Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 22, 1881, Page 12

12 THE CHICAGS TRIBUNE. TUESDAY, NOVEMBER oo ~~ 1881I—TWELVE PAGES. THE POST-OFFICH Extracts from the Annual Re- port of Postmaster-Gen- eral James, An Able and Interesting Docn- ment, Showing the Serv- ico as It Is, About a Billion Letters Were Posted Last Year—Threo Million "Died" Prosperous Condition of tho Money-Order Business, aud Its Workings ab Home, History of the Growth of De- ficiencies in the Postal- Service. A Climax of Extravagance Reached In the Institution of the Star . Routes, ———_— Tho Postmaster-General Objects to Care rying Freight ns Mall Matter, and Would Abolish It. Free Dolivery of Lotters in the Cities Has Actually Paid tho Depart- mont, Bptelal Dispates to The Chicaoo Tribune, Wasutsotox, D.C, Noy, 21.—Following are the leading features of Postmastur-Gen- oral Jumes? report: FINANCIAD STATEMENT. The total oxpenditures mide re te coum of service for the fecal ye * ended June ABD, Wert... $90,251, 700.40 The revenues wore ns follows ceainay Pay sau + $00, 480,810.58 ecutpts from muneys ‘ ai order bushes... 295,681,00 25,785,097.07 Excess af oxpenditures on nent . of the seal year over recelpts for thosume,.. Crees tee To whieh should be added tha not imnount. charged on the books of tho Auditor—us apperrs by his ree port—for bad debts” and " cuin- Prouslse " NCCOUNTS.. + se eserseeee Making a total excess of, POBTAGE-BTAMPS, STAMPED POSTAL*CARDS, 2,460,038,49 1,790.80 © B48, 13.05 VELOPES, AND Valued at Yho number of ordl- nary postuyo-atiin ps fgsticd during = the Usenl SEUr WHE... eee 054,128,450 $24,010,027.00 _ Newapiper and period- Teal BtUINDS......65.. 105788 1,008,074,00 Spee stub for tho pleco OF postiya GNorsreectececersrerse QOMTIO. 54,500.00 anny core yun 008,500,500 B,020,005.00 Suimped — enveluped, ; pin aoa 300,201,900 07.47.74 amped" “cuvulope apuelal requeste.e. se 2.024 481.76 Newspaper wrappet 431,15 L.60 Otlita! postage: stata ly riiite Melu) stumped ou opea and WEApBUrs..« 2,085,000 SA Agerogating....6+ 150011042 $025,405.01 INCREASE IN ISSUES OF POSTAGE-STAMI'S, The tuerenge In the number and amount of the foregoing tssues over those of tha proylous Hows: FanNinahown sa 0 Flseal year Flecat year A ended dune ened June one ee Gace 580, h 181. SAID. et 6$20,414,028,00 — $24,040,027.00 Ni an Rodan stun, Jape 1 rhe atures ts sca 5 Postntcenrds.« 2aSNATNOD —B,084,505.00 2,198,238,03 2047, 000.74 LAIN pe 1 bh est. 208199515 R021, $81.55 ‘apecinl req! 08 inti Nowspaper-wrappara B91, 787.00 Total ordinary is. BUU8s rs, + YH 0, 618,03 OMclal stamps, stamped envelopes, $31,183,600.00 BNA WIAPPOr Sse veers 151,823.48 141,952.82 ROSH SHS 45.01 POSTAGE ON SECOND-CLASS MATTER, Tho tutal amount of postage collated durin, tho year un nowspapers and poriadicals mualle to revular subscribers from known olticcs of publication amd from news ieencies, nt two ceuts per pound, wils €1,000IHEOE, un inerense of B17?,600.08, or a little over 14 per cont, Of the total amount derved fruut thls source, 27.05 per cont waa cullucted at New York; 10.01 ver cent at Chienxo; 6.3 per cent a: Boston; 6.02 per cont at Piiludetpbins 4.09 percent at Auguata, Me; 4.61 per cont at St Louls; 3.06 per cent at Clnvinnutt; Lil per cont at San Fruvicisvo: 10s por vent at Detroit: 12 per cent at Lowiaviltes 4.25 por vent at Cleveland: 12 per cont at Mitwaukeos Lie por cont ut Pitts. ure; LOL per cent nt Toleduy und 83-100 of 1 per cent at Hultiinare, Tho Netwon allices named collected 7.46 per cent, Or nearly three-fourths of tho whole amount renilzed, Sha welyht of accond-ctuss matter wailed was 0,078 483 pounds, Or HN tong, Tho number of post-oftleus nt which tha wintter wis milled ‘waa 4.821, an Increase of B08 aver the mumber for the previvus yunr, DEAD LETTERS, By careful reckoning based upon an notunal count mindy i overy post-ciliva In tho United Bites ducing the tirat week in Deceuber, 18k, it bas been uscertuiued that the whole umber of iettors muited In this country in tue lise fisent yen" wits 1,010,107.818, ‘The nutaber revching the Deud-Letter Oftice during the eume purlad was ‘BEE1021, or one In every 3b, Tho totul mimber of otters, and of packngesthut were of sutlicient value to be recorded and ned, recolved during the year onded June s4, 1881, wi an tas rover the wumber received durs lug the preceding year. For conventence of troatment thay were classified as fulluwa; | Une oluimed domestic lottors, 279.050; held tor Osten, 27,214; inisdirvcted, wate Mat inelud= Tow aise foreign Jotters with linperfcetor ure runcous addresses); Withuut any superseriptinn whutgver (the tanjority of thai beurins atnips topay postuge), Usi0s letters nddressut to fore olan countrivg, and ‘containing accleles (ait, Jewolry, ote.) whieh are forbidden to be sone in the international mnils, Lev; lutters of furelen origin, 24, b7 (of which Bi,lds were Kent to the. Deat-Lottec Oitieo on Aveount of erreneaus uF fiipertect addresses); fereag pares opened), E500; and douiestlo puckuges, 62,001, Of the lottore nud paykued opened, 1017 whre-found to conut(y no Mow to FU DSTO 02, contamed “dra! money urders, sheek a, notes, ute., Chu ugureate tice value of Which was Sh A GG2.58s 07,078 gon tiinad receipts, ibid ut aa and canceled obzadons uf atl sor iil cantiined photographs; 01,55 cou winall remittances of postuye-stumpes aud [1 7): #13 there were found Valuable nrticles uf thind aud’ fourth clige matiog In ontluss variety. “Whe amount of monuy sophirated from) end fepters for which no clujumnt could be found. wis $0,051.40, which wus dopoalted in the Trenaury, ‘Lhe awount of postage collected upan sbort= pald matter forwarded to destination, and pon Unelalmed packages of third und fourth elise . MOttor returned to owners, wis KNW, The records of the department show Unit S28018 registerod luttera and pucknyes Were inaiidd In thiy vountry duriow the yeur, OF thia number only 20H teached the Dend-Lotter Ofties; and of these 2.101 wore nally delivered to the awaits era, tho bulauce boluy pliced on fle awalttige identitication by thy purtivs lutereated, THE POSTAL MONEY-ONDEM: BYBTES ‘Tho operations of the Inoney-order system are muluplying yearly under the Jmpuisy of prod- Berous trade aud the Jutticuce of Immigration, with the rapid devefopinent of tho newer Bhates and Territories, wud the dutuand for uddltional ticans of intercummunicadon and exchunge. At the commoncement of the ust tiscul yeur the total number of post-attices authorized to jsaue and to pay domestic monoy-urdera was 4,6, Aburiug the year 4) additiunnl money-order a! tices were vatubllshed, and seven were discontine ved, lewving 66d in operation on the Bor any of June, 1881, Since thon 18 now ollices tnve been established, taki the woule number of muney-order ollices in operauan at dite of this report 6,400, ISSUKS AND PAYMENTS OF DOMESTIO MONEY= ORDERS, The number of domestic miuney-ore Puy sented Husa the ited bind g » Of the uyyregute value §105,075,700.85 UL, oes see vee. Tho number of such ore dere paid during the suind tine was 7,027,~ 720, umounting {0 v: uo 60,...+ ‘To which must be add. ad the amount of or ators repaid to reuilt+ LOTR ec eecseesrae eee TOtAlees sevsee Tho oxcees of iesnca over phyments we ‘Tho total nmount of feos paid by the public to Postamstors for the fagues of domestic orders was....8 — 060,702.75 DUILICATR MONEY-ORDERS, Duplicates of domestic monoy-orders to tho number of 18,391 wore tasuoil by the Departmont during tho flaval yeat, ‘Eho wumber issued dure ing tho proenits yunr was wi7. Such orders fare issued without additional charge, Thoy sro In edges werd tha oricluals hive been de stroyed before paymunt, or lost in transmisston, or from sumo unknown cause bive fuited to reavh tho piyen, of when, through operation of Tuw, the origina have become invalld becuse not’ presented for payment until more thun a yer frown date, or aro inveltdated by a accond indorsemnent; also, to the remitters and in thelr favor In enses where the payment of the origine nig, dean ty favor of tho provrletors or amcuts of Truttdulant lotteries, of of peraons ensnged in conducting other avheinys or devices for npinine ing money through the malls by means of Talse or fraudulent pretonses, bis been prohibited by the Hostmnater-U in pursuance of tho provisions of Bev. 4,041 of tho Rovised Statutes of the United Stnto: TRANSFER OF MONEY-ORDER FUNDS. At many otfiees tho ninount of money-ordors Pasably fs continously or uccuslonally grentor thi the amount of orders fexued, © Postimsters At such ollices are authorized to transfer funds from tho postage ta the monecy-order account for the purpose of meeting the demant for tho: puyinent of money-orders. In dase whero tho postage funds aro insulfciont or not available or the purpose at oflices cast of tho Hocky Mountiins, Postmnsters are allowed each a uredit ton dealgunted xmount with the Posts jnater at New York and Instructed to draw onhim ts the exigencies of tho monoy-ord bustiess may require. In tke enses in the Pie! lo States and Territories Postmmasters ure sup plied with Candas by the Postmastorat Sau Prane uisco, Cal, or the Postinnetor at Portland, Ore. ‘rho dratts drawn ne Postmasters during the your against tho credits allowed thom, ns stated, ‘with the Postmaster at Now York, amounted to $9,054,20.01, while during the sume perigd Post- mastera on the Pacitie slopo who required s+ sistance to pay orders drawn upon thelr ollicey wero furnished with funda to tho Htnonnt Of $2y3,703 by tho Postmuster nt San Fruucisco, and to the ainount of | $25.ik0 by tho Postmaster at Portland, Ore. The transters nite by Postinasters from the. postage to the enoy-order nevulint amounted to $80,009.05, And the transfers made by thetn from the money order to the pustige nvcount to $4tit 40 leaving nt the close of tho yearn balance In favor of the litter recount of $461,005.07,.whieb Aum his been duly refunded by fs deposit mindy Sept. 27, 1séi, in the ‘Treasury for the postal nervier. : LOST REMITTANCES, Seventy-soven casen of alicged lost remlt- tances of surplus money-order funda, xmount- iru to $10,753, ne shown th Table C, pazy — were uniter Investigation during the ser. & teen of these, Involving the amount Of Fao, were untees undergoing Investigation at the crose of the previous year, and tive, Inwhieh the amount invuived was Silty wera coves of lose wleged to have veeurred during’ that yeur, but not reported to the depirtment unell after dune d0, 128), Allowances were granted during the gene. after due {vestigation an ao- count of losses of this kind, nagrexoting ST to the vredit of the Vostmasters by whoin the re- mittinces were made, which sium constitutes the from of © lost remittanees” under the heul of Heventies and Expenses of the Domestic Money Order System, atuted below. Clulis for credit | Pay { rind: {tts to be sokl to tho punlia for a for of Three conta, end ne duplicase ean be bssed an at postales f The malbiid a nerwing, Awatttad above, thls postel-arder 14 to bo cons fined to sume v witd fs not intended ts a substitute Cor mci yearns of ku smnit AunoutTes, but tata be lesued concurrently with tho ordinary money. order, 60 that a roimitter who desites to acid fn sminil eune by mall wil huve the option of purchnatng o postalsorder for three cents, of which, if It bo lust. n duplicate vannot be issued, or n moneysorder for the gate Amount for Ave conte, for which, in case of logs, t duplicato is granted. In tho one en: tho rick Ig taken by the romitter 1f he chooses to do so; Inthe other case, the department na- sumed the eutiry responsiiilty for tha trang. misaion and pilymont of tho amount tua des- {guurted payee. Postnt-orders aro to bo printed bank-note miper from engraved tes, with avery Precaution amidst countertelting, and wre to Deut such A size as to Ue convoniently transmitted In an ordinary lotter-size envelope. For myktng sinall remittances by tail tho postal-order would answer the purpose for which fractional currency was formerly largely used and for which com Is not suitebie, whic at the saine tine this order could tot be gonvane fently employed as a clreuinting medium, vi cnusd it would be fsstied, not, like tractionsl curs reney, for round sttins, but for nll, possibte amounts.under $5, and would pe invalid ff not proseitted for payment within threa months rom the tenth of tau, Tam of the opinion that tho Superintendent's plans entirely practienble nnd well entetlated toineet the popular demand, und that appro: pe lowisintion to carry out the project would @ Very neveptabls to tho public. THE DEGINNING OF DEFICIENCTE The rates of letter-postage were reduced by the not of March i, 161, front five to three conts, Thero were also reduations nindo for aseemid and third cliss matter. The etlect of these reductions wie a very much gronter dinil- nition of the. reventies thun was expected: at the samo time it was found necessary to rei Just the commissions of Postmasters, which ae! ally inercnsed the cuat of collecting the rey uues of thodepartmont. But thore was ut this pon thin date A'RADICAL DEPARTURE from the theory which the founders of or Gove ernment adopted, aud which had up to that time boon tenaciously adhered to. Sev, Toft the act of Maren 3, 1851, provided “that po post ole now ‘in existence aball be discontintted, nor shill tho majt service on any mati route in any of tho Stutos or Territories bo discon tinued or diminished In coneequance of nny ditination of the revenues that may result from this act; and it shalt be tho duty of tho Posunaster-Gooeral ta establish new post= oitices, and plage the mall servico on any new tail routes established, or that may hereafter be established, in the anne manner as though this net bnd net pa: . This did not repeal the act of 1625 reaulring the Postinaster-General todiscontitve all routes not producing after three years one-fourth the cost of tnaiutiining thom.” [t was not designed to repenl thut inw; It wasn mero tomporury provision; ha po: fice was tu be discontinued, und the mall service was nor to sulfer because “of any diminution of the revenues that muy reault from this net.” Nevertheless, the discon> tinuance of routes because they did nut ylold one-fourth the expense of ninintaining them eendunlly conged, 1nd the fnw of 125 fu this pare teular becamy a dead letter. eat? Principia recognized in tho act of 1847, mH THE GOVERNMENT'S MAILS ought not to bo x charge upon the pe inl fund, ‘wit still more positively revogalzed In the act of ISL. Not only was anunuual appropriation ot $10,000 nude'to pay "for tho mail service per= formed for the two ‘Inuses of Congress and tho Other departinents and ollices of the Govern- to the dinount of SL8lT un accaunt of tha loss Of ning of the nllexed remittances were disal- towed, and $238 of tho losses reported were recovered by post-otlice inspectors In the serve fev of the Department, while In three instances, In whieh the amounts together aagreqated the Bit OF SMEG, le was uscertained thut the realt- tnnees had’ heen detuyed tu transit and bod flually reached thule destlintion. ‘Chus, its ts minutely set forth In tha aforementioned table C, thirty-faur of tha total number of enses, nz- gregating $4,896, were Uepasud of during the yeurended Juno 90, 18st, and forty-three, in whieh the clilina together amounted to $6,040, rommnlned unsottied at that date. MONEY ONDENS ENNONEOUSLY PAID. During the year cians were Mud In thirty-six enses vn account of alleged improper payment of invney order Whe amount of al these elnima was §' ‘Thelr number, compared with tho total numbor of payments made durlug: fog. yen, [8 us one [0 211,831. dD monay Orders, nmounting tu 82,16h40, were In vestlgated during tho year, sixty-three of thans were cnses of Payments made during previous yenrs, wad of these twonty-two were not brought to the notien of the department une tl atter June i), 1. In thirty-three Instances the amounta, the total of whiel wits $477.75, word reeaverel by post-ollice Inspectars aud puid uver to the rightful awners; In seven cnaes, In which tho ordera altogether amoutited to eo. tho paying Poatinasters were, alter duo liv gittion, held reapanstble for the erroneuns pays Tents; My four, where erroncous payment wus directly attributable to curelesness on the part ‘of reinittere, payees, or indorsecs, they wore re- aulred to austin the loss, $124; in nine, the loss, $208.84 ultogether, was ussumed by the department, the puying Postmaster having bean found not at faults aud in el it wie Dre talned that tho orders, amownting to $: been orlzinilly puld to tho pr ‘Thlrtyetive claims, fuvolying the payment of 2162.19, were pending nt the cloau of the yenr. ‘Tho receipts und expenditures of the domestio moncy-order system fur the tscal yerr unded gue 0, 1881, are reported by the Auditor us fol- ows nety-nine cusea of ulleged improperly pald NEOEIFTS. Fees on orders Jesuutt...,. Premiums, Ct0...e000r- EXPENDITUNES, ‘Comnnitssions ond clerk re, Bad debts... Aneidenwul &: t Excess of receipts over oxponditure: + Doing eross revenue, . nS1.GL UNCLAIMED MONEY-ONDEM FUNDS, ‘Tho mtnount of unclulmed moucy orders, do- meatio and forelen, at the cloay of tha fiscul yeur ended June th), 1st, fs esthnitod by the Auditor ne ¥120,00, At gue end of the wume sear the approximate amount due by the United States to foreign countries on account of tre exchitnge of money orders with them was ¥iX0,000, and the moneysordur eyatetn ible it thu wuine time for tho: paynient to eupiry for the service of the Post-Uillee Departmont of the ainaunt of the revenue from tho Intermtional moncy-order business far tho Agent year anded dime ol, R81, estinmted at 40,000, Lut the total amount of. mones-order Tunds fn the Sub-Trensury ot New York Uity on June ®, Ws). utter deducting the mannut due thy postage account for transfers Cram the post- age to tho money-order uceount, und also the atnonnt of tho unuial revenue for the list your, Wis S1.01001.97. Ibis apparent, therefore, that tho total unclaimed amount as vatinated by tho Auditor, 81,250,000, could nut be turned over to the ‘Trenaury for the service of the Pos! Otlce Denurtment — withouy detriment to hoo monoy-ordur — Bystomy — becuuso, 9 ft that event. thera would remain in’ the fhauds oF tho Assistuut ‘froawurer ouly $Uil,- OAT, o wm Insuiliclent by $6800.15 to pe, the Indetreitness to foreign countries ant tbe rove enui-from) the internitional munvy-order busl~ hugs forthe list fisenl your, ‘Phe amount rep- resenting ghia deficit forms a purt of tho sm of S1427, 103.0, which nt data of June 30, 1531, was int hands ot Postmastors in the farm of ro- serves to meet the payment of arders and fi rue aafttances ii transit, thls batter Bua of 81,4%,~ 108,49 foriing the birger portion of the working vapltal of the muney-order system, There 1s NO PROVISION OF LAW UNDE WHICH “THIS, UNCLAIMED MONEY CAN }} Pisvosen oF, It would avom tobo expediont tint w partion of it should be turned over to § ct re service of the Post-Olico Dilpttt he Sus perlntendont of the monuy-urder syatein sui- Keats that ft would be wold tocrotnin tu the hands of tho Assixtant Irensurer,for the operations of the agevice a sum equal tothe amount or all unpaid money-orders dring wo period of Ave yeura next preceding the commencement of ouch fiscal your, It rarely dtp. pens that on mianvy-order more than vo yours’ old is presented for payment. It deemed expedient. tn the dntercat of payves of monoy-ordors, 4 longer period, for example seven oF Len yeurd, iniglit bo txed by Congress during which the Mineuut of any money order would by payaule ta the awnor thorgof, und bu- youd whleh tho amount of all orders unpald Would acury to the United states, POSTAL ORDERS FOR LESS THAN FIVE DOL wiry for the %4 - LARS. Although the moury-order fulfills overy rea sonable expectation’ of remitter und payee, woere tho amount sent ig considerable, av strat and growing demand ting uriven slice the with drawal of fractional curruney from elroulation Tor some devicu ly whieh muounte under yi could be transmitted by mit at legs cost that at Preavat, f dusire to onl! speviil attention to tha pian propose by: the Superimusenn for the ransmnlavion of mins less than 8 by meni ot au order of a new form, tobe tormud poytal- order," in which the written appitcuttien and the advice. which ta the eblet element of expense ap wellusar seourity, are to be dlapensed with, bu that these orduré inuy bu Isaued more ox peditiouvly und ot cheaper rates than money orders, . ‘The bier und distinguhibing futures of the proposed postal ardurd, besides tho abecuce of The ppptication and the advier, are these—vin3 aan complete sitceuard aguliet alteration uf tha atnount to be pald, thy tgurce whleb rupees sent that amount uve te be punched grom paroe rows of figures upon the right of tho carder, ws, tt FP EXPL, If postaleorder bo fesued tor A, the Zid to bie punched out of the Bret or dolturs column, the b from the second or dims column, aud thy 44yom tho third or cents cul- Uinn. Again, uo record la tu be kept of tho pane of tho rewittur or uf the payee of u postat-order which puys able to the bearer at designated monney-urdery ottico at uuy tine witkly three Dionths thw thy month of tawue, If presented utter the expiration of ture wontha froin tho lagt day of tho month of lusue, itty 10 he cushudl payment of an additioual fuy equil original fee for overy three montba or by ‘onths fu ‘excess of that por ment," but the money: Shproveintal by the uct of INT which had nor been drawn trom tho ‘Yreasury was made avaliable and the appro- priution, continued. By these two anict. ments Congress solumniy recognized tho great principle tinderlying the establishment of tho Post-Ottice = Department that — the revonuos collected through postal churnyges are not te bo used for any other purpose thin that for whieh they are usscseed and collecteriom namely? to attard the people the best posalble postal fuellittes at tho Jewst possible cost, Not ven the Goverrinent, whleb assumed tho con- trot and administration of tho postal fund, bas an equitable rieht to charge It with tho cast of perforiing ite oficiul mail service. However, proin eaEs (ee the policy which onlarged very muc THE SCOPE OF THE POST-OFFICE DEPART- The opportunity which wag then offered for Increased expemiltures of money In extending the mall gervicu was a very favorably ous, ho recently sequired territary on the Paciiic eaust had, by the discovery of gold, assumed the ut- tnost Hnportnice, Tho tide of emigration west- ward reecived a new Snipetus, ‘The populous States cnet of tho Mississipp) River were scpa- rated from the new Eldorado by a vase stretch of untnbublted country and b; then supposed to be an almost inp i wmountains, ‘Che cost of supplying the rapiity> Muuviting population ou the Pueitic canst with male was necessarily great, Whit was etterily mn branch yost-oflice depietment to be usttbiished In San Francisco. The advertisement nnd tetting of anuil runttes bad deleyuted to a special nzent of the department clothed with extraordinary power for this purpose, Tne grent diatunee Tram the Bout of Goverument, and the detay tn comininicnting with tho deptrtinont’s jgents dngident ton long set .voyure, crippled tho eforts of the Goverment in estublishing a mail service. Privitu enterpriag, always atert to selzo opportunities which promise large returna Upon BInai Investmonts, Wis equul to this occas sion, and THE EXPRESS MAILS OF CALIFORNIA wore the result, Tho minors depended largely upon the private expresa compinlos, not ouly for thelr nucessury supplied, but ua Bufo me: diums of trursnitting tholr accuinuiations. to frivuds or A pice of safety, It was but untusal that the general uffice at the express company. nt Sun Seunciseo should become the address of all the adventurers whu Hocked to the golden shores of the Pueitle, Tho uxpreas company rendily undortook the task of deliveriag teuera thus decunulatiog at thelr otice, because It was very prolitable, They could chuirge what thoy picused, “Chis was the ortin af whet is known ne Wells, Fargo & Co.'s postal servico. in Culifornin—an institution ta whlch the puople bave: become xo tecustomed that, nutwith- ienowle 1 olllciunoy of tho juverninent service, they still yvory’ hirgcly prtronlzg it. The building of tho Panuoie all> roud did not decrense tho coat of transporting the mally to Cultfornii. ‘that company bad Mmonupoly of transportation norags the latins al vexulated its own chirges, For suveral yeurs the Gavernincnt was at tie mercy of. the rallroad company, Thou followed other mall fuutes by way of Zchuantepee and across Mexico. Adventurers and schemors awarmad nbout the curridors and Inbored sesston atter session of Comeress for apecinl coutrnets, The great overland routes were established, and vust suing werg phunally drawn from the Treasury for this costly brancli of tha serviue, ft {a not my purpose to discuss tho wisdom of the administration of tho Post-Ovlco Depict- iment during tid perigd. lt was nn unueuul ou- custon. It wis undoubtedly the duty of the Government to furnish to thosy outlymy settle munts the speediest and safest postal facilities pee. it must be remembered also thit nui rues gusumod the entire responsibility of tho GREAT OVERLAND MAIL SERVICE, and ostublished the routes, and prescribed tho service and (he rites of compensition thyre for, ‘Tov only diseration left to tue PostmustereGen eral was the determination, in the frst tustines of the one most ndvaninugcous umonz the gover al routes sugyested, And, moreover, the custat operatiiy Uiese large and expensive routes with Hot nuidy 4 chirae Upon the regaitr postal fund, Tho wypreprintion was at fest speeliic. wnt tho gecountls Kupt sepiraie ia the Post-Ollica De- partnent aa wellaa inthe Treasury, Mut litte by Hitle the departure from the loug-catublished pringlpleof the dupartinont yrew more und wure Fadien), and VUE ANNUAL DEFICIENCY kept pnco, tit in the yenr 180 the oxponditures exeeeded the receipts by more Thin 10,500,000, Tho penple gradually enetamed to th department. ‘the col the expende of thy Gov Parnuively onsy, aad pra dety wy Postiminter-Ga untae and by bed bi to the hoi v4 Ougs UPON Whien aur Mnthars bud catubinbed tt, Le heenmoe tho tush Jon te go te Congrees and through Wills ostablishing routes and ertbiug pay Tor ste and such Kerview thereon. If tho demir. wbunt atlumpted to “hold coutractors ton atrict “pertormiaiuce of thelr contracts, und to oxat pehaltiva for thu non-perfurnyunice of service, hoy resorted to Congress fur relict, id seldunt falled to obtnit it, ‘ THM INEVITAULE RESULT, ' Tho result was, of coury, inevitable, In this na in every other cuse, the depurtire once made Trot wWiKG and prudent proctice, und avery veils of extrayauanee necessarily follawa, Tb id pot (ho Mmedite evil Lit 16 tp be feared: {ho most, but tho train of other and still grewter rasultunt evils. ‘Who condition of the dupa Anent i TA hit beourne ahtrainyg, ‘Ho deficit Wan 810,002,562.59, and this cnermuus detlgiuncy: ead stk bite oF w late but honest efuri, ts nuidy towards the close oF Tueban'd Adiuinisteaton, 18 revormn exiing abuses and curh hivieh expenditures, e y Medalty elfect of the War upon the ue Wes Litzuly to duercuse thon, telrprisiiy, bovuisG WIth umillion of soldiers It the iutd, chietly drawn from, v vines Whose correspondence Is tn ordinary tlives quite. Uinticed, tho Volume of mail mative wits thereby wremy jucreaved, Ande mureaver, every busi Nes Hoterest was atiiuluted th tha Utalegt by the onuraions expenditures of thy Government for war wuterml and aupolies. ‘The guneral correapondejicg was, uf course, Yropordionutely favrensed and the postal rovenuca swollen. Tho cutting olf of the mul servic in tha South and Southwest largely reduced tho expormiitures of the Voat-ONlce Heyrinent, and witbuligh the expeneiye und Unprulltuble averlaud ninlls con Unued to bo beavy dntin, tho departinont ut frat slowly aud then rupidly begun to be fitted OUT OF THE SLOUGH OF INSOULVENC Tn 190) tho expenditures excceded the ri by §2,b23.513.25, In Ibed the detivit was OUCH, Dut fis [65 the receipts bud amounted above the sryeniurre $50), AW, BTHOO oppurtunity was ofercd at the close of the Rebelilon to néve giuutalned the departe mene Upon tho anclont basis of honest buainess pr ' Helples to whirk the aceilent of MDI beck. Hits ntortinnitely, this aps tilly was not subeaved, ‘Chu fold tor sue V1 ventives Upon the ‘Trensury wan re tuted ns tha demand for war supplics consed war ct and THE POST-OFFICK DEVARTMENT ATTRACTED THE SPOLLENS, Who bad found occupation elsowhers during the War, ‘Tho prosperity of tho loyal States was at Hood-tlde, ‘The million of rave mon why tee turned to peaceful Yocations carried Into civit Iife the samo courngo and persistence which en abled them to crush the Rebettion, Southern suelety was domernized—Southern industry waa paralyzed—by tho transition from an oll to a new ayatem. Tho Sotth fauneuished for a Une, but the contagion of prosperity was res i fer cottoy-Helds, ns if qulckoue newod viEge. by the tlood ebed in tholr lu dotense, blossomed with un jucrensed yield of 4 stiple for which the markots of the world tere enger. ‘Tho wor taxution, continue in peaco, tilicd tho Treasury to overtiowing. The peopie, Hushed with vietory, radiant with Joy nt the res turn of peago and the preservation uf the Union, Prosperous and contentad, weru not disposed to quostion tho motives of tholr gervants, or to grumble if oxpenditures wero not reduced. The time was auspicious and tho opportunity favorable for extravagant expouditures by who Post-Ullico Department, Tho TUK FALSE AND VICIOUS TITRORY that the postal fund could bo properly ehargod with subsidies fur thu devdlopment of conttineree on theshigh eexs, or the envourayeniont of pri- Yate entorprisy on land, tind zealous advocates tn the Departinent ludin Congress, The non ‘who praitted by the ftl-Judged Mboratity, the erlminal wagte of tho public money, swarmed about the halls of legistution, and in the midat of the political exeltument and confusion Inci- dent to tho Administration of Andrew Johnson, were enabled to lolby through many schemes which the sober judgment of te country has since pronounced unmitigated evils, It was during this period thitt the practice of i STRAW DIDDING Atndluehingly prevailed, and snerensed Inrgély tho cost uF tho star malt services in tho Western States and Territories. ‘Tho combluntion of contractors, Who tion dominnted the Dupart- ment and deficd the Inw, not only robbed the Govorntnent, but tholr evil Influence ts. felt to thia day. ‘fhe extenslou of the mall service was unquestionably fur in advance of tho actual tteeds of the country, The enormous pay for fost dally servico over many tony star routes wan inrentity a subsidy or bounty to tho pros prietors of stuge lines. The exeuse for those excesalve expenditures was Umt tho develop: ment of : the country was accelerated and ¢iv- {Hznctiou advanced thereby, Adinittiig this to he true, for the arko of argument, it ts quertion- able whethor the good accomplished Iu tho ro- mute regions of the West compensated for tho positive ovil whieb resulted here from tho DEGRADATION OF OFFICIAL MORALS Tt {91 foot, which cannot bo denied. that tho sounds’ attending tho administration of tho Post-Otico Departinent during the past quarter of n century have becn very serious In tholreon- sequences. Tho reaponslbility tor thle evil rests: largely upon the Icgistntive branch of the Gov- rnment, because the power tu remedy it could ‘og been Gxerted at any tle, RE-ESTADLISUMENT OF SOUTHERN MAIL SERVICE, The retstablishment of mail sorvica in tho Southern States utter the War increased cosld- erably tho expenditures of tho depurtinent, aud tho revenues were not Increased in the same Proportion. ‘Thera was nt diminution of tho re celpts $1 1866, and but waslight increase in 1817, ‘The exvewlleures in ley exceeded the revenues by nenrly $4,000,000, or more thin one-ftth of the totnl receipts. In Ibi, 1 deende Inter, the deficiency hal not dimtalshed, the p nee still being the same. From tit tlie, however, the [neranse of tho revenues his boen Jarge, and In 1880 the detigiency was ily 10 per cent of the revoties. This was accomplished by tho nate ural growth of the country aud not by any ef- fort tv ecouomize, THE POST-OFFICE SHOULD NOW BE BELT- SUSTAINING, The country hus rouched that stage in tho progress of its materiul development where, It geome to inc, an elfort ought tobe made to being thy credit and deult sides of the department's bulnnee abeet nonrer toguthor, Allor nourly all tho long and expensive star routes -bavo been sttperseded by railroud sorvico. Tue cust ot tho stor service ought therofore to rapidly decronay in. the Western States ond 'Territorics. A careful and impartial ex- amination of the star service made during tho past summer anitisticd the Department that large redguotions could be mado without causing any inconvenience to the sections.of country sup. piled thereby. In this connection I respectrully enil attention to that portion of tho yery able report of the Second Asstatint Postmaster-Gou- en, which donls with the stur service. He sys: Now avrvice lax been established, and incrousod tripe have buen ordered on ronton belteved to raquito. uddivional fuellities, white routus beliaved to be Use- less Lave been dixcontinited, ottiurs reduced tn trips, ev, and dtulnished tn expedition, A019 mitten in oxeoss Of tho number, einmbrneed In tho increase of 4 routes haa buon ne compitshed only by careful tnvestization touching thu necds of the people in the section of cannery at~ fovted, A, part, huwarer, of the decronse ts dita to tho oxtomston of raiiraud rontes, wileh, suporsudod 8 portion of the stur servicw. in cortuin insinneas It Was ngcertultied thut tnureseed (ripa and oxpedited svtodites Lad not bean partormed by conteactore aftor «tho | ordera ani alluyancys — therefor, snd in but few lustinces have te poople yyon the rotttes inndy complaint As “far ns can Le nacertiined tho ordora rodacmy this hurvicu hive not causul embarrassment, sud {no few euses, to those citlauns dirvetly Intoromted in tho routes, the fires tnrormncion that nuy incrousod triny or wpged had bocn urderod was contatned {n tho notices of tls curitinuance, ; REDUCTION IN STAN ANDSTEAMNOAT BERY- “ICH IN 1881, ‘The total reduction maio during tho lust Mseal year Jn tho star sorvicu way 463,802 por munity, WL soe Of the orders did not take effect till the begiunt the prosent tise! yusr. ‘Tho nut reduction, silos for new aud inerinsuil wervice, during to luwe: Haead Jenn wun fut Lit: Tho ntrecntd roduetlon of the.coNt Of Atanmbuat survlen for thy (ant tiseut your Was $2 froin which ty tobe deducted the gust oF incrousud survicd, 85465, makin the nut rudictlon soul TRUS, Inrin the prosont daca) your reductions amounting 10 {LGN have been nade in uly stir servies, ‘Tho bout service durin the sxite thing fins beon re- Lb. ‘There have bean Ieronses in the cost UC tho sinr service to the wxtunt Of F16Le0} und uf stuambont service to the ainuunt of RAGo. 4! reductions from July Vio Geni, in the: tar an atenmbout sorvice, nf $682,287. hema rewults wey bo surnmnrized ua followas ateam dluced Aungregaty reductions in star sorvice from, ‘Sturelt to Junta sy 188t enpese$ OS5,852 Aguregnte roduett dui ta Got. iH, Leal, «- TOMO51 Auurennte tedue es akin, Mare wa duo MISE oes BLO gucegale reductions In mtdatiiont service frou July 1 tu Got, Bly 1841.. sist? ETRE) Agarcgato incroaros of atnr sorvico. Trout Maroh to June 58, 1s8lse., wo0 $291,683, Avgregite Incrousus, of star sorvica alton ditty 1 to Uot. tly isbee sass uerexuta {nereatos' of ‘tout ‘wurvico from Murch to June , ‘8! Aminute Investigation Into alleged AUUSES IN THE BTAIGNOUTH SERVICE wns tnstituted by direction of the Inte Preal- dent, und fs still boing proavouted. ‘ho Vost- Oltico Department bas codperated, and will cans tinue to codverute, with the Department of Juss tice in this tvestigudion, No ote who bag not been directiy concurned in tho tutte can fully noproehats the mmgnitude of tho Sonariokinin tho mnas of record evidence oxiiniuud, the dite culties of a personal investigauon In sparsely- suttled torritories, aud tho resulta atinined by the paticnt and fitellizont Inbors of tho Lipo tors of this department, There can bonodoult, Trom the fac) aievady ascertained, that tho: isting stututes feuve the way open to wduses, und that there da abundant ground for vaking a judicial investigation of the transitc- tions oF the list fow yourd, ‘The one erluus diiteuity in the way of bring ing back tho depurtincnt to a self-sustaining Ontels ta the: ‘ CONSTANTLY INCHEASING COST OF THI MAILWAY MALL BEBVICH, This Increase duvhyg tho past tiveal year wus $497.440, T reweet Go ay tut ibere su deneiency of sor this broach of the serves For the tigent Yenr ended June 3, 1831. which must be provided for, nid wise that there tise be nn ine ereuscbuppropriation fer the sme xorvicw of $2,007,310 for the Lseal your ending Junu dv, 1e83, ‘The vstinate for the Nscal year ending June vd, 1g, roy the ralhway servied ts 510,055,000, Vhere bas recently been ‘an uipirecedauted seowtl OF nullrouda, and tniaacconts lirgely tor the enone tous lierense of the gest of the rallway eorviee, There were up to June W, Wal, beeeeT intles of new service an waieh the pay wader the how wat readjusted; and from July | to Get, 1h new Aurvicd wand estiblished On UUs qilies of new road, | 2t fa eatiniated that thore will be botweon Oct. 18, 14h, wr Suio ty TRG, 6d atles Of Mew service to bo ndded, ‘Those Uyures, however, do ‘not reprerent thy entire coat of the rallway mil survier,. Che pay for postal cara and spealal fa= vilities for fait hull mit he added. Tho vost uF these. two tune Fr the teal your onded June i WH a8 Followas Raliway (lort-otlicd Gurd v6. + $1,203, 221.50 Speclal tuolitive for fast mall Bi Fav. POUL. .sss004 a cosesen ween ee SLUET VITO LD The uctial paymont for tha railiwayesnal service during the Bacul year, 1881, waa there Tory HAN. WoW, he ost for the current ts cid your will be 812,008.00), aad the esthinates for Uedinre shikidtvul, Thy enormons growth of railroads in Jedd anid sl, and thelr nutichited tnereuse of tntieaze bn tho near Tuturo, will ace euunt fora arent portion of the niymented cost of thu servica, Unt thervare otber causes whlch itt alay by taken jute consideration, ‘Che tne crease ia the weleot of the vill Ln reed by the trunk ines bas been unparalleled, and the ait 11 aes Hota ppenr ty Hisve buon senched, ‘hy legitimate function of the postal service ts uuduubtedly to tronsant intelligence and ditusa kKoowledye, If this woye the sole requirement ewe Cost Of the rite Dut it Congreas baw Ha few years since to ut the wervice naw thy aye pial service cuujd not be Justitied. is ho} make UME VOST-OFFICK DEPANTMIENT A COMMON OAMWNER OF MENCHANDISE. Aud, noreover, It Bxed thu rates of trunspor- tudo so low that the mere cost of banding this chiea of mail nutter, to vay nothing Of itd tranes partution, ts waromunentive. The compandie ton the Governmnont recelvus for the reception, transpurtudon, apd delivery, of second, third, and fourth oluss sauttue ia far below the cust, The revenue dorived fram letter postuye uid other sources Is more than consumed by the Townes Rustatned On secon, third, and tourth elags matter. The tranaportation on tek tae OF the tmiit this ferenwed In bulls and wetjthe 8 uot the only problent the Departinent hax to solve. The reeeptlot: aud preparation fur tse pateting these classes of all mattor, tholr Transportavon to tho railroad depots, tho load= Ing inte postal cars, and tholr distribution in tho cara, ult nerioualy Interfere with the dispateh, distribution, and delivery of tho lotter mall en. route. Tho transportation of second-class mat- ter, which {s composed of newspapers and porto Ieals, is Of course legitimate postal business, ‘Thoy tllsseminate Intellizonce among the peoule, and Congross hits aeeordinely provided by hw for thelr diateibudon by mail nt alow rate, with out regurd to the cost of transportation. ‘Third unl fourth olnaa trutter, but triusiont printed tnntter atid morchind)se, come tindor a diferent entegory, If it were provabio that In the course of Ume thelr transportation would becaine re- munerative, or at lenst solf-sustuining, then it might perhaps he well to nurture It, but this te nUL possible. ‘Tho more thls mattor rows it ‘Uutk thr renter will be tho lors lo tho Govern it. The rates forthird and fourth class mat- rarg not anly wnremiunerative, but tho wise don of requiring the Government to become a carrier of inerchundise fs very questionuble. REDUCTION OF LETTER POSTAGH from three to two cents will be possible within prompted bi; ohiats should be foltowerl by or ter sand f ago such offenses, rom thy overmtetning: to it should not depend upon iy qauge much favor ennnot wel CIVIT/BENVICK REFORM, Carefil observation tn this dupartment and elsowhery has but confirmed my canyietion of tho grout pubtto benellt to bo derived from eau duoting the public business on business princi: pies. Home inethod of relief mist be provided prossiro for uppolnt- meut to clorkships and othor subordinate posl- tions. and from the equal pressure for tho res moval of capnble and experienced assistants to make roont for those whe ire nok more compe tent. The pitblic service laf public trust to which every citizen inny properly napire. and tho PUbG tuterest pininly demands that admisstoss jursunal favar, Hes bo hinpartial and because A system of avpolutment by mere In- Muenee muy bo readily purvortad to the promo. ton of privatn interests and personal mbit ocettrred In whicn thore have been depoalted In tho mula articles of so dastraative and dangers ous 1 nattire ag to linperi) not only the anfety ot othor inal mater, but tho Hyves of postal ployéa and of tho persons to whom those articles word Mrected, It seoma desirable that such acts, whother resulting from culpable earelosncss ov niatice orn apleit of wanton mis= punishinent more suvere, necording te tho clrenmstances of. therefore reeuinmund the pnas- (nw providing suitnble ponalties for ome ton, three yenrs, 1 believe this reduetion could bo eieceatn ten, by Inilitence muiturally resulte in, accouipllsbed without the penpartionate, dimitus | making tho tanure of oflize dupend not tion of recelpta which followed tho wlopdon of | upon fdelity and elilefeuvy in tho diss throu-cent. postage in Isl. Tho neaple have | charge of officinl duty, but pun the shown thole appruoletion of ebenp postare. ‘Tho Antroduotion uf the postal-card, Inatend of ¢dl- minishing tho rece(pte, has on the whole targely nerenecil them, ‘Two-cont posto would, Cbue Neve, aftor one or two yoars’ trial, produce tho samo result. [tis my deliporate Judgment that two-cont postage 18 feasible In tho noar future, I woutd favor It avon if the rates of postage on third and fourth class matter had tu ue | crensed, ‘Tho wrest mass nf tho peopto, are terested In cheap Jetter-postage., Tha propo! ton of those bunelited by the Unreouncrativo rites on third and fourth class matter la com- parntively sina. Moreover, the poople whoare benefited could afford to pay nure Hberally for tho advantuges uxtended ‘to them, ‘he bulle aud welzht of third and fourth class matter adds: ot) Inruely tu the cost of transporting the mulis thut all the profit realized from tetter-postnae Is thereby absorbed, If thoso classes of matter don, the a ther fostitutions, son! or partiann Influence, ‘The frat stop, in my judgmont, Hof of the appotnting officers and of the greater cllicluncy and econeiny of the civil service would be An method Qt niinorup- polntinunt, which should by intupendent of pes In some impartant Uovernmeontotiices of which T have had contributed proportionately, two-cont postage | know! would at once bo tssured. be the Government | tlon. In la to ben ComoOn carrier, ought it to be com.) are determtied pelled to tose money thoreby? Ought tho many | tlons, ascertained by ‘imparthi who aro juterested in chenp letter-postago bo taxed for tho benellt of the fow why nre cans vorned for low rates on third and fourth class mmatter? a IMPROVEMENT OF MAIL COMMUNICATIONS. WITH MEXICO. Tho compnratively recent growth of com- merefal inluing and railway: intorests in Mexico, Jorwoly augmented by the capltul aid enterprise of citizens of tha United States, together with tho reduction of postage rites olfected by tho adhesion of Mexico to tho Universal Postal Union, while contributing to WM extensive fu- reuse uf the mails excliinged with that coun- try, have at tho sate thiae developed tho nove sity for increased mall fuctiitics, Correspon ence in relution to tho aubjevt had with the Mexican post departinent, hug shown that that Goverumeut fs realy to codpernte with this depurtient in remedying any existing defects, ung Inetfesting euch necessary improvements of interior mail service on both sides ne will secure mors rapid and frequent oxchinges of tmalls between the two countries. A considers able increase of frontier uxobanges hig been already olfected, and by these and other border exchanges whichure in process of arrangement, and will shortly xo Into operation, tho tare and more populous distriat’ of Mexice will bo pliced iu inere frequent communieauion by overland routes, ¥in the frontier, with tho Usted Suites. “Owing to thy pevuliar organization of tho Mexiean postal servico, which commits to the several Btutes tho inauguration and moditica lon of mall services within them, it bus been found) that {ureaugunienta by volresponaenee relative tu this subject hive been protracted and odious, propositiuns of this ehuracter. sybinit- ted to the contral uduinistration at: Mexico res quiring reference to tho State orgunizations in terested betore delluit cunclustons in regard thoreto could be reached, ‘hia ditouity, and tho nccessity for an early improvement, pare ticularly in the overtand tall communications, which snail be at once comproheusive ind wes thodleul, has suggosted the ndvisubility of of- Tecring desired woditicattons by mens vf a cotumission to be sont trom thle depurtinent to Mexico fur that purpose, THE FREE DELIVERY SYSTEM, ‘The appropriation fur this servive was $2,600,- 000, an tuerease of $85,000 over tht of the pre- ceding year, ‘Lhe tou cost of the service was to nil applicants upon lection results, value. evils which spring from thom, should + employ morallt the pu if the country as its color peril. RELIGIOUS. creises and the Rov. carried, debate on bit,” the Kev and the tov, oupy & hilt-how Mr. corn, Which wae sireotly many attractions for the S240 leaving an unexpended balnnge of | It would $88.56, ‘Tho Incredgo tn the cust of tho worvico | Me could be suleated, over that of the previous your was SibU21840, ‘Chis Increase was Owiny to the extension of the sorvics to additional citiss ss authorized by the und to the appointment of Arricra to [mprove {ts of Ugieney whore nlrendy in operation. ‘The service was extended durum the year to Leadville, Colo, Sanateld, O., Meridun, Cona., Richmond, tud., and Zauesville, O, ‘The operations of this brauch of the service duriug the lust fiscal yenr are presented in de- toll with the accompanying report of tho Firat Assistant Postinaster-Gcneral, From the tabu- lar statement ineluded therein it will be gout that there has been un incrense during tho year of more thin 81,000,000 tn tha numbor of lotters und othorurticies of mail matter delivered and cullestud by carriers, und of $204,803.25 In the reeulpts from local postuze; those recelpls ox- caving the cost of tha survicu by DSS. ‘Chis exhibit furnighes in ltalf a sufliciont rea~ sun fur the lnercase in tha gstimate of appro- priation for frea-dellvory sorvice over the vstl: mato for the same purpose submitted in tho lust annual report of my predecessor. That, In cities covering go larga nu extent of territory asto. render frequent communication by post botweert thuir realdonts u necessity, the employment of a suilicient uumbor of cerriars to jusuro ef Nuloney in auch service results in larye protit to tho departinent, [su fiot chat bus boon amply domonstrated by oxperience. It has been observed In conncetion with tho establishmont of strect fotter-boxca (from which collections ure mide by the Vustmuster or his ulerks) nt convanseut puitits ip towns where po letter-carriery are employed, that a marked Lue erengo tn the numbor of lotturs posted for matl- Jug hie invariubly followol—a proof that fure nisbing tho means whereby correspondones may be readily aud cunventontly deposited acts ng.an incentive tu tho weiting of letters which would othorwiso havo romulnod unwritten, ‘Tho receipts for lous postage at tho lnrgor Post-otiees have enubled the department to sbow in severul auccessive anuual reporte that tho frec-dulivery secvicu, ns a whole, lings bee vome ut source of rovenue instead of an Item of expense. In the faco of n record which shows that evory dollar expended at poluta whore un extonsive local postal business is transected returns 80 lnrve a profit, itis diticult to perceive how an Urgument con bo wade against Appropriation for tho eorvice at those polnts to auy rensonublo extent that nay bo naked, Tho increnso in tho reveipts of tho free-delivery olllces during tho pust yerr has beun 17 per ceat. » have felt no healtation lin pressing, tho claims ‘of the frec-delivery branch of the service with moma urgoney, far tho ronson that the udvan- tngus which { bollevo will result trom an allows ance suflicient to provide for an extension of ita operations will not be contined to any parties wlur ely, nor to apy xeetlon of tha country, bat will bi shared by tho business community and thy general public in overy portton of the land. ‘The succesafut pperaMOR ‘of our postal aervico Isa mattor fu which tho entire Nation 3 interes ested, J venture to hope that the utmoat iibor- ality will bo exerelsed by Congress in ite nppro- priicions tor that branch of tho gorvice, the ruy> Gnues from which so largely afd tu redualng the present deficiency. ARRESTS AND CONVICTIONS, Tharo wero 401 arvesta mado during tho year, OFC this number 424 causes were prosecuted In tha United States courts, and thirty-seven in the courts of the soveral Staten In whieh tha arrents were made, Of the farmer. 184 persons wore convicted, twenty-six wero nequitted, three oped, Ive Lartelted bull, twenty-fotir pros ecvdings were digailased, one wie killed while resisting nrreat, und 17 awale trial; thirty blgbe wayineu werd arrested and prosceuted in United States courts, ‘Cho urresty are dlusaiiiod as tule Wi a. Preachers’ Present Opportunit Mt, aud ho guve vo held gulltiess before God. Brent responsibihit! nent of bls opportunities do Uie Sherman Huse. the ubalr. ‘Tho lev. C, “Tava any of tho resent purtiulpated, wae in favor o! day have been mod with prayor. Parlor 44 Grand Pucitio Hotel ing tho Rey, J. 'f. Burhoe prea Ing prayor communion, Church, nor ta Kraut him the talcing of tho Lord's Suppor, Roberta, Porin, Cotver, ure being hel Hllsa has beo Cavornn, Je THM METHODISTS. Tho regular weokly meoting of the Methoals! ministers was held yesterday morning in tholr rootus on Washington streot. Gvorge conducted tho openlug devotional ex- Luke Hitchcock presided, In view of tho fuct that the Secretary hud Just taken unto himself a wife, aud waa not present, Dr. Wittlanson moved that ho be excused and another brother substituted, which motion’ was oy Dr. nsaldious cultivation of the favour of nh Such n tenure Js incompatible with the self- respect of the Incumbent, and the survice must easirily auifer from the deellne of ita morale, But tho evil consequences canuot ba mited to (he public servico; thuy nifvot all political nc- urity aud vigor of tho Government, he Nacional charnotor itself, "The question, ‘ore, 13 one of fir bigher ftnportaice that that of the comparative (itness 0} employment of the Government, and really con- cerns the character aud succesé of republican patron, ulerks in tho toward tho ra- the promation personal Wize, such wsystont Is alrendy ip opern- those olllees minor appointinents sololy by proper qualill- tests open Shot time. ist Book Con- below thom, had rothren, aud bellevod. be butter If some other plige of incut- On motion, a committee cunsisting of the Roy, Messrs. Willlamson, Bris+ tol, und Patten was appointed to look up naw quarters, aud tho tine uf mocting was fixed at nd terms. The grout success Which ting attended this mothod of sce~ prover Its practienbiiity, , hath in tho aervice und fi of the ollicors thus selected, demonstrates {tx ie. Tho extenslen of this method unt uniform conditions 48 earnestly tu bo desired, both to correct familiar evils fu tho publle servico itself and tu remove tho still graver while the good iH tho character er In my opinion, the saine general principles eoyern, the sclection and retention of fa in this departmont. best. Burved by honust, oxperienced and come petent oflicars, and chutes, therofurc, should io made carefully and only for ronsons alfect- ing ollicial conduct. My viows upon this subject: ary the result of prolonged official oxperionce, and Lam persuaded that the practicnt upplien- tion of these principles would promote publla incrense tho economy and otlicloney of Io service, aud asaunga tho purty spirit, against which Washington warocd he public is fury of Tho Rey. Mr. Thu Business Committeo reported that the ordor for # week fram next Monday would be a ‘ho Advantages of Extemporiry Speaking Over Written Discourses In tho Pul- Foster taking tho ntimative jody tho noyutive, cach to vo- ‘The Koy. Mr. George proposed that a regular meeting-time be fixed, and foped that all tho brethren would bo on! hand at thought the rooms of tho Sethu ie too mn, ‘Tho Kay. Sr. Tarding waa thon called upon to conduct a conversation on * fhe Methodlat Ho sila that the Methodist preachers wero the best peoyte tha world to give advice, and the worst to ta! thetn any advice during bly talk he hoped they would excuse hin, Tho tap-root of rollion, ho said, was in dealre—n dealre to too from the wrath to coine-- aud the soll in whieh this root was planted wis the doing good, whleb wus ovidunce of the do- sire, ‘Cho opportunity for doing good txart the obhwation for doing it.and if thoy did nots up the incasnre of possibility, thoy would not ‘he od. The Mothodist preachers were co-workers with Gud, ualncss Of saving souls, aud in this thos placed upon thom, portunity of the Sethodlat preacher was in tho vory nature of bis worl, wulot wa largely in the’ Iino of evangolization, and the Inpruve- volved nua nard worl Attor the reverond gontloman bad finished bis talk tho question waa disuussed by the brethren, and the nivoting closed with prayer, THE DRESBYTRILANS, ‘Tha Presbyterian intnisters held thofr regular Meeting yestorday morning to the club-eroow of an antouneement wis mado Of t general meeting of the clergy, to b> holt in Lower Barwell, Hull ‘Thursday evening. Dr, Worrall and tho Rev, 3. E, Wiatard wore sp pointed n committce ta report on the reeom- incndutions nade by the Committee on Penul Institutions, published lust wook. continued bis -puper on * Inspiratio ing out tho Hino of Argument of tho tirst papur. ‘Tho veut discussion foltowad, whlen was pro- Jonged beyond tho usual hour for udjournoent, ‘THE CONGREGATIONALISTS. Tho Congregational Ministers’ Union met in regular Munduy morning sosslon yesterday at theGrand Pactiie Hotel, with Ereslgent Io} d he of Lomburd, oponed tho discussion on tho toply of the duy: modern discoveries tin science or pullosophy mouiflud or act uside tthe: Calvinistio; theology of Edward's dav?" 4 seen- eral discussion tollowed, in which pearly alt ‘The prevalent sentiment tho alllrmative, that, ii sone respects, tho Culviniatio doctrines of Kdward’s Med. Tho mooting vlosed aNy WAPTISTS, At tho Raptist miniators’ conforenco held in follow- ie rday worn f ded. f Tho o| y 8 altured by tho itov, C. 8, nun, The Roy, C. A. Hobbs presented a paper on the thome, *Opun Communion,” tn which hy opposed the practice of # certain cliss tats of ndmitting wubaptized persul Faith alone, he beldd, sulllient quatificution to pass a porson into tho rivilege of pitr- ‘no Rey, blesers* Laylor, Stone, acon, nud Raymond diveussod the pipor, and all fas vorad und uphold cluse communion. NOONDAY PRAVER-MEETING, At tho noonday prayer-mevting, conducted by DW. Potter yesterday, roports of 2 most ens couraging ebaracter were rocuived from various churches fo tho city where ovangotlstie mectings From Paxton, YW Juboring in tho ennge of Chrise thunty, came tidings of a glorious revival, Th reawnkencd titerast dn tha noon meotinzes still cantinues, tho attendance duily betoy sulielent lows: ‘to lest tho cupucity at tho halt. pfublect to Juriadiction of Onited States courta: , a eet raet a MISSOURI RiVER IMPROVEMENT. Clerka tn posteoltices,., Yoatul olurks and route agent Lettor-eurrlers, Ti Srelces. Othor omnployé: Itighwaytaen, se role Cas 4 whore E. We ie Spectut Correspouitence of ‘The Chieago Trluune, Linconn, Nob., Nov, 1.—-Pattsmouth ts got- ting a sharo uf tho Government money axpend- ed {n offorts to linprovo tho Dtissourl River, A. corpra of enwinecrs are thera ninkiug surveys MUERTE, 656 oe, with 2 view to finproviug the river and reenver- All others, for vari BPH se sone, Ing from ie voractous maw tho triat or Jand Subject to juriad Bute cou gt the lower part of Vinattamouth enguited In Nurgdarasces. + the muddy Waters inany years ago, ‘Tho deahen All others, for vai ta todivert tio current 0} the gand that 1 iN IN OM. THE FOURTIL CLASH. ‘Tho progent lw concerning permissible writ- Ing on madnble matter of the fuurth oluse hy consivta Jurgely of sainplua of were ohundisa) or on the tage or lubute attached thereto restrlotysucl writing to tho nume and tuldreas of tho gender, the nuuibor and nnines of the artictes, und 9 alngle murk, nun buy, nniue, or letter tur nurposo of fdentlication.” ‘This restrichon has given rive to much ven plaint fram that large pornon of the merenntile and tunufacturiug comunity Who wnke We af the mails for the trunwuilasion of suuples of tholy goods, and who vlilin that trey ure abe dected to ni onergus tax in being compelied to pay postage atletter mica on sumples buarlug only she ordinury marks required by commer: elaf usage, and We absence of which renders simples Valucless forthe purposes they ure iis tended to sure. Jn view of tho fact that such wmarkd contaln nothing in the wuturo of a pers sonni correapondenve, und ure essential to the comploty exerelay of the right towend sumples of imerubandise by mall, L therefore recommend such Jeielution “as will provide @ remedy tor this apparent injustice, while seuurlng tho rove cnues of the depurtinunt ayainst lusa through the nbuae of thy eniutged privileges which way bo thereby granted. EXPLOSIVE AND OTHER DANGEROUS ATI CLES IN THE MALLS, ‘Tho law excluding from tho malls such articics as from thele foru or nature ate Iuble to de. or otherwise damage the contents ag, or bara tue person of ony one a in thi tal service.” provides no peus or ite violation; wuq as ingtances Dave from the 7 Vintte, ‘Tne land ex: euyenty-tve ucres. Taxco, Ne! nd oa hundred asi liquor vuder the said sist, ta th satlafuction. Siestion, ete, relloved by Ui a A FRESH APPOINTMENT, Bpectat Corrrapondence of The Chicugo Tribune, Lincoun, Neb, Nov. W.—J. B. Purmieo was Yesterday appojuted Superintondeat of the Asylum for tho Blind, at Nobrasku City, by Gov. Nunce. The uppolatment glvca uniyoraul tor's tho Platte #0 thas the wator will strike tho lown shore und wash Bway bus there ocumuleted, bopod that tals will throw the duop channel aneo more on the lows side and ricover suud point just ubove the bridze to the peoted to bo revlulmod fs | ’ NEBRASKA COURT MATTERS, Gpeetat Correspondence of ‘The Chicago ‘Tribune, Nov, 10,—District Court, which ia vow bali heid at Piattamouth, adjournod lust might until Monday, the dlat, with expectations tt Aually closing before 'Thankaglving, Distress Attor attug, wysve pulang Tne the Thu ulty dacket comprigad nbovt ot Netty cuses, a considerable number of which werodiaposed of thiy week, ‘The yrand Jury roturiod bills avuinst parties running two saloons in Piattsmouth withous having com. piled with the provisionsof tho Siuoumb hi and without haying obtained Neensu to sell Jaw. ‘Tho trials of those cases Will commerce on Munday duet dst Considorable interest is munifea 9 cuss, Mt ie , the tod vor BADWAYS RE ita Sarsa Bclenrakin, If Hoxion fnii TAN RES rensouln, And supplics a ren siep—by degroes—t Rervos our through ton ? Unontural Linbit o} Hickota, Whito Sw Wasting and Deca, Hlotedes, Tumors, sumotinios ara ive ‘Wo assert that th ‘possesses the enrat! the injured material ia formed powor of Radway’s have accuminuted bones, joints. ete. ing Its own, gressing. fh now 8 common Krapf, Mra. J. miblished tn one Al irs. C. 8, Jibbint “ Falsa and ‘Truc,’ Rhoumati instant easo, Tuenz dlains, art Coughs, Ruck, ar Lin curo Fever as LA! terna) Pains, change of water. vidod with it. vory am the sufftert agents when a post pale Ralvvay’s Without Paty, Natu a strongihen. Sitapway'a Pits of tho Stomach, LI der, Nervauy heenscs, Coativences, Indigestion, Favor, Inflammation ly attacked and weakened hy ase, not only communis our ratitude. nished mankind with that wond Radway'a Sursnpariliian tesolye compliahes tuis result, and stlfe: who drag out an existe: Feovor Sores, Chronle or Old. dor Discases, Chronic Rheum Consumption, Gravel, and Calculons and yarictivs of tho abuvo that Radway’s ltesulv by atop, surely from the foundation, ‘Witness tho cages of Hannah. K . Jolly, and Mrs. F 6, {1 the presen! way's Heady |teliot w! Water will prevent action in tho system. dose, 1f repented, may augrayite ut Ing, and anothor dose ci ‘Luore is no tecessity for usin Randy Relief with atop tho im! wicker, without ontailing U culty In cither fafant or adult, THE TRUE RE. Rapway's Iteapy Neviee fy tho only Fi agent in vogue that will instantly stop pula. Fifty Cents Por Bottles =| rh , . bol ing tral in Thele Operatinre A VEORTABLE SUBSTITUTE FOR cxi0uil Hy coated with antly coated sh alt disardcrt Porfect Purgatires, Porfoctly tastaless, oles sweet guin, purge, regulate, pul paril les, ho body which bi an Ten} Dr tt own: Body, 89; Ivera, elling, Scatd tf of tha Bouy, yRpopsia, L OM POUL have enone Your bones sound, without cart Ir, usd RADWAY' LV ia WAR'S Ba A Grateful Rees “To cure a CHRONIC or Lome 8: caso {8 truly a victory In the heal im power that vlearly discern: nos; that restores Carica of tho Berufulous: wiscneee hills and Vouerea Sale Mtheun, Alfections, Canwors, Glunauiurbwellinge et BAUR Health of Boy Is Wealth Of Ming RADWAY’s lian RESOLVENT, Puro blood makossound fean, " i feyh fr tani ing Lay at 88 heen insiiter, bumay “Tre AY’S ent Pimples en Kleine antiste and Mat and Gou Daporit in spocions numes, ‘ore ise know! AV@ power ove: ‘ont furnishes, ‘Tole is Resolvent. In casos where tho aystom has beo: and Moreury, Quicksilver, Corrosive Sublimsta mnt auton APA Dn AAPL thy is tite P 19 dite ect bu ndhway hay te lortitl remed; fal iz nes of pt Maya and: tong nigel thoir gratitude.” —Medical Messen; FALSE AND T We oxtract from Dr, It Z Diseaso and Ita Cura, esleailowes _ LIST OF DISEASES CURED ny RADW arsaparilian Resell Chronic Skin Digonses, mars io tho Alene my rd nity, ights, oe He ants, owe bik ALIS on Fas ad cr I, compinints to whiey ‘remedy that F CUowU lta We cures step Testotes arts to tholr sountt condition, waates of tho body are stop and Beale pped, blood #8 aupptiod to tho syatany frame bey 1. from which new tho first correctira a sallvated, Nd bevome doposited int bn of tho ores using caries Imanne for 1 much, ngs, Sora Tvothache, drvat en, “feet bet rickets, spinal curvatures, contortions, white awoliings, varicose yulns, ote. tha Sarsaparilis will rosulve away those deposits and exterme mato the virus of tio seaso from the aystem, If those who aro taking theso, medicines for tho curo of Chronlo Scrofulous or 8yphiline cugoa, howavor slow may ho tho cure, “ter.” and find tholr general Health thoir flosh and weight increasing, or te mprarits even iE Wu a Suro Bign that tho eure ta pre In theso disexses tho patient elther gets better or worse—tho virus of tho diseases Not inactive; If not arrested and driven frotn tts blood {t will sproad and continto to underinizs the constitution, As soon ns tho Sarsaparilia makos tho pationt “fevl better,” every hor you will grow better und fucreuso fo Btrength, und flcsh. OVARIAN TUMORS, ‘The remoyat of these tumors by Radways Tesolyout is now 80 certuinly established thst what was once considered almost miracutousis recognized fact h calla, all parties Iseaso sn: Neuraig! 18, aro instantly relieved. FEVER AND AGUE. TEVERAND AGUF cured for 0 cts. There ja nota remedial agent in this world thot will Mr. lendriz, als that of tion of our Ono bottle containg more of tho activa princl- plea of Medicines than auy other Preparation, taken In teaspoonful doe: tivo of alx Himes as mu ONE DOLLAR P 8, Wille othors requirt PER BOTTLE, MINUTE REMEDY. Only requires MINUTES not HOUKS, tore Uevo Pain and cure saute disesso, ADWAY'S READY ULE in from ono to twenty minutes, never falls tore Hove PAIN with ond thorough npplication; no mattor bow violont or oxerucitlue (he pain the jc, bed-ridden, infirm, Cripplet, Nerv+ ous, Nournigto, or prostrated with suffer, RADWAY'S READY RELIEF will al Inflammation of the Kidneys, Iuflammation op tie Dladder, Inflammation of the Howelh, ngestion of the cult Breathing, Palpitation of the’ Hearh Hysterics, Croup, Diphiheridy Catarrh, {n- Ffoadache, i Khoumattam, Cold Chitts, Ague Chilts, Chile i Brulaes, ‘Site mer Complaints, Nervousness, dlceplessnest, Colts, Sprains, Palus in tho Chesh, Trvat, Difle hay and other Malarious, itive ranyec LY Rest pAlouys fortho curoot vor, Howes, Kl Headache, yspepalti, nD of the Lowel: all derangotonts of tho Interns Vi ranted (o olfect 1 permanent ot blabla, containing Ho mercury, oterioua truss. fy" Observe tho ing from tecuses 0 suipation, 1 nward 2 the Hend, Acility 44 Halse and Leu GaBLie 89 Warron, cor, There can ba no hair Ai there aro t hat a sure that tho nawo "ite Neartburn, Diegust of ‘Wo reyoat that tho reuder m books and papers on thelr, uro, anjong W! ure, following 8; ¢ tha digestlyo ica, Fullness ot stomach, Ni sf Fount, Futinessar We Foudt, Fatin tha vubject Web wy b «Radway on dvritable Trethra" “Nadway on Noroful And othors relating to ’ goLD BY DRUG: READ “FALSE Sond # lottor-stam formation Worth thousands will bus ———— TO THE PUBL butter guaranties of Dn. Rapwar's old-cstablish’: ad Pixs than tho buse.and WoT ein stND to RADW AY pureli-ster iu t 8, for Hadwa way" ‘ou waa worthless 1, dO at cortultt doos, rellave tho putiont diteing weir But perhara tha avcvs nid ncresse use let De aineertald dy tke Msilway net oxcruclauing by leust Uile we those minerals, mptomns resi tations, Bin! New, 1c. 4 eo of the ¥ i irutlons O pia ond Se and ct! times. EF. incy a, Hb a, Piles, 0 Y ryphoid,, volte aud othr Dy RALWAY'S PILLS) ao quickly ADY RELIEF Tt wiliina few momonts, whun taken accor: ing ta tho dircotions, cure Cramps, Spasms, Sour Stomiceh, Heartburn, Sick Henduche, Diarrhea, Dysentery, Colic, Wind In tho Howels, und nll Ine ‘Travelers abould alwayscarry n bottto of Rat ite foam aA iw aro 6 joknesa or. pa it 1a borter than French Brandy or Bitturs as wetimulaut. Miners and Luibermen should always be pro CAUTION. All romedinl ngonts capabio of destroying lite by an overdose should te avoided, Morynine opium, strychnine, arnica, byosciamus, er powerful remedicr he ia emnedial ty ‘Constipaueas Tniousnes it scorn. Wire Purely vise unas Cel Sioa! re the Ne 2 © 3 York peut yuu Rune stelle 5 you buss Ata cy or dele te ae i 0 Stomach, Sour Eract i Fificoring at tho Heart, Choking oe ae ie Sensations when in a yle postur fale Wobs. bofory the Sight, Fover und We Stee Of tho pitin yea, Ja i Teensty one ens pul Buddon Flushes of Meee ‘pean. tow dosent Ianwar's PIs sil see u syatuns froin ull the abovenamed aie Price, 5 Cents Der Hore it ust consult out Uf diseases Bod po umes u.\reront classes of DI BT op ve COy ae t