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——} Page Six THE DAILY WORKER. Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO., 1640 N. Halsted St., Chicago, Ill. (Phone: Lincoln 7680.) SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail: 36.00 per year $3.50. .6 months $2.00..3 months By mail (in Chicago only): $8.00 per year $4.50..6 months $2.50. .8 months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER 1640 N. Halsted Street J. LOUIS ENGDAHL \ WILLIAM F. DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB. ie Entered as second-class mail Sept. 21, 1923 at the Post- Office at Chicago, Ill., under the act of March 8, 1879. ep 10 Why Daugherty Sticks Time brings many changes and we find now staid and conservative senators making ex- actly the same charges against Attorney-Gen- eral Daugherty that the Communists and other working class elements made many months ago. Senator Robinson on the floor of the senate, has accused Daugherty of sticking in office in order to use the machinery of the department of justice, under the efficient management of William J. Burns, for protecting the oil crooks and hampering and terrorizing those senators who are demanding a show-down. No intelli- gent person reading the news stories of Daugh- erty’s antics can come to any other conclusion than that reached by the Arkansas senator. There is more than oil graft involved in the attitude of the attorney-general. (The real danger to him and his backers is in the resolu- tion calling«for an investigation of private de- tective agencies, introduced by Senator Wheeler of Montana. With Daugherty out of office a change would doubtless be made in the executive of the bureau of investigation, the post now held by William J. Burns, and we know just enough about this labor-baiter to feel reasonably cer- tain that once the records of the bureau of in- vestigation and of the department of justice meet the light of day a sensation will result that will drive the Teapot Dome scandal off the front-page of every newspaper in America. The department of justice has been at the disposal of every labor-hating corporation be- fore and since Daugherty took office. William J. Burns operates the largest pri- vate detective agency in the United States; it is today an auxiliary of the department of jus- tice and so intricately interlocked with this wing of the government that it is impossible to tell where the private agency ends and the government department begins. It is the most gigantic blackmail system ever ronized and its connection with the depart- ‘of~justice gives it a semi-official char- acter. Its machinations prevented the impeach- ment proceedings brought against Daugherty in the house ever being seriously considered. It is unquestionable that the same methods will be»used to squash the threatened investi- gation if Daugherty remains in office. It is not too much to say that Daugherty is today holding the threat of public exposure and poliical ruin over the head of more than one government official and that the support of him by the president, certain senators and the national chairman of the republican party is a support obtained by fear. In all the hidden cesspools of (Washington society and political life the ferret-like nose of William J. Burns has been sniffing ever since he was appointed. The darker incidéfits in the lives of all the Sunday supplement heroes are known to the attorney-general. No one who knows him will believe that he will hesitate to use the knowledge that is his unless immunity is promised. The Wheeler resolution, if complied with, will wreck more political careers and give the Chicago, Mlinois oe neveenceres Editors .Business Manager Advertising rates on application. . American workers more insight into the inner workings of the government than ali the oil scandals. It is little wonder, that with this sword of Damocles hanging over his head the moment he leaves office the attorney-general wants to stick it out.* He is afraid to quit and a lot of other people are afraid to have him quit. Two Tribune Mishaps The Mexican government has given the cor- respondent of the Chicago Tribune his walk- ‘ing papers for deliberately lying about Mexi- can affairs. A short time ago the correspond- ent of the Tribune was denied admission to Russia for the same kind of slander. There is little Qoubt that the “World’s Greatest Newspaper” will consider these two rebukes as merely further proof that the Rus- sian and Mexican workers and peasants are entirely unable to appreciate the blessings of American newspaper enterprise and American democracy that the Tribune wishes to confer upon them. Saturday evening the Tribune carried a story from its correspondent under a Berlin date-line announcing that a gigantic white slave ring had been uncovered in Europe of which Zinoviey’s mistress was the head. The Tribune’s correspondent in E] Paso will in due course, discover that President Obregon is the Mexican representative of this same concern. When it comes to news of events that never happeyed, the Tribune is certainly the world’s greatest newspaper. Vice-President Duncan of the American Federation of Labor, says that McAdoo is a ” "“No wine but plenty of oil” seems to be the THE DAILY WORKER Bread and Profits _ Many have often asked why it is that the right to breathe nature’s free air has not yet been turned into a commodity and monopol- ized by some capitalist clique to sell at ex- orbitant prices. A condition approaching such an outright levying of capitalist tribute on the workers for the right to breathe even impure air already exists in the deploraBle housing situation pre- vailing in the industrial centers. Here the landlord class charges outrageous rentals for So many and so few cubic feet of air. How- ever, we suppose that not-until someone invents a machine which will be too costly for the average worker or farmer to purchase, will the capitalist class be able to organize gigantic bread trusts and turn the right to breathe air into a commodity exchanged on the market and bringing fabulous profits into the coffers of the owning class, At any rate, let no one fool himself into the erroneous notion that it is the fundamental unselfishness and humanitarianism of the capi- talist class that has saved the masses from the clutches of a powerful air monopoly. Bread is the staff of life. Yet the profits of bread are being piled up by our employing class thru its ownership and control @f the bread- making industry. The gigantic profits in bread garnered by the capitalists give the lie to all pleas of idealism that the kept apologists might make for the master class. The masses of this country are paying more than a million dollars too much for bread daily, as a “result of the outrageous profiteer- ing”—that is because the capitalists are taking profits above the so-called normal and fair rate. At the same time the wheat farmers are down and out in the slough of a most dis- tressing economic crisis. Since 1917 the price of wheat has fallen 55 per cent, or to about 90 cents a bushel, while the price of bread has declined only about 5 per cent. In short, the price received by the farmer for his wheat has been reduced more than ten times as much as the price paid by the city workers in purchas- ing their bread from the capitalists owning this industry. It is only the system permitting the capitalists to hit the city and country masses simultaneously that has enabled one of the big baking companies to achieve a condition whereby $1 invested in*its common stock in 1916 represents today a market price of $309, These bread profits are only the congealed misery and suffering of the bankrupt farmers and the exploited workers. These profits in bread teach the workers and farmers a great lesson. These profits are the stern school- master telling the industrial and rural working masses that they must get together against their common enemy—the capitalist clas: if they are to save themselves from abject so¢ial degradation. Our Urgent Duty | Flushed with their victory in the imperialist war and enraged to the point of desperation by the rising tide of Communism menacing their chimeric schemes of oppression jand plunder, our capitalist exploiters enacted a raft of syndicalist and anarchy laws in 1919 to stiffle even the faintest voice of working class protest. In preparation for the frontal country-wide attack on the workers, thru the open shop drive of 1920-21, the bosses first struck at the weakest section of the proletar- ian lines. Thus, hundreds of foreign-born workers were thrown into jail. In this period | the country was afflicted with a mania of laws suppressing anti-capitalist opinion and organ- ization. Today, there are thirty-four states and four territories or dependencies wit! |criminal syndicalist laws, sedition laws, or anti-anarchy statutes. Twenty-nine states have enacted laws making it a crime to exhibit the | red flag in public. Twenty of these states and territories have, under these laws, resorted to criminal persecutions for expression of opin- ion or for membership in a working class or- ganization. _ At this moment there are 114 workers serv- ing from one to twenty years in the prisons of seven states. California, the political satrapy of the fake progressive Hiram Johnson, tops the shameful list with 97 prisoners. Washing- ton, Idaho, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma, Kansas and Illinois trail. Thirty-five workers are now awaiting trial in California, thirty-two in Michi- gan, fourteen in Idaho, and twelve in Penn- sylvania, a state governed by another fraudu- lent liberal, Gifford Pinchot. The Communists and the Industrial Workers of the World have ord the worst sufferers from these persecu- ions. “Oh, happy earth! Out of the blood of generations Life yet will blossom, innocent and wise, And thou, my planet, shall be cleansed of lamentations, _. A jade-green star in the moon- silvered skies.” , HUS wrote the Soviet Minister of Education, Anatol Lunach- arsky, in those remote days when a revolution was only a vague goal and when he could not believe that in his own lifetime a day would come when he would be torn from his quiet study and forced to put his dreams into prac- tice, or as near into practice as dreams ever reach. Reality is revolting and disap- pointing to any artist, but Luna- charsky possesses enough recuper- ative powers to overcome his ar- tistic sensitiveness. If he had not had enough also of that saving grace of fanaticism which marks all leaders, he would have lacked the enthusiasm which hag carried him thru every battle for culture which he has tad to wage since the dramatic crash of Czardom. Only once did he actually lose heart and Lenin overcame that attack of panic by showering responsibility upon him. Given responsibility he showed more courage than men of coarser grain. Lunacharsky’s battles in. the five years he has been in office have not been concerned with bul- lets. “Illiteracy,” he told me once, “ig the great curse of Russia; we must fight illiteracy like the plague. This delicate poet, who in appearance is more like a scholarly Frenchman than a Russian, who ips the manners and elegance of nother age, has left off compos- to fight ignorance, superstition, drunkenness, preju- dice, disease, dirt... . And he has been more bitterly attacked than any other official of the new Rus- sian government. 3 y With practically nothing at his disposal he had to plan and execute a vast educational campaign. That is why his achievements are so extraordinary. When Feodore Chaliapin was here last winter, winning the hearts of America by his sweet and wonderful voice, he and T talked a good deal about Lunacharsky and the difficulties which confronted him, “Remember, said Chaliapin, “if you have no pens and no paper and no ink, you cannot write; if you have no wood you cannot make a fire—in Russia all these things were literally true. Under such circumstances, no mat- ter how willing the government might be, art and education must suffer with the rest.” Eliminated Illiteracy. m I will not go into figures here, but one can get an idea of what Lunacharsky has done. He has practically eliminated adult illit- eracy from the cities, he has es- tablished thousands of schools. Only a very few of them, to be sure, are up to the required mark, but every school opened is an achievement. And there is not a single part of Russia, however, re- mote or however dark, where a school has not been started. But establishing and maintain- ing schools and universities was only a part of tha work allotted to Lunachareky. He had to build new theaters, keep up the standard of the old and show himself worthy of that great responsibility Lenin bestowed upon him when he made him guardian of all the art treas- ures of Russia. If. Nikolai Lenin haa been a mediocrity, he would never have appointed Lunacharsky guardian of the art of Russia, and Russian art would now be scattered to the four winds, swallowed up in pri- {vate collections or enriching the jockets of speculators. A medioc- ‘ity will not admit his limitations ven if he is aware of them, but venin somehoW understands that a an cannot spend his life studying litical economy and carrying on volutionary propaganda, and at the same time be an art connois- seur, What is more remarkable is that he allowed Lunacharsky to tell him so. % When the Red and White forces were struggling for the possession of the Kremlin in 1917, a wire to Petrograd announced that the beautiful and fantastic church of Vassili Blazhinie on the Square had been razed to the ing sonnets This is an outrageous state of affairs. Every worker knows that these laws have been used by the bosses and their government to disable the fearless fighters and the most militant or- ganizations of the working class. As long as a single one of these criminal anarchy and syn- dicalist laws remains on the statute books of any state, the freedom of opinion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to organize of the workers and dispossessed farmers in the entire country are in danger. These laws are a dagger at the very heart of the whole labor movement. ‘Let none hesitate. It is the urgent duty of all those who work in the factory or on the farm, regardless of political opinion, to join in one mighty united effort to wipe> all these vicious laws against the working masses off the statute books. The official wing of the British Labor party and the Tories unite on a vote for seven new battleships. The groans heard are from Oscar Garrison Villard, editor of The Nation, who hailed MacDonald as the first pacifist premier. McAdoo says his million dollar oil fee was no secret. It is to be remarked, however, that >Re not used in any of his campaign publi-| city. ground. Lunacharsky, poet, schol- ar, playwright and revolutionist, as well as friend and follower of Lenin, wrote an open letter to the press in which he gave vent to his horror, He stated: “What is taking place in Moscow is a hor- rible and irreparable misfortune!” He wrote another letter to Lenin, renouncing all connection with the revolution. And he took to his bed, ill with shock and disappointment. Lenin did not accept his resigna- tion. Lenin never accepts resigna- tions from men who are valuable to the state. Instead, he went to call on Lunacharsky, and an amaz- ing conversation took place which was reported to me by a friend of both men. Preserves Art Works. Lenin, with his usual directness, said to Lunacharsky, “Do not be overcome by this calamity. If this church is destroyed, let us biuld a bigger and a better one.” Lunacharsky, in tears of an- guish, explained to Lenin that such a thing was not possible; such a lovely, imaginative piece of archi- tecture might never again be cre- ated, Lenin listened < went thoughtfully away. <A few days ter Lunacharsky was of the entire art of Up to that time, the collections, as well as the build- ings, had been in the hands of a revolutionary committee which also might very well have been of the opinion that art could be replaced by “bigger and better” things. Lunacharsky did not take his task lightly, He issued another public declaration asking for the solemn ‘co-operation of all loyal Russians. “Upon me rests the re- sponsibility of protecting the en- tire artistic wealth of the people,” he said, “and I cannot fulfill my duty without your help.” It will not be known for a long time against what strong and subtle forces he had to battle to guard that trust. There was movement after movement to sell such treasures as the Rembrandt Collection in the Hermitage at Petrograd or the historic paint- ings and tapestries in Moscow. But Lunacharsky, ever on the alert, de- feated every one of these at- tempts. He often fought bitterly battles in his own party. Every possible sort of intrigue was manu- factured against him. I remember times when he had to appear in public and defend himself against atrocious slander. Yet up to the present day he has saved ahso- lutely everything except the pearls and diamonds of the royal ‘family which, after all, were never of any particular artistic value, He saved oven the Czarist statues from the mobs that would have destroyed them, and stored them away in buildings for a calmer mo- ment. He never lost his artistic Perspective, art was always art and he “could look with a just regard upon the shattered corpse of a shattered king” provided that the monument was executed by a talented artist. Fights False Accusations. Nikolai Lenin has the genius to read mén well; he recognized in- stantly that a man who could’ be so affected by the rumored loss of a single historic building that he could scarcely bear to face life, would be the very man to defend passionately the art of the na- tion. And Lenin has continued to defend Lunacharsky against every charge brought by his enemies, These charges have often been ser- ious because they were brought by revolutionists who claimed that Lunacharsky was partial to the bourgeoisie in his efforts to get extra rates for scientists and art- ists; that he was not a real Com- munist because he put art before political propaganda. There was a terrible period when the loyalty of all men was questioned whose alle- fiance was not wholly given to the defense from military attack at whatever cost to art or personal life. It was thru that period that Lunacharsky had to guide Rus- sian culture, “Think what vitality the theater had to possess,” said Chaliapin, “to maintain itself thru the revoh- tion.” “Think what hunger the Russian masses had for learning,” said Madame Lenin, “that they could grasp even this hard moment to learn to read and study.” Both these assertions are true, but in spite of that hunger and that vital- ity both forces might have gone down for some years, had it not been for the splendid leadership of Lunacharsky. Even those ardent revolutionists who could see no further than the immediate moment are beginning to realize that the very fact that the Soviets have kept intact their national art gives them a prestige which money could never buy; it is. an indisputable evidence of their faith in civilization. And it is Lunacharsky who has managed to save for them this evidence of faith when hotheads would have cast it aside. It always seems a pity that we are aware now of only the promi- nent political figures in Russia. If we can think back on the French guillotine days and the burning of libraries, the mad destruction of art, the sacking of palaces by angry mobs, we can understand that if there had- been men in France in those days who could have held those mobs in check and made them want to read the books they were burning, made them turn the palaces into museums, Napoleon might never have worn a crown. In Russia the influence of the men who hold the political reins would be so much slighter and so much less significant if they were not backed up by men like Lunacharsky. Creates Revolutionary Museum. He had the art galleries heated in the most bitter of the fuel fam- ine days and the immense crowds going in partly to keep warm strolled all day under historical canvases and came to know all the great nictures of Russia, The Winter Palace became a Revolu- tionary Museum, one of the most uniove museums in the whole world, the Palace of Nichdlas i at Tsarkoe Selo became a Chil- dren’s Home, as «did every creat. estate in the provinces threatened with destruction by quarreling” peasants. It is interesting to note that the wives of three prominent revo- lutionists rendered —Lunarchsky valuable aid in his difficult work, the wife of Trotsky, the wife of nd the wife of Leo Kam- v. Madame Trotsky has under her direction all private art collections and all the small palaces; she hands a monthly inventory of these places over to Lunachareky, In the last dncity er she has been systematically removing the most i , collections | Femort Pager ioyad f 'Lunacharsky-World’s Greatest Educator By Louise Bryant, in “Mirrors of Moscow,” Publisher, Thomas Seltzer. | ter, is the head of Prolocult, a movement, which aims at a new culture, especially in. the theatre, which is free from Greek or other influences. It is ‘Madame Kamin- ev’s theory that such ’a culture, springing from the workers and peasants and unspoiled by the im- perfections and influences of for- mer civilizations, will do much to stimulate and renew art in gen- eral, which she believes has be- come decadent. Marie Andreeva (Madame Gor- ky), who is herself an actress of note and was at one time a star in the famous Art Theatre in Mos- cow, had charge of Narodny Dom, a@ people’s theatre, which was started under the Tsar and is con- tinued under the Soviets, Marie Andreeva recently made a tour of Europe to study the theatres, Theatres Maintained. But it is Stanislavsky, the di- rector of the Moscow Art Theatre, who has rendered Lunacharsky the greatest assistance. Stanitlavsky is conceded to be the greatest stage director in the world. Under his guidance, all the great Rus- sian playwrights for the last gen- eration have blossomed. It was Stanislav’s firm conviction that the Russian people must maintain the theatres, hundreds of theatres, dur- ing the ‘revolution, in order that they might not find a life of hun- ger and cold too monotonous for a desire to live. With his brave little company he has managed to keep his theatre in the capital at the very highest pitch. He estab- lished and kept under his direction three other theatres in‘ Moscow and he has ‘put on a number of new operas. Absolutely nothing seems to discourage him. The loss of his personal fortune, which had been very great, and even the loss of his beloved workshop which was turned into a Chauffeurs’ Club did not destroy his calm. “It is never Lenin or Lunacharsky, big men, who are to blame for these mistakes of the Soviet Govern- ment,” he told me. “It is always the little, foolish frantic men. When they took my workshop, I wrote to Lenin. He did every- thing he could and when he was outvoted by Kaminev and the Mos- cow Soviet, he managed to get me another place, really just as good but lacking the old atmo- sphere.” Hermitage ‘Collection Preserved. When the Germans were knock- ing at the gates of Petrograd in 1917 the historic tapestries in the Winter Palace and the entire Her- mitage collection were sent by dead of night to Moscow and stored in the Kremlin. One day in the win- ter of 1921 I called at Lunach- arsky’s office. He was in a fine state of happiness. “I have great news for you,” he exclaimed. “To- day we sent the Hermitage collec- tion back to Petrograd— intact! I wonder if you can realize what that means? I wonder if the world will know how nearly those pre- cious things came to destruction? How wonderful it is, after all, that in another month one can go to Petrograd and behold everything arranged as it has been for cen- turies. “Yes, there have been times when I did not think it possible to save the collection, not because there were reckless revolutionists who always brought up movements to seli one part or another, but by a much worse destruction. Can you imagine my anxiety when fighting, actual fighting, was going on in palaces where the old porce- lains were stored? We had put the Rembrandts and other canvases in the Kremlin cellars, and I was in constant terror that rats would gnaw them. Sometimes I was afraid to go down and look, But I feel that the worst days of such struggles are over for us. I am happy. that Russia has demonstra- ted to the world that Russians are not ,barbarians. We have saved our art in spite of hunger and dis- ease and death.” A Devout Revolutionist. Lunacharsky “has a rare grace AS WE SEE IT By T, J. O'FLAHERTY. getting his second wind in order to explain another million dollar Doheny fee contingent on his suc- cess in overthrowing the Mexican government, Barney Baruch, a friend of the Wilson family, expressed doubts as to the “availability” of Mr. McAdoo. By the way this word “availability” promises to become as famous as either “accountability,” “camouflage” or “normalcy.” The first two can be claimed by the demo- crats as the outstanding achievements of the Wilson administration, but no political thief can take away the credit for normalcy from the late President Harding. Baruch is some- what shaken in his confidence in Mr. McAdoo -but. he has not yet heard the Crown Prince over the radio. It is reported “Mac” throws a wick- ed ether wave. * JST 28 William Gibbs McAdoo ys 5 ; Chee J You can’t keep a good man down. Clarence Saunders of Piggly Wiggly fame owes several million dollars but so does the British government. There is no reason why Saunders should quit getting rich merely be- cause he is bankrupt. Saunders started out in life with an idea, That was to organize a chain of self- service stores. Just walk in and help yourself, not forgetting to pay the cashier on the way out. It is just like going into a cafeteria. A fel- low never knows what he is doing until he sees the check. Sometimes he doesn’t see afterwards. He faints. In spite of the casualties the Saun- ders idea made good. Clarence got rich and then went broke. However, he has a million dollar home, he is not in jail and he remembers what Barnum knew. So he is going to start again. Everything pays under capitalism but working for a boss. se 8 @ Paul Williams, London correspond- ent of the Chicago Tribune, we fear is another candidate for deportation. The Tribune boys are daring rascals. They lie just for the thrill. Russia kicks them out because of chronic and incurable prevarication. Mexico does the same. Pretty soon a Tri- bune correspondent will not be an insurance risk. The London repre- sentative of the World’s greatest liar is under instructions to send in all the lies fit to print about Rus- sia. “Bring them in dead or alive” are his instructions. He does. Leon Trotsky is again getting ready to march on Moscow. ‘The liars are undecided whether it will please the master liar on the Tribune better to assassinate Trotsky. have him die of heart trouble, get him mixed up in an oil scandal, or merely march on Moscow and invite the Kaiser to mount the Romanoff throne. At the present time they have him organ- izing the Cossacks in the Don Basin for a march on the Kremlin. This must be true because “it was con- firmed here (London) in Russian cir- cles in continuous secret communica- tions with friends in the home land.” In the meantime European govern- ments are stevping on each other’s heels recognizing this government whose minister of war is in insur- rection against it! How is that for capitalist lying? And yet some lib- eral sapheads say the communists are not concerned with facts as much as. with propaganda. Donald Fischer, a molder, serving with the 35th infantry and stationed on the Mexican border, went absent without leave on his twenty-first birthday, walked into Mexico, swiped two pies and then ealled it a day. He was courtmartialed and drew ten years in Leavenworth, That was about the time Fall, Denby and the rest of them were busv disposing of the Teapot Dome. The theft of two vieces of pie wounded the honor of the United States to such an ex- tent that the poor, victim must expf- ate his crime with ten of the best years of his life. What would hap- pen to him if he stole an oil field? He undoubtedly would be offered a seat in the cabinet, That was not the end. Fisher, while in the penitentiary was among a crowd that got mixed -up in a scrap. A guard eame along and of spirit and while he is himself | grabbed Fischer. The latter pushed a modernist and wants to bring art as close to the neople as bread, he never allowed his own feelings to intrude on the feelings of his fellow artists. Himself a writer of rote, he has sacrificed his own, | te: writing to save art and the cre- ators of art. A devout revolu- tionist, he can allow the intricate [to turn these men loose. desieng of the Teardom, the great black eaves. insolent against the thi ard away, saying, “Let go bey a yon fool; I am not in this figh' The guard fell, hit his head arainst a sharp corner ane died. Fischer is now serving a life sen- = for murder. This is military justi@® The capitalist press is now interceding with the war department pipet sr hted capitalists know that a great es ay taueritint is growing sky over' the turrets of the Krem- | agains: the government among the lin, to remain, because they sre | men who fought in the la part of the orieinal deriens of the olf pataces. He can brine him- ‘ war and less the blame is placed on some individual, then the whole system self to regild the church roofs from | will be blamed for it by the veter- hic cearty funds altho he is not at all religious, and he could faith- fully gather old ikons and make of them a marvelous little collec- tion in,one of the new musenms, Only such a man could have held {DAILY WORKER grow” club. together the temperamental army composed of the artists of Ruscia, Such men as Lunecharsky rive the revolution the balance which pre- vents its collapse. Periods of transition are alwavs bitter and more than bitter for del- jeate creative sou's, Once I men- tioned Lynarcharskv’s tact in han dling artists to Helena Soorha- chova, the woung and beautiful star of the Moseow Art Thentre, She smiled and thus characterized him: “Ah, Lunacharaky,” she said, “he in a great rentleman, he is, no doubt, the great gentleman of the revolution, That is the secret of his success and the reason his volitical enemies cannot defent. bi and we artists cannot desert hi een an wa struggles so mar- ,f man sans peur * it will not be so easy to att pol Ptiottes the front for Morgan and Rockefeller again. Join the “I want to make THE [