Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 29, 1881, Page 4

E-. Ghe Gril. TERMS OF SUNSCRIETION, AY MAIT—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGR PREPAID. Dally edition, one year... Pncla of f gent per mont Moncing, Wodnesda Sunday, LO-paKe c WEEKLY EDITION ‘On6 copy, ner yor Clab oT ito. ‘Twenty-onr Bpeclmon contos ont free. Give Post-Ofico addrass in fall, Including County and State. Renalttancos may bo mado elthor by draft, express, Post-OMtoo order, or In registered letter, nt dur risk. TO CLTY SUBSCIIBERS, Daily, dolivered, Sunday excepted. 26 conta per week, daily, detlyared, Sunday included, 80 conis per week, Address TUE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts,, Chlengo, Tl. ———ee POSTAGE. Fnteredattne PoslOficr ut Catedjd, Why ae Secante Clase Matter, Vortho honeat ar our patrons wha desire ta trend Noglecoples uC TIDE Tiimtenn throat the niall, We kiveherowith the transtent rate af postate: Borelans nnd sameatie, Per Qopy. Fieht. ton, twalve, ond fourteen pure jipe: tte Sixtedn, olentegn, and twenty pace 3 conte. frvonty-tyro and twenty-for TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, ATT CHICAGN TRIBCNE iat established ‘branch: once sare receipt of subscriptions and advortise- ments ns follows: NEW YOUK-Itoom 93 Trine Bultdlng. Bs. Mee Faporx, Manager. GLAEGOW, Scatland—Alian's Atneriean Axenes, 31 Rentlold-t, 1 ‘, Eng.—American Hxchange, 419 Strand, ales Al y News toy Bait . ASHINUT: Randolph Satie, ©The Banker's Haught: Gen Clark atrect, oppast: now Voutt-Houre, Ensazes worntof Nico's Surprise Party." Mnscotto,"" Afters noon and evening, MeVicker's Theatre. Madison street, between State, and Dearborn, Enangomont of Joseph Jetforsow, * Hip Van Winkle,” Afternoon and evening, Maveriy's Theatre, Monroe street, hetween Clark and Venrhorn, Ens kugewont of the Withur Oper Company, “The Mascotte.” Afternoon and evening. Olympic Thenire. Clark street, beween Inke ottd iandolph. Tne agement of Stetbaker's Masestte Combination, Viv riety entertainment. Afternoon sud evening, Acnidemy of Mnvle. Hotsted strect, near Madiaan, Wart Site, Vurlaty entertainmont. Afternoon and eveniny, : Byceum Thentre: -Dorplaings street, neur Madison, West Side, Vari= ety ontertainment, * Criterion ‘Thenive, Corner of Sedgwick amd Division sircate, entertainment. Afternven and evening. Variety Central MustesMalt. Southeast corner Itundolph and State streets, Con- SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1881, . Tin invitation of Gen, Lieb to the Citizens? Association (hat a committee may he appotnt- ed to overhaul the accounts of the Water- Oflco ought to bo vromptly accepted. A very cursory examination will, {¢ is belleved, Ining out evidence that the adintnistration of the office would be Improved at least by the applleation of the principles of civil-serviee reform, ‘The community haa learned to look upon the Water.Department as the weakest parto€ the Municipal ‘Adninistration, ‘The Citizens’ Assvelation would ba doing a gaoit work vither In proving Uiat this opinion was unfounded In fretor in furnishing the evi- alence to Justify It more coniuletel: Tren tan palatul want of harmony has tween ex-Senatur MeDonnid and Senstor Voorhees, both of Thdlana, with reference to the tari and the attitude of the Democratic party In relation to ir, Mr, Voorhees, with the thnidily of n inan who lias something to Jose, has come out ns a trimmer, and eharac- teristically favors the polley not only of ineeting the Republican arguments on this polnt, but of adopting them, Mr. MeDonald, on the other hand, having atready lost atl ho had to lose, is us bolt ns a Hon. He hopes to seo “the tariff for'revenne ouly? made an issua in the next Democratic campaign in Anana—Voorhees perhaps hing the mort In- uence, but McDonald ins the best stock of principles, He will, not at least engage In tho great double-act of abjuring his falth anu taking credit for never havin had it. Tur: hnporters of the Interior elties of tha ‘United States are apprehensive that there ty ttled design to give New York Clty agaln the advantage Ht forinerly possessed as tha cheapest port of entry in the country. OF course If goods ean be brought Into New York at fess cost than into othor ports the Avade of that elty will be benefited to the in- Jury of the others, President Arthur was Formerly Colfeetor at the Port of New York. Alls sympatiies were with the New York City merehants. ‘The new Seeretury of the ‘Treasury was formerly Assistant ‘lrensurer at New York, and has personal and business relations of an inthnate Klint with the Im- porters, While it would be unfatr to pre- Judge in any way elther the President or the Sceretary of the ‘Treasury, the existence of the feotlng referred to cannot ba doubted, ‘Tins “defense” of Warden Mills would convict any iin ont of an insane asylum of gross derelictlon of duty. Ie admits that the pay-rolls presented by him to the County Board were not truthfuts that the names of porsons recelylng pay were not: signed by themselves; that the nmounts put opposit the ames did not represent the stuns actually nuld to employés, What more could be de- sived by the most unrelenting accuser of the Warden? Hoehas attempted to sereen bim- sett behind the Chairman of the Hospital Come anittes, but Ns defense, ke that of the As« slstant-Postmaster-Goneral, does not touch the merits of the case, He well knew that ‘the Chairman of the Hospital Committee had not the right to unthorlze him to dean une Jawfnl net, The majority of the committees declare that they-were not privy to tho fabri cation of tho pay-rofly, ‘he defense of the Warden Is equivalent to a plea of guilty, Mu, MacYraau’s course In ruslxnlig the Altorney-Generalship perempterlly ty likely svon to bo Justified by avents. Some of tho correspondents at Washington haye held thut he was In duty bound to remain In ofica until he had seen the slarroute cases through the courts, Mr, MacVeagh tates an opposit view of lis duty. Ile has held all along that it would be Imposslbe for the law-otfleurs of tho Goverument to bring the offenders tu jus: tice unless they had the cordial and unwayer ing support of the Government in wll Its branches, and especially of the Adiniulatra+ tlon, in every stage of tho trials, Somo of the correspondents now desire to throw all the responsibility for the cases upon Mr, MuoVeagh, as IE the questions ab issue re dated only to hls’ private interests, * It has. aven been sald that President Artur cone siders Mr, MoeVeagh “responsible” for tho witity, and refuses to accept his res+ ignation until they are conuluded. Dut Mr, MawVeagh tse more responsible than the other members of President (urtield’s Cabhuet or the lite President himsalf, ‘They. allagreed that thy suits should bo iustituled, and resolyed te press thom by every. mean jAnch TH CHICAGO TRIBU: 29, 1881— TEEN PAGES known to the Government and within tts power, VPresident Arthur can to no less, And he may undonbtelly conduet the prose- entions more yigoronsly through faw-oNleers who hayo his entire confidence than through Mr. MaeVengh, who has avowed his une willingness fo be longer constlered a meme ber of the Admittstratton, ‘There ought to be no question of “responsibility? here, ‘The issue fs simple, Vhacases ought to be prosceuted for all they ava avorth, Mr. Mae- Vearh contd do ne more; Prostdant Arthur's Attorney-General, whoever he maybe, can- not afford to do any I Tr Is presuined, of course, that ex-Gov. Veveridge will have no dinientty in getting the very large bond that is required of the Sub'Troasurer. Mr. Gilbert, it will be res membered, was tn trouble on thts score far some weeks after he had received his ap- politinent. His bond wos tally made up on tho condition that es-Sherlt Tn Bradley shoul be made eustudian of the public moneys. Nothing was thon urged, or has beon since, agaloxst Mr, Gilbert's private eharacter; on the contrary, hoe was tutver- sally known (o be a man of unquestlened Integrity, But there was no Indueement for tiny person to enter upon a hond for so large AN AmuUNt—320,000—In his case. ‘The Cout- ty and City ‘Treasurers have deposits ta make In banks, but the United States Sub-Treasurer aloes not have the same privileges. lence the Interest of the banks in the matter fs very sliglit. ‘The United States Gavernment sern- thnizes its bonds much more closely and holds bondsinen toa strleter account than uiunicl- pal corporations ordinarily do, a Te defictency in the water-snpply of New York City has led toa partial closing of the gates of the aqueducts, In all the higher narts of the elty water cannot now be ob- tained above the kitchon floor, When the gates are open froin two to four Inches the Whole of the 9%,000,000 gailons that the aque- duet can furnish dilly passes inte the mains, ‘The Jetting down of the gates one-half an Wits off 12,000,000 to 1:!,090,000 of the supply. It ts estimated that the watcr now, m store would not at the average rate of consumption last more than seventeen days, ‘The ereat.drouth whieh has continued at the East. white the West has been deluged by the fall rains is the‘ innnediaie ennse of the deficiency. The Croton River is at pres- est running from §,000,000 to 10,000,000 gal- fons aday, when, with its water-shed of 350,- 000 square miles, It ought to furnish more than 200,000,000 a day. There are ut present from 1,200,000,000 to 1,800,000,000 gat. tons within tho dam, where ordinarily thera are 9,000,000,000 gailons, ‘Ihe storage Inkes in Central Park have between 800,000,000 anit $00,000,000 gulions, ‘Fhey ordinartly contain 1,100,000,000 gnttor tho New York candidate for the Louse of Representatives, ‘ynnturally come to the conclusion that his chances for securing that position have been materially weakened by the selec- tion of two members of the Cabinat from ils State, and especinlly'since tho Presutent him- self Is a New-Yorker. It would cortainly be excusable in’ members representing other States it they were to apprehend that there is danger: In giving to Now York an intiu ence in National affalrs that shall outweigh that of all the rest of the country, At the same thine tt will be necossary for the West- ert members to unite upon a tandidate If they would seeure the Speakership. ‘lo thts end some of the ambitious aspirants from the West shouht drop out of the contest, and the Western delegations should combine upon the strongest ani: fittest man among thelr number, ‘Phe State of Lowa will havestrong elnims upon the support of Republican mem- bers from-all sections because it lins been lenored In the Cavinet, and the Iowa deloga- tion will be able to present In the person: of Mr, Kasson a candidate who ts well equipped In all respects to preside over the House of Representatives. ‘Ie Mississippi iver Convention which met at St.Louis was not a deliberative or Investigating body, but merely a meeting to worl: up sentiment In ‘favor of the embank- ment system. ‘The whole scheme was set forth Itt the address delivered by Geu. Gil nore, the President of the River Commission, who advocated narrowing tho channel, rats: ing the bed of tha river, and confining the tarbitent sixenm within high levees, ‘The primary object is to Isy out plans for tho expenditure of enormous sums of public money, of which the $10,000,000 nppropri- med hy the Inst Congress will be a mere drop inthe bueket, If It be possible that this work enn ayer be completed, thon iH will still continue to furnish abundant opportunities for spending’ money on the’ breaks that will, constantly oecur, The damage done by the brenk in the Sny Loves Is trifling when compared with tro result of a break when tho river shall bo artificially raised to u higher jevel, preparatory to flooding the whole Mississippl Valley In the ease of a break, We think I iy Just as well that the eanvention wouldn't Hsten to any encour. agement for the enlargement. of the IllInots & Michigan Canal aud Hlinols River to the ahnensions of a ship ennal, connecting ihe lakes und the Mississipph. its refusal te glyo the project warm approval shows that It did nob have the Interests of commerce at heart, but was only concerned about » huge job for the benefit of contractors and the possible reclamation of waste Innds, ‘Lhe movement 1s altogether sectional Iu spirit and eliimerient in plan, ‘Nur Assoctuted ‘age! vital part of Secretary Biaine’s nate concern. ing tho Isthmus Canal from the report sent outto the Western newspapers, ‘Tho polut which President Cnrtield destred to have made “with directness aud with emphasis” was, that “during any war In which the Uniled States of America or the United States of Colombia might be a party the pas suge of armed vessels of a hostile nation through the canal at Panama” would not be tulmissible, The objection whieh the United States has ton Kuropoan guarantee: of neue trality hag n very obvious meaning in view of this explanation. ‘Vo make the canal nen- tral, or In’ other words, to open ft to war vessels, would simply furnish European nations nn additionat means of attacking tho: United States suilden- ly on two exposed eonsts, It would glve Creat Britain, for example, the power lo concentrate war vessela on the Atlantio or the Pacific const of North America atvery short notice, and befure ‘defenses vould bo prepared at any of tho principal ports, So fur as this advantage ahould be improved the canal would be a sources of positive weakness to the United States. It would be an artl- fictal destruction of natural defenses, Mr. Ulaine is cortainty right In opposing suey 9 Proposition, ‘The United States would bet- ter fight for its rlghts now than defend them ubudisadvantage in the future. There Js another polut; A guarantes of neutrality would mean nothing unless it ‘Involved tho right to enforce the decree by all ap proprhite muasures, A violntionof neutrality would, thorefore, hnpose upon European nie tlons the ubligutlon lo send vessels of war und hunt troops (o protect the guarantee, ‘Phis would be u direet denial uf the valltity of the Mgnroe ductus. Lt has boon shown in the cnge of the Suez Canal that a guaran: oceupiation of the country that submits to it, Enetanl and France are now, oc have been until! lately, the guardians of Egypt 1 ought te be along time before they sliall en- Joy n shullar supremacy in the United States of Cotombin. ‘eeeeennemmneemeenareen BENTLEY'S CIVIL-SERVICE SOHEME. ‘Tho latest contribution to the discussion of civil-service reform Is a letter by Mr A. Bentley, fate Commissioner of Pensions, From his tang experience he has no hesitas Hon fn expressing the opinion that our sys- fem of etvil served fs n bad one, and insists that the defects from which spring tho prin elpal evils and abuses are connected with the manner by whieh. persons are selected for public ofttes or employment. Lhe prineipal dlefect In the present system Hes In the fact that the seleetion of porsons for the pubile service resis in thd untrammeled will and diseretion of the appoluting ofleer; and the remedial legislation, aecordinge to Mr. Bent- fey, must be directed to a withdrawal of such discretion and tho establishment of fixed ries to govern the selection of ap polntees, and that these rales should he inade applicable to as many of the ofteers ns may be possibte, leaving nothing to the «dis- cretion of the appointing power that ean be regulated hy huw, ‘Khese regulations he thinks should classify the appolntive civil oficers of the Govern- ment, thus: (1) Phase whose duties are per- formed among the people of a particular locality and In part for their especial benetit and convenience, as Postmasters, Murshals, ete, (2) ‘Those like heads of departiuents nnd. bureaus, revenue oftieers, forelgn Min- ister, Consuls, clerks, ete, whose duties are wholly for and in behalf of the Government: and the people at large; and this class ho divides into two sub-classes—those having peenliar ant svecial duties or holding flduelary aut confidential trusts, and those whe have nostch relations to the Admin: istration of the Government, Dearing in mind these distinctions, he would base a re- form of the service by having all officers mentloned In the Orst class salected by a vote of theelectors of the nelghborhvod where the duties nre to be performed. Of the sec- ond class, the clerks In the departments and public places throughout the country he would have apportioned among tho Cougres- sional districts, and selected by compet!tive exantuation in scholastiv nnd general qualtit- entions, the examinations to be held in the several districts, the qualifications to be tle. fined by law, appointments to be made at the low-xzrade salary, and promotions to follow effective service, Appointments for the Con- sular service fo he made after examinations ns to the qualifications for that branch of tho service, Jniigzes to be nppoltted as now, upon the free discretion of the appointing officer. ‘Lhe power of «dismissal tn all eases to Ue reserved; this reservation Is necessary to insure dismissals when just cause exists, Having, stated his proposed measure of re- form, Mr. Bentley says: ‘The adoption of ench 9 measure as here pro- posed, by practically nbotishing persoual and parry patronnge jn the Federn) olllees, etrries with it a large share of the ' porsonial alltics and anequal proportion of the “ ward pollti+ claus." “strikers” and “dead-beats,” now 80 obnoxious In overy'clection precinct In the eltion and Inrge towns, and not unknown in the coun try places; Without the vatronaze connected with Federal otticeholding that gurt of people will stirve or devote themselves to tnoro useful occupations, It sill improve the morale of nll purtles by having Jess ocension to employ tholr enuriles in the task of holding insight the houds of a few self-constitated purty inanaxers and moro time and strength for upholding the ban- ner of some reputable enuse. Election cam- pulens will consist leas of innd-throwimg and more tn the discussion of prinelples and mens ures for tho general welfare, in which the moro polltichin wil be am wulmportant factor and Will be forced aside to make room for the more Intellizent and substantia classes to come to tho front in public altars. By bringing iuto the servico in fulr proportions representatives of thu different shades of political opinion polities in thelr offensive pbase will be oxcluded from tha public offices, aud tho officers and clvels will dovate thomsulyes more exclusivoly to the pubs Ha sorvice, ant Uestow lesa time upon party work, endeavoring to porpetunte thalr ows ont celal fives by continuing tho dominant party In power, Mr. Bentley, however, admits that this mensure of reform 14 not possible, becanso it requires angmendment to the Constitution authorizing the same, In 1871 this whole subject was considerod by 2 commission appolnted by the President, and nt the request of that commission cer- tnin questions of constitutional power were subinitted to the Attorney-Ciencral, Theso questions were founded upon that section of -the Constitution whieh reads ns follows: fie [the President) shati tnve vower, by. and with the advice and consent of the Seinato, to innke treaties, provided, two-thirds of the Senne tore conenr; and he snatt nominate, und by and with the advice of tho Senate shall apport Ame~ lnasidors, othor public Ministers and Consus, Judges of the Supremo Court, and all other oltl- vers of the United states where appolntinents ure not hefein otherwise provided for, and which shail be extabiished by {aw; but tho Congress tay: hy law Vest tho appointinent of such interlur of= Necrs ag thoy may think proper in tho Presktent Alone, In the courts of Jaw, or in the heuds of de~ partinents, ‘Tho first question was made under the terms of the recommendation that. ‘all ad- intssions to the civil service shall be deter- injned by a competitive examination, open to all applicants who have satisied such pre- IimInary examination In regard to health, age, character, and other qualifications as may be requlred,” the objection to which wag that the designation of a single person for ap- pointyent by a board not established by the constifitionn! appointing power would yir- tually vest the appointnent ina body un- Inown to tho Constitution, Attornoy-Gen- erat Akerman reported to the President that in hls opinion: this objection was valid. Io suld that “if Congress can compel the Presi- dent to nominate 4 person selected by others, itenn comvel the Senate to advise’ and con- sent to that nomination, If the foremost man In tho competitive test is entitled to the office, that test must be conclusive upon all whose nection Is required to vince him in the offlee; nnd, In fact, the netton of thom all is mere ly formnl, except that of the: Judges in the test.” ‘The Attorney-General held that theobjaction was oqually good in cases where the appotntment was made by the President alone, Dut the samo oflicer deciared there was no logal ‘objection to an examluing bourd rendering no imperative Judgments, but onty ding’ tho appotuting power with information, “ A legal obligation ta follow the Judgmentof such a board {fs inconsistent with constitutional Independence of the ap- polating power,” ‘The Attorney-General In that. opinion hold, 3 some of his predecessors in the of- fico had held, that. “ Congress has no power whatover to vest the appolntment of any employé coming falrly within the definition of an Suferlor ofteer of the Governmontin any other public authority but the Pres!- dent, the heads of departments, or the Judicial tribunals,” ‘Tho other question was; “May tho Presle dont, under the act by which this board ts organized, reguluto the exerciso of the ap- polnung power now vested in tho heads of departments, or the courts of. law, so a3 to restrict appolutments to uclass of persons whose quulifications or fitness shall have buen determined by shy examination ‘Inst. tuted Indepenient of the appolnting power 2” To this tha Attorney-General answered in the afltrmative, Hosud that “Though the appointing power alone can designyate an ine dividual for an otiice, cituer Congress by direct legislation, or tho: Preaident by au- thority derived from Congress, ern preseribe qualifications, and reaulre thatthe desigia- Mon shall bo inude ut: of a class of persons ascertained by propor tests tu huye these {eo of neutrality may result. ix the virtual +] qualifications, and itis not beccasary that the | Judges in the tests should be chosen by the appointing power.” ‘That tiffs is a falr statement of tho constl- tutional law on the question there can haraly ho any doubt. ‘lo make any of the changes. Propased hy Mr, Bentley, however good and desirable thoy may he, will require a radtenl change of the Constitution. It 1s hopuless to expert that any such amendment will over obtain the necessury two-thirds yote In Cans gress, or that It wonld bo ratitied by the requisit number of States, ‘Those interested in machine politics would never pormit a re- form requiring such nnaniuity, "The only remedy for osisting evils and abuses Is for the Government to cmploy suet powers us It possesses to break up the more Hagraut of tho evils, ‘Thore Ismueh that ean hedoneit Congress with only doit, and the Ex eentive wil unite tocarry what Congressimay la Into execution, The answer of the At lorney-Cieneral poluts out what the Presi- dent and Congress can do tn regulating tho selection of competent persons, and Congres: by preseribing the qualifications and tennreoft {hose in oflee can pnt an end to much of tho seandat and abuses whieh elinraetorize the wholosale removals for cnuses other than ine comipetency and mnisconduct. ——— THE COMMUNISTIO CRANKS, ‘The Cleveland Leader, in commenting Upon tho recent Interview betweon na reporter of ‘Tim Cicago ‘Cissuse and Justus Schwab, the Inzy bver-stinger and lender of the Communists, or, us they have now de- cided to call themselves, " Revolutionary Soclalists,” prints a confidential cireutar recently sent out to tho brotherhood from the Chicago section, who are perhavs tho lnzlest and most pestiferous branch of the do-nothings in the country. As tho docn- ment is a somowlint remarkable one, wo print It atJougth, The Chicago Hevolution- ary Socialists say: Dran Frrenns axp Co-rAnonens: Tt is un- necessary to state our common grievauces. It Js enough to know thut thoy oxlet, and, existing, the duty dovolvos on us tu rectify thom. Wages aro low and food high. Let your cry hereafter be “Increased wages ond cheap brea. Cone tinue to urge this until {tia seenred, Capitalists are rapldly accumulating fortunes every day and overy bourin tho day, while your appeals for inereased pay to enable you to support your familles with something lke Hpesuey #0 unheeded. ‘Thoir decltranons of inabiiity tu pay increased wiyes ure lies, a uot ioe eclved by thom! fe no longer serfs, You number thousands toone, Copel them to no- cedo to your Just demands! Do not attempt to use force unt! tho command Is given, Exhaust all honorable tnoana before appenling to tha other jroqpons which tro loft you. Bo tirm and united, ‘Thoy are puwerloss against you if you work In concert. Once thorouxhly organized, tho tyrants: will be at your inerey. You enn then abstain from work tintil your demands ure grumted, Thoy will grant thoin rather thin sco thelr fuctorius, thoiy milis, their foundries, and their shops closed, To this, and if it does not bring an Increase in wages, othor monus nro at hand to compet them, When all 18 reudy for ‘united action you wiil bo informed, A day will be set whon it isexpeeted that every working- nan tn this country will stop worl: and nat to resumo fe again until tholr wishes ure com- plied with, Lot our watchword evar be “ Ine erengod pay or no work!” As those “cranks” have now adopted for their wateliword increased pay or no work, Jet us see what that high-sounding phrase really means and--what would be tho result of such s policy. No business can be conducted without enting up Its eapital that does not pay a profit to tho employer, Of this tho Communists take no note, nor does thd inflexible law of supply and demand ever enter into thelr eranky calculations, ‘The moment they de- mand such wages that the employer cannot sell the goods at a profit he must closo up lis establishment, No man-ean keep his shop open when the cost of production and tho rate of wages aro lurger than the selling price of his products. No nian: ever keeps open in such a contingency unless the Joss is thought to be-merely temporary and. it is cheaper for hit in the -long run not to haye his business disturbet.” But where It Is “ In- creased pay or uo work,” regardless of the costof products and what ho can sell thom for, the employer of necessity chooses “no work,” closes hla place, aml discharges his rapnelous workmen, beeause it is the only course left that will save lilm fromm absolute rutn, and from being wiped out, But suppose that he deelies to pay the ad- vance demanded, In order to do this ho must mark up the price of his goods, As the demand for advanced wages continues to increase, the prices of products continue to increase. As tho prices increase the demand for the produtt steadily decreases, and at length canses.. When thoy have advanced beyond the purehnsing power of the commu- nity, to that extent there Is at least no de- mand fox Inbor, and agatn his shop is closed and: his-workmen are discharged. When Beods are abnormally high people do with- out them or economize In tholr use ‘as far as they can, and thus labor is thrown out of employ. When o giyen article can bo purchased for five dollars, people will uso it four times a3: often as they would if It were twenty dollars, All employers are not cn- gagad In a business ike that of Justus Schwab's, which pays 200 per cent profit, and will-bear adulteration ad Ubitum, ut take still another view of the case, Suppose that Schwab and his revolutionary tabblo could earry thelr ends and force om- ployors to accede to thelr demands, how much better off would they po? In an extrrordl- narily short space of timo the employer's ennital would bo all lost and sunk and: hhn- self'bankrupt, Tho manufactory would be elosed because thera was no money left'to runt, and-the workmen would be out of em- ployment again. ‘To all intonts and purposes the employer might as well set fire te the concern and end 1b thatway, So, turn the matter over in which way they will, they must come to the same result—loss of cnpltal, de- struction of business, closing up of Inbor; and ug It fs the one alm of. this Inzy horde ta find some way of living without working, perhaps they aro not iogleal In: their de- mands, ‘To reduco the whole commuulty to Schwabs ls what those “ cranks * would Ike tonveomplish. It is a thousand pities there is not some nethod of incarcorating them in lunatic asylums long enough for thelr heads to cont sufliclently to enable them to take common-sense views of things, COMPELLED 10 CHARGE. HIGH FREIGHTS, ‘Tho railroads of Iiinols are, ‘according to the alleged statement of same of them, placed Ina most distressing'situation® by renson of Unole Billy Sinith’s recent Jaw, contalned in the acheduls of “inaxiinum® rates” for the transportation of merchandise, Unelo Hilly’s Jaw, while it does not threaten te Chicago railroad ofitcers with an endless tire, offera them, according to their statement, the al- ternatives. of abandoning tho business: of competition with the cut-off and cast-and-west Mineg, or of violating their uncle's maximun rates by charging Jess. ‘The trouble arisca somowhnt as follows; Tho Hallroad Com- missloners have proclaimed a schedule of maxiniun rates, which becomes the law of the Stato on Noy, 10, ‘This schedule is: re- markablo from tho way. it 1s got up; it ‘nHows, for Instance," twice as much for tho transportation of a cnr-load of cornorcosl por ton per mila for 9 distance less than 100 alles as It dows for three times tht dlutance, and the rates for these so-walled “short hauls” being largely inoreased over, the high rates fixed by law {1 1678, ‘The Tilinols roads running to Chicagp from the south, south west, and west, find themselves crossct ot several polnts by rouds running tu eastern points, and these cross roads curry mer chandlse trom all thuse Intersootlng pulnts at much loss rates thin the schedule of the HM ols Commusslonery permults the Uinelsrondy to charge for transportation to and from Chie | are two ways in whieh thy pressure pou tho | we prestime that even with the ¢ Unele Billy and the other Commis- hot Intving it In thor power to pros itbit these cross roads carrying business out of tho State at low rates, the Chicago ronus set Up o complaint over the situation, and in yesterday's ‘ERinUNE thoy thas explains Now, tf, tho Chicago roads would make the rates to Chicago 808 to compote with the ine terlor competing poltits, they onl come tate confict ith the litte. Zhe kaw yroolites that If the pidinetds chitrye ct larger rate fora teaser distance fort greater une, they alntll he xubject to Ament for wnjuat.dincrimination. “be tha or instance, should make a rate from Lor tha Chiongo, Burlington & Quincy from Heardstown, to cuable thom to bring busl- ness to Chivazo ih competition with the eastern Hines from those points, thoy would be obliged fo bat sinllar freiiehe from ‘nll etations between Shose points and Chicage at arate whieh would Vo teae than the rate from Heardstown and Ashland, If made ayainal competiuon of 10 conta, grain to Chicagu, the Culengo, Murlingtow & Quiney and Alton. Ronds would be ubliged to make a vate tere than 10 ceuta from alt polata betivcen those statlane anid Chicago, and ateden point the mate would have to heter, whieh wautd teavo a mere lagntelle be- fore hult the distanes hal been accompitabed. Hf these rode are compelled tnauthere rigidly to fart reice, they amust, i self-defonse, let tho Dusiness oto tha Eat trom Nowrdstown and Ashland, instead of bringing it to Cutento, And the same ipplies to all other Junction points, All that the Chleayo rouds can do, the inanagers say, if the now rites ure put into effect, isto tuke business for the East to the nearest Junce tion pulnt, and the Chicago shippers and “more chants inust try to get along as best they can. ‘This isn most wonderful plant! For in- stance, If the schedule rates atlow the roads to charge 40 cents for 300 miles, and 30 cents for 100 miles, and 20 dents tor itty miles, and if at the 100-mile station an Eastern Ine offers to take tho business at 2% cents, the Chicago youds protest that they cannot «lo business, hbeeause it they do then they must take the business nt the fifty-mlle station for less than 0 cents, and thig violate thelr wcle’s Inw and “rat”? onthe maxtinim schedule, ‘Tho Commissioners have doubled the rates per fon per milo atthe shorter distances, and. tho railways ery out that if they take less for hauling 100 niles than they do for hauling fifty miles they come In contact with Smlth’s. Jaw and are subject to condign punishment. Poor, innocent, Inoxpertenced raltroad men! Is there notsome benvvolent and arithmetical schoolboy who will furnish these Goneral Freight Agents with a scale of rates whoreby thoy cnn escape from this dilemna? . Would they believe us that the statute of the State docs not compel ‘them to take any rates, that it only preserlbes rates which the rauronds shall not excced? It' allows them to charge rates for short hnuls largely in excess per ton per mile of what it awards them for lung hauls. but the Iaw does not force them to exact these excesstve rates. + ‘Tho rates for short hauls being excessive, all these Chicago’ roads have to do fs to re fuse tho short-haul rates, Nothing {3 moro ensy or slnple. Tha tarlit is by no means uniform, If a railroad: company can haul 300 miles {n Iinols for 40 cents, Itean cer tainly haul 100 miles for Jess than 40 cents and fifty miles for fess than 20 cents, ‘There 1s no Inv compelling thom to charge the excessive rates nlluwed them by the Com- inissloners on short hnuls, and any pretense that thoy are so compelied Incks the truth, The only thing the law insists on is that the roads eannot ‘chargo ono rate at one stn- tion, say of 150 miles, and then charge more than that at another.station of half or: two- thirds that distance, ‘The Chicago raflroads haya competition at certain crossing points, and must do carrying cheaply or loyo the business; but that docs not justify them in charging 90 cents ata station where there is no competition, when they carry from another station further off for 15 cents, Let thom make thelr rates lower on tho short hauls, and thon they will got business at competing points and all the frelght of the non-compating stations, Ly making’ moderate tariff at the non-com- peting points they will make up in inerensed. business any loss in reduction of freight charges, The cheaper the people can get thoir produce and ierchandiso curried to and from the Chicago market the moro stuff they will want-hanlod, ——— ’ THE: CONGRESSIONAL LIBRARY SOHEME, ‘the effort to create u go-enlled National Library: and to Induce Congress to appro priate millions of money for the purchase of asiteand the creetion of a building, to be followed in regular successton by large an- nual’ appropriations for the completion of the structure andthe maintenaneo of n new department in the Government, was re- garded with suspicion from the first by those familar with the expansion of such projects and the Jayish disbursements of public money thereon, It Is now sald that a real- estulo ring is behind tho affair, A recent dispateh from Washington represents that some Eastern mon inule a bad Investment in property on Capitol Hill somo yenrs ago; that they have not been able to turn Jt Into Income-beaving; that a portion of the dead property has been unloaded upon New England banks, which hag widened the circle of “{nflooenco” brought to bear upon Congrossmon; and that the bill ap propriating $1,500,000 as a starter, which falled’ In the last Congress, was de. signed to relieve thesa speculators from thelr poor investment by the Govern- ment’s purchase of the property. If the fi- brary scheme shall be: revived next winter, it may be that the details of this private job will be exposed, and such an exposure may liave the offect to put a atop to the project in tho present shapo, But that will not be'an end of the agitation fora Natlonal Library, for any oxctise to establish and-bulld upg new Government department will always find friends among pvrotessional politicluns and the classes who hope to live upon the expenditure of public moneys, itis easy to understand that n real-estate ring should be anxlons for n National Libra- ry, J£ the members of ‘such ring hayoa rea- sonable hope of selling out their property to the Government atahigh price. The mo- lives of Mr, Spofford, now Congressionul Librarian, aro clear enough, He has an am- bition to become National Librarian, with increased dignity and salary. and tho control of patronage which attaches. to an indepondent. department. There is a Tensun, too, why United States Sonntors and inembers of Congress aro anxious to ace commodate Mr. Spofford, slnce he 1s ox. cecdingly useful te thom wheu thoy are pre- parlng thelr spocches, At the samo time nothing is platuer than That the Government. js in no need of the ornamental appendage of « National Library, and that there are uses enough fer public money without set ting up & new establishment at Washington which willbe of no service jto the peopie, Congress ling now an Immense Ilbrary, The State Department hus _o magniftcent collec tlon of books arranged In what fs sald to ba the handsomost room jn tho world, Every Hepartment has a special Hbrary of Its own, selected with speclal reference to its wants and avithin reach of the persons who use It, A National Library Building iu Washington, whether located on Capitol: Hull, or-in Jue diclal Square, or anywhere else, would slinply be one of the sights to show visitors, without ‘belng of the slightest use to any part of the Government, Washington fs not ¥ Mecca for students, and it never will be so long as It is In the possession of tho politl- clans; und [ts not tho nifesion of the Goy- ormuont to supply the department clorks with novels to read and rooms for dawdling au fllrting, ‘Tho present quarters of the Congressional Library are undoubtedly overcrowded, but it-ia not necessary fur thelr rellog that: n Natlonal-Libruy should ve created. ‘here Congresstonal Library nay be ralleved. ‘The best way is to build somewhere near tho Capitot a plain, capnclons, tire-proof struct- ute of brick, which shall cost not more thap $20,000), for keeping tho books that are sent to the Government under the terms of the copy- right Inw. ‘fhese volumes constitule tho arent bulk of the growing Congressional Li- brary, and ninety-nine out of every hundred are never opencid after they reach Wash ington. ‘They cau bo carefully preserved fn this building for purposes of Iden. tification in any disprte ns to copyrights and thore will then be abundant room in tho Congressional Library for all the books of reference In American history and lexisla- tion which Congress needs. Another plan which hasbeen suggested Ia to oxtend the centre bullding of ‘the Capliol east and west, bull up new walls which shall correspond with Uiosoof tha wings, (hus giving the struct- ure more syminotry ant obtain additional room for the Ifbrary and committee uses, Such changes would not cost as muchas a National Library Butlding, would serve the purpose of nequirltig mora room, and would add to thoarehitectural beauty of the Capitol DBullding., ‘This pion would algo avold the future annual expense of inaintaluing 6 new Governinent department, which would an- questionnbly grow out of a National Library. THE SUBMISSION OF THE BOERS. ‘The Boors have handsomely eaten the leek offered them by the English, and, after nink- ing aconsiderable show of opposition. and bluster, have ratilled the convention, and: thus definitly settled tho-questions nt Issue. , ‘The English Government, tired of further foollng, recently sentaforee of 12,000 men Into the Transynal, whlel was n gentle hint to the Volisrand to the effget that if It failed to ratify the convention thelr country would be occupled and substantially annexed to Great Britain, Rather than run such a risk, tho Boers surrendered, after cight months of attempts to evade the Issue, anddireet threats to refuse to ratify If the Knglish did not withdraw thg provisions which were obnox- fous to them, the principal of which wore the fndenmity they have to pay and tho clause preventing them from interfering In any way with the surrounding natlons, whom they have Leen accustomed to plunder and enslave at will ‘Lhe war with tho Boers closed Inst March, and terms were nt.onco offered thom and necepted, subject to ratification by the Volksraad atter the Royal Commission had settled upon the details of the convention, ‘Yheso were submitted In April, and, as we have sald, wero continually evaded by the erafty Boers, until the English Government, getting out of patience, fixed the first of next month as the Hmitof time it would al- low for the settlement. As that time is closo at hand, and no prospect of a settlement ap- peared likely, the English dlspatched x col- unin of troops to the ‘Transyanl frouticy to be In readiness to enter and possess the country, ‘The mentee was a wholesome one, and the Boers subinitted, Under tho provis- Ions of this convention the Boers. ostensibly are allowed self-government, but they are still under the suzerainty of theQueen. ‘Tho British retain thelr rarrisons in the Trans- yanl and a British Residency wilt be estab- Ushed at the future eaplial, ‘Tho whole of the Transvaal fs virtually retroceded to tho Boers, but the regulation of tronticr affairs is kept in the hands of the English, and they (the Boers) lave no voice in foreign affairs, More than this, and whnt they haye pro- tested ngalnst the most vigorously, though to no purpose, the native tribes. around thom, whom they have alwnys consitored thelr Iawful prey,. are. entirely freed from any furttor danger of interference, ay the English guarantea their security. It is ap- parent that tho English have made no con cessions of any Importance, aud that, white granting the Boors salf-government, they ara still almost as much under the control of tho English as the Balknao princlpalitics wero under Turkish control prior to the war, whilo the English themselves have gained an Inineasurable advantage by securlug the {rlendship of the native tribes whom they undertake to protect agalust the Boers, thelr long-thne oppressors and enslavers, THE CONGRESSMAN CLARK DIVORCE SUIT, Tho long and interesting dispatch from Philadelphia which was printed fn the last Issuo of ‘Tae ‘Trimunn touching the do- mestie scandal In tho family of the Hon, John B, Clark, member of Congress from Missourl, throws new Hght upon It, and clearly demonstrates, whatever.fault the un- fortunate Indy may have committed, as al- loged by tho plaintiff, that the litter is by no means frvcl from responsibility, and that his conduct towards his wife has not only not been such as should huve’ been expected from a loving husband; but has been uhgen- tlomanly in the oxtreme, ‘and at thues has been characterized by prutality. * Tho case is not a singulny one, for it only ropents the old, old story of incongruous marriages and-the mysterious infatuatloy of women to fly at titles aud supposed woulth, ‘The evidenco shows that Mrs, Clark is a Indy of more than ofdinary smartness and hag had moro than ordinary experionce In the affales of the world, She ts not ignorant of the ways and responsibilities of married Ife, for she has been married onco before. Sho was known even’ in girthood asa person of decided Intellectual ability—n brilliant con- versationalist, a good writer, and a woll-adu- cated scholar, Sho was well acquainted with Washington life. She had ocenpted a clork- ship In one of the departments, and her ex- eoutive ability as a housckeepor enabled her to maintain a very gontec!-and comfortable home, which wus kept up in auch good style that Congressmen were glad to board with hor, At thistime she hind an offer of mn riage from a wealthy Baltimore gentloman, who apparently was in loye with her, and would have made n good husband, but hin sho doliborately discarded Sn favor of Con- gressinan Clark, a man who has never been heard of In Congress, who had none of tho inanly attractions that commend gnitors to women, and whoso principal accomplish- monts as displayed in her own house were drinking and boisterous conduct, Dut he was a Congressinan, and she marricd hin, only to flad that'he had-six children, no money to speak of, and bad habits, ‘hocap- Stalof the ‘now partnership was hor own, Tho houso In which thoy Nyed was the resulb of her own cconomy. She irled to economize, and hoe was exe travagant, and this produced tho first collision, ls extrema jealousy. led to othors, and at last hls drunkenness Ied to porsona! abuse, so that at times sho bad to fico from the:hoitse to escape Ils: brutality. She bore it fora time uncomplainingly. At last blows took the:place of words. Sho stltl bore with the abuse, and even apologized for bis conduct when it had becoine public, ‘Then ho’ suddenly left ler, and alleged scandalous complaints agulust hor as the cause, and: all this has occurred within a year from tho timo their marriage bells rang, ‘Ye truth of tho complaluts aguinst her can ouly: by established: by evidence before the courts In the ponding'sult for divoree which he has’ instituted, but; whether they are true or untrue, few people will have any respect: for thom. or for hin Ju view of the outrageous mannor in which he has treated her, Whatever may bo the result of the suit, the mystery of female in- fatuation WIM’ rewnly ay deep iy! ever and Kk Christianey cases before them there with be found women, not only In the Govern. nent departinents, but out of then, who will sland ready to rush head amt heels Int matrimony wilt anythhys in the gute uty nian, and without slopping to inquire ints lis antecedents or is character, provitee only he basa tle or Is reputed to hg Hel and who will bo ready to saetition thelr con fort, thelr dignity, and thelr Independence te the ‘remote chaneo of getting up iy th workl, without any regard to the meay; by which they cllinb or tho bosslbility og tinnbling down and finding themselves ina pilght that one can hardly pity, and still ‘A RATHER sensallonal elopemont now exelting attention tn Loniton—or at least ng mich attention as a incident of that Kind inight be expeuted to uroate In u elty of 4,093, Inbabltants, Maj. Grant, 0 woll-known ot In the English nriny, a tan 19 years of 4 marcied tye years ago to a very pretty Is just 1 otter ARG Fue att of 18, tho daughter of a country ecqutea, To nll appenrances tho life ted by the couple was nn oxceptionully — bap, Y one, but it scems that (he wile beenme Anfatye ated with her coachinan, 2 goot-looking, Tasty young fellow named George Huntington, Maj. hd Mrs. (rant itved at Hoda, Unt wero tn the habit of occasionally visiting the tady's Uruther, who {sf ian of moans, nnd hus x residence 4 ‘Trewin Shoviock, 1 was during one at Abese visits (hat the clopomont occurrud. ‘The Major bead beyn in the hubit of comin to this country avery summer, bis wife accompanying him, but this yenrsho did not tke the trip, and te ‘was during the absence of her husband, ov doutt, that the enterprising coachman won her young ulfections, Durtug a recent vislt to Mrs, Grant Drothor that person and Maj. Grant went out tor day's shooting, ang svon after they ln de parte Mrs. Grant and the convkmnn, the latter having changed his very for a plate sult, drove to Yorpoltit, Where thoy pald a man ty tako the earrings home again, Tho flevinz pair then wont to tho Southwestero Rallway Stutlon, a which point all traco of thom was lost. Mrs, Grant recently becamo possessed of considers. Dio property in her own right, 6o thie even jt tho potice succeed In catching hor the conse quences will not-b disastrous. rt Mn. Warren, ‘the proprietor: of the Lon don Tine, ts nuw paying this country n vist, and in cach olty ho {fs questioned by reporters ss to hig views on subjects supposed to Interest tna people of those United States, At Albany Me, Walter’ unbitrdened: himself of some thoughts concerning the tendenvy of Amorican comnunl- tlestogpend vast sums of monvy in the erec tlon of publte buildings when the samo might better bo applied in other directions. Meferring fo tho now elty-hall belng built tu Philadelphia, hosahls: One‘ vf the! largest public bultdlugs In the country fs coming to completion at the tntorse tion of Market and Broad streets, and jt not, only serves to obstruct tho beauthtul view of the Inst-namet avonte, but’ costs four timog as much agit should Phitidelphit fs.one of the most exconibly paved cltics 1 buve sot visited, ‘but lustend of remedying such an important detect they build a templo: in the clouds and leave the miserable traveler to piel his precss rious was tts best hy can over Its rugged thor oughfures. ‘Tho municipal economy is strangely at fault tbat lows such a condivion of attairs tu exist unregarded, These words aro plain. but thoy aro true, Some day an Amorican oditar will go to Enrope, and we shail expect Mr. Walter to afford hia every facility for pointing ont, through’ tho Tlines, somo things over tboro which teed reme dying, — Ix some of the richest distrlots of England tho harvest of 1831 makes tho seventh bad ‘one in auceession. In tho South, in nddition to bea crops, n heavy misfortune bs fatten uv farmers In the shape of liver rot in aheep, go that slice 1874 the Hocks of six southeustert: counties have deereneed 13 per cent, while an nbstract of wer euttural returns’ for all Great Britain shows a dhnlnution of us mucti as 20 percent in tho same period, Everywhere, except in Cumberland and Westmoroland, agriculture fs ut ts luw ebb of prosperity, and from the Tyne to tho ‘Thames, according to the London tues, and from thie Sovern to the Solent, cumes tha sawa storys From the fertilo: slats of Holderness and the Myght chal wolds of tho Hast Riding of Yurk« shire to the broad vales of Somerset und tho sheep walka of Wiltshire; from tho fens of Cambridgeshiro to the hop-gardens of Kent, tbe ery, only varled In degree by clreumstances, arises of distress and rulu, Tho chiof causesut this distress, aside from successive bud gensons, are sot down ns rotlows: Excossive rent, unfalt taxation, want of security for cupltal, jury from game, Incrensod cost of Inbar; and: heart logues of Hive stouk from contagious disease, a Says the Now York “ime: Tho Hon, Frank Hiscock, Spenkership of tho House, hus written u glow: ing lutter to the *Industelul Leneny at Amer Jen,” nytnpathiaing with the cofivention of murs Ufdottrers AL Chicngo next month whoa wit more tax protection, Lt is full of the ordinary commonplices of protectionism about the "de> velopment and utilizing of our native re: gourees,” “securing murkets for the products of our oil,” “the permancut protection of all industries’ whieh: ure depondent upon tbe bounty of our rich and varied soil.” vy levslag tuxes ‘on the cousumor, Hut \ naked (0 © sugecat tho best way for tha aecomplishincyt of that object,” Mr. Iitscock, Ik taany another duont talker, fs atrnok dumb with modesty. “it would," ha says, be presumptuous jn mo 19 lny down a ling of action.” ‘this ts where Mt lilgcock mukes n great inistako. Jb would uot be presumptuous, but very Kind and helpful, {0 hint to tay down ating of neuion by which bis rather huzs doctrines could bo put into pructicee Wo buve hud plonty of rhetoric and promitey but of delinit, common sense, practical sugaes> don to bring about. tho industrinl wnfllenglua webuve had nothing. Me. Hiscock should step Into "tho gap,” us Our Irish friends say. oe Frexcit journalism 1s certainly pecullare Nat long ugo tho: Gaulofs coutalned an article making very complimontary refercueo to the enterprise of Amorican papora, which, accords ing to tho Parls jourunl, “imalntain fotiliss which go out to meot newsbearing ships, at when necessary, ponctrate to tho North lola and the interior of Africa.” ‘Thi articty wot mado the subject of rittoule by nnoshior Paris paper, whloh dwelt particularly upon tho line possivility of sonding a flotilla to ContratAfricés Tho Gaulols responded vy Biving {ts rival & lesson In geography, and, after a turther intere chango of journalistic courtesies, iu which he excited editors referrod to cach otbor a “monkey” and “buitvon,” a duel was fougth tho Gawlole man recolving # slight wound in the loft’ arm. It Is sad that the: entorpriso of Amorioun newspapers ahould'lead to stich sory resulta in Europo, but it eannot te helped. ‘This country has’ got’ to bave-all the nows,lf every cditor in Franco js disabled, et enndidate | for ‘Tira assoelation which lias In charge the erostion of a status of the late Gen, Meade doet notacun tw bave beun strikingly successful 12 securiag & model for the proposed work of ar Having applied’ to: a: number of walt-know® sculptors, and Niding thoir work too costly, the nasoclitiow'nadvertigod for competitive motels and got fifteon of thom; ‘Tho ‘tirst prizo wot awarded to Alexander Caldor, but bis effort docé notseo;n to bo a thing of beauty.and a joy ror over, if onc is to Judye by the commonts pruhe Philadolphlu papers. Tho Times says that “the horao js 1n a conventional posture, and tho ride alts orcot tu hia suddlo, in bls best uniform, wit sword acd saah, and buttons, and feld-glus complote—a perfectly blanoless atutue—but bs world would never make pilgrimages tv 100) upon ft.” Anothor paper say's that tho od “hint of alive man aud a-lye horse.” Amt seoms to be on the declinu in Pennaylvanla. $< ‘Tue Montevidenn ‘newspapers chronicl® tho death in Montovideo of Miss Helous Jacke gon, tho Angelof Uruguay,” who founded et orpbau asylum at’ her own country-house & Atahualpo, sypported four or fvo schools 10 Montevideo, was 8 inembor of several philane thropical sovlotics, auduponta great pact of nat {ucome fn hoiplng tudigent familics, and this ins respoctive of alms of all kinds, while suo tura horown private sesidence tuto an asyluo i the noedy, For tho luat (on yoars Miss Jackso! has lyed retired from the world. Shu yee a young and beautiful; and wus knows ss Aart Mothor of tho Orphan and tie Poor.” Bho a of vouguation of (he bensu, and on thoday uf b ‘1 funeral bor residoneg wns titted with people, # bearing offerings of wreaths and Hower a Boaz people have queer {deas regarding weddings.. Mr. aphael sommes, whose sian will by recalled by all who bavo any kuowleds! of the recent uupleasuutucss, wus wmareied tbe othor diy in Loulgyille to Bliss Marlow Adan Atong tho decorations of the church in wile thu voremauy: eccurrad-was' a tloral Deane soutiug te Alavamas e wuly commanded bY