.5% more workers than a year ago. Other ins of importance are 4.5% in rick, 9.7% in newspaper printing, 6.9% in book and job printing, 4.1% in saw mills and 42% in ‘the iron and steel industry. The Land for the Users! For information conce Young Workers League ica, address Y. W. L., State St., Chicago, Ill. the ‘a os