Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 17, 1881, Page 4

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Kagaze~ giunt of the Hoston Ideal Opera Company, "The + Bollsof Corneviile,” MeVicker’s Thentre, Madison streot, betwoon Stato and Dearborn. Engagemont of, Mr, and Mrs, N.C, Goodwin. -“Tho ‘Momber for Slocum.” Olympic Theatre. Clark street. ba weon Linke and Randotph, En- goxoment of Efnrry Miner's Comedy Company, Vari- ety entertainment, IMaverly’s Thentre, Monroe street, betwoon Clark and Dearborn, Ei xavementof the Kiralfy Sros.Combination, “Michael ‘Strogom." Hooley's 'Thentro. Panfoiph sreot beiween Clark and La Salle, Engngoment of Mtr, and Alrs, McKee Rankin. “The Danites.” « Aeniemy of Muate, Halsted streot, near Sadiaon, West Side. Variety entertainment, Lyecum Theatre. Desplaines strect, nour Madison, West Slic, Varl- ety entartainmont. Criterion ‘Theatre, Comer of Zodgwlvk und Division streets, Variety entertainment, ; Central Musle Hath Sonthonst corner Mundulph nnd State streote. Tho Eutorpo Concort Compa THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1881, Iv only forelgn sailors, ay sconis to be the fact, are employed on ovenn-going vessels, In’ what way would. subsidized American ships ba a benefit to American sailors? No- body answered thls unestion at the Prohib- {tory Tarlit Convention. Av the Prohtbltory ‘Tarif Convention Mr, Liawley, of Syracuse, gall “it iad been demonstratea what foreign ships would do for tha Inboring man, Every ship bullt abroad represented so much money lost to the American Iaborer.” Asnotron steamers for forelgn trate nro being bullt at home, how much does tho prohibition to purchase foreign ships help tho American Inborer ? Does not tho present Inw merely operate ag a dog In the manger? Tum first Virginia Bourbon of whom we have any record was that Gov. Berkeley, of Colontal timed (1071), who wrote: “1 thank God there ara no freo schools nor printing; and-I hope we shall not have these hundred yenrs.? * One of the last of tha race was El- bert Martin, member of Congress, who told Owen Lovejoy in the House in 1800 that, if he should come -down into Virginia and preach his abolition doctrines, ‘they would hang hlin higher than Haman—yes, ilgher than Haman, sir” We should not forget that John Brown was hanged fn Virginia; and “the blood of tha martyrs is the seed of the Church.” No more complete humitia- Mon of Bourbon pride could be conceived of than the triumph of Republican Ideas and principles on this old breeding-ground of mental, moral, and physten! bondage. Iv is understood that M. D, Boruek, isa. of San Francisco, wan again be vn candidate for the Secretaryship of the United States Senate, and with falr prospects of success, Mr. Boruck’s elating aro infinity superior to those of Mr, Gorham. Ie is indorsed by the Republican Stato Centrat Comittee, the Republican League, the oflicers of the State, and tha Judges of the Supreme Court of the State, Mr, Boruck hos been Secretary of the California Senate and of the Republican State Central Conunittee, He Is precisely such 8 representative Republlean us Gorham Isnot. If It. should come to a choles be- tweon them, It 1s difficult to see how the Sen- - atecould fall to give the preference te the former, who is nota renegade or w inan of Indifferent character, and lias never been con- spicuous as n defamer of tha dead President, Oxe effect of the New York election will beto limit Congress very curlously In the passage of the Apportionment bi, Owing to Mr. Conkling’s untles sine Iast May the Democrats have n small majority In each branch of the New York Legislature. Ifthe new apportionment should increase or di- ilnish the representation of the State in Congress it would bo necessary for the Legislaturo to redistrict the State. nt onee, and tho Goyernor would be under some sort of moral If not legal compulsion to sign the bill, however unjustit might be. But if Congress shall leave the representation ng it ts at present there will be no necessity for dividing the State into new distriets during the Ife of the presont Legislature, Itistrue that the ox. isting districts have not the same or equal broportions of the population of the State. But the district plan fs sulely a State athilr, Che National Government has nothlig ta do with it; moreover, some inequalities are ine svitable under any and alt pluns that can bo adopted, since tho divisions ‘aro made on sounty lines, Undoubtedly, if tha Deimo- srats propose # fair DIN for the redistribution ofeeats as between the elty and country, Gov, Cornell will sign It; but, If Congress shall leave the number of Nepresentatives unchanged, he will have the advantage of not belng compelled to sign any bill If it is not entirely equitable fn ita provisions, ‘The delegation of New York jn the pres- ent Congress of 203 members fa thirty. three, Unless the membership of Con- gress ig increased to $16 or mors Now York will tose one or two members. From a House of H10 to one of 325 tho New. York delegation would bo as.at present, 14 Is probable that the membership wilt be kept within these tints, ‘The last House fixed the membership at 819, which divides the new members equally between the North wedthe South, Tha Hepublican matority Will not pass a bill more favorable than this to the Democrats, ‘The subject may not be renched at all wuttl late In the session, when tho present Legislature of New York will have adjourned; but whenever it fs reached the S10 but wil almost surely be adopted. A new Governor and Leglalature are to be elected in Now York noxt Cali; and §f Conk+ lingzean be kept out of the campaign, the Republicans ave tlkely then to regain con- trol of all tho branches of the State Covern- ment, and they ean be trusted to make the apportionment fa 18st on a fale basta, a) ‘Tin prohibltory convention finished its lnbors without showing what protected Anertean guotls could be exported to foreign ports ant sokt abn profit evon if Congress furnished the money to build and. subsidize a fect of ocennstenmers, Suppose Congress should subsidize John Novel five or ton milllous a year for building mercantile Atenmers for foreign trade, and that they shoul bo londed with protected American manufactures stich ns steel and iron wares, woolen and cotton cloths, Jinen and silk gooils, reqdy-made clothing, boots and shoes, hardware and glassware of all kinds, aplkes, nails, screws and nuts, tools aud implements, and machinery of all sorts, furniture, ete, At what foreign ports could the merchants sell theso high protected goods nt a profit in compolition with the manufactures of free trade England carried in British ships! No; they could not sell their artificially dear wares in any foreign port in the world except ata niynousloss, They would nevershipa second involee of protected goods to sell at a foreign port In competition with Urltish free-trade goods, One exporlence would satisfy the niost ultra protectionist exporter: in te United States, ‘The steamers bulit bysubsidy would have to run tight or In batlast merely between ourown and forelgn ports. Att- era few trips they would be tled up at our wharves to rust androt until thelr subsidized owners sold thein to European traders. ‘Chiat would be the final outcome of tho subsidized steamers, It is simply impossible to manu- facture goods under a high tarkit for sate bn forelxn countries In competition with the free-trade goods of England. Jt is irrational to expect It. Acconvin to tho Jast census Virgluia had a colored popitlation of 631,006, 1f the yoting population is 111.5 (a low estimate) the ne- groes lone should enst 126,000 votes, But the whole Republican vote in the Presiten- tlal election was but $1,020, and the combined Republican and Readjuster-vote but 15,547. There is an apparent discrepancy here of 42,000 between the actual and possible col- ored Republican vote, to say nothing of the white Republleans and Readjusters. Most of this Is due to the imposition of a poll-tax, which was levied far the express purpose of keeping the negroes away from the polls. This odlous tax will be removed by n conatl- tutlonal umentinent proposed by the new Legislature and ratified by tho people. Thencefurth there will be a Inrge Increase Lis the Republican vote, Ib should be no- tleed, tuo, that tha white yota of Virginia was much below the ratio of the Northern States, For example, Ohio cast a vote ot 1 1.4.3 of the population, IMnols a vote of | in 4.8, and New York a yote-of 1 In 4.5, But the ratlo of the Demo- erntic vote (Bourbon and Readjuster. com- bined) to the white population of: Virginia was 1 In 7, and the ratlo of the Kepubllean yote to the colored population 1in%.6, ‘There isn deficlency of 42,000 in the colored vote and of 48,000 in the white vote, and most of the Intter—being among the farmers and poorer population of the uplands and cities— belongs to the Readjuster wing of tho party. On asquare vote, after the poll-tax has been ubolished, the conlition, If It shail hold te- gether, will have no trouble in carrying Vir- ginin regularly by m majority of 20,000 to 80,000. PROTECTION RUN WILD. ‘The National “More ‘Tariff’? Convention hetd in this elty Is what may be properly called nu “out-and-outer.” ‘There was no uncertaln sound to the conspicuous utter- unees of that assemblage. ‘Tho advocacy of the principles and practices of ultra tariff taxation never was broader nor strong- er, The tocsin was sounded by the Hon, Witla MeKinley, of Ohio, In taking the chalr, Mr, MeKinley represents In Congress a district of Ohio which has some trou- works. Ife has been a member of tho Ways and Means Comnilttee, and, we think, las distanced all competitors In lis enthusiasm for an ultra prohibition tariff. He an- nounced hhnself asa * thorough tariff man,” and his subsequent remarks left no doubt of the sincerity of the statement. Ie declared that ‘he believed 1 protection for the sake of protection.” But he reached tho very climax of devotion to the cause when he proclaimed that he “did not believe Inn tarlit tor revenue “only with imeldental protectlon, but be- “Heved Ina tari? for protection, and, if “there was ta be any ineldent about “it, he wonld have It a tariff for protec- “tion with Incidental revenue.” If It was Mr. MeKinley’s purpose to impress tho con- vention with the extravagance of nts" pro- tective” convictions, there [sno doubt that his language was well chosen, Thero was nothing mere to be said. Nobody could ty a Iigher tariff kite, Ills remarkably emphatic declaration found loud response from the “ more-tarift ” delegates, ‘The resolutlons offered by Mr, David IL, Mason, professtonal and retained protection- Ist, were in some respects'still more remark- able than Mr. MeKinley’s address, Mr. Mason is so much of ‘an expert In high-taritt and other protection hnitercsts that he is sald to bo regularly employed by the Mantifact- urera’ Assoclition to write newspaper artl- ¢lus, resolutions, pamphlets, ete., Jn behalf of «more tarkit.’ In getting up resolutions for the present convention Mason outdid all his previous efforts, Without going over his rabling and vapid refleetions on wealth and poverty, it Is only necessary to refer to the following declarations; Power to protect homo Inbor and capital was put iu the Constitution by.tta founders in pure gianco of 8 get purpogo to put It thera, cong formably to the demand of the people, ao that oe Bort of tary on tnporta which com- plies with both the letter and the spirit of the ‘undumentel law ty a protective tart, A tari? tor reventy only, by leaving alto- gother out of view the purpose {ncorporated in the Constitution—by requiring that the truat there shill remain unexeeutud and bo maton frustrated and nutlitied provision—is a kind of + tart? never dealyned nor poutemplited by the great builders of our political structure, aud niust therefore bo unconstitutional, Mr, MeKinloy’s statement of lls personal convictions was nll right from his polnt of view, Ho wanted to say that he was an ultin tarlif taxationist and In favor of pro- Wibition. Ills declaration of sentiments was bolt, outspoken, and unequivocal, Nobody who heard him was in any doubt as te where hostood, But Mr, Mason, in undertaking to detlne the constitutional doctrine of the tart, made hhinsel€ sublimely .ridiculous, Mr, McKinloy: know what ho was talking about, because he was defning his own pual- lion, Mason evidently did not know what he was taking about when he endeavored to make St appear that the Constitution authorizes 9 taritf sulely for purposes of pro- tection, and that a tariff for purposes of sev- enue fa unconstitutional, ‘The constitutional provisions relating to farii? and taxation are brief, and, tike most of the constitutional phrases, perfectly clear and intelligible. ‘The principal section Is that which gives Congress the power (Art. L, Bee, 8 purayraph 1) “to Jay und collect TUURSDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1881—TWELVE taxes, duties, Imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the comnion defense and general welfare of tho United States; but nll duties, impoats, and excises shall be wilform throughont the United States." ‘Thore fs nota word or hint about protection {nal this, On the contrary, the purpose for levying taxes and duties Isexplleitly dotined— via: “To pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfaro of the United States.” 1f this means anything, it menus that taxes and duties shall be tovied to raise revenne, for it is only with revenue that debts aan be paid and tho com- mon defense and senoral welfare of {ho = Goyermment —malttained. ff the word “rovenie” tad been employed in this section, Ib ivoull not” have made tho purpose of the Constitution any clearer, How In tho name of common sense could the “ protection” of certaln manufact- urors, the steel pool for example, whereby they aro enabled to charge two priecs for their wares, bo construed as paying the tlebts, providing for the common defense, or meeting the current expenses of the Govern ment? If it liad been the purpose of the framers of the Constitution lo enable certain clnases to charge two prices for thelr goods, they would undoubtedly. haya sald so; they not only omltted to say anything of the kind, but expressly stinutated that taxes of: all’ kinds, whether direct or indirect, whethor levied on home products or foreign Imports, should bp for the purpuge of ralsing revenue to support tho Government and pay its debts, ‘Kho otner references to tuxation in the Constitutton bear ont the theory that n tari was muthorized for revenue purposes, In Art. I, See. 9, paragraph 6, it is provided that no preference shall be given, by any regulation of commerce or revenue, to the ports of one State over those of nnother.? It is evident that revenue was skept In mind whenever the question of tacit eame up, In See. 10, paragraph 2 of the snine article it is provided that * tho net produce of all duties nud inposts laid by any State on huports and exports shall be for the use of the ‘Lrensury of the United States,”” ‘Tots extract furnishes additional evidenco that the sole Intention was to raise revente for the United States Government whenever a tariff on Iniports night be adopted in any shape, and that this sort of taxation was to be reserved for the benetlt of the General Government exclusively. If the sentiment of the convention held in this city Is a fair Indication of the genorat sentient of the protected classes, [t may be concluded that: they propose not imerely to resist any movomoent for a modification of the excessive features of thé tarilf, but even to agitate s general increasy of taxes on con- siuners, ‘* A tarlif for protection with incl- dental revonue,? whieh Mr. MeKinley ans nouneed as his pintform, looks directly to prohibition and direct taxation for the sup- portof,the Government. ‘This Indeed is the logleat outcome of the whole movemont to levy higher taxes on the consumers for the benelit of specin! classes. GAMBEITA'S ADMINISTRATION, The new Adininistration in| France under the late elections lias been completely organ- Wed, A new Cabluet lins eome Inte office, with M. Gambetta at its head, with a powor- ful majority supporting It in the Jower Ifouse, and the Upper Ifouse brought Into more harmonious relations. than ever before with the democratic sentiment of the Ropub- he. The Cabinet is sat to bea strong one, though very able wen surrendered thelr port- fullos to make way for thelr sttccessors, among them such men as M, Salute Hilaire, Gon. Farre of the War Department, Adiniral Cloud of the Navy, M. de Freyeinet, and M. Ferry. The Cabinet Is a Liberal one, as might be expected, when organized by the great French Liberal leader, In some re- spects it $s radical, espesially in the Dupart- ment of Colonles ant Public Instruction, In whieh M. Ferry gives place to M. Bert, one of tho most bitter of antt-Clericals, and who, if he had his own way, would probably nake acomplete separation of Church and State. That he will not have his own way, how- ever, Is pretty clear from M. Gambetta's dec laratton of principles, Uefore the formation of the new Ministry rumors were current that he would make radicat changes, effect sweeping removals in the army and navy, the courts and the church, and inaugurate such industrial reforins ag would place France immedintely upon the lighroad ton marvelous prosperity. MM. Gambotta’s program gives no warrant for such glittering expectations, It is singularly free from exaggeration, js slow and cautious In some directions and non-committal in others, It Is the program of 9 Liberal rather than of n Rudical, and indicates that he has departed fronr hls Radical beginnings, aut now occupies the higher Liberal ground, and that he ig practical enough not to promise anything more than he belleves he ean per- form, It is a peculiarity of his program, which seems to have been drawn up with great pru- denco and deliberation, that his schemes for tho future are confined, so fnr-as they aro publicly announced, to internal reforms, tid make no very wide departure from the policy of his predecessors, In bls speech to the Deputies he Inld down tho following |” broad and genuinely republican declaration of polley: France has demanded as tho instrunient of a policy gradunily but tirmly reformative the constitution of % government united, freed from all the subaltern conditions of divisions, ever roudy to discuss the interest of the nation befers its roprosentutives, lo acconnt to thou tor Its ucts, and to inspire among. all the de- #roos of the hicrarvby and of the public service respect, ovudience, ‘and dliigenea in tho dis churgo of thoir dutics, and It counts upon find= ing tn both Avsomblles a tuasority canting: in and prepared to sustain tho Government, with- out boing uotuated by personal iniiuences or ducal rivalries, und inspired alone by w love of duty and of the Btute. ‘This is the general statement. ‘The de tails which It includes may be briefly stated aa fotlows: (1) ‘he reformation of the Judi- elul system. (8) ‘The further pprfection of the educational system, with no allusion to the Church, (3) The extension of commercial relations by means of treaties, (4) The com- pletion of military leglalation. (5) The retduc- tion of the burdens of the country imposed by tho ariny and navy. (4) The rellef of the Anauclal burdens hpon agriculture. (7) Lo glvo greater Impulse to the muans of pro- duction, transport, aud oxchange, and to the promotion of soclal thrift.” (8) ‘fo lnsnro, by strict enforcemont of tha concordat, re- spect for the established powers in the rola- tlons of the various rellgious denominations within the State.” (0) ‘lo protact the public liberty, to maiutaln order at home and pence abroad, ‘The program of M, Gambetta includes a wide scope of Intorngl reform, and yet It will bo obsorved, though he holds the positton in the Cabinet of Minister of Foroign Affairs, . that {tis algnificantly silent on the subject of foreign relations, and this, too, in the face of the engagement of France in a war whloh has alfronted Spain by the {njurtes it has Intiicted upon her, and has’ allonated Italy and ane duced her to stok a partnership of aympathy, if nothing’ more, with tha alllance between Austria and Germany, In tho apparently isolated aud embarrassed condition of France with reference’ to" her ‘Tunisian operations and to the Inevitable setlement of the Egyp- tlan question, which’ nustaoun present Itsolr (or solution, one wonld naturally Jook to this program for a succinct statement of forelgn palley, but itcontalns nothing of the khid, and nothing wure deduit (ian a general al- Ausion to tho maintenance of friendly roln- tions with all the Powors, while the proba- bility of a forelgn collision is lessened by tho contemplated reduction of army and havy expenses, Ts not tho oxplanation of {hia silence to be found In the taelt understanding that the Liberal press of England and sume of tho French and German Journals assert oxlate between the Powors—namoly: Utat if Mane ylelds up her fnterests fn Egypt to England, giving tho fatter the absolute control of the Suez Canal, her route te India, she shall hava Bolzium for the taking and have Lor- rane sold back to her ata goud price; that fn consideration of Belatum Germany shall have Holland and the Scheldt’; that Austria shall be allowed to absorb Servla and Mace- donta and find her outlet ty tie Algean Sea at Snlonien; that Italy's wounded pride shall be snitsfied with ‘Iripoll; that Russia, who has no European ambitions, shall stiit fur- ther extend her Asiatic territory; and that Constantinople shall be n neutral port? Such a program may be conjecture, but It isnt least probable, and the drift of events points lo [tus the solution of a question ex- tremoly diMeuitto settle ln any other way. Whatever tho solution may be, M. Gambetta ovidontly is satistied that ft will be a peace fulone, and do not hls reeent secret inter- view with Bismarck and Blamarek’s satls- faction with his accession to power contirm this view? BLAIR'S EE LARATON OF THE STEEL Poo: Ono of the inquiries before tho “More "Tartit” Conyention was “on Bessemer steel ralls—tnquiring why they should be pro- tected so much, as thelr process of manufact- nre fs covered by a patent.’ ‘I'he nearest answer to this linportant inquiry was made by Mr. Ulair, of Blairstown, N. d., who rep- resented the Lackawanna Lron and Steol Rall Company, Ite suld: Tho [esse imanuftactu Tift tho nu rot tons o| 8 InAuufactured artiolg, and domy it was nblo to compete with the forolzners, and thia was tho only way fn whieh they cottid cumpete, ‘Thoy were this year pirate Ont 1,000,008) tons of ralls tor $80,000,000, which Is muck cheaper thon could be dono if they tore not protected as thoy were. Thus are most extraordinary assertions, It 1s Inexplloable to the ordinary human un derstanding thata pool combinatton to iimit the production of steel ralls should .be formed for tho purpose of ennbilng It to compete with foreigners! 1g it not a faet that the purpose is to prevent competl- tlon with each ofter? ‘Che price fixed by the steel pool fs the atari that tho $28 duty and tho $5 of freight and other ex- penses ndded to tho forelgn price of steel will enable the pool to charge American par- chasers, which is $60 per ton at presont, Were It not for the combluntion of the steel anills to Iimit proituetion they would compete with each other for orders, and the price of ralls would speedily fall to $50 or 345 per ton, and still yleld a good profit, and ut the same time render It possible for any foreign stecl to enter our market. Mr, Minty snys the poot combinatton is now turning ont aimllllon of tons n year of steal ralls for sixty milllons of dollars, * which is much cheaper than could be done if hey were not protected as they were.” ‘This is another inexplicable assertion, Suppose the atuty was $13 por ton Instead of $23, The pool would bo selling steel rails for $50 per ton, or $10 less than they are, Is $60n ton much cheaper than $50 per ton? ‘That is whnt Mr. Binir tn effect asserted. On each ton of the million tons of output tho pool of Bessemer manufacturers levy $4 of protection on the railroads, or an aggre- gate of twenty-clyht mittens of dollars. ‘The cost of English steel (nnd of » better quality than the Amerlean) Intl down at any of, our Atlantic) ports ta about $30 por ton, Something like 140,000 tons of En- Blish stecl linve been purchased this year by our railronds at rather less than that price, partly because It Insts longer and wears botter tian the steel made by Biatr’s protected pool, and partly because the pool had combined to combination Limited thelr product and would not fill the oraers In tine, The Americans and English make steel by the snine process, under the Bessemer pat- ent. ‘Lhe American manufacturer ting the advantage of hls foreign rival of several dotiars a ton in transportation, also in cheapor ore and coal in many places, and cheaper bread and tent for his workmen, and yet he demands 100 per cent protection, in faet 125 per cent, as the price of steel in England ls only $26 per ton, while the duty thereon 18 $23 In addition to the cost of frelght and other charges. Under the Besse~ mer patent method of making steel rails the chief expense fs in pig, as anolten ple metal Is converted Into steel at amall expense by the patent provess, = _g Were It uot for the pool combination of the steel amills they would compete with each other for orders, and this competition would speedily retluce the price of rails to sometting falr and decent, regardless of the enormous protection which the business en- joys. But the production Is Muted by the pool, aud an Increase of now mills Is guarded to prevent competition. ‘Lhe scheme of the pool Is to make the ralls cost 1, Tho prico of the Hngltab rail #. Tho duty por. ton, 38 tof transportation, ocoan and inland, 5 4. Chanastsbions, whine, 89.0... Total pool pelea por tOLs...c+0r rece eres soos G0 When the demdnd for rails slacks up the pool combination shut down a part of the ills, continue to charge the full price the “protection’? enables them to exact from tho railroads, and out of the humenso protita pay the Idle mills thelr pro-rata proportion of the wholo plunder. Mr, Binir's explana: tion can hardly be called salisfactory to the Amertewn public who suffer by tho operations of hia pool combliiation: GBINNELL ON STEBBINS. At the subsidy convention holt in this city tho proceedings on the first day were some- what tedlous because of the monotony of the talk and of tho resolutions and other matter presented, But thero was one shock that was felt by the whole body which was ns unoxpected ns It was vigorous, Mr. Stub- bing, of Detrojt, was one of the chief oper- ators, His vision took in the whole aren of protective legiatntion, ils stomach was equal to unlyersal ultra protection, Including froa whisky und tobacco, to make oxense for moro tarlif, Ho was especialy sweet on steol rails, whoso price could not, In his estimation, be too high. In the convention was also the veteran J. 3, Grinnell, of lows, whose spectalty was protected wool, and who desires to temper the winds to the shorn lambs, : Itis known that the steel-rall producers of the country, who ara enjoying a protec. tlon?? of $38 per ton on ralls costing in En- gland less than $25, lave recently pooled their prouction, In other words, they have contracted that anveral rallemills shatt sus- pend manufacture, thereby reducing tho production and increasing the price to con- sumere, ‘This scheme by the steelmills to uso ultra protection as @ means of extorting extravagant prices was known to all the del- egated, but, nevertheless, the irrepresalble Stebbins tired off the following resolution: Aesolved, That of all the nilestatomonta vf froe- trado xdvocutus none fa more ross than thu in pudent und repeated falsehood that “a turli? te & tax” udded to the cost both of the imported articlo wud of the like attiole msde or purchusod lathigcountry—a tax on the pooplo for tha bunfit of so-called monopolists—the fact boing that the buildiog up of howe manufactures un der falr protectin alwava creates u cninuativion Which brings prices holow what thoy aro whon forelan inonopollats hnve the monopoly of our markets. Whereuvon Mr Grinnell tho protector of wool, respond to Stebbins by the following Inquiry ns lo tho steel-rall pools Whereas, It is assorted and genorally nidmit- ted that thore sn close “combination of Inter- vats fn tho tixo of tha Bessemer patont fn the manufacture of steol rails, which Hmits the pro- ducers to such an extent as to unrensonably ene hance tho prico of rails, bringing a burden on tho agricultural interests of the country; there OPO, Resolved, That we, as protoctioniats, ask Wn ox> planatory atutement is) to aN, Hiuiitadiona, and tho reasons thorofor, to Justl { tho protection huconlad to tho makers of atocl rails. And the silence fi the convention was pain fal, The reticence of spouting delegates was 80 profound that it could bo fault, ifnot heard, Mr. Grinnell’s resolution” was not an- awered. It was regarded as adisturbanee of the happy familly, tho intrusion of an inquiry that was nut of a friondly character, and therefore out of place fn the convention. But the country generally would like to have the question answered, All the world ean hive steel ralls lait down In thelr ports atannvernge of 823 to $30 per ton excopt the United States, American capitalists are building railroads all through Mexico with steel rails whieh cost, delivered in that eountry, only $40 por ton, Amerlean eap- Itallets and contractors are bulldime the great Canadian Pactie Road, 3,000 miles long, with steel ralls Init down at the head of Lake Superlor for Sit per ton, In the United States the average price at the pool :uflls 1s $00 ver ton, Just double what all the rest of mane kind are called upon to pay. ‘This price 1s successfully demanded beeauso tho tarlif Tovies n duty of $28 per ton on Imvorted steel rails, ‘These rally could be produced and sold fn this country at $40 per ton and fur- nish a faty profit to the manufacturers, Lut these stechuinkers Minit thelr production by closing up a part of the mills and paying out of thelr immense profits for standing Adle, Grinnell wanted tts strange proced- ure explained, but It was not explained, THE WHEAT QUESTION. Our wheat market has for several weeks past presented the anomaly of active specu- Intion with a stagnant state of affars in re- gard to tho grain Ltself, Our stocks in store increased about 68,000 bushels during lust Weel, thouzh the recelpts wero only 315,000 bushels, being atthe rate of 10,500 bushots per day. ‘The whent stays here, and even ac- cumulates, on tha smallest of recelpts and tho mint of freight rates ever known at this time of the year, Tho puople of the East and of the Otd World do not seem to want ibat the priees asked, ns they appear to bu able to supply thetr wants on more favor- able terms from other sources, There is now prospect that receipts will naturally Invrense, ‘They have been kept down tu a very small volume tor weeks past by two causes; First, the weather In the Northwest hns been exeerable, so far ns the thrashing and marketing of wheat ts con- cerned; and secondly, the millers tuok about - all the gooi wheat that was offered, leaving little to ship in the unmanufactured singe, But the weather ins now changed round to elearand cold, which will permit the tarm- ers to thrash; and the millers are doing very Httle, as they have been making four much more rapidly than was wanted for constinp- tion, so that thore are now large stocks of Houron hand, ‘Thus both of the fnpudl- ments ton fra movement have been lifted, and we may expect It to bd all the more free, asthe grain has hitherto been kept back to the extont of mating mercantile collections unusually slow, ‘The farmers want money with which to pay bills otttstanding, ¥ Under this state of things It is pertinent to ask what ls our whent market going to do? Wit our preaont stock of 3,859,000 bushels of all grades speedily swell to double that vol- ume under larger reeclpts and continued reticence on the part of buyers? Or will an Inereasing supply and advancing frelght rates tempt them to pay prices here to which thoy now object? Or will our speculators como to the conclusion that they must relax, not only a Ittle, but a great deal, In order to make the grain move towards the consumer? We inay add to these questions the remark that the quality of the wheat Is not so good agin some past years, making it less attract- Ive to foreign buyors at even prices; and that if our present stock Is allowed to He here all » Winter we may hear « very loud ery of “hot wheat” in the spring. freee ies ENGLAND AND THE PANAMA CANAL. ‘The tone of the English Journals ludientes that Secretary Blatne’s note on the Panama Canal has not been well reeelyed by the diplomats’ of Great Britain, At the same tina It fs evident that the position of the American Government outlined 1n that note has made an fuipression, and the English Government will not be Ina hurry to antag- onize it, ‘The English Government will not be luellned to crente any unfriendly feellag upon any point of formality, and untess Its rullng men shall conclude that the commer celal advantages ft can yaln from a jolnt guarantee of neutrality of an interoceante eunal aro paramount to the consideration o gdbd feeling between England and the United States they will not advise tho joint netion of European Powers against which Secretary Blaine has protested. ‘Lhe English admit that tha positon of the Unlted States Gov- ernment toward the Panam Canal ts very wich the same as that of Great Britain toward the Suez Canal, wilh the difference that the former Is disposed to luvlst upon a natural right to oxerelue Jurisdiction over the Panama Canal while the latter acquired its power over.tha Suez Canal by securing a control of the stock; but the Engllsh are too selfish to concedes to the Americans what thoy have seized themselves under similar conditions, ‘Ihe average English sentiment Js falrly set forth tn the following extract from the Pail Matt Gazette: The object of tho American Government Is obviausly ‘not to by placed ina worse position by tha prentnw ‘of the canal than it occupled be- fore, “If it shuuld nohapolly he at war with any Buropean nation, it wishes that its enemy should Bull be forced to ntinok ite Paoltie conta by way of the Straits of Mayellan, But though the ob- Jeot is lutetigible and natural, tho mode of of- Teotlng it is undoubtedly formiduble from the point of view uf tho Contmonwealth of Nattons, ‘or if Colombia and tho United Btatea can cone truct as they pluuge About the Panna Canal, und If no othor Power enn tutorfore with this contract, or make with Colombta anothor cone traot of ite own, this folnt powar oF Henitiny tho froedow of tho ental ty vot at all contluad to t atlpulutions of tha treaty of 18%. Su fur as the provisions of Ubts trenty roluto to a state of war, it fa ruther Muxico and the South American Powera whien are likely to object to thom than tha Governnionts of “Huropes and the pros visions securing Iberty of commores sou iy eee Buta now treaty, which the United states appear clearly to consider within thotr right, migtg not bo oquully innocent fu ite beuriuy, uithor on poace or on war, ‘he Euro- pean Vowers ught Ieultlmately hesitate to com. iit tho virluaAl votntuand of what will be one ot the greatest commercial rautes in the world to one yore strong Power and one very weak one, partlenlarly when the stutesmaen of both Powers: entortain opinions cuinmerco which, to say tho least, ure not universally accopted, The Cluyton-Hulwer Vranty way “be pastully oe ployed to cull ty the recollvction of the Ameri- vara tho wiaur frame of sulud in whlch they were thirty yeurs ngo, who they professed ‘om avlyes desirous not only of “accomplishing .u purtivulur object,” butol “establiahibg a vrih- elple,” and when they aocordingly called iy Great Britain to Join in oxtonding * protection wby InGutcring upol acy sinllue Hewot{athon y bllue Begotta the United States should nob iiuke it ‘a0 ipiies poneuble condition that no treaty should render shoir military and nuval position worse than ut prosent. Jn rofusiug to sattle the atatus of the eanul by intoruntional nyresment they aru sotting & prevodent u yreat deal worse than Ine copyenlunt. ‘Tho intimation that Mexico and the South Aterican Powers inay objeot to the position, which the Amorican Government has taken with reference to the Interuceanic canal is entirely Irrelevant, England can well afford PAGE to allow the United States to arrange Itsown afulra with tho other Poworson the American Continent. [tis this very non-interference whieh tho American Government oxaets. No emergency ean possibly arise which shall tndtce the United States Government to demand tho right to regulate Earopean alfairs, or to readjust the balance of power, or to Jolh fn nny guarantes of neutrality over tho Suez Canalor any othor highway on tlio other stile of tho Atlantic, But tho United States Government demands for the alfatrs of the Atmerlean Continent the same lamunlty from European tnterferenee whieh itis disposed tu conecde on Its own part with reference to European affalra, An inter- oceanle ennat connecting tho Atlantleand Pas elfteshores of tho Unttled States 13 in no sons an international affair, us the Pall Malt Gazette affects to bellave, and beneea not hn matter fo be subjected to International Agreement, . Tho United States Governinent Is abutlautly able to guarantee the neu- trallty of suelt a highway, and docs not de siro to complicnte Itself with European Gov- ernments Ina matter whieh does not con- cern then so long us equal privileges ara ox- tended to them In time of pence, If Ht bo the varposs of the American Government to pro- tect Its present imilitary and naval positlon from outside a’snult by Insisting that Eura- penn Governments shall not requird any new Jurisdiction on the Amerlenn Continent, then that purpose fs entirely proper and commend: able, Tho Amerlean Government docs not care to compete with European Governments in the maintenance of yast and costly army and naval establishments, ‘There 1s no oc- easton for holding ourselves constantly pre- pared for war so long as there ts no menace at. our doors, and the surest way to ayold any sueh necessity In tho future is to ward off the menres In what- ever shape ft muy present Itself, ‘he Gov- ernment positlen outlined by Seeretary Binine fs that capitalists from any part of the work! nay construct an Interoeeante canal, but that the United States, by virtue of 1 natural right aud by agreement with the Colombian Government, will Insist ‘upon guaranteeing the neutrality of such canal, and thus resorve to Etself tha right of pre- venting any future Interlopors from using It to tho Injury of American interests, For all commoreial anc International purposes the freedom of the cannl, thus assured by pro- tection of the United States Government, is all that England or any other European Power can rensunably ask, For any other purpose, such as future oneroachment on the Aierican Continent or contingent warfare, the demand of European Powers for a joint protectorate over the Panama Canal fs pre- posterous, Heavens of ‘Tur Tiamuns will lave no- tced thas wo are cureful each day, at the hend ofthe editorial page, to publish tha rates of poataye on this paper, both domestic and. for- elgn, Wedo this, firat, for tho conventeuce of auch of our subsoribers as desire tomako known abroud how great a elty 1s Chicago, and itlsy be- causa Cor nany months tho Post-Ulllce authors {tlea so milainterproted tho provistons of tho Geneva convention ns to make people pay two cents fur every ounce of newspaper mutter sent to foreign countries. Attentlon having beon drawn to tho mutter, tho postul authorities dis- covered that tho Internation! convention called for a rate of ons cont for every ounce of newspaper mnil-matter. Meanwhile the pub- fo bas been plundered out of sum considerabiu in the aggregate, bocausy the postal ‘authorities ‘bad — vlunderad In interpreting the decision of a convention In which thoy themselves took part. The mistake us regards newspnpera has been rectified. Tn regard, however, to lotters, our exporters, banks, and alt others buving correspondents In Europe continua to be the victims of official old- fogyisin at Washington, The Goneva conyon- Uon atipulates that the luternational basis of postage shall bo2 contimes, or {lve conts, for every fiftcen grams. Now, while tho Wushtug- ton nuthorities acknowledge this and print tho fact in tholr: postal guide, yet so nppalling isto thoir minds tho danger that might result from tho introduction of tho deolmal system In this country that thoy have bithorto falled to supply the post-oflices of the country with any soates whereby a tfteen-gram letter can bo weixhed, ‘Toole fallure to do this is in direet contraven- tlon of See, 3,880 of the Rovlacd Statutes, which specifically states that * Tho Postimtuster-Gon- eral shall Eturnish to tho post-oilices exchanging malls with foreign countries, and to such other ofllees as he may deem oxpedient, postal bal- tunces denontinuted fi yeams of the metric sys- tem.” Notwithstanding the fact that this section Isquated on page 262 of the Postal Guide, tho postal nuthoritica slmply furnish tho old seates, and arbitrarity deoldo that bulf an ounce shall ve considered tho equivalent of fifteen grams, Now, half an ounce falls nvarly 6 por cont short of fifteen grams—to bo exact, it la just W380 grams. The result ia that a letter welghing even a halr’s breadth over bull an ounce direvted to a forolgn country Is recke oned as bnving to pay double postuze, even though that letter may weigh fully half a grant leas than tho loyal and recognized single rate. Astho forcign mails leave four times a week, and as not a fow of ourexport houses dispntoh fi score or muro of letters by ench mull, the total amount in which thoy aro mulcted, owlng to tho antiquated ideas rullog at Washington, ie very considerable, The anomaly of tho thing will bo geen at ones when It Ie consiordd that a totter posted in London nddressed to Chicago wilt cost five vents, whereas that [dontical letter, If posted tn Chicago addressed to London, would cost 10 cents. The ubsurdity of this red-tapo- isin would be.laughable wore it not for the loss accruing to the publio therefrom. Certatmy tho sooner the Superintentont of Foretgn Mulls gives his attention to this matter and provides tho post-oflicca throughout tho country with scales for welghing 16, 90,45, and ¢0 gram Ict- tors tho better will (tbe for all concerned, As it ls now the public nro made tosufer a crying evil, and tho leading post-ofllces of tho country fro made tho unwitting Instrumoutsof defraud- jug some of the Govornmunt’s boat customers, i - 4 FormEn resileyt oMChicago—Mr. ‘Pho- malen—who came befure tho pooplo of this city in tho role of adofnulter about a year ayo, as boon arrostod In New Yérk, whore ho was working bard for a lvine under an assumed nuniv, Instead of passing bis time comtertably in Canada, a4 do most Chicagoans who appro- priate money belonging to other people. ‘Thia mun was a trusted cmployé of the Internal Revenue Olllce In this city and rocelvod a gootl snlary. Ite possessed an estimable and prudont wife, and was the futhor of ohitdren who loved him dearly and were loved by biny iu return, Hla personal halts wero excel- tont, bis manner of living oxceedingty plain and simple, and when ho dlanppenred one day, and bls accounts showed that he bad alolun $1,000 of the public funds, those who knew bim woro at a loss to account for the dis nppearincoof tho uioney. But a search among tho private papors of tho fugitive yery acon made the matter cloar, Among bia personal ef- fovts wero found suyoral hundred lottery tlokets, showmg plainly that the mun who attended so strictly to bis duties and Hyed go plainly bud beon led on to theft aud dagrace Ip‘nu attempt to win a fortune by tho investment of a fow dollare, Once ontered upon thi¢ carcer, ho bad uot the moral courage to stop while bis losaus Wore soiat!, and the old, old story of erime and its punishment fe to bo toldonca more, Porsons whoare tempted to buy lottery tickets should remember the fate of ‘Tnomuten, and put thelr money to somo other 11 y a hin. Couunx, the Mlinols farmer who came to thivoltya fow days ayo, was gssquited by w purty of bighwaynien, and was gu fortunate 4 to shoot one of them Instead of being him- sult killed, must regurd Chicugo as 4 rather curtous place, Ono of the three rultlans whu nssaulted Mr, Coburn waearrasted py tho police. He isa wholly {rresponalblo persbu, but ubder tho beautiful workings of the law it would be possible for hin to svcure a release from con. finoment by furolebing a small amount of boll, Mr. Coburu, wi dld -the , com. munity such gpgod serviced when he firad at and bit one of the men who assaulted bim for the purpose of taking hia mongy,.even at tho expense of bie |ifo, found bimself yery diders ently situated after tho fracas was ovor. Hall to the amount of $10,000 jas demanded by the dusticn bofore whom ho was br it not been that ho was a man of py: itlao posacared friends who meee ae stances, he would atU have been a yee suparitted from bis wite ane fauttiy, atteeuer, pelled to naaudinte WIN thieves aug lt foine until auch tine, na thy wartite and wouidsbe murdoeed whoin hextue fe yt of his own Ife should reeave; eens pour in court, The huw ts daubtiess aree 28h tUCul thing In. thoory, but tts nenetice eas cation oftentimes results ti puntenieey Pll ly tho ong whom It should protects wane tranagressor an Ite domain Is treated’ wil! ee Spout und consideration, With rye ws, Tuens ts nothing more cor workings of tho inws of rerediege act than the vicious passions to controt thom, thelr et td will ylell evan inure caally to the aning nie gyices. Jolin Abbott, a mun 70 ye: itd nttue fasurvine t Mfe sontenco in the Come? Btaty Prtgon for a matter commitent yeurs igo, doubtless appreelates this aot the timo of the trugody tu tistite whtennc In tho tenth of ono man and the dinprie tel foriife of nother, Abbott's oniy anne tt was but B yoars of age—younsg enough toh S0n, Hocent of crime, but off enough to appr he tne its drendful consequences and shun ikon tn splte of tho fact that hls tatnor'y inne mont was a constunt reminder of tho due’, ovil nssocintionsthis boy at the age of a, of murderer, vontunned to dle for tho Ailing te felloweinmate of tho Elntea (N. Yo Rem tory, If that gray-headed oldman in theta, heeticut Penttontiary ever vives way to ‘ail ton his thoughts mutst bu of a tinture. meu culntod to mute hts slumbers poxeerny, ee ly URN, and hs Tanne will be no more sich wi that whieh struck down the idan Cl as ‘ure of this country at 2 singh blow.—Phitadelphte Baten Te 8M suddeg Asumple protectionist falsehood, iaton of the qllning tux steno na wan ingantorest down, The Philude! sharps bave kept thelr fretories gain e' ruptedly over sines tho passage of dure Jont act nking quinine fro, ‘They have nelth : cloacd tholr works, nor do they contemp!; i vlosing thom, The wrath of the protection 1 : ans, however, blinds thom to the advantage a tolling the truth. They hate to feel that iby people aro ntforded any reltof whatever fom tariff taxation.—Loutavilte Courter-Journal, : te Tho aboe Nufacture Hphla nuining ‘Tite American Bible Soclety, 23 the publig knows, has beon charged by an AUX Mary sociey in Conneeticont with undervatuing Its nseory tad recelpta and oxagwerating ts expenses for ‘the purpose Of tnaking a good showing when nn Ap. pent for moro funds was considored advisable, OF course tho Iiblo Sucloty deities nll’ this, and thy war {a boing vigorously waged, In tho tnoantiing what Is to become of tho heathan tu Attica aug other remote localities? < ——- me == Nor long agoable Wall street broker named’ Kennedy applied bls foot seit great foreo to tho sensitive end of a sinall broker named Quincy, and was promptly sued for gn) thimagea by tho last-named individual. The Jury before which the ense was tried took ¢ middle ground regarding tho views of the Ine terested purtics and guve a verdict for & easy Ay observant exchange remarks that “the Virginia Kourbons are very despondent, andgu about welghed down with a hellet that tho ent of tho world fs at hund, ‘This tssad. The ottly way by which they can cheer themselves up whleh oecurs to us Is to have that vorautile old slung. whanger Jubal Early sund another challenge to Mahone.” Mr. Brati’s restrnation from the Re publican Stata Committee of Maine, of whic body he bus been Chairman tor twenty-one yours, Is deserlbed by the New York Tritune as “a ploturesyue event in politics.” To re 5 Professionat politician resign anything ts cen taluly pioturesque, en LAKESIDE MUSINGS. “ IT see thore is to ben transit of Venus in 188, Kuop a frout seat for mo."—Churles Frans els Adams, Mr. James Gordon Bennett has gone to Europe. Mr. Whitelaw Reld, Mr, Eroquols Lorile lard, dnd Mr. Foxtall Keone are ulso there, “Mr, MacVeagh ?—The song you refer te is Kiss Me, Lovo, Beforo We Part.” Inaicge ing It under Prealdent Arthur's window be sure towenr helmet. A well-thrown bootfack |i dangorous, A London paper says that “ towards tho close of the present yeur it is hoped that tho work of printing the letters of Veter the Great” will bo commenced." any of Pete's ofd girls are alive now is tholr time to lonve forNew Jersey. ‘The cable dispatches do not say anything about Lord Lorne going to the oftice of ‘Truth and kioking the editor down tho cluyator batch way. The Marquis ovidentty didn't learn much nbout American customs duriug his stay In this country. ASnan Francisco Journalist claims to havo written a column na day for tho inst clghtera yonrs,—New York Tribune, There ts nothing exe traordinary about this, We have poets cunnect= ed with our waste-buskot stuf wuo could give thisCallforninn a good start and thon walk ia ubend of him, Secretary Kirkwood In his annual report reeommends that hberal provision be made for teaching Indilun youth tho English language, ‘This is right. It is frequently the ergo that when tho poor untutored red mun reaches & Jnrge city ho is compelled to walk around fot hours without 9 drink because an Inbuman Gore eritmont has allowed him to krow up In Ignore ance, Do you ask ine, love, with fond earess, ‘What seoms to mo perfect happiness? A golden day, and a sapphiro aky, An emoratd oarth, and you and I Roaming through woodlunds green together ‘That's happiness in summer weather. And sny ‘tla winter; outaldo tho enow, And Ingide the flro's warm, cheerful glam; And we alt by tt, cheek touching check, Hilont sometimes, and sometimes we pesky 80 I fod, In sumtmor or winter weather, Happiness menns—to be togothor. Samuel Jones Tikden, PERSONALS, Dr. MeCosh is reported by a rellaious papet tubave sald that to finds nt Princoton @ cone stantly decreasing number of unnileraraduatss intonding to bo clorgymon, aud that i ld the same in the other colleges, Dr, Willinm Hammond saya: "1 fiver smuko until about Bp. m., after any dinner: ant thon L sinoke flvo or six morlerately strong ety 4 ft that until midnight, and I know wiser, bottor, aud happier man,’ . ‘Sho once fanious sinyer in England, Sep many, and Staly, Madame Schonberges dare colobrated ber Wth birthday ut Duratadt ou he dof October, Bho commenced her opera Gureer {1 1707, and 6 till In excelent healt. Threo Philadelphia girls, ranging fram to 13 years of nge, agreed to teat the pleas geet GU, "APF, tan a 8 rank it. ay Ne ward and them Iya ditensibie in tho wlreele Mr. Avelibald McArthur, salt to be oe oldeat man tn Scotland, died afew Late oe Dunoon, Ho was born on sept. 6, 1 1 a cate thua in bis (th year. For many years Maelo ried on ovangellstic work among te population. ahi ‘Tho Roy, Welter Ching Young and bes Ab Tha wore mirriod at San Francisco by iy a Kip last week. Mr. Young ls an Eplscops! {ater, eduested in tho Eastern Btutea Cras bride ian cultivated young lady of Hoo Ae Tho wedding was the fret fusniouadle Oa affair of Its kind in this country. eee was dreased in elurlval robes and the Dr robes of Cainego cut, including the ea ‘at drova. of luo lived with Dey jos hue wa toukod with artiolul lowers of red and wBICY Tho lute Barop James dg Hothselltl fin Bravo collection of objects of art, Den ver during the Paris siege, ho hud bean pease saillos that the Communiats had tact oral wian of big Purisnpurtmonts, be treme tg troasuyos, Ho hastened into the ie aa vol dollgbtod to, tind thut bis servant, WHO ON ey, untocrad to Fomatn In chard, bad CONN od the Wonknosics of tho mob, and us belt tho collars,” The Communists had nf vs ori Tmo In tasting tu choicest wines ieee F thoy had alloyed tuamselves to bo an een delved the troopa from Versuliles, end bad bee evel of, ‘The bout of thelr visit wi patent; for whon.the Haron open se pein room he suw it large tu backer f usb. ita wide uw palntor's brush sy would baye orf used fo daub toe a furniture with before setiiug Nice ton ie rush was prized by (ho Harow #9 r