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THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1881I—TWENTY PA GES. Ae Se FOREIGN. A Tremendous Gale Blowing at London Late: Last Night. Distress of the Liberals at the Failure of Their Irish Policy. How the Pope Came to Throw His Influence Against the League. Lutherans and Yoneonformists Aghast at Gladstone's Relations with the Vatican. The Prince of Wales Will Introduce Masonic Resolutions Deploring Garfietd’s Murder. Mistake Which the Irish Will Make if They Antagonize the Work- ingmen’s Vote. Cheeky Program of the Rebel- Bond-Buyers, as at Last Published. Deoree of the French Government Again Permitting the Importation of American Pork. The Wily Russians Now Pushing Toward Constantinople from the East. 7 THE BRITISH. PRINCE LEOPOLD'S BETROTHAL, Swecial Cable, Loxvon, Nov Smalley’s special says: Prince Leopold's betrothal to tne Princess Helena of Waldeck causes surprise, us there were whispers of his intention to marry in the British Peeraze. The entourage of the Court were aware that he had gone to the Continent to select a bride. The general. public have regardcd bis health asx bar to matrimony. He suffers frequent attacks of hemorrhage from the pores through defects in the skin, weasen- ing the whole tone of the system. His intel- Jectual culture and geniulity muke him pop- ular. The public are glad to regurd this step as a sign of improving health, and in his cuse preter that he stoull marry a Princess rather than 2 Britisn suvject. Lord Lorno’s case is bad enough. On alt State oc- casions the husband sits below the salt. If the Prince married acommoner, as her busband he + would be compelled to show publicly bis wife's inferiority on nll occasions of precedence. The Hadicat press is preparing for the usual attack on the expected Parliamentary grant. THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE still blusters at Sir Garnet Wolseley’s appoint- ment, and threatens to resisn. Tbe Court party urge him to remain, or the post muy pb: tor- ever froma member of tne royal family, and the Duke of Connaught’s chances would be gone, All this is just a litte farcical. Everybody who knows the Duke is perfectiy sure he. will never resign. He jacks ‘the moral courage.’ Of his martial courare we know too much from his Crimean experience, THOUGH HOWELL’S DEFEAT AT SPAFFORD was not wholly owing to Irish defection, the as- sistance given by the Irisb on that occasion to the Conservatives and the Irish oppesition to Mr. “Ashton Dilke the other nit, and their more re- cent conduct in Marylebone, are rapidly estrang- ing Radical sympathies with Irish aspirations. Mr. O'Donnell, M. P., is carrying the policy of exasperation so fur as to advocate a Tory-Trish siiiance, and compensation of the landlords. ‘How the Salisbury and Lowtner echools will ap- prove the declarations of their new prophet when he declares that the Conservative policy 4n relation to agrarian reforms ss practivally IDENTICAL WITH THE PLATFORM OF DAV- JIT AND PARNELL, it ig not for me to say. It is not unlikely thet the Irish or the Tories, if they remember Lord Abercorn’s declarations, will both huve to re- pudiate O'Donnell. The latter is evidently ue- gotiating for an alliance to obstruct Mr. Glad~ stone's reform of Parliamentary procedure. It is gratifying to the Ministers that a Tory like Mr. Newdewate, respected for bis long experi- ence in Parliament, bas deciarea in favor of the Government project, and denounced the pro- ‘posed resistance. THE GRAND LODGE OF 3 Lonpos, Nov. 26.—The Herald's special says: Atthe uext meeting of the Grand Lodge cf English freemasons on Dee. 7 the Grand Master, the Prince of Wales, will move “That this Grand Lodge agree to a vote of condolence with the widow nnd family of the late Brother James Abram Garfield, President ot the Umted States ot America, who died the 19th of Sep- tember last trom wounds received from the banas of an assas.n.” PERU AND CHILI. Sreciat cable. Lonpos, Nov. 26.—Jennings’ special says: Everybody is asking what the Washington Go: ernment {s going to do about Chili. ‘The sen- eral opinion {2 that ‘Chili tas acted most improperly in seizing Garcia Calderon, and that the United States cannot and will not sub- mit to the insult Much regret is felt that the Monroe doctrine will prevent England from acting with you in the suppression of Chilian excesses. Englishmen have u great stake in Peru, and would have Joined tong ago in compelling a cessation of hostilities if the United States bad been willing. It is now . hoped - that the United States, having undertaken to do Lhe business single-banded, will so in and finish it expedi- tiously. But the newspapers here think you canuot do much until you bave a new navy. The ultimate decision of President Arthur and his Cabinet “wili be Jooked Yor with the utmost in- ‘terest throughout Europe. PROGRAM OF THE CONFEDERATE BOND- . HOLDERS. Lospor, Nov. 23.—Tne committee of Confed- erate bondholders state that their program {s, primarily, by steady and persevering appeals, first to the public and ten to the Legisiature of the United States,to bring about the opinion ‘that the time has come when the restriction im- posed by the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution should be removed so far ag it pro- hibits the.Southern States from effecting a just and equitable settlement of their debts legally contracted. The committee repudiate the idea ’ of embarking in litigation to. recover the Con- federate property in Europe. THE DUKE OF RICHMOND bas decided to introduce on his large Scotch estaies changes comprising the compensation for tenants’ improvements, and an understand- tng that two years’ notice of removal will be given by either side. - THE STORM. UNABATED. Lospox, Nov. %3—Midnight—A .. tremendous gale is now blowing here. an i LORD WARTINGTON, Secretary of State for India, addressing bis con- stituents at Blackburn tonight, defended the conduct of the Liberal Government in securing 8 fulfillment of the Berlin treaty. He said Lord Dufferin, British Ambussador at Constuntinople, was pow striving to obtain 2 fulfillment of the Clauses of the treaty rejuting to Armenia, in order to prevent a renewed outbreak, which would disturb Eurcpe. Turkey. be said, must observe the stipulanons of ‘the. Berlin treaty, which are the conditions of her continued ex- Astence. The whole of Europe would see that these stipulations are enforved. REFERRING TO THE 1:1SH QUESTION, Hartington said it was onc of ahehiiaods anzie- \ ty, ana calculated to inspire the greatest disap- pointment and dissatisfaction, both as regards the rightsof property and the preservation of order. Despite severe coercion meusurcs, out- raves were still rife, und it wns impassible to ex- ereise the rights of property execpt at great personal risk. The cuses hichertu decided by the Land Commission were precisely those con- templated by the Land act, but the decisions were subject to revision, and whea the ordinary Irish estates came before tho court, u xeneral reduction of rents would probably not be con- tinued. Compensation to landlords would have to be consideted by Parliament. In concluding, Hartington said the Government would continue, to act with unswerving Srmoess and inexhaust-; ible patience. —_—— THE IRISH. IRELAND STILL THE RITTER ELEMENT. Speciat Cabte, Loxpos, Nov. 20.—Smaltey’s special says: Ireland js still the bitterest element in the Min- isterial program. Tne incrensed outrazes dur- the past fortnight have led tne Times and other journals tu demand further measures of re- pression. It is considered that this step is foreshadowed in Lord Mopk’s and Lord Cowper's recent speeches. It is urue that the decisions of the Land Court have not been immediately followed by. calm, but none of the outrages seem to be the result of organized action. The Land League is ‘absolutely dead, but its teachings linger and bear intermitrent fruit as tho result of individual action. ‘The * No Reut”. manifesto encouraged a tew outbursts of. vindictiveness, but the Land Court isso free to necess and its decisions are so rupidly ‘riven and so complete- ly favorable to the tenant that TH {LT MUST_LE PACIFIC. Months may be required tu eradicate the three yeurs’ lawlesness. The Governiment decline to adopt the advice of impatiunt-triends, “Private reports show that rent is nore freely paid. A significant ‘case has occurred on Poilard Urqvhart’s estate. Thirty laborers were dismssed because Mr. Urquhart got no rents.. The Isborers thereupon com- pelled the farmers to pay up. The Minis- ters will take no further repressive steps tll they sce the effects of the winter. But if such should bé necessary they will not hesitate. The Cabinet are determined at all costs to maintain the Inw and give 4 chance to the Land Court. JENNINGS ON THE INCREASE OF CRIME, Speetit Cable. Lospox, Nov. 26.—Jennings’ special says: The increase of agrarian crime in’ Ireland causes great anxiety to thé Ministry. White- boyism always tlourishes in Ireland immediate- Ip after a “national movement, and the edict for the extincuon of the Land League drove the fanatical adherents of the No-Itent program into the seeret lodges of “Cupt. Moon- light.” The leuzue leaders stil at Iarze openly approve of the murder und incendiarisin into which the constitutional struggle for land re- form bas now degenerated. The American people, among whom Messrs. - O'Connor, Healy, and Sheehy are now ‘passing the hat, should understand that they are asked 10 contribute to a fund fur shooting agents and maiming cattle. THE AUIS IN ENGLAND have organized themselves to defeat Liberal candidates, parliamentary and municipal, At the recent election in Stafford, they * ratted ” at the eleventh hour from. Mr. Howell, the workingman’s candidate, and voted for Mr. Salt. ‘Their eforts to de- stroy the Government majority will, no doubt, be in tsatated cases, but, should the Lib- erals raise thé anti-Irish ery in the English manufacturing centres, they will not only over- whelm the Irish party, but sink the. Tory alll- avce with{t. English operatives in the cotton and woolen mills aud English agricuitural labor- ers LOOK UPON AN IRISHMAN Very much ag the Jrishmnn in the United States regards tie Ubinese. Hordes of Irish laborers cross the chanuel every summer and cut down waves in the agricultural districts, while others flock into the towns, uequire a knowl- edge of factory work, aud accept waxes which the English band would scorn towork for. Henee it eomes that heiween the wlish and the Irish workman there is a’ wide wult, and that nothing is easier tban to arouse the’ lower here against any . movement in which — Irisnmen are enguged. Mr. Chamberliin, in one ot his recent Speeches, hinted at the weakness of Irish- qen in this respect, und told them almost in so many words that it would be the part of wisdom for them not to form a run-a-muck 2r- ganization for “avenging" .the allered crime charged by the professional Irish patriots against cither —_potitical party. But the Irish leaders in the manufact- uring towns have never been famed for. pru- dence, and they ure now urraving their forées against the Radicals just as cutbusiastically as ther polled every man in their ranks ugaiust the ‘Tories a* the last general election. THE PRE The Times has been clamoring for a week past for am extension of the coercive powers of the Government in Ireland, and even for the sus- pension of trial by jury. The Daiy Lelegraph demands martial law. The Government. ap- pears 10 be completely nonptused. The lull Malt Gazette, whick represents the advanced section of the party, has never cordially ‘supported the suppression of the league, and it would certainly not approve of more vigorous measures. There are now nearly 300 suspects in jail, but the police are unabie to cope with the Whiteboys. THE LAND courT is making sweeping reductions everywhere, and the landlords are threatened with ruin. But nothing will satisty tho peasant, and the long winter nights will see many deeds of bloodshed and burbarity. ‘Ihe Land Leasuers, who chane front at every new turn of affairs, now declure they favor compensation to the landlords, and it would not be surprising to see the Parneliites and the Tory Squires making com- mon cause against the Ministry at the coming session. There 1s\considerabie excitement among Evangelists and Nonconformists over a report that the Premier intends to e¢stzbl close relations with the Vatican. The rumor is based upon the “fact. that George Ertington, member of Parliament for the County Longford bas made frequent vi its to Nume of late, and that he hus been com- iissioned fn an indirect way by the Foreign Of- fice to sound the Pope as to Irist affairs. Waen the Land Leayue was first established Archbishop Croke made his Holiness believe that Parnell was asecond O'Connell, und the Vatican did its best, without showing its band, to uphold Parnell and extend his influence. English Catholics at once took aiarm, and fa nail fa tne league's collin by calling the Pope's tention tothe fuct that Parnell. bad visited r Hugo and Rochetort, und beyzed™ their intlueace. Mr. Errington, a devout Catholic and Kuight of the Order of St. Jobn of Jerusniem, turned upat the Vatican abyut this time and alarmed the Holy Father by describing the league as a Communistic revoit against tbe rights of property “WIS HOLINESS hesitated for.atime, but Errington and Bowyer plied him -with extracts from the. ravings of O'Donovan ‘Rossa und those Irish-American journalists who advocate the reconstruction of society. iis Holiness, however, remained neu- tral until the insane no-rent manifesto was Is- sued, and then he threw bis intluence aguinst the league. Archbishop Croke received a hint tw modity his utterances, and took jt, A letter was written tacitly approving of Bishop Me- Cabe's pastorals against the leurue, und his Grace of Dublin assailed Mr. Parnell with renew- ed vigor. Every string Rome can pull was pulled ugainst the league, und those that know tell ame that the Pope had quite as much ta do with the suppression of that body us the writish Gov- ernment. Mr. Errington isin Kome now, and you may look for a brief or 2 bull shortly in which secret societies will be execrated. und the faithful exhorted to abstain from murder and arson as means for the accomplishment of po- litical ends. 5 A FAINT-NEARTED LEAGUER. So the Western Assuctated Press. Dvatts, Nov. 26.—Philtips, the. Accountant of the and League, arrested yesterday under the Coercion act, recently bad xv fulnung tit in tke street, and while unconscious papers-in his Pocket were ubstructed. It is believed that these papers were furwarded to the Government otlicinls, hence bis arrest. Although he is nota member of the league, it {3 stnted that Phillips bas facie? as Paymuster since Dr. Kenny's ar- res : ELECTION IN DROGHEDA, At the municipal election for Mayor of Dro- gheda the candidate for retlection was defeated by Mangan, a “suspect,” confined in Dundalk SAVINGS-BANK DEPOSITS. r drove Bank yesterduy it was stated that the saan jolged. In the bank during the present year is the larrest since the famine years. MURDER CASE. ‘The Court of Queen's Beneh bas issued a writ of certiorari removing into’ the Queen's Bench Division all depositions concerning the death of Manstield, ar Ballyragget, County Kilkenny, re- garding which a verdict of willful murder bas been returned by the Coroner's jury against Sub-Inspectors O'Brien and Bouchier, whocom- manded the police on the occasion of the riot there. EGAN: Dountrs, Nov. 26.—fhe Freeman's Journal states that Egan, Treasurer of tho Land League, has issued a eirculnr to ail the Parisian journals, stating that, as the English press systematically misrepresents the cause of Ireland, he will for- ward to thom, from time to time, faithful ex- tracts from the Irish papers. O'Donovan, re- centy editor of United Ircland, will take charge of this Irish news agency. RUSSIA. + THE TURKISH WAR INDEMNITY. Lonpon, Nov. 28.—Tne Russian Ambassador at Constantinople n short time ago proposed to the Porte n territorial arrangement by which the payment of the war indemnity might be ex- inguished, but the Sultam wis unwilling to give the proposition favorable consideration. DEAD. Elie Schoumoff, for many years the chess champion of Russia, is dead. A YOUTH WHO 101 St. Pererssunc, Nov. 76 youth, under pretense of urgent State business, obtained un audience tod:., the Ministry of the luterior, with Gen. ‘Tehorevine. f ON TO CONSTANTINOPLE. Lonnos, Nov. A Vienua correspondent “Recent necotintions of the Kussian Ambassador Novikoff with the Porte respect- ing the Russian war indemnity have really ouly been the cloak serving to cover more serious negotiations going on secret the object of whicn isto realize the Russian designs upon Turkish-Armenit. During the past fortnight there has been aimost a nightly conference be- tween Nedim Pasha and the Sultan in the Yeldizkiosk, and the results of cach night's deliberations are regularly ‘reported to the Russinn Ambassador. _ The object ofthese de- liberations isto come to a decision regarding the Russian proposal for the cession of parts of the territory of Armenia to round olf ber frontior in Asia. Russia, in return, would re- nounce the indemnity due on account of the jute war, and guarantee tbe Sultan’s remaining provinces against the greut Powers.” A POL Sr. Perenrsnurc, Nov. 26.—The youth who mude the attempt upon tho life of Gen. Tchere- vine isa Pole. A m:tn who was waiting for the youth outside of the Ministry was also arrested. He is knowa to be a thief, but denies any kuowl- edge of his companion’s intentions. SILVER 5 A decree bas been issued uutuorizing the issue of 6,000,000 rubles in silver. SPAL WANTS GIBRALTAR Special Cable. Mapnrp, Nov. 26.—The Herald's special says: Senator Guiell y Rent, representative of the Havana University, today asked the Cubinet if the tine bad not come when it would be oppor- tune and pittrioue to cpen negotiations with England to obtain the restitution of Gibraltar. E, ETC, The Minister of Foreign Affairs de- clured that he regreited that tie question bad ‘been raised. Spanish re- sources and tho country’s position in Europe did not j ify any member touching on 0 deli- cute a mutter. The gallant Senator is deter- mined to push his idea by an agitation of public opinion. bis wigh being to offer England some colony on the coast of Morocco. The Senate will this evening vote a bill for the conversion of the Treasury debts. CIVIL MARRIAGE. To the Western associated Press. Manprin, No Et Liberal states that the prelates who belong to the Senate intend tosub- mite protest ayainst the Civil Marriage bill, and ufterwards quit tbe Senate inn body. IN. TH NATE TODAY Senor Don Jose Guell y Rente, Senator from the nd of Cuba. asked the Government whether it was disposed to open negotiations with England for the restitution of Gibralta The Marquis Vega de Armijo, Minister of Foreign Atfuira, reptied that the Government would act in accordance with the best interests of the country and the mnintennuce of good re~ lations with ttiendly powers. Replying to an- other question he svid the French occupied a point in Africa, as to whlch, it was impossible to say whether it,belonged to Algeria or Morovco. He would, be said, closely watch Spanish inter- ests in that direction. FRANCE. AMERICAN PORK, Pants, Nov. %.—It is stated that the Govern- ment has decided to withdraw the decree pro- nibiting te importation of American pork. IT THE CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES today M. Brisson read decrees withdrawing the Dill relative to the inspection of imported sulted meats. _ A TREATY OF COMMERCE between France and the Netuerlunds has been signed. “hg APAPER IN MATSEILLES. MARSEIL ov. 26.—Gambetta, in order to Increase bis influence in the south of France, will publish here, through friends, in January next, an important evening paper, entitied Le Mirabeau. PRINCE MURAT 7 was badly wounded in a due! with Baron Vaux, whow he challenged for au article published in the Triboulet. GERMANY. THE EMPEROR, Rersix, Nov. ‘The Emperor bas resumed the trunsaction of oficial business. THE IMPERIAL BANK. ‘The imperil Bank has reduced its rate of dis- count to 5 per cent, and interest on advances to. THE ADMIRALTY is arranging plans by which the German trans- atlintic steamers could Ue trausformed into cruisers in case of necesslt, AUSTRIA, ANOTHER LNTERVIEW. Viessa, Nov. 26.—It is expocted-in_ political cireles that Count Kulnoky wilt, before depart- ure from St. Petersburs, arrange a meeting be- tyeen the Emperor Francis Joseph and the Czar, VE MADE FOR SLAVERY. here publish a mn from Scutari stating ‘that hostilities commenced between the Austrians and Krivos- ciuns, who refuse to enter the Austrian military service. The Krivoscians have taken three sinull torts, making prisoners of the gurrison. TUNIS. CATHOLIC. Tents, Nov. 26.—A French Bishop will lay the corner-stone of a cuthcdral here tomorrow. RAPL ‘The French entirely destroyed the Village of Menzel, near Gavez. The Arabs have plundered an Itnian bark and burned some large Esparto grass stores belonging to English merchunts. A NOVEL WAR-SHIP. Capt. Ericsson’s Latest and Greatest Invention— extul Pest of the New Vorpedo-Boat “tre Westroyer?? ~A Revolution In Nuval Architecture— Destructive Power in a Small Com= Pars. New York: Times. ‘There now les at the wharf.of the Delawaro- and Hudsow Canal Company at Hoboken, a very modest-looking little vessel which Capt. John Ericsson has constructed and christened the Destroyer.which {s clutmea will muke inetTectual and of no value for offensive warfare those ex- penzive and heavily urmored vessels, the pride of the navies of the Old World. With this inno- cent-appenring little craft he proposes to com- pletely wipe out of existence, if opportunity of- ters, the best vesseis extant made upon the system of which be the father. ‘The tirst public exhiblaen of the Destroyer and its method of warfare wus made yesterday afternoon at the Hoboken whurf in the presence of 2 distingyuisbed party of gentlemen. his ex- hibition was under the auspices of the Dela- mater Iron Works Company,. woo constructed for Cant. Ericsson the experimental vessel and itsarmament. The Destroyer Is a craft of iron whose bull, even as she lay tight. on the water, was almost entirely submerged. When ready Ata meeting of the managers of the Cork’| for service but little of the hull would be above water. The house, which is situated well astern, igof iron, but ‘no: attempt has bech made to meke lt impregnubie, ns, with the house entirely shotaway, the Destroyer fs just as seaworthy and eapuble of performms the work required of it. Below the house it is 2s well protected as any armed vessel oflont, 1ts dimensions are 130 feet long, 11 feet deep, and 12 feet wide. “These unusi proportions .are to give her a hich rate of speed, und ag her lines are oxuctly alike, 1 both diréctions she can move abead or astera with cqual-facillty. “The simple horizental.engine of 1,W0-horse power resting on a surface condenser of about elght feet sauare, the hydraulically controlled rubber, the novel steering upparatus, and the torpedo gun are all below tho surface of the water, und as they are protected by armored plates of im- broved construction, with 1 special device to protect the machinery from suots itred at tho exposed portion of front of the boat, her in- Ventor usserts witt contldeuce that she is inde- structible save by sunken, torpedoes or boats of her own Kind. A frizate’s launch is larger thua she, yet tne frigate itself ina contest would be wholly at her inerey, for tho Immense craft could not be handled quickly enough to xet out of cho Way of the 1itue death-dealer no more than can the ponderous elephant escape trom the Insygnitieant little tly that so terribly annoys it. ‘The armament of tho Destroyer is a single gun situated just above the Keelson, in the forward part of tho buat, and” its muzzle opens directly into the sea, being protected trom the rushing in of water when not if use by npermunent valve hung by. an elbow joint to the stem of the veasel, und which {3 opened or closed by a piston operated at the breeeb of the gun, When the guu Is to be fired this yilve 1s raised, und Stands out of tho puth of the pro- jectile. How, when the valve is raised is the Water prevented from rushing into the muzze ot the gun? is a query that naturally arises. Aud the inventor provides agniust this emer- gency by the use of u seetionally constructed temporary valve of wood and rubber clot, which Ughtly fits the muzzle and is placed in the gun before the projectile Js, und shattered - to atoms when tho torpedo starts on its errund of destruction, “Water must rush in when the projectile leaves the gun, and so sink tho vessel,” snys the eritic ug be (uoks at the working model. ‘Certuinly it would but for the fact tat as soon as the pro- jectile is fired out the gunuer closes his permina~ nent valve and shuts olf the intlax, which can only be through the gun itself. Whit. comes in runs out through the breech aud drips througiy wgrating into the bilge below, from which ft is pumped out by asteam siphon placed at the side of the gun. So far tno expianuton is satis- fuctory, and itis made doubly so by the experi- ment of yesterday, whlch showed that the per- manent valve can be closed after the gun is fired and but very little water shipped, thouch there was a strong ebb-tide running directly to- ward the muzzle at the time of the experiment. Before the experiu.ent bad been made it was a commou remark among those conversant with gunnery. that such a scheme as that of Capt. Eri n’s could burdly be a success, because it Was in direct. opposition to the [aw which does not allow of a projectile bemg fired through matter of one density, 28 wir, into mutter of greater density, like water, and adirect course miaintai ‘There must be a deflection. Simply siuted, every one knows that when a person tres abull froma rifle at an angle Into a body of water, the ball will ricochet. as does a stone when thrown on such asurtuce. Throw a pro- jectite from shipboard directly into tho water, and no matter how true tho aim at the object it is uttempted to hit, such aim will be defective unless allowance is made for the deflection, a3 every one who has tried to spear fish kuows. Tr, however, w projectile could be fired through a Series of tatters of constantly und regulary increusing deusities from air to water accuracy conld be obtuiued, but necessarily at the ex- pense of force, Tho projectile used in Cupt. Ericsson’s gun is like the most approved tor- pedo now in use, cigar shaped, pointed ut both ends. The method of construction and the use of the temporary air valve at the inuzzle of the gun ulrendy alluded to enables Capt. Ericsson To set wt defiance this law ot Nature, or rather to overcome it. The gun is an air-chamber mude virtually hermetic by the bulging centre of the projectile itting tightly in the bore. When, by the explosion of the powder in its rear, the pro- jectile is thrown trom the gun, the temporary Valve is torn in pieces and a volume of air forced with the projectile into the denser mass Swater—thus muking an easy pathway tor the projectile, and one unt insurestor it accuracy in its Hight by decreasing the resistance to be overcome. Now thut che provlem is sulved, the way in which the law is overcomeis astoni ly simple. The rules of displicement govern, of course, after this, the accuracy of Hight. Heady for use, this clzar-shaped torpedo con- sists of three parts. The end which carries the firing-pin is of brass, the pin itself betag of steel, und its eud cup-shaped, so that its edges: will cut into whatever object it may strike, and thus be driven back Sous to discharge the ful- minute. cartridges which explode the dynamite placed iu a chainber just in the rear, which, in the size of projectile used yesterday, is to can- tnin 340 pounds of dynamite—tho lurvest charge ever placed in an explosive. The remuinder of the torpedo {3 the customary hollow uir-chamber of iron and copper, und to the exterior of the reat of this are fastened tins or anges which steady the Uizbt of the missile through the water, Inorder that the temporary vaivein the fun’s muzzle may not explode thy torpedo as it starts ou its journey a hole three inches in diameter is leftin the wooden valve, and covered ouly with a thin sbect of rubber of sufficient thickne sto keep th water out of tho gun, Between the projectile, as it rests in the gun ready for firing and the breech-blov air-chamber, Where the explosive material to an omount in bulk one-thirtenth tne ea of the chamber ts pli $s giving. all foree necessary to carry the projects trom 0 to 70 fect. It is considered necessary to throw the torpedo before it nccomplishes its work, 23 the Pestroyer is jutended for work as short ratige, its armament and speed being suck that its javentor proposes to send it into tae midst of a fect to pi jon. Then its mancu- vre can be so quickly controtled that huge ves- sels will be unnbie to bring its guns to bear on the little tormencor before it hus ended their power and usefulness by blowing them into atoms. Jo its operations in this way there is but one obstacle, and that is to be met with in offensive rather thin defensive arfare—the spreading of an iron net- ubuut the fleet, Whether the pro- jectiies could penetrate such a network withuut explosion 1s 2 question that xetual use under such cireumstances cnn alone decide, though its inventor chiims that it will do even this. In tho nL made yesterday a dummy projectile that oue made of woul with no torpedo in his was discharged from the cunaon by use of twelve pounds of giant pow- der ata target net of. Manilla rope and weoden slats 300 fect distance. ‘Lhe inuzzle was six fect and six inches below the surface, and the pro~ jectile passed through tho turget tive feet under Water, and uppeared on tne surface 1) feet further inshore, and rode ou the water at a con- siderable speed for 206 feet more, muking st dis- tunce of 6W fect traveled in all. “Tbe projectile, which was twenty-five feet und six inches in length, traveled through the water ot the point’ of appearance on tho surface, 400 feet, in three seconds, and wis with cha of but twelve pounds of powder. ‘The gun is firea- by electricity by the wheelsman, Who, through his look-out. must aitn and dis- charge the gun in accordance \ judgment as to effectivene: Yesterday periment.wbich was under the direction of 'T. ‘Lassoe, Was pronounced x -success by all woo witnessed it. It was the fifty-second time tic yun hits fired the projectile. and at no tril since the boat bus been put in working order. bas it failed with the sume charge to throw theduminy torpedo 3H feet in three seconds or tess. «Aston~ istment was depicted in every line of thelr countenances when they saw the projectile rise rface beyond the target after baviug ed the distance from the muzzie of the gun and through the netting without making even the faintest ripple on the sutface. Doubtless the thought, 1 al witnesses of the experiment remurked, “of what uvuil are stich mammoth and almost impregnubly armored vessels 2s those lying in the stream grainst such 2 destruc~ tion-dealing but innoeent-louking litle crufe ns this Destroyer?” Suid a naval olficer at the eon- jon of the experiment: * Give New York Harbor 2 dozen suen vessels, which could be Dullt at tho cost of one Inlexible or Duitio, and we couid successfully dey. tne combined navtes of the world, Size and armuments can have no further terrors toa nuvy with a score of tho: little fellows that a naval officer would really feel ashamed to tire upon. Itseems to te the key to a complete revolution in naval construc tion methods. A leet of cruisers with a coupie of these Destroyers ou board, ready to lauach at & moment's notice, could bid detlance to the most powertully iron-protected fleet ‘The plan on which this vessel i3 constructed ts the perfection of the thuught of tnirty years with Capt. Ericsson, who, when Napoleon de- sired to rebuild and strengthen his navy In 165 Suuzested the piun to bim, 25 he did also the boats of the monitor plan, buth of which sug- gestions Were, a3 ic now appeurs, foviiskly re- sted. Althouzh the Destroyer was not built ‘special reference to speed, the boat edly nade sixteen knots'un hour, and has on occusions made seventeen Knots, or over eighteen statute miles per hour. In a boat built for service, more attention would, of course, be pald to speed, and 2 rate nigher by several miles per hour could be uttained. = How He'd Do It. Detvolt Free Press. Severnl men were gathered at the door ofa pineksmnith-shop .on Cass avenue the other moritiug, when 4 schoolboy, not over { years of pge, came alony with tears In his eyes, und one of the group asked: * Waut's the matter, boy—fall down?” Nu-u, but I've got a hard 'ritpmetic lesson; and [ expect to xet licked?” was The answer. sea Let me see; [ used to be a king-bee on frac- ons.’ ; ‘The mun took the book, turned to the paze, ang 7 “ Rune [.—Find the least common inultiple of the denominators of the fractions for the least common denominator, Divice this least com- mon denuminator by each denominator, and multiply both terms of the fractions by the quo- ent obtained by each denominator. He read the rule aloud, and asked if uny one could understand lll shook tueir heuds, und he ther continued: “Well, now, [think J should. so to work and discover the lease uncommon agitator. I would then evolve a paraliel according to tne intrinsic deviator, and punctuate the thermometer.” “So would 11” answered every one in chorus, reped 1 es and one sf them added: that way a thousuna times.” * Not one of the men, ali of whom were in bual- ness, and bud money, could understand the working of the rite, muctt les3_ make examples of it, and yet it wis expected that 2 year-old should zoto the blackboard and ¢u every sum olt-hand. ABOUT. PRACTICAL. JOKES. Some Recent Humorous and He-~*less Occurrences, and the Law ». vie Jus Them. Not the least curious thing abo set ive subject of practical joking is ti::" ~aenever, through tho stupidity or brutality. or a humor- ous ruflian, a person ts killed or disfigured for life, the newspapers chronicle the occurrence under the heading: “A Warning. to Practical Jokers." Ifthe wag had been maimed or slain, orif the neighbors had flogged him or lynched him, then there would ‘have. been some excuse for the headline. Tho practical joker’s doings taxe a wide range, and are performed at the ex- pense of all classes of the communiiy. Thus in January Inst Mr. W. ‘T. Timmons, of South Car- olina, baving been rejected by his. sensible ‘sweetheurt, undertook to move ber heart by writing a letter to the press in another person's name, announcing that bis Hteless body had been found at Adams'Run. The only person seriously atfected was his brother, who instantly bought a coflin at Charleston and traveled to the spot to discover the honx. ‘At Jefferson City, Mo., a stranger put up at the Monroe House, and sold the landlord a pair of new boots for $3. “The tandiord’s intimate und waggish friend induced a humorous shoc- maker, Mr. Joseph Flick, to go and claim the boota as having been stulen fromhim, and the hotelkeeper gave them up, and when supse- quently be encountered his guest, hud him ar- rested and summoned Mr. Flick as a witness. ‘Theu the joke came out, and it cost Mr. Flick $12 costs, while the guest uns an action pending for damages for false imprisonment, In Cuicuzo the other duy a somewhat similar but less serious comedy was enacted. A merry lawyer uve a sloonkeeper, who prided himself on bis exactness in tinanchil affairs, a 32 bill. re- ecived a $1 bill in chunge, then showed the urtist another $2 greenback, and went off feignn ultauion. All went well ull on bis next visit ne gave the suloonkeeper a $5 bul, and the saloon- Keeper kept the doliar out of it. in New York City, on election night, a jovial politician desirous of amusing himself ac the expense of a sulooukeeper that Claims to rival any bank cashier in the detection of counter- feits, undertook, for the delectution of a party of friends, to “ring in” a bad V on the busy Boniface, and was horrified when, ere tue bill had fairly touched tho counter, the burkeeper cnugh@it up, saying he “wanted chunge for x and paid it out to a fourth party.. Tho precise liability in this case offers un interesting theme for discussion, ‘The late Count Bellavitis, an eminent mathe- maticiun of Padus, some tme before his death prepared a letter to a. friend at Rome, inform- ing this friend that the writer had just died. Count Bellavitis left a space to this strange epistle ror the date to be insorted, and bud in- structions prepared for bis executors that when he died the day was to be filled ic and the letter gent to its destination. The instructions were faithfully obeyed ana the grim joke was com- pleted, and the first intimation the Roman friend bud of the death of Count Bella- vitis was the receipt of a letier from him stating the fuct. The grim pleasantry was not original, as in the lust century a Frenchman wrote on his dying-bed a letter to a friend dated nyeur aheud and describing bis experiences in Hell, and left it to bisexeeutors to be mailed at the expirution of a twelvemonta, Aug. 19, 1880, a number of New-Yorkers were hoaxed by a communication to a morning paper agnouncing the writer's intention of shooting himself at 3 p.m. on the rock in the lake in Central Park opposit the Mall. Unfortunately he failed to keep faith with the public. ‘Mr. Fairfax: Williamson, whose persecution of the Rev. Morgan Dix will be remembered, and the unknowmmdn who seat Mr. R. P. Brooks, ucket axent of the Bultimore S& Ohio Railrord in this city, wayon after wagon loaded with meat, fruit, and vesetables, C. O. D., were com- monpluce fmitutors of ‘Theodore Hook, and much less able than the facetious young lady of Philadelphia who several years ago issued a& hundred or more invitations to dinner in the name of oue of Mr. Childs’ near neighbors—skill- fully arranging the list of invitations 60 a3 to include fit erted pairs of mortal enemies aud then kindly ordered a mughiticent dinner from a restaurant for tho oecasion. A decidedly sensatioual practical joke was perpetrated in Brazil on the occasion of the in- troduction of anew satety-bruke, Dom Pedro, who was On the train, bemg an accomplice. At one part of the line, ‘where it pusses through a eutting bounded by rocks, a giguntic construc- tion of nth and canvas, painted to represent a mass of fallenrock, was placed on te rails 60 that the driver vould catch sigat of it as he rounded a curve. ile did.2nd stopped the train in aburry, so that dath thy joke and the trial ore successful. Lut suppose he bad Jumped ‘at : Waen tne stenmer Potosi left Plymouth re- cently for Australia a practical joker cried out, “Man overboard!™, A life-beat was lowered, but the falls becume entangled and five men were plunged into tho water, two being drowned, At Linthwaite, England, Join Diakin, a boy of 46, thought it would be great fun to ‘scare bis mate, n lad of 15, by throwing 2 rope round his and putting the end of it round {the ma- chine sbaft. The object of the joke was dashed to piece ‘At Sixty-fourth street, in| New York City, in August Inst, Pietro Franchi’s mates undertook to Ke bim from bis nap by wheeling a truck with aman ou itagainst him. Lt struck him oo the-hesd und killed him. ‘AtChicago, Mr. M. 5. Gould, a prominent busi- ness mun. resolved to seure the janitor by over- turning things in his room and hiding in the closet. While be was chuckling with a compan- fon over tho agem, tho janitor, having vainly sumntoned the. alleged burglar to surrender, lired through the door and killed him, - ‘There died at the Indiantown (N. B.) Asylum, last winter, Miss Clara Bagnall, a young lady up- on whom a waggish caller pounced one evening arrayed “ en diabl She fell ina fit and be- cue a raving muniac, In Robeson County, N. C..recently, little James Philtips’ young friends undertovk to. cure him of being * scary’ by visiting the bouse during his parents’ absence, tryipy the doors, ete. ‘Tho fright killed him. At Dennison, O., an American humorist gave a litte girl two railroad-torpedoes, telling her they were candy packages, to be opened with a bummer. She lust both eyes in opening taem. ‘At Bombay, mn October, # schoolboy came be- hind a young companion, put his hands over hi friend’s eyes and dade bim “guess who it wa: The boy Strngzled to escape, the joker tight- ened his grasp, and. the victim “was fairly. “gouged,” the crystultine lens being broken, In Brooklyn, E: D., the favorit joke Is stretch- fog a line across the street to catch passers in the evening under the chin. After agirl had been thrown down and bad sutlered a fracture of the skull the authorities took -action and the next offender was fined 35. In St. Louis it costs SI to place a split cork on the nose of a slecper, ornament it with matches and Hyent them. Jumes Stewart, a saloonkeeper In New York City, kept x galvanic battery which the unwary were encouraged to believe was a liftiog- muchine. It proved a great attraction until one of the subjects sued. for damages and got S200, with $150 costs. . The Court at West Newbury, Mass., rendered recently curious decision in tae law of prac- tical Joking. Isauc Hibbs and sundry of bis companions plotted to amuse an old gentleman by heaving 2 rock through bis window. Ie ‘overheard them, bid in the shrubbery in his undersbirt, aud pounced on them. All ran away hut Hibbs, who knocked the old man down sev- ern! times. The old rian brought action, but flibbs pleaded that he“ thought it was a ghost, and be wasn’t olng to run from no ghost.” and the Court ruled that if be waa possessed of the: idea that it was a ghost there was-no assault. “Twill shoot you, L betieve, Hat," sald a yful “young Indy of Matagorda County, s, to Mr. Hamilion Rugley, pointing a pistol The bail struck him in the throat and killed bim. loaded.) At Peru, N. J., last month, Mr. John i. Wolfe called on Miss Melinda T, Jucobus, intending to take her out fora walk. While ste wus prepar- ing he playfully pointed a gun at her and threatened to shoot her. It went of and in- flicted a fatal wound. In New Jersey the care~ less handling of firearms. where It ‘results in dexth, isan offense subjectiug the oifender to trial for manslaughter. In the cns¢ of the State agninst Hardie, the defendant was beld guilty of mansitughter fur killing a woman fn attempt- 1og to frighten ber with a pistol which he sup- pused to be unloaded. In Virginia (Duingerfleld’against Thompson), where some sportive youths pounded at 2 sulvon- door und “gave a salute” with a pistol when the proprietor opened it, shooting him in tne foot, tho Court gave $3,000 damages, willful firing of a pistol Jn city street, even without malice, be- ing unlawful. The muleted defendant was tke person y ho bad urged the pistol-bearer to “salut ‘fhe cases of Fenton, Powell, Ronne, Martin, Waters, Conraby, and others might be quoted, but thet of Ewington wit guifice, where certain ind waks banked a drunken man up with straw and threw hot coals ou it, burning him to death. ‘The verdict was manslaughter, tne Court charg that if tbey really intended any serious in- Juty, though not tu kill the deceased, Jt was murder, but if the intention was only to frighten hia in sport, it was manslaughter. The last “warning to practical jokers” to be quoted js a warning of the right sort. At Aosta a conscript who wus: going on guard was enter- tained by a predecessor with a story of the wehr-wolf beast that hud appeared to himseif. ‘Then the jester put on a blunket and crept up to tho post, growllug in ominous fashion. The un- fortunate conscript. was so terrified that he pre- sented bis ritle and blew otf the humorist’s head. UNDER THE WHEELS. Michael Nolan, I.years old, residing with his parents at Nu. 1059 Van Horn street, nttempted to board an outgoing train on the Burlington Road yesterday afternoon. and, falling under the wheels, was so budiy crushed that be died a fow minutes later, The Coroner was natitied, (P. S.—-She did not know it was “I've worked ’em out NASBY ON IRELAND. The Island Sold by the- Pope to the English, Who Confiscated the Land and Butch- ered the People. Repeated Attempts at Colonization and Estirpation. A Black, Bloody, and Barbarous History. By D.R. Locke, alias the Rev. PetroleuutY. Nasby. Conk, October, 188L—It Is very dificult to make an Anicricun understand the Irisn queation, for the simple régson, we buve nothing parallel to it in our own pai y; for which every American should haveoras upon both knees from thauk- ing his Heavenly Father, who cast his lines in such pleasant places. Whenever you speek to an American about the woes and wrongs of Ireland, heat once says: “ Why does the Irish farmer sign a lease which he knows he cunnot live to?” “[f he don’t ko the country and the laws, why don’t he getout of it?” “ Why is it,the country being under one Government, that the English farmer and the North-of-Ireland furmer are prosperous, while the South-of-Ireland farmer is ina state of discontent ?"* The trouble with the man who asks these questions is he doesn’t know anything about the subject. He measures everybody's grain in bis half-bushel. He supposes that under English Government, as in American, there is one law which obtuins everywhere and under which all men are equal. I shall try to make it plain how a farmer in one part of Ircland may be prosperous and in another poorer thun the pigs he futtens. To understand this mutter it is necessary to fo back some hundredsof years. Ali grievances took root a long way back—the world bas sot too wise to cominence or tolerate uny new ones. "a SCRAP OF HisTory. Originally Iretand was an independent king- dom; in fact, five independent kingdoms. Un- der the Kings were the clans. ‘The Clan O'Con- nor, for instance, held-a certain amount of lund, noteach man an owner in fee simple, but in common. That isto say, the ownership of the soil was in the clin as a community, cach family of the chtn holding its land forever, and that lund was distributed among them as the best in- terests of the clan dictated... The chief of the clan was clected, and he was their General, their counsellor, their Judge, their adviser, phitoso- pher, guide, and friend. He was, in fact, the futher of the clan. To support the dignity of bis position, and to bear the expenses of the post of honor put upon him, a tribute was paid to bio, based upon the jund held—so much per ucre. 1t was very tieht, tor the chief farmed tund, as did tho clansmen, and there wus. for the time,a fair degree of prosperity in the island, as muchas could be ex- pected for that day and generation. At least, everybody bad al! they could eat, drink, and wear, Which they earned themselves by the la- bor of their hands. "The English wanted Ireland, and England did with Ireland a3 it bus done with every country it ever desired to possess. England had more influence with Rome than the sons of St. Patrick, The resultwas that io 1155 a “bull” was issued by Pope Adrian LV, conterring the sovereignty of the islund upon Henry II. of England. After buying trelund from the Pope England meus- ured pikes with the Irish, who declined to ac- quiesce in this Papal sale, und, finding ber Weapons the longest and strongest, took posses- sion. ‘This work, begun by Heury LL, received. agreat impetus frow fienry Vill, the brute who was so handy at decapitating his wives, and it was followed up vigorously by succeeding Atings and Queens till toduy- % ‘The country was conquered, the chieftains wore expelled, the land was divided up among the favorits of the Euglish Kings, und the peo- ple found themselves tenants at will of a foreign proprietary, instead of being accually owners in feo simple of their own land. ENGLISH METHODS. England never does an injustice by_ halves. Sheis very moderate inthe matter of osercy and justice, and things of that nature, but when it comes to robbery and snoliation she knows no middle way. Qucen Victoria cave a. pundred. pounds to the Irish in the fuinine year, au hour's income, but when it comes to blowing Sepoys from cuns, there 13 no end to it. ‘When Slizabeth determined-upon occupying Ireland, the orders were to spare neither man, wotnan, nor chili. ‘The chiefs were driven out, and the land of the clans was Cistributed among the fuvorits of the English Court. Sir Walter Raleigh had 42,000 neres ziven bitn from the estute of the Slunster Geraldines, and a prociatnation was made through England Inviting * younger orothers of good families” to undertake the planting of the lands from which the Irisb—the owners und oc- cupiers of the soil. nad been killed or driven off and the repopulation of the country, “none of the native Irish to be admitted.” Under this invitadon, which the English rob- bers were not slow to accept, scores of estates were given to the dissolute nobility of England, who were Willing enough to take possession of land which they-cot for nothing, and which would give thom means to dodge the primal enrse of inbor. What they wanted was to live ag they wanted, by the sweatof other. men’s brows, and Hritish bayonets gave the means. lt is not possible iu the space of a newspaper article, to detail the outrages perpetrated upon this unfortunate people by the Kings and Queens of England, but let it suflice to say that a whole- sule systeni of spoliution, robbery, and even ex- tirpation. was inaugurated and tnost relentlesly and rigorously pursued. Man, woman, and child, and even the animals that could not be driven otf and sold, were destroyed. ‘There never was, in the bistory of the world, a record so black with intumy, so red with biood, or so scarlet with injustice. ‘This is the way England obtained possession of Ireland. This is the title by which My Lord ‘This and My Lord ‘That holds the tundshe exacts rent for today. This is his deed to the property upon which five millions of people are eating two meals of potato a day. that he may gamble and keep mistresses in London and Paris. But I have not spnce for detail. 1 must an- swer the questions In the second paragraph of this letter. PECULIARITIES OF THE LAND TENURE. “Why does be sign a lease the conditions of which be cannot {ultill ?"” There are no leases. It fs not as it isin Amer- ica, where the tenant and the landlord come to- gether, and bargain and wrangle over the terms, and when un agreement is arrived at both. are bound by tke terns thereof. There is no lease, no writing, no courts, except for the landlord. ‘The tenant is born upon the ground which Brit- ish brute force, the only principle there is ip British Government, robbed him-of. The new Jandlord entorced upon him by the pikes of Elizabeth's banditti said to him: “The rent of this land will be one shilling an sere.” He could -go nowhere else. “He knew no. other country, and 30 he bowed his head and built with bis own bands a cabin—in the subjugation the old homes were entirely destroyed—and ‘went to Work upon lund forty acres of which, in its natural state, would not pasture a goat. Before it bad any value whatever the bog had to be cut otf, the stones duy cut—Iin short, the Jand nud to be made. They call it “ reclaiming.” ‘The tenant has no leuse. He is purely and sitaply In the power of the landiord. “Whatever rent the landlord chooses to exnct that is the rent he must pay.. He is a tenant at will—and the willis the will of bis landlord, the Engilsh robber who lives in Inxury in London and Paris, and permits bimselt to be flecced by sbarpers, who, differing from ‘tho Englisb, uso finesse in- stead of force. In brute force the Engilsh can- not be excelled—whe s to decent rob> very, the kind of rob! the victim hus gome sort of compen: i it wns accomplished by superior acumen, the English are babies. ey ‘The tenunt—the robbed farmer—for his own sake is cumpelied to zu on and reclaim the land. He must raise somgthing, for be bus children who must be fed, and so he digs out ue rocks, and cuts the bog, and makes good arable land out of what was a barren and dreary waste. RACK RENT, ‘What happens to bit then? Why My Lord In Paris has a subordinate watching bis tenant. ‘There is nothing 80 mean that tuere {fs nut some- thing meaner. - Cruel as My Lord is, he bus crueler under htm. gAnd that is My Lord's arent. He comes to thé miserable holding, aud he notices that Pat husjreciaimed an ncre more this year. Immediately ne saysto Pat,“ Your rent hextyeur, my fine fellow, will Le advanced.” What can Pat do? Nothing. He can't get ot the land, for the merciiessexactions of My Lord, who is living in Paris and London, bave left him nothing; he canuot getaway. be has no title to possession a tninute, he cum be evicted from his bulding at any time for one of thousana causes: there are no courts that he can appeal to,us in America, for. the wugistrates ure ait landlords, and so’ be bows his hend and ineekly goes on, and reclaims more land, only to have fhe rent raised for every nece made valuable by the labor of his own hands, until, finally, 1¢ comes to a point where be,has reclaimed the en- ure holding, nud My Loni’s azent comes to the conclusion that it is better for him and My Lord —their interests are identical—to convert tha fartn into a sheep-walk, und Patis evicted. which js to say, he is thrown out upon tho roadside to starve, with his wife and children, and the cabin be bas bulit is torn down. “Does he get anything for tue making of the land? Nota balfpenny. All the labor bestowed upon that land, originally his, goes to My Lord, whose mistresses iu London and Paris need ft. They must bave their sitks und velvets—they. must have tbeir wines, and carrinyes, and horses, and servants—and Pat must puy.for it. it must be understoml that there are no such things as leases in Ireland—the landlord dic- tutes the terms, and the tenant must uccept them. He bas no alternative, Me cannot get away, for he bas nothyny.to cet away with. : NO LAW BUT CUSTOSL In the matter of the difference petween the farmer of the North of Ireland and the South of Ireland, it is not. true that the farmer of tho North of Ireland is 2 wonderfully prospo: mun, Duc it is true that he is better oir thag the farmer of tne South of Ireland.. Why? Be. cause there is not one law governing the whol country. The “custom that governs ona county does not govern not * There is no such thing us leases in Ireland - angunore than there Isa wi itution for England. What is onl” gov- erns, und the “custom” for tho North of ire. land sus different from the “custom” thas governs the South of Irelund as daylizht Is from darkness, The two sections-do live under the ” sameluw. Thisis what mukes it ditticuit for - Americans to understand. A free peovle can- not comprehend the terrors of slavery. The * froubls: ie on Ta See nothing abouts « ° ireland, tor there is not! under our fly: is parutiel to it. eee ‘ow, please, get this infamy in your mind end tocomprehend it. ‘Tae Hritish Government actually drove the Irisn, which Is to say the native owners of the soil. out of the North of Ireland into the South. The phrase “to hell or Connaugbt!" had its origin in this. ltwas to ; Connaught that these people were condemned to go, the alternative being death. ‘Of course no American can understand why anyboay. shoutd go to any plac? that ne does not want to co, America being free country. But the American must understand. that Engtand is not a free country. that the corrupt and vicious nobility of England wanted ground upon which they could commit piracy, und thet they had the entite power of the British Government behing it. The English bayonet is a rare persuader, especially when it bas tho stolid crueity and the iron will of aCromwell behind it. Let amen Hke Oliver Cromwell breathe upon a bayenet and you may reasonably expect to seea baby impaled upon itina minute. To have satisfied bis ambition and what he, ina mistasen way, considered his duty, he would have burned his mother, # It was considered necessary tohave an Eo- gilsh garrison in the land. To accomplish this the Irish were driven out of the North of Ire- land, gaa when Tsay sriven out Lmean driven out.” They were forced to zo—man, wom: eliia—into the wilds of Connaughe, "=" a4 NORTH MSI CUSTOM. ‘Then the tand vacuted by this exodus, at the end of a bayonet—British rule always means bayonet, never forget. that—British atatesman- ship begins and ends with a: bayonet, that bein the only thing fo the world tnat does not think— this lund. was divided up among the dissolute villians who infested the Britisn Court. and for whom, they bemyg the aliezed sous of nobles, something must be done, But a condition was attached to these grants of stolen lands. No native Irishman was to have a holding there. It was considered pecessary that there should be in Ireland u garrison of what they chose to call “loyal” citizens to build: the- robbed and outraged Irish who bad been driven into the South in check. Therefore the North of Ircland was given to the dissoiute Younger sons of dissolute Engtish Lords, upon condinon that their tenants should be Enylish or Scotch, and in all cases Protestants. - To get English or Scotch farmers to join in this wholesale brizandage there had to be some juvement held cut. ‘They bad to juuke some- thing out of it. They were oot compelled to come upon the ground, end they made their barguiu with the Lords. They insisted upon the fixity of tenure, a low rent, and tree sale, whien is to say they would not enter upon these stolen lands except upon a low rent; they insisted thas if thoy made improvereuts upon the land that they should have the benetic thereof, and if they themselves chose to quit the lands they should have the right to sell tho improvements they had made, und that tho improvements _expelied the I should be a part af the value of the lands, and their interest therein should be. un interest in jaw and equity. ‘This was agreed to, and on these conditions the North of lreland wus settied by English und Scoteh Protestants, the “custom” Known ag we custum " was established, and is law oduy. i ; But “ Ulster custom" does not extend over the entire island. While the farmer in Ulster hus fulr rent, txity of tenure, and free sale, tho farmer of Cork and ‘Tipperary has nothing of the kind. He is a simple teaunt at will. Ho holds a farm at the will of his lundlord: hisl,ifo is in the hands of a dissolute scoundrel who bas no brains, bucked by a dissolute scoundrel in the form of an agent who bas brains, und both of these scoundrels are backed by the bayonets of the most iufamous Government on the face of the earth, SCIENTIFIC ROBBERY. He has nothing to say about himself, his wife or bis children. if the son of the thief whostule his lund loses money at bacaret in Paris, be tele- yraphs the other tbiet, bis agent, that he wants money, and the secondary thief, who basa per- centaze in the robbery. 003 about amonz the tennuts and raises the rent. That is alt there {a about it. He lives upon tne land at the pleasure of -his lundlord, and the measure of the reat he pays is the meusure of the landiord’s, vices and the ageut's expectations. » Ulster custom” gives the tenant some rights. “Cork custom” 1s quite another thing. Ulster custom” was a bribe. “Cork custom” obbery. It is a spstemof wholesale confisca- tion of labor, of body and soul. Euch county bas its own * custom,” and the Poor robbed siave lives under that custom. The North of Irciand farmer comes ‘nearer to keep” ing body and soul torether than the South of Ireland farmer, because the villian robbers who from the North of freland had to make a custom more favorable to yet the Scotch and English to go there to keep the Catholic Irish in check, and they would not bave zone to the country except for some ad- vantage. An English Lord will do anything mean for the love of it—the Scotch are ulto- gether too acute to do a mean thing without being paid for it. TIED TO THE LAND. “Why don’t they get away?” Bless your innocent souls, how cxn they get away? To be- gin with, I insist that no man or woman sboild fet away from the country they were born in. T hold that land {s just the same sort of commod- ity that air and water is, the heritaze by-nat- ure of the person born upon it, The Almixhty never brought into existence any being without intending that being to live, provided the said beiag used the mexns that Nature provided a the condition of existence. I don’t believe that u just God ever provided for the intermeaiate Jandlord. ‘The landlord is the invention of the Devil, and it wa3a masterpiece. He was made after nis ownimage. 1 hoid that tho sentiment that keeps a man within sixht of his birthplace, within rench of the grave of bis mother, is not only proper but ubsulutely so. I think very ule of a nan who would exnatriate himself, un- less compelled to, { should tbink very little of @ruce that would abandon thelr country under compulsion. Therefore, were { un Lrisbman L should stay in Ireland if t chase sote do, £ st.ould hold thut { owned the land upon which L was born, thesame us I owned the air [ breathed and the water Ldrank. ‘To deprive me of that is fo rob me of my heritage, which isa partof my eing. But the robbed Irish cannot get away. Could they get away the remuining 5,000,0W0 of these distressed people would leave the graves of their. parents. and cometo America ina minute... But the ingenious thieves who despoiled them wero powerful enough to Keep them in. a conridon that prevents their leaving tnem. they stote bis jJand, and ther have put 1 mortgage on his Inbor. ‘They want his bone and sinew. My Lord to Paria wunts Mick to continue to work the lund and pay the rent til! he can work no tunger. UTTER IMPOSSILILIT How can a man with ten children who docs not ext meat but once a year, who dare not lvok apig in the fuce for. feur of decreasing bis weight, who goes naked bimzelt, and whose wife bas not clothes enough to answer the common ends of decency, bow i3 such # man to accumu- lute the $25 a bead to get himand his family across the Atlantic? He michtas well undere take to pay the English National debt. ‘They do manage to club together and send @ boy or a girl to God's country.and be or she earns money enough to bring auother, and they two x third, and soon, bat for an Irish furmer to pack up—by the way his packiug would bes very short job—and come to America with his family $s something that laudlordism has put altogether out of nis power. His fandlord bas not left bint the means to pay for th rst meal on his journey. ‘The long und the short of the matter {s, the English landlord, not content with steslmz the and, bas stolen the man be stole the tand trom. ‘ut content with tne soil, he wants the man to work it. The English Government is small In justice—it ig only great in erime. It bag more capacity for theft than any organization oa earth, It is an organized burglary. It is to Governments what Dick Turpin was to siamo coaches. It is force under the form of Inw, force used not for protection but for spoliation, ‘Poor Ireland is its pet victim, Poor [reland lays under the claws uf the British lion. The Rrttish lion, when. closely examined, is not a lion at all. Heis a hyena. There Is nothing leonine at all in the beast. ‘The lion 3 satistied when his stomach is full—tnere is uo bottom to the Eritish stomach. It is an unnatural combi- nation of xppetite with greed, and poor, help- less Ireland Iles close to her powerful ‘claw with the hot breath of the monster upon her, - unable either to fight or run. Ircland makes Poland respectable, Rnssiat tyranny. bas found its parallel in ‘Curistiau Eo gland. rr THE LIVERMORE PEN, zi now selling for 3! former price $3, {s equal in quality to any stylographic or fountain pea made; but there are cheap imnitations, worthless as writing Instruments, and purchasers should be gure to get the Livermore. Stylographic Fea Company, 38 Mudison street, Uhicugo. a A $3 STYLOGRAPHIC PEN FOR $1.75. For n few days we offer these popular fountain pens (or fluid pencil) at $1.75 exch. You shouid avail yourself of such au opportunity. They aro a sensible present. Call at the agency, opposite Tue Trisune, % Madison street. “SANTA CLAUS" suggests for your Christmas: present that you order one of Mr. Mosher’s superb crayon OF pastel portraits of yourself. “SANTA CLAUS” oe suggests onc of Me. Mosher's beautifal papel ;: beudoirs for your sweetheart for a present. A “SANTA CLAUS” suggests that you order a duplicate dozed your, * Memoriat portraits” from Mr. M 195 State atreet, for a Christmas souvenir. of