The Daily Alaska empire Newspaper, June 4, 1946, Page 1

“ALL THE NEWS ALL THE TIME” THE DAILY ALASKA EMPIRE VOL. LXVIL, NO. 10,288 -fi—_—;—:——-——_— RITIME STRIKE MAY B . 100, OTHERS BRANDED AS "ASSASSINS” Japanese War Criminals Called Common Felons as Trial Opens, Toyko — TOKYO, June 4.—War-starting Hijdekl Tojo and 25 other deposed; today werei Japanese militarists branded “assassins” who ruled the “most treacherous and perfidious nation” of all time and who sought to dominate the world. Chief prosecutor Joseph B. Keen- an_ made the charges in a 15,000~ word dpening statement at their war erimes trial before a 10-judge international military tribunal. Keenan said that ever since 1904, when Japan sprang a syrprise at- tack on Russia at Port Arthur .that the entire world realized such action “as intolerable.” 4 JUNEAU, ALASKA, TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 1946 MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS PRICE TEN CENTS FALL LAST WEEK PROVES FATALTO "BILL" RUDOLPH Volunteer Fireman Re- mained Unconscious [ from Skull Fracture All Juneau was saddened with the news of the death last evening at St. Ann's Hospital of Hugh C. (Bill) Rudolph, wellknown and re- spected young business man and a member of the Juneau Volunteer Fire Department. He succumbed to the effects of a fall suffered while fighting a fire Tuesday night, one week ago. Rudolph, who was born in Val- in 1926, and had made this his {home since that time. He was mar- Iried in September 1933 to Miss Mungie Larsen of Petersburg, who survives him. The deceased was a member of {the Moose Lodge in Sitka and the |Elks Lodge of Juneau, as well as a |Juneau Volunteer ~ Fireman for Imany years. After serving with the dez Dec. 28, 1909, came to Juneau| SAVINGS BOND EFFORT STARTS HERE JUNE SIX 6. E Cleveland Is ABA Chairman for Alaska | Drive G. E. Cleveland of the First Na- BEVIN WARNS REDS NOT TO MISS PEACE PRESS' RIGHT TO CRITICIZE | IS SUSTAINED Supreme fie&h Upholds { Paper's Action Against | | | | \ [ | Britain’s Foreign Secrefary | Declares Russia Must | | 2 tios Bank, American Bank Asso- Flo"da COUI’f [ Dea' Ffee|y ciatin Treasury Savings Bond| —_ | |Chaltiman for Alaska, announced WASHINGTON, June 4 —By| LONDON, June 4.—Foreign Sec-|today that a special sales effort of| unanimous action, the Supremerctary Ernest Bevin addressed a bo will begin throughout Alaska Court has thrown out a contempt sonviction of the Miami . Herald and its associate editor, John D. Pennekamp, and written four opin- jons upholding a newspaper’s. right |warning appeal to Russia todayon June 6, to continue through| I'that “if you value peace above all, July 4 | do not miss it. It may never come} ‘The campaign is built around nl | six-ppint program, Cleveland said, | {whieh is as follows: | again.” | The blunt diplomat, opening a I to criticize a court. [ foreign policy debate in the House| 1—To combat inflation by urging Justice Reed delivered the High of Commons, declared that per- | Aldskans to save for bond invest- Tribunal’s 7 to 0 decision. Justice | manent peace in Europe can be;m instead of bidding up prices| Jackson did not participate. Jus-!guaranteed “only if Russia entersllor soarce goods with their sur-| tices Frankfurter, Murphy andf freely into the - European settle-|plus cash. Hutledge wrote concurring opin- | ment.” | 2—To keep the Savings Bond in- ions. ! He appeaicd i iue United States!vestment total around its present| | The paper and editor were con-|iy remain undaunted by the Rus-f‘sfl,m.%()‘l)l)(! peak while money is| victed in the Dade County, Fla. sian rejection of Secretary of |plentiful and goods scarce in o x| circuit court because of the pub-|gtate Byrnes' proposal for a 25-|der to hold a reserve of spending lication of two editorials and & year treaty to keep Germany and |power for new homes, equipment| The florid American Prosecutor ;g "~ ot Guard for two and described the defendants as “COM-|,n. paif years during the war, he mon felons who deserve and Will\y,4 yetymed to Juneau and start- receive the punishment for ages .4 5 merchants' delivery service. meted out in every land t0 mur-\ p, 44gition to his widow, Rudolph derers, brigands, pirates and PIUR-|yq survived by his parents, Mr. and derers.” !Mrs. C. C. Rudolph, Seattle; three He said that Pearl Harbor, HONg|gjsters, Mrs. George Benson, Seattle; Kong and Mukden “are all part nrs james Lynch, Los Angeles, and of one grand pattern, and the s George Strixner, Whittier, vice of it consisted in the exh‘bi~_‘cau£; and three brothers, Thomas, | tion of utter contempt for the 1ives|of Juneau; Kenneth, Port Angeles, of blameless and helpless indiv-\wash, and Clarence, California. iduals all over the world.” Tojo and the other defendants, sitting in the brightly-lighted pri- soners’ dock, listened intently throuygh headphones to a transla- tion of Keenan’s.COALBES: ... - Keenan, noted for fughts of or- atory, delivered the entire 15,000~ word statement in quiet tones. Af- ter he finished, court recessed un- til June 13 to permit defense coun- sel more time to prepare its case. - e Master of Fishing Boat Is in Cusfody PORT ANGELES, June 4—Pend- ing further action in a case in-| stituted by the Portland, Ore, Fed-. eral Bureau of Investigation Office, U S: Marshal S. Baskin took into custody the master of the fishing| boat Gloria West yesterday, and , removed him to Seattle. Earlier yesteraay, the FBI said the vessel left Rortland May 23 in violation of arrest papers, and Clif- ford McCroskey, 46, the master, would be returned to Portland to; face a charge of taking the vessel to Victoria, B. C., and attempting to change its registry. The arrest papers had been serv- ed in connection with Federal court lawsuits. The W ashington Merry - Go-Round By DREW PEARSON vwdnique example of Drew n’s long-range news fore- ocasting occurred last week mhien ' Congressman Thomas Burch of Virginia was appoint- .ed to replace the late Semator “Carter Glass. A full three years ‘betore, in his column of June 9, 1943, Pearson stated cate- gorically that Representative Burch would be appointed Glass’s successor. Jncidentally, Pearson also gave his readers a clear indica- tion two months ago that Ed- ward Stettinius was on the way out as U. S. delegate to the United Nations, On March 26, he, gave the background of +Stettinius’ troubles with Seec- retary Byrnes and reported that State Department officials “hoped that Stettinius would ease himself out of the United Nations picture.” \ WASHINGTON — 'Immediately after President Truman delivered his strong anti-labor message to Congress, Henry Wallace walked Funeral arrangements will be an- nounced later from the Charles W. Carter Mortuary, pending werd from ithe relatives in the States. COOK INLET ~ DISPUTE IS | | Agreement Is Reached on Salmon Prices—Fisher- men Coming North | . SEATTLE, June 4. — Fishermen have returned to their work after a complete settlement of the dis- | pute between CIO salmon fisher- men at Cook Inlet, Alaska and the Alaska Salmon Industry Inc., was | veached, Oscar Anderson, union business agent said last night. The dispute involved a large number of prices on salmon. More than 1,000 Bristol Bay fishermen who had backed up the Cook In- Jet membership, sailed from Seattle I yesterday for the fishing area. (EDITOR MEYER IS GIVEN HIGH POST WASHINGTON, June 4—Eugene Meyer, 70, editor and publisher of the Washington Post, today was elected president of the 38-nation {International Bank. Meyer was elected by the 12 di- rectors of the world institution. His ichaice had become a foregone con- jclusion when he was nominated by the United States because of its role as chief contributor of funds for the bank’s operations. The position would give Meyer a dominant role in making disposi- tion of the bank’s $7,500,000,000 as- sets in the reconstruction of indus- try in war-trampled nations and for the development of industrially- lagging countries. COASTAL AIRLINES IN, OUT YESTERDAY Alaska Coastal Airlines flew the following to Sitka yesterday: W. K. Gorton, Bud Phelps, H. S. Finch, H. S. Hill, Mildred Judd, Katherine Elle, J. Knudsen, Charles Sands, R. Kohns, G. Logen, T. Laughlin, Ed Edvin, J. S. Chaney, C. B. An- dersen, P. J. Garvin, L. Nast. From Sitka: Chris Whittemore, - ALL SETTLED :artoon. The county court charged | they interfered with the admim:-i tration of justice. The Herald was fined $1,000 and Pennekamp $250. They appealed to the Supreme Court after the Flor- da Supreme Court upheld the.con- victions. i Counsel for the Herald and Pennekamp contended the paper | merely criticized legal procedures; in trying to eliminate gambling and other objectionable conditions in the county. H Justice Reed said that any “dan-{ ger” to a fair administration of justice as shown in the record of this case “has not the clearness |and immediacy necessary to close the door of permissible public com- ment.” “When that door is closed,” Reed‘l said, “it closes all doors behind; 1. Justice Murphy said that if (he% court were to sanction the judg- ment of the Florida Supreme Court | “we would be approving in effect an unwarranted restriction upon | | the freedom of the press.” .- — | ALASKA HIGHWAY - NOT YET SET 10 SERVE TOURISTS PORTLAND, QOre, June 4—Mrs.| ?Allred West, who says she is the | first woman to drive 200 miles over Ithe Alcan Highway, reported yes-| terday that trading posts along thej route are reluctant to serve v,rnvel-i ers. | She arrived here last night—21 days after leaving Fairbanks, “The public is not encouraged be- cause establishments along the route {and even cities like Fairbanks are {not prepared for tourists,” she said, ! |explaining that posts were contract- | |ed to serve stage employees and overnment officials. ‘However, the{ |scenery along the Canadian high-| way is magnificent . . . When it opens it will be one of the roads| most traveled by tourists.” Mrs. West, whose husband is| working at the, Point Barrow pro- | ject, said she traveled at akout 85 miles an hour on the graveled 1500-mile stretch from Fairbanks to Grand Prairie. The dirt high- way from Grand Prairie to Edmon- ton gave her no trouble, she add- ed. Her trip was delayed nipe days at Whitehorse Canada, by a broken bridge. The Wests plan to make their home here. —————— RESTAURANTS AT KETCHIKAN HAVE CLOSED BUSINESS KETCHIKAN, Alaska, June 4— Ketchikan restaurants and cafes were nearly all closed teday in a wage dispute. Owners said they were unable to meet demands of the AFL-Culin-| ary Workers Union for this scale: Cooks, $14 a day, compared with the present' $12; waitresses, $8, compared with $6 to $6.50; and dishwashers, $9.50, compared with Restaurant employees have ! | | | jBut unbalanced judgment will be| rough 'PERON SWORN IN Japan disarmed. \for better living and to provide a; o i way | backlog of financial security for all| Bevin expressea regret that “all| | g s thrifty Americans. It is not the through Russian speeches and : 5 st o writings” runs the “idea that theiODfegk of the program to \increase| | Russian methods alone represent the public debt. | i democracy and that certain other| 3—To foster the national thrift systems are either Fascist or habit millions have acquired through| c‘rypto-Fascist.“ |the patriotic buying of War Bonds. " PG R | 4—To carry on the payroll sav- ings plan at the request of 80 per- cent of the 27,000,000 wage and salary earners who invested regu-| |larly in bonds during the war. | | 5<To establish a thrift and na-| hxonfl{ finance educational program | {in the scheols for the 25,000,000 pu- | pils q‘o in 1946 were regularly buy-| |ing _Savings Stamps and Bonds. | ! "6=10 keep ownership of the wb-; (lie debt spread among as many | Americans as possible so that the| iinterest may go to them rather |than to a comparatively few banks| S‘nnd corporate or individual invest-! R Criticism of War Secrefary Makesi= ‘ . i Poinfed Talk fo West L | Point Graduates iBi I I Ski" ' WEST POINT, N. Y., June 4—! Secretary of War Patterson today . . 1 deplored the criticism being heap-| leen Flne | ed on the Army for its conduct of '] | World War II, but attributed it t,o’ | another of the nation’s “chronic postwar periods of censure.” ! Sus nde The War Department chief made his comments in addressing the| | graduating class of the United! s | States Military Academy, and he, CHICAGO, June 4. — Clarence| told its members to be proud they | Rowland, President of the Pncmci were now assuming a part in the' Coast League, announced today leadership of the American Army. |that he had fined Manager Bill That army, he reminded them,! Skiff of the Seattle Club $50 and won in Africa, Europe and the Pac-| suspended him indefinitely “for ific, yet he noted “sharp criticism | unwarranted actions toward umpire of everything the army did in wag-| Monte Heard” during the Oakland- | ing war is the fashion of the day,|Seattle game on May 30. | most of the criticism coming from| Rowland said that in protesting individuMs who never served and a decision on a close play at home had no notion of serving. | piate, Skiff “resorted to the use of | “This form of sport will pass. viclent, profane language ; and tactics, during which he formed unless account is taken of|hooted the umpire with his knee.”| the fact that the prime purpose of The dispute, Rowland said, fol- the Armed Forces is to win without|jowed Heard’s decision that first! excessive loss of life.” | paseman Torgerson of Seattle was | put out in the seventh inning when | the score was tied, 2 to 2. ! AR T S A | i }(annery Executives . Drown af Egegik as AS PRESIDENT OF ARGENTINE STATE ‘BUENOS AIRES, June 4—Juan| 2 Domingo Peron .was inaugurated as| Ihelr Boa' (apsiles Argentina’s 29th President today. I The 50-year-old Army officer to0k| gpapprE June 4—When their| the oath of office before a '""meaL capsized in the Egegik River{ session of the Chamber and S¢h-)yjqy 30, Roland H. Corbett and his| BU8; QEPIHONS| 1 | hrother Robert, Alaska cannery ex-| “By. Cod Sud caunlyy, swear| cutives, were drowned, family | ! dent Truman today faced the ex-| ATC MANAGER SAYS SUBSIDY UNNECESSARY I | Increased Traffic Volume Will Reduce Alaska Shipping Costs SEATTLE, June from hearings in Washington the Maritime Commission, Merchant Marine committee and| House Fisheries Committee, S. J. Swanson, Alaska Transportation Co. general manager, expressed to interviewers today his belief that! government subsidies are unneces-| sary for Alaska shipping. “The transportation of all Army and Navy passengers and freight,| beginning July 1, will aid us mater- jally because increased volume is a substantial factor in reducing costs,” he asserted. “But, we are asking the govern- ment to adopt a forthright Amerl-' can policy to foster and promote private American shipping to and from Alaska. We're asking for en-| couragement and preservation of| collective bargaining with the un-j ions and the use of exces other routes during the of! Swanson said shipping men also hoped the Maritime Commission would construct passenger ships for| the Alaska trade and sell them un-! der the terms of the Ship Sales| Act. They also ask removal of the| December 31 deadline for trading| older vessels in on newer types. They ask a ban on sales to foreign interests of vessele suitable for the Alaska trade. 5 ———e— 4.—Returned by House | i | SUCCESSOR FOR | STETTINIUS JOB | PUZZLES TRUMAN Post Most Important With- | in Gift of Nation Says President WASHINGTON, June 4.—Presi- | acting task of finding a new Unll-l ed States representative to the United Nations. He once described the post as one of the highest' and most im- portant within the gift of the na- tion, and it was with obvious re- luctance that he accepted the re-| signation of Edward R. Stettinius, | Jr., late yesterday. Charlies D. Ross, the White | ! House Press Secretary, said today no specially heavy total vote in | that Mr. Truman is giving much ' today’s elections, with the pattern thought to the selection of a suc-| cessor. Asked at a news conference | if he would be named shortly, Ross replied, “I hope $0.” | However, when a reporter asked if Mr. Truman has anyone in mind | for the post, Rcss said he did not know. | e | STETTINIUS OUT NEW YORK, June 4—Edward| | R. Stettinius, Jr., today turned over [the only real interest in an other-{and also to line the job of Chief United States Re-| presentative to the United Na- tions to Herschel V. Johnson, who? had’ served as his deputy. Johnson will sit with the Secur-| ity Council when it takes up the! report on Franco Spain. { Stettinius, whose resignation was accepted yesterday by President fruman, sdid he had no plans and | would leave within' a few days to| rest at his home in Rapidan, Va.' RIS 2 0 | attempt SEATTLE RECEIVES REPRESENTATIVES FROM 18 NATIONS Conclave Will Strive fo { Bring World Maritime | Pay to Par with U.S. SEATTLE, June 4. — The first large group of delegates and tech- nical advisors to the International Maritime conference numbering 125, arrived in Seattle late last night on a special train from Washington, D. €. The representatives from 18 na- tions will join the hundreds of others, many of them already in Seattle, in the caucusing and or- ganization details which are slat- ed to precede formal opening of the conference at the Civic Audi- torium here Thursday morning. Early Intimations that the three to four-week conclave will develop into a battle among nations for maritime supremacy, as well as to bring the pay and working conditions of seamen throughout the world up to stand- E AVERTED UNIONS CLAIM READINESS T0 (LIP DEMANDS :Conciliators Take First Look af Problems Af- fecting Pacific Coast WASHINGTON, June 4.—Princi- pal seagoing unions involved in the threatened maritime strike said to- day they are willing to make furth- er concessions in wage and hour | demands to avert the tie-up set for June 15. Willingness to modify demands was expressed by both Joseph Cur- ran, President of the CIO National Maritime Union, and by Vincent J, Malcne, head of the Pacific Coast Marine Firemen's Union. Government negotiations at the Labor Department turned for the first time to a discussion of the Pacific Coast problem. Federal conciliators met with Ma- | 1 ! | voiced hopes, however, that “much |thelr turns at selecting candidates ards more closely approaching jone and J. B. Bryant, President of those of the United States Wfl'e'the Pacific Ama:lcan' Shipowners confirmed as newsmen (nterviewed,Assoclnuon, and Gregory Harrison, the delegates aboard the specialithe Association’s general counsel. train, !Malone said afterwards the meeting Maitland Pennington, U. S. dele- was a “pretty good session” and he gate representing ship owners op- intends to present a compromise erating under the American flag,|package of his union's demands at and Dan W. Tracy, Labor Rela- another meeting tomorrow morning. dons Counselor for the Interna-| Navy Gets Ready tional Labor Organization, and for. mer Assistant Secretary of Labor,| The developments in the negotia- ‘nons followed closely the Navy's p. announcements of plans to “go in" (f a strike materializes. As the Navy started mobilizing run the merchant fleet if nec- essary, Joseph Curran told report- good will come from the confe! ence.” H Another train with 45 staff| - members from ILO headquarters in, Montreal, Canada, is scheduled to! o ) 8. that,.8 ipromise 43-hour :::x:fix;mm ot 7. 3. thb! week osal ‘ “i§ ‘our latest but 4 jnot. our last offer.” Curran s President of the CIO's National {Maritime Union. He did not elaborate, but an- other spokesman for the union gave this follow-up explanation: “We're prepared to avert a strike, we don't want a strike. We're willing to compromise and sign a satisfact- lory agreement. The point is what is satisfactory.” . uring Today enana’ Originally the union asked a 40- hour week at sea instead of the present 56 hours, demanding that (BT Sw AMOUIAEE: BONS) {each ship carry ten relief workers. Five more states marked pr(mury!mpmyers said this would be an ballots today, as Towa tallied up the uincuonortable burden” making it heavy majority which won Gov. impossible for American ships to Robert D. Blue the Republican compete with foreign lines. The new noENtion, for, govetibr, offer cuts the relief crew to 8, but Alabama, California, New Jersey, still leaves a wide gap between the New Mexico and California ®0ok junion and employer positions. Federal conciliators are pushing for the November elections, withlfor settlement of the NMU's de- CIO-PAC activity figuring in lhreefmandg, hoping this would set a pat- of the states campaigns. tern for the six other unions wrap- Advance indications pointed to'ped up in the committee for mari- time unity (CMU). | "The conciiftionsanteppuos feok s in most contests generally following i first peek into the demands of that of an off year. Gubernatorial|west coast seamen today behind or congressional nominations, or|closed doors, with no result immed- both, are at stake in today’s ballot- |iately reported. Meanwhile, the ing. government took: preparatory steps In Iowa, Blue turned back handily ito run the nation’s 3,100 merchant vesterday the bid of George Olm-lships if the mid-June deadline sted, wartime Brigadier General, o goes by without settlement. replace him as the GOP standard| Naval stations were ordered to bearer for governor. comb their personnel for men with The Blue-Olmsted fight provided |experience in the merchant marine, up volunteers wise unusually quiet campaign. Es-{amonx discharged navy men, timates placed the vote at about 20 percent of maximum. The setup included: PARIS, June 4—A Union spokes- Alabama iman predicted today that Prench It is Lt. Gov. Handy Ellis versus jlongshoremen would refuse to load James E. Folsom, an insurance man,'any U. S. Army-manned ships sent in a run-off contest for the Demo- 'to replace strike-bound vessels if cratic gubernatorial nomination,| American merchant seaman struck equivalent to election. CIO-PAC|June 15. has backed Folsom, and Ellis made| Louls Saillant, secretary-general its intervention in the campaign his of the World Federation of Trade principal issue. Folsom countered ' Uuions, said the WFTU had sent 5 States Vole At Primaries | l | French Threat faithfully to fill the office of Pres- ident and if I fail, God and coun-| try can judge me.” He then drove though heavily guarded streets to the Presidential| offices, where retiring President| Edelmiro Farrell delivered to him the staff of office and the Presi-, dential insignia of a blue and white, ribbon. Peron’s inauguration returned Ar-| gentina to a constitutional form| of government for the first time| since the military revolution three | iriends have been advised. Roland Corbett was President of | Bristol Bay Enterprises, which has a cannery at Egegik. Robert was employed at the cannery. STOCK QUOTATIONS NEW YORK, June 4.—Closing quotatioh of Alaska Juneau mine stock today is 87%, Alleghany Cor- | poration 6%, American Can 99, |seek such support and that it con- |stitutes no issue. Californic The Democratic U. S. Senate con- test monopolizes the spotlight. Two candidates for the nomination have the approval of the state CIO-PAC. There are few other outstanding | contests. Suit Broughf fo Block Navy Ships Use in Afomic Test WASHINGTON, June 4.—James New Jersey J. Regan, Jr.,, a Philadelphia law-' The headliner is a ding-dong with assertions that he did not| out notices asking its national sec- |tions to decide on “measures of (solidarity” among Europe’s seafar- ing nations toward the strike. He cited the French case as an example of the responses he expected. | ANCHORAGE BOND yer, has filed a taxpayer's suit!pattle for the Republican guberna- | Anaconda 48%, Commonwealth and | Southern 5%, Curtiss-Wright 8%, | International Harvester 100%, Ken- | necott 58%, New York Central 26%, Northern Pacific 32%, United years ago. A series of military governments have ruled since that time. In an interview on the eve of his seeking to block the use of Naval, vessels in the Bikini atom bomb tests, scheduled for about July 1. Regan, in an action filed in dis- | trict court, contends the destruc- ISSUE_APPROVED June 4.-—The torial nomination, with- former Gov. Harold G. Hoffman opposingi WASHINGTON, |Alfred E. Driscoll, State Alcoholic House Territories Committee recom- Beverage Control Commissioner. | mended tcday passage of a bill to into his office, found a bevy of|Henry O. Behrends, Helen Sully, | $6.50. accession to the highest office in Hoffman, just out of uniform, hnsi.uuwflu Anchorage, Alaska to issue assistants waving prepared state- ments in his face, urging him to take issue with his boss on labor. This meant, of course, Wallace's (Continued on Page Four) Mrs. S. W. Williamson, Mrs. William Thomas, Mr. and Mrs, Charles Daniels; from Todd: Ingvald Pet- ersen; from Chatham: L. H. Mc- ‘Whorter; to Chatham: Oscar Berg- sett, also been getting three meals daily. the land, Peron said his foreign The owners sald they would re-|policy would entail “jealous and main closed until a new contract|fjym support of our sovereignty” and ‘s negotiated. Only a few cafes inl«cooperation on a basis of equality | corporation 6, U. S. Steel 89%, | Pound $4.08%. | sales.today were 1,210,000 shares. Dow, ‘Jones averages today are the Natives' section remained opened, follows: industrialst 210, rails 2, utilities 43.47, with all the sister nations of thel (South American) continent.” tion of Navy ships is prohibited by law. Defendants include Secretary of Navy Forrestal, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Gen. Dwight D. Eisen- hower, Gen. Carl Spaatz, and Vice Admiral W, H, Blandy. made a point of telling the voters Dricol spent the war in civilian life. RSP AL s L 1$7,500,000 in public Works bonds. ‘The bond issue would be subject 0 approval at a special eiection. It also approved another bill to |t Galileo invented the fever ther- authorize school districts bond is- mometer, sues for school construction.