The Daily Alaska empire Newspaper, May 8, 1945, Page 1

/ e HE DAILY ALASKA EMPIRE “ALL THE NEWS ALL THE TIME” VOL. LXV., NO. 9556 JUNEAU, ALASKA, TUESDAY, MAY 8, 1945 MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS PRICE TEN CENTS TRUMAN PROCLAIMS COMPLETE VICTORY Reinforcements To Be Sent To Pacific GAINS ARE STEADY ON ALLFRONTS Japanese Worry About Russian as Resulf of V-E Report } By Leonard Milliman | (Associated Press War Correspondent) | With the promise of huge rein- | forcements in men and material | from Europe, Allied ground forces reported slow but steady gains on every Pacific front today except on erratic China battle grounds. | Allied commanders fighting Japan | generally greeted V-E Day with| quiet satisfaction, while Tokyo's| worries over possible entrance of the Soviet Union into the Pacific | war were heightened. Gen. Jiro Mi- | nami, head of Japan's totalitarian Party, told the Nipponese that de-| feat of Germany left them nothing | “to think about but how to win.”| Tokyo reported Iwo Jima-based Mustang fighters raided the Tokyo | airfield today as about 50 Super-| forts continued neutralizing raids on suicide air bases in southern Japan. Bombers mngmfi down the | China coast and up to Tokyo sank five sizeable Japanesg ships and damaged six others. U. 8. Tenth Army forces made | general advances on Okinawa where where they have killed 36,635 enemy soldiers - since they ifiyaded the stepping stone island 325 miles| south’ of Japan April 1# Allied planes began gperating from the captured 4,600-foot air- BIG3 MEET | NEEDED FOR | EUROPE J0B German Defeat Creates Problems Linked fo Conference Task By John M. Hightower (Associated Press Correspondent) SAN FRANCISCO, May 8.—Sec- retary of State Stettinius said today the end of the war in Europe “has given new urgency to the work of the Conference of United Nations.” In an address prepared for radio delivery, Stettinius said that Ameri- can dead and wounded in the war “have given us one more chance w' build a world order free from war.”| He added: “We remember also that Germany has been defeated only because the: United Nations joined their strength | in the common cause, and that last- ing peace will be possible only if they unite théir strength.” In a radio talk to Canada, Prime Minister MacKenzie King said that| “The end of warfare in Europe le not the end of the war — there is still another enemy. The United Nations have still to bring about the unconditional surrender of Japan.” “Out of the fires of war,” MacKen- zie King said, “The San Francisco| Conference has begun to forge and to fashion a mighty instrument for world security.” SAN FRANCISCO, May 8 — A meeting of President Truman,| Prime Minister Churchill and Pre- mier Stalin is expected by United | GUNS SILENT ON WESTERN FRONTTODAY Victories Eliminate Last Resistance on Rus- NazisWould (KING GEORGE | Not Fight So ISSUES CALL Surrendered TO BRITISH Negotiations for Ending of. War Set in Drab Sur- : Says War ir?urope Is Over Buf Must Yef Deal | rounding in Reims with Japan sian Sector (By Associated Press) By' Marshal ' Yarrow LONDON, May 8—King George| LONDON, May 8—-The guns fell (Associated Press War Correspondent) VI called upon his peoples in a silent on the Western Front to- REIMS, France, May 7—(Delayed | special V-E Day broadcast (mm}m;:m and President Truman and by Censorship—The last straw in Buckingham Palace today to “give | German resistance came when com- thanks to God for a great deuver-} manders could not get German ance,” then turn their thoughts to| All hostilities were ordered ended soldiers to fight, it was disclosed ' the world-wide tasks “which peace|by 6:01 p. m. Eastern War Time. by the German delegates who came in Europe brings with it."” {Tho U. 8. Third Army, it was dis- to Gen. Eisenhower’s advance head-, The ruler of the world’s greatest|closed, had been ordered to hold quarters at Reims today to sign the empire praised Britons for their|its fire at 2 a. m. Eastern War instrument of surrender. ! courage, sacrifices and endurances | Time, yesterday, six hours after The negotiations on the Allied through nearly six years of war,| Germany’s representatives had ac- side were headed by Lt. Gen. Walter | ang urged them to remember that|knowledged their defeat to Gen. Bedell Smith, Gen. Eisenhower's ota] victory has not yet been won. | Eisenhower. Chief of Staff, and, on the German | “Germany, who drove all Europe Russian Triumphs side, by Gen. Gustaf Jodl, Chief jt, war, has been finally over-| FPremier Stalin was yet to pro- of Staff of the German Army. | come,” he said. “In the Far East|claim full victory, but he an- The Supreme Commander him- we have yet to deal with the Japa- nounced two triumphs by his Red self did not see the German dele- 'nese, a determined and cruel foe,|Army virtually eliminating the last gates until the surrender ceremony| “To this we shall turn with the |resistance on the Russian sector. was completed. futmosz resolve and with all our re- | These were the capture of Dresden When he did, he asked the Ger- sources.” mans sternly if they fully under- stood the terms of surrender nnd& Prime Minister Churchill pro- claimed the victory to the world. | choslovakia. The Czech-controlled |radio at Prague said cease-firing ————v——— | orders had gone out there, both to if they were prepared to carry: 1 | them out. They said they were. | llh.v -Germans and Czechoslovak Gen. Jodl snapped to attention | jgfotine: as Gen. Eisenhower laid aside the Churchill announced Russia's gold-topped fountain pen with| which he signed the documents | and said: “I want to say a word.” Into Vietor’s Hands | He spoke in English, but then continued in German, saying: “General, with this signature,| and German armed ! {in Germany, and Olmuetz in Cze-' . PROCLAMATION WASHINGTON, May Following is the text of l’l'usi~! dent Truman’s proclamation on the end of the war in | Europe: By the President of the United States: A PROCLAMATION “The Allied Armies, through sacrifice and devotion and with God’s help, have won from Germany a final and uncon- | |ditional surrender. The western world has been freed of the evil forces which for five years and longer have imprisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon millions of freeborn men. They have violated their churches, destroyed | i their homes, corrupted their children, and murdered their |loved ones. Our armies of liberation have restored freedom suffering peoples, whose spirit and will the oppres- i sors could never enslave. | “Much remains to be done. The victory won in the West imust now be won in the Es The whole world must be ! cleansed of the evil from which half the world has been freed. | United, the peace loving nations have demonstrated in the | West that their arms are stronger by far than the might of | |dictators of the tyranny of military cliques that once called us soft and weak. The power of our peoples to defend them- | | selves against all enemies will be proved in the Pacific as it | I has been proved in Europe. i “For the triumph of spirit and of arms which we have iwon, and for its promises to peoples everywhere who join us | in the love of freedom, it is fitting that we, as a nation, |give thanks to almighty God, who has strengthened us and given us the vietory. i “NOW, THEREFORE, I, Harry S. Truman, President of | I the United States, do hereby appoint Sunday, May 13, 1945, to be a day of prayer. “I call upon the people of the United States, whatever 'their faith, to unit in offering joyful thanks to God for the victory we have won and to pray that he will support us to the end of our present struggle and guide us into the way !of peace. . “I also call upon my countrymen to dedicate this day of | prayer to the memory of those who have given their lives to ! make possible our victory. “IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States of America to be laffixed. “Done at the City of Washington this eighth day of May, {in the year of Our Lord 1945, and of the independence of |the United States of America the 169th. field on Tarakan, bringing every nggions diplomats to be arranged corner of oil-rich Borneo within| i |sooy after V-E Day. their range. Australfan infantry-| “yi 4o pejjeved here that only al men and Dutch Colonials ”me!gnthermg of the “Big Three'— within a mile and & half of com- ', qhap1y" gomewhere in the Euro- pleting their drive across Tarakan island, first step in the recon- quest of Borneo. In the strangest battle in the Philippines, the U. S. Forty-First Division annihilated 800 grounded Japanese airmen trapped on the Zamboanga Peninsula of Mindanao. | They had fled from New Guinea. Weather hampered British and . {(Continued on Page Eight) The Washington Merry - Go-Round By DREW PEARSCN (Lt. Col. Robert 8. Allen mow on sctive service witn the Army. i SAN FRANCISCO—On October 9, 1934, a bomb thrown in the streets of Marseilles killed King Alexander of Jugoslavia and changed the fate of the world. The Jugoslavs blamed the French for not protecting their king, and swerved away from their traditional alliance with France into the German orbit. | The bomb was thrown by a Cro-| ation fanatic carefully trained in a special German sabotage school. Its repercussions started a new European alignment and helped the beginning of an other war. Today, in' San Francisco, security precautions are so shockingly loose that the same thing might easily happen. Foreign delegates have complained about them, but noth- ing ha¢ been done. Meanwhile, the ease with which an outsider can get into the conference unidenti- |other leaders that the conference i to - plunge - the - world - into- another | pean area—can solve some of the urgent problems now arising from the total defeat of Germany and lay the basic plans for restoring civil order and real peace to Europe. These are regarded as problems linked closely to the job, being rushed forward by the United Na- tions Conference, of creating a per- manent organization to maintain peace and security thrqughout the world. The ~immediate impact of the ending of the European war is to! reinforce demands of Secretary Stettinius, Foreign Minister Eden, Russian Commissar Molotov and lose no time in finishing the task. Meanwhile, V-E Day found rank- ing diplomats of the big powers agreed on another big matter in addition to the general security the people forces are, for better or worse, de- | livered into the victor’s hands. | “In this war, which has lasted more than five years, both hnve! achieved and suffered more than | perhaps any other people in the world. In this hour I can only! express the hope that the victor ' will treat them with generosity.” There was no reply to his re-! marks and he left the room. i Strange, Scene It was a strange scene, almost| drab and commonplace in view of but no great influx of returning gaye his assurance that uncondi-! the momentous nature of the oc-| casion. The room at Gen. Eisenhower's| headquarters was in the red! bricked Industrial College of | Reims. Around the walls were war maps on which the Germans could | well see the hopelessness of the military situation. In the center of the room was a | plain uncovered and cracked table. At the head of the table were two | empty chairs. The Germans, except the Admiral system. This is that the powers should take separate but related’ measures to make sure that for the next half century or so Germany will be denied the resources and industrial development necessary war. The big powers have set up ma- chinery for keeping a firm grasp on conference progress by making sure of their own unity on all fu- ture issues. The “Big Four” became the “Big Five” yesterday when Foreign Minister Bidault of France Joined the almost daily sessions in Stettinius’ pex;thmme apartment. The first reported action of the five was to set up a sub-committee of world organization experts to who was in blue, wore grey green uniforms and full decorations. J They used the regular German} military salute, not that of the (Signed) “HARRY S. TRUMAN.” ¢ | today. ¥ oF SER I ES Eisenhower said his victory had not only among all the Allies par- Dot ticipating, but among all the ser-‘f Both Churchill and ’rruman‘w’ """"" summoned their nations to a battle | I aMarshnl Zhukov and other Allied lreprmnmuves were ratifying and - e ‘coufirming the peace at Berlin been magde possible by “teamwork, | vices, land, sea and air.” | to the finish against Japan. All-Star Game Also May Get Go-Ahead-But Lit- fle Other '4§ Change By Jack Hand (Associated Press Sports Writer) Surrender Day means baseball i will play its World Series this fall |4 1 and may reinstate its all-star game, G.I. athletes is to be expected. Of about 500 major leaguers now on the national defense service lists, a majority are believed over- seas, many in the Pacific theatre. War Department estimates are that more than 12 months may be re- quired to return the European armies to this nation, giving little hope for any familiar names re- turning to the 1945 box scores. After three weeks of play, both circuits appear to be in such deli- cate balance that re-appearance of a star player in the lineup of any team could make it a pennant con- tender. The 1944 experience of Dick Wakefield and the Detroit - Tigers | Fight Not Over | Mr. Truman made it clear that| this nation’s fight against aggres- Warning Is FOUR.MILLION sion was not over, that the effort Issued IOda \B“T(HERED AI will, not cease until the Japanese ' | military and naval forces lay down | their arms as Nazi Germany has | From Mos(ow:HORROR (AMP At the same time, Mr. Truman | ! | | 1 | tional surrender ‘“does not mean | By Asssolated Floss) the extermination or enslavement of the Japanese people.” | The Moscow radio warned in a 5 | It means for them, he said, the |broadcast to Germany at 10 a. m.| qn S|augh|er Evidence end of the war, the termination |today (Eastern War Time), that v : of the influence of military leaders isolated units of the German Army at OSWI ecim | “who have brought Japan to the|still fighting against the Red Army present brink of disaster.” “should cease hostilities immedi- | 1 Stick To Post |ately.” The broadcast was recorded MOSCOW, May 8—More than The President called upon every by CBS in New York. 4,000,000 persons were put to death | | American to “stick to his post um.iH “Mw German listeners” the by the Nazis in the “most horrible | the last battle is won,” and added | broadcast said, “Hitler's Germany |crime against the people of Europe” that until that day, “let no man|is destroyed. The Nazi Army is iniat the Oswiecim Concentration abandon his post or slacken his|ruins. The Himmlers, Hitlers and |camp in Poland, an official report efforts.” xGoerings are gone, but the German!or the Extraordinary State Com- people and the German state will|mission declared today. Eisenhower observed: “The vic- |tory bells of Europe are sounding last.” |. (This was the first official So- \ iviet report on the number of per- Soviet Commission Reports | e ! tonight” Nazis. £ ;was proof enough it could happen. | Bare Setting It was a bare setting brightened ! only by the blazing lights used by | The New York' Glants and Chi- |, gpegial communique, said “Allied | cago White Sox were the big SW'-| Expeditionary Forces have been | prises of the new season but the|orqered to cease offensive opera- | ' Japan’s doom.” Supreme Allied Headquarters, in |sons killed at Oswiecim). On April ‘11, Dr. Bela Fabian, President of i the dissolved Hungarian Independ- ent Democratic Party, in an inter- 275 BILLION fied would be laughgble if it /study and report on all amend- the photographers. Each delegate had a pencil and a pad of paper before him. There were china ashtrays at each place, but nobody smoked. 1 The documents had already been | prepared on plain legal forms. ! There were four copies, all in plain | | manila folders, without ribbons, iseals or trimmings. There was an | air of austerity throughout the pro- ceedings. Actual Signing The actual signing was done inter-sectional tests were just be- tions, ‘but will mainiain theif ginning. Chicago polished off some | pregent position until the surren- unfinished business with Cleveland | jor pecomes effective.” today, before opening a series With | Germany’s unconditional capi- the Philadelphia Athletics tomor- tulation to the Western Allles and Toy. _ |Russia was signed at 2:41 a. m, Cincinnati provides the opposi- | prench Time, Monday (8:41 p. m., tion for the Giants tonight at the EWT., Sunday) this communique Polo Grounds. announced. Recently scheduled benefit games' gypreme Headquarters announced for the July 9-11 period, may pre- (he Germans had agreed to: vent any all-star tilt this senson.‘ 1—Order all resistance halted; although Commissioner A. B. 2—Yield all ships and aircraft, WAR COST IN . EUROPE, ASIA | WASHINGTON, May 8—The | Government has spent $275,803,000,« 1000 on this war, as of May 5, the ‘Treasury reported today. | This included both the German and Japanese wars. Cost of other iwars to the United States was given | as follows: {“Happy” Chandler has indicated | yngeuttled and undamaged: Revolutionary—No dependable es- view near Erfurt, Germany, accused the Germans of killing 5,000,000 {Jews at Oswiecim, from which he | himself narrowly escaped. He said | the executions had been carried out over a 10-month period. The committee report said the ‘dcad included citizens of Russia, | Poland, France, Belgium, Holland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary, j Yugoslavia and ‘“other countries” and that they had been Kkilled by { various means, | poison, gas, and cremation. including torture, | weren’t potentially tragic. On one day while 46 top dele-j gates, including the foremost min-| isters of the world, were sitting in secret session at the Veterans'| Building, two newspapermen plus two University of Southern Cali- fornia co-eds made a test of get-! ting into the building without. cre- | dentials, carrying four typewriters.! The four typewriters could have contained 50 pounds of TNT each, totaling 200 pounds. P TWICE UNCHALLENGED The two men and two girls drove in a taxi, not a conference car, through police lines without being stopped, and walked into the Vet- erans’ Building without showing credentials. They walked the entire (Continued on Page Four) ments put forward by the smaller nation delegation. Limits Proposed Many of the smaller nations have proposed changes in the security council which would limit the au- thority of the five powers that would hold permanently five of its eleven seats. But Molotov made it clear at a news conference yes- terday that the big nations look for no such amendments to go through. He described as “noteworthy” the fact that of the 22 amendment unanimously ~ supported by the United States, Russia, China and Britain—which originally drew up the Dumbarton Oaks plan—not one calls for changing the Security the proposed world organization, with two gold-tipped fountain pens|he will try to atrange a new date.. 3_pneure About $70,000,000) The committee stater that Os- which Gen. Eisenhower had kept for the purpose since the campaign in North Africa. His face was expressionless and so were the faces of the American, |status of the war at a winter meet- that nothing it contained limited British, Russian and French Gen- erals who represented the Allies. All had seen German murder ! camps and: all *knew the furious cruelty of German occupying forces. SOUVENIR CENTRAL BRIDGE, N. Y.—Dele- ware and Hudson Rallroad Police | are looking for the “collector” who wreck, Presidents Ford Ffick and Will Harridge: of the majors had can- celled the all-star game and left the world series dependent on the ing with ODT chieftains. STOCK Ou_omlous NEW YORK, May 8. — Closing quotation of Alaska Juneau mine stock today is 6%, American Can 98, Anaconda 34%, Gurtiss-Wright 5%, International Harvester 907%, Ken- necott 38%, New York Central 26, Northern Pacific 27%, U. S. Steel "stole a 75-pound bronze locomotive |68. Sales 1,580,000. bell and its 150-pound wrought iron| Dow, Jones averages today are‘Sumnder laid down by Churchill Council’s role or its position within bracket from the scene of a train |as follows: industrials, 166.40; rails, andithe late President Roosevelt at 56,42; utilities, 30.85, compliance with all timate available. { | futrher orders from the Allied Su- paid in pensions. | wiecim surpassed anything hereto- | |preme Commander and the Soviet | war of 1812—No exact figures fore disclosed as perpetrated by the | High Command. available. Unofficial estimate $133,-! Nazis against the people of Europe. The surrender document specified | 700,000. | Medical experts and scientists Mexican War~No exact figures from France, Poland, Czechoslo- | | or restricted any terms which might | available. Unofficial estimate $166,-| vakia and Yugosldvia purucnpma} |later be imposed on the Reich. 000,000. lw“h the Russians in the inquiry, | “In the event the ,German High| Civil War—In excess of $15,000,- | conducted during February and | Command or any of the forcesiooo.ooo. including pensions. March. their control fails to act| War with Spain—In excess of The report was made on the in accordance with this act of {$2,000,000,000, including pensions. |found the most extensively and el- | surrender,” it warned, “the Su-{ World War I—To June 30, 1921, who escaped from the horror camp preme Commander . . . and the|$25,720,000000. Continuing costs,and from captured Germans and {Soviet High Command will take|such as pensions, interest, etc., from|documents. Other evidence included | !such punitive or other action as|1921 to June 30, 1934, have been!crematory stowes and gas chambers. they deem appropriate.” |$16,036,000000. Total to June 30,/ A5 part of the camp's routine; Thus was effected the uncom-|1944, was $41,654,000,000. | German doctors had carried out promising dictate of unconditional e T | systematic experiments on living Kathryn Dunn, of Concrete,| men, women and children, which Washington, is a guest at the: b PRESIDENT DESIGNATES PRAYERDAY Truman Tells of War End in Europe - No Mention Made of V-E Day WASHINGTON, May 8 — Presi- dent Harry 8. Truman proclaimed the complete and unconditional victory in Europe at 9 a. m. (EWT) this morning. Standing before the microphone in the Oval Room of the White House, the President made the of- ficial announcement of the victory in Europe. The President carefully avoided any use of the popular term “V-E Day” and White House sources later made it clear that for the United Stated no formal V-E Day was proclaimed, Day Of Prayer Instead, the President—in keep- ing with his announced wish that the Europear victory should not be made the occasfon for unre- strained celebration—he set aside next Sunday as “a day of prayer.” This will be 13, Mother’s Day. The, President annoynced that he wanted all people to join in this observance. ' “S And Heartache” In rejoicing over victory, the abides in the hopes of thousands of Americans. # 'S “This is a solemn but a glorious hour,” he declared. “Gen. Eisen- hower informs me the forces of Germany have surrendered to the United Nations and the Flag of Freedom is flying over Europe. “For this victory we join in offer- ing our thanks to the Providence - which has guided and sustained us through the dark dayg of adver- sity.” Blows To Continue The President also said “our blows will cantinue until the Japa- nese lay down their arms in un- conditional surrender.” Thus was brought to a close the titanic struggle which cost Ameri- can armed forces 132,000 lives and more than 550,000 other casualties in three years, four months and seven days of fighting against the Axis in the European and Medl- terranean theatres. CHURCHILL'S STATEMENT In London, Prime Minister Win- ston Churchill, proclaiming the victory in Europe, said the uncon- ditional surrender of Germany “will be ratified and confirmed in Berlin and that hostilities will cease one minute after midnight, British time. This will be 6:01 p. m. (EWT). “Today,” Churehill said, “this agreement - will be ratified and confirmed at Berlin, where Alr | Chief Marshal Tedder, Deputy Su- preme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force, and Gen. Tassigny, will sign on behalf of Gen. Eisenhower. : “Japan, with all her treachery and greed,” he declared, “remains unsubdued. The injury she has in- flicted on the United States and other countries and her detestable cruelties call for justice and retri- bution. “We must now devote all our strength and resources to the com- pletion of our task both at home {and abroad.” - Churchill closed his historic mes- sage with these words: “Advance Britannia! the cause of Freedom! the King!” Long - live God Save KENNEDY WAS RIGHT Churchill also announced the Germans had signed the uncon- ditiohal surrender of all their land, sea and air forces in Europe at 2:41 a. m. yesterday (European time). This officially bears out yesterday's dispatch of Edward Kennedy of the Associated Press, who said the German capitulation occurred at Gen. Eisenhower's headquarters at Reims at 2:41 a. m. Monday. Casablanca, Baranof Hotel. | (Continued on Page Twa) J (Continued on Page Two)