Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 1, 1881, Page 4

+ YHE, CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, OCTOBER -1, 1881—SIXTREN PAGES. Ge Criluine. TEMMS OF SUNSCRIZTION, AY MAIL—IN ADVANCE—PosTAGE PREPAID. Unilg eaition, one years. 22,00 arty of w Fear, por month. 1.00 an re 14.00 ineaiigrand Fun nOryonrc, | MOB Hunday,'1G-paue edillon, pet War eereseserecee BOO WEEKLY EDITION—POSTPAID, Dna copy, por yea _ 50 Mana Beene 0 fwanty-ono eat 20,00 Bpocimen copien re Gio Post-Ofticd addrcas tn fall, Including County and Btato. Remittances may bo mato either by draft, express, Pont-OMico order, or in registered Teter, at our rlaks TO CiTY SUDSCHIBEMS, Dally, doltvored, Sunday excopted. £5 conts por weok. Dally, deltvored, Sunday Included, 30 cents per week, Aditress TUE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Cornor Madison and Denrporn-st8.,, Chicago, 11h, POSTAGE. Entered at the Post-OMee at Chicrga ly as Second= Claas Matter, Fortho boneftof ane patrons tho dosira to sond YUngiecoplus of TUF TRINUNE throwzh the mall, wo kiveherowith tho transient rata of postaga:, Foretan and Domeatin Per Ovpy, Nicht and Twolvo Pe 3 conta, Ixteon Mago Pap ‘S conte. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES, TE CHICAGO TRIAUNE has establishod branch offices for tho receipt of subscriptions abd advertisur ments ns follows: 2 NEW YOUK—Hoom % Tribune Bullding, F.'T. Mc> FAppes, Manazer, GLASGOW, Scottand~Alian’s American Agoncy, 5) Henfleld-at. LUNDON, Eng—~-Amorican Exchange, 40 Strand, HESUY F, GILr1G, Agont. WADSLUNUTON, D.C, News Fetrant, AMUSEMEN'LS, Grand Opern-Hon Clark. stroot, opposl. new canrt-llouse, ment of the Unton-Squaro THentro Company. Banker's Daughter.” Afternous and evening. ‘Engages “The MeVieker's Thentre. Madison strect, between State Engagement of Denman Thompson. tomb.” Afternoon and oroning. a Nearharn. josbua Whit Maverly's ‘Thentre. Monroo street, botweon Clark and Dearborn. En- BAuoment of John McCutfough.. “Virginius.” Af- turnoon and evening, Oismple "Theatre. Clark street, bo ween Laka and Mandoloh. Engagze- mentaf Barry and Fay’s Comody Company, ‘Mule doun's Piente.” Aftornoon and evening, Hootey's Thentre. Pan¢olph wrest beeen Clark and La “alle. Engugomont of Willie Edoutn'a Sparks Company. “Breans.” Afternvon and orening. Aendems al Muste, Tralsted street, near Madigon, Wost Sida, Varloty entertainment, Aftornoun and evonlug. Lyceam Theatre. Desplaines struot, near Sadtaun, Wast Side, Vari- ety ontertalnment. Crtterion ‘Thentre. Corner of Sedgwick and Division streets, Variety entertainment, Afternoon and evening. Industrial Exposition. Laka-Front, opposit Adams atreet, Upon day and svening. O'Brien's Galléry, 28 Wabash avenue, Art Exhibition—"Tho Court uf Death.” ‘ SATURDAY, 1831, OCTOBER 1, ‘Tur alleged intention of the New York Stalwarts to shelys Senator Lapham tn the Cabinet and return Mr, Conkling to the Sen- ate puts a low estimate upon the dignity or self-respect of the former. Mr. Conkling may be sufiiciently humbled to take by appoint. ment from the Governor an office he falled to net by election; but Judee Lapham, it Is to be hoped, lias too ively a sense of duty to Jend hinselt to a conspiracy of thatnature, — In Tur Trmunr yesterday there was an editorinl reference to the cuse of the lot- owners at the Town of Culehonr fn this zounty, and some comments upon the action of Mr. We HH. Colehour, ‘Pus Trimvxe’s comments were founded on the bil! for fore- closure prepare! by the Clark helrs, and the recital of facts in that bill we lind no reason to question, We are informed, lowever, that some of the purchasors of tots in Cole- hour, to the number perhaps of 200, dis- eavered, before making tinal payments to Colehour,’ the existence of the previous mortgage, and, thus forewarned, were able to obtain relenses from the mortgages upon * payment of $70 ver lot to the mortgagee, Ot this fact no mention is made in the bill, but justice demands that It be stated. Itis une derstood, also, that the land not Included fn the Town of Cofehour Is of itself worth more than the orlginal mortgage, In which cuso the lot-owners at Colehour will be re- Heved of thelr embarassment. ‘Te aren of drouth In tls country Is estl- mated by a Canadian writer as ‘an immense oval extending from Central Texas in the Southwest ton [Ittle beyond Montreal in the Northenst, and from Kansas and Iowa to Georgia ina northwest and southensé Hie.” This includes a territory 1,000 miles long by over 900 miles wide, embracing nearly 1,500,000 satire tniles—eightthines as large as France, or thirteen tinies as large as Great Britain and Ireland. ‘Thodeficluncy of rainfall over shis area, if It could be collected in ons place, would make a body of water of the avorage ilepth of 120 feet and as Inrge as Lake Erle, or it would exceed the total surface of the xreat Iakes If spread out at an average depth of fittesn fect, which would be sufficient to tloat any lake vessel, Niagara Falls nt flood- Aight discharging at the rate of 1,000,000 cubic feet of water per second would require one whole year to pour the estimated deticlency of ralnfall over the brink into the chasm below, Lake Ontario Is said to bo'eighteen inches lower than ever before known, and the fall Ju the other lakes has been in proportion, ‘Tue objection tu the burlal of the lato President in Lake Vlow Cemetery, arising from the supposed speculative Interest of the fot-owners and managers of tha corporation’ {nthe matter, has been removed by the ox- planation of the Cluveland Leader, ‘The trustees of tho cemetery had no mercenary: inotive in offering a place for the interment of the President, and could have none, for the reason that no pecuntary profit can ac- rue to them or any other priate peraon out of the revenues of the assodlatlon. All tho lot-owners aro stockholders; no dividends ever have been or can be paid; but the net recelpts, If any, aro invested In a porpotual fund, the Incume from which is applled to the care of the grounds, Provision is made In this mannor tor suitable attention to the Presidenv’s grave, not only during this gen- eration, while his memory is yet green, but for many years to come, In yiew of the neglect of the graves of many of the other Presidents, Including Washington, Jefferson, Mudlson, and Jackson, for longer or shorter burlods, it 1s a subject for congratulation that President Garfleld’s last resting-place Is aot to be exposed to the same risks. Posstpix the tender by the Exposition Fompany of tho use of the agricultural hall ian engine-house was suggested by sellish Murposes, tho company thinking» It would hereby secure a stronger hold upon the city n its tenancy atthe will of the latter, Bo shig as ft may, it will be much better that the elty accept this offer than to proceed with the erection of another temporary structure on the Lake Park public grounds, tn viola- Lon at once of public rights and the fire ord!- kywce, There is danger that the public ground fronting on tho Inko will gradually come tobe filled up with a lot of cheap structures, paying little or no rent to thocity, which, under the pistense of enjoyime tem- porary possesalon, will in the end secure 9 fixed tentit®, 'Thoto are already the Expo- sition Building, di.armory crected for the nc- coinniodation of a battery of artillery, and tho “grand, stand? for watching the base-ball games. There certafnly shonit tot be added to this list a veneered grain bullding fol the necommodation of an engine company or for any other pttrpose. It ts the duty of the City Government to protect the public grounds from encronchment, and bott: to obstrve dnd to enforce the fire ordinanes,” If the Expost- tion Company Issvilling that the city should ovettpy a portlon of ifs building ns an engines house, there will at least be the sain of so much rent ds a new cnaine-house would rep- resent and a protection of the public ground on tho Lake-Front froni further occupancy. Att the facts in regard to the desperate eampnign of Mr. Conkling in. New York ought to be in possession of the , people. They will be needed for future reference, In tho Second Assembly District of Onelaa, Mr. Conkiing’s home county, he succeeded In electing but eight out of forty-eight dele rates; yet these eight, being precisely one- sixth of. the convention, bolted, according to the prearranged plan, and sent up a contest- ing delegation to the Stute Convention. ‘Tho same course has been pursed in many other counties and districts whereln the want of provocation was almost ns consplett- |p ous. ‘This is “the rule or rin policy? ree duced to its lowest terms; and It has been concelved In the Interest of ono of whom his supporters used to be proud to say: “Ilo lias never faltered or fallen ont of lino; ho fs a. Stalwart of the -Statwarts, and. always obeys tho parfy ddcrees.” Tho Buffalo Lz preas eletrly shows how and by whom these yarlous splits have been organize Uverywhere throughout the State tho Stel- warts ‘aro actting up contesting delegutions whorover they cannot carry the local cuircuses aud conventions. .In Utica, tho Stalwart Jeader himevlf, ex-Senator Conkling, beuds # cantest- iug delegation from the minority of a district courention in which he was fulrly and squarely beaten despito his utmost efforts. In Whites: town ft {s Canal- Appraiser Dennison who fore the eplit and makes bimnself udelegate by t ‘Yotes of one-tenth tho members of tho cauct At Oswexn it 1g Canul-Auditor Pinco who hen the bolters aud aplitters, On Grand Istand itis Cunat-Superintendent Bedell woe drives tho caucus out of his house and with tho ald of dozen adherents makes a bogus delngation. 1 {dently the ennal Is being worked for all it te worth as a pulltical machine. The canal ring is the backbone of the machine in New York, Ifthe canal ring authorizes and encourages bolting, the ma- chine does It, What kind of a machine Is tt that breaks down party’ organization, puts a premium on belting; and stiniuiates every varloty of dlsaffection? ‘The only plausible excuse for the existence of a machino—that itty necessary to keep up the discipline of the party—Is gone the moment it enters upon tho tortuous paths of rebellion against the majority and defiance of public opinion, Tue Republlean candidate, for Governor of Wisconsin deserves credit for having taken the “temperance” question fairly by the horns. Ile was invited by a selt-appoint- ed champion of coercive teatotalisin: to choose his horn and be Impaled upon it, but promptly declined the flattering invitation, Gen, Rusk contradicted tho report that he had pledged himself to veto prohtbitory leg- fslation. He could not well makea pledge to that effect, ns it is not Intended that any prohibitory legislation shall be submitted to the Governor. A prohibitory amendment to the Constitution has been in contemplation, but the Governor would have nothing to do with the ‘submission to the people of stich: nn amendment A Joint resolution of the Legislature proposing fn amendment to the Constitution docs not require the avproval of the Governor. Gen, Rusk stated these facts a3 0 sufficient denial of the statement that he was pledged In advance to veto any bills submitted to him. Ife might have stopped here and dodged the real point at issue, as politicians are inclined to do. But he chose to do other- wise, He says plumply, over his own signa+ ture, that he ts oppesefl to prohibitory Jegis- Intion for the reason that it has proved, in the experience of other States, to be Inef- fective. ‘Chis brings the issue squarely be- fore the people, The Germans are satisfied with Rusk’s position, and the Milwaukee Herold, which formerly was Inclined to tunke trouble, now says: ‘This new confession of falth by Gen. Rusk tends to dispel cvery doubt which may have existed among the delegates ubout having cust thelr yates for an enemy of persunul liborty. For tho first thme in the history of the Ka: pubilcan party of this State, a Hepublican can- didute for Governor bus, regardless of alt can aequcnces, been outspoken upon the temperance question to tho satisfaction of the liberal cie- ment of the pary Germundom and the Ger- man presa, Havlug unanimously called for a declarution oo the part of Gen. husk, have nobloved a great triumph. Rusk brs broken tho bond butween himaelf and the tomporince men, ‘Tho latter will now, in sheer rage, vote nauinst bim, On tha sccount the Liderals should the moro earnestly support the party, which has driven out the temperance faction, a faction whieh In it was entirely out of pluce, Whatever may be the result of this manly declaration of prinelpies on the persona! fort- unes of Gen, Rusk, ive rejoley that he has had the courage to uinke himself understood. It istlmo that Republican candidates should cease to quibble or hedge on the testotal question,. Either thay must be for prohibl- tury legislation or against St, and In either ense they owe itto themselves, to their party, and to tho cause itself that when respectfully asked for thelr opinions they shall have a plain answer to inake, THE NEW ADMINISTRATION, President Garfleld {sno more, and Pres! dent Arthur reigns in his stead, ‘Tho death of Louls XLY. was announced by tho Cup- taln of the body-guard.from the window of tho State Departmont, Ralsing his truncheon above his head, he broke It in the ventre, and, throwing the pleces among the crowd, ex- elalmed In loud yolce; The King is dead?’ Then, taking another stuff, he tlour- ished It In the alr as he shouted: “ Long live the King!” ‘This ineldent has been shorn of much of Its dramatic force by the lapse of tine. : # When the King's font rested on the necks of his subjecta, whether it bore lightly or heavily, was question of great moment— nay, perhaps of life or death—to smilllons, Whenaver, ‘therefore, the crown changed heads Jt was usually the signal for excitement and turmoll, But whatever happened there wag always a relgn of sycophancy, If the dead King had reigned ever au wisely and justly, still it was “bad form” to praise hw, because praise of the. dead King was imped critlclsn of the new, Nving Kings and ordinary human belngs do not criticlso a ruler who employs a headsman with a sharp ax. Consoquently, the newly-crowned old- stylo King was eutlrely ignorant of his sub- jects’ real oplnion of him, They didn't dure even to give an expression of sorrow to the exclamation, “The King is dead!” byt thoy shouted at the top of thei volces, and Juvilantly, “ Long live the King!” , |. But in a government of the people, by the people, and fur the people, we have changed allthis, ‘The ojd comparison, as waak as the humblest subject, has Jost its fores, for all subjectsare allke, and the Kiug—Presl+ dent—himself {s subject of the lawl Every subject of the King of olden tue fiad sume- thing to fear from hia muster; for ho might tax lim inequitably, might drag him forth to battle In an unjust war, might seize him ond throw hin. into a dungeon in order to deapbtt hitn of tho flower of Its fainity. . But H thero are no masters in America, Tho citi zen of the United States {a no man’s man. Even tho poor, long-oppressed African 13 free. Ile, then, who here relles upon syco- phaney to deceive the President as to tha trend of public sentiment depends nyon a broken reed, ‘The great mass of the Ameri- can people want nothing of the new President but that hoe shall perform the duties tinposed upon him by law. Only ofliceseekers and oflee-brokers will seck to tlecalve President Arthur—those who crook the pregnant hinges of the kneo that thrift may follow fawning. To bofleve that ho will listen to these, and disregard the advico ofthe milfions of sovereigns, who havo the power to make and unmake mon, fs to deny to him common foresight, common judg. ment, and common honesty, But wa are not without a guide to 9 better opinion of Presl- dent Arthur than that he 1s about to In- nutgurate a war of factions in the Republican party on the very heels of tho pence cstnb- lished by hls great predecessor. We have the words of his brief Inaugural, spoken to tho whole people under moat solemn and miost linpressive circumstances: Ail tho noblo aspirations of iny Iamontod pro- decessor which found expression fn pio life: the Incusuiros dovised and suxgosted during bis Uriel a\diministration to cnrrect abuses and onforce veonomy; to Advance the prosperity and pro- mote the general welfnro; to tusuro domestic security And iwalutaln friendty and honorable relitions with the nations of the earth, will bo marnercd in the hearts of the people. and it will be my curnest endexvor to profit, and to seo that tho Nation shall profit, by his exninplo and ox- nce. . « « ‘She gloom and anxiety which nshrouded the country must make repose eal iis weleome now. . 6. Tho Constitn- ton defines the functions and powers of the Executivens clearly as thozo of citherof the other departments of the Government, ond ho must answer for the Just exercieo of tho disere- tion It permits and tho performance uf tho dutles It imposes, Summoned to those high duties and responsibilities, and profoundly con- solous of thelr muigaitude and gravity, Lassumo the trust imposed by the Constitution, relying for aid on Diving gutdance, and the virtue, Paradies and fateliigengo of the Amorican people, "This language, unmistakably clear tn its import, was hailed by the country with arent satisfaction, and accepted as a gharantes that tha new President will do nothing to disturb the harmony evoked from the chaos of fuction by the wisdom, moderation, and firmness of his {lustrious predecessor, And the country rests the more securely in this coniidence beenuse the course thus plainly ontlined is so evidently caleulated, tt pur- sucd, to win for President Arthur not only the affection of the American people, but the good opinion of all mankind. The eyes of .the world ure upon the new Executive of the Great Republic, While President Garfield Ingered and struggted on the hither side of denth’s door, his life, his character, and tho «distinctive features of his adutnistrative policy becsme housohold words, not only In this but in all Jands; and. notonly did his life and character inspira confidence and win aifection, but his policy seeured the approbation of all civilized peoples, An the clear light of this famillarity with and approbation of Garileld’s policy Presi- dent Arthurs Administration opens. With the details of the home policy of our Gov- ermnent foreign peoples are not apt to be familiar, Hence the present situation is en- tirely- exceptional, Every step taken by President Arthur will be watched abroad 19 well nas at home with curlous if not absorb- ing attention, and it{s certainly not too much to say that the measure of success of tle new Adinintstration will depend upon the closeness with which it shall followin the footsteps of the late President, With these lights to guide him it will be stranga Indeed if the new Prosident does not commend him- self to the love of the people of the United States and his Adininistration to the respect of mankind. —_—_— THE WISCONSIN DEMOORAOY. The Democratic State Convention, which met last Wednesday in Milwaukee, was an insipid and thinly-attended affair, many of the counties being unrepresented, and a tack of enthusiasm was perceptible throughout the proceedings. This lack of spirit arose from tho fret that a goot! many prominent Wisconsin Democrats are of the opinton—and Mt fs « correct one—that the Bourbon party in that State Ins got the galloping consump- tlon, nnd that the discaso has so far pro- gressed and absorbed so much of the pationt’s yitality that It only awaits the kindly sorv> fees of the undertaker. Of this numbor is Gen. Edward S, Bragg, Representative from the Fifth District, and Judge Q, W, Cato, ex-Congressman trom the Elghth District, both of whom expressed themsolyes recently in favor of organizing a new party, with the anti-monopoly plank as the party shibboleth. Other old fossilized Bourbons, however, do not tnke the same view of the altuation, and are in favor of keeping np tha old organization, ‘They hinve bewn knocked down so often that thoy rather Iike It, Thoy met In convention Inst Weilnes- day and nominated a full list of candi- dates for State officers, beginning with Gov- ernor and nding with . Insurance Com- uissfoner. ‘Thoir candidate for Governor is Mr. Nicholas D. Fratt, of Racine, a vory respectable and intelligent farn- er, and President for some years of tho State Agricultural Society, Ie was nlsoa State Senator fur sonietime, and 4 somewhat noted local politician of average wbility, He has long had Gubernatorial aspirations, and was the leading candldate fora while in the Fond du Lac Convention of 1877, when Judge Mallory was finally nominated, Mfr. Fratt has senso enough to be In favor of honest ineney, and was boaten at that thio beenuse his party hada severe attack of flat lunacy, Another reason why he was not nominated then was that the Democracy then held all the State offices excopt Govern- or, and had a falr prospect, everybody thought; of belng able to elect the full State Ucket. With that prospect ahead, there wero candidates enough who, lke Barkis,; were “willl” but when they re- member the 80,000 majority for the lamented Gartletd Just fall, they wre now willing that Mr. Fratt shat! have the empty honor of 0 nomination, He Is comfortably well off for a farmer, but hag no “ bar'l” for tho boys to enthuae over, or Sf he had he hes too much sense to take the headout, As this is the off-yenr, and ns tho party Is committed to freq whisky and antl-monopoly, it is safe to suy that Gen, Rusk, the Republican candi- date, will probably be ahead In the Novem- ber count about 20,000 votes, Dr, Anderson, of La Crosse, the candidate for Lisutenant-Governor, !s also a yory re- apectablo nomination, and he is a very ru spectable gontiuman of sufficient capacity to preside over the Senate If there ever should ben call fur such services, Hohas served as Chairman of the Demooratio Central Com- mittee forsoveral years, and Is therefore some- what promlucnt ag that sort of a statesman, ‘Tho other, candidates are quite unknown to fame, but are all personally worthy of the votes of the unterrifled Wisconslu Demuc- racy, ‘They will alt be so soon done. for as candidates that they will wonder what they were begun for, : * The wanner of nomingting these gentle men was quite unique, axl, as a labor-saviug machine, commend us to the late convention, ‘The new plan was worthy of the biz brain of Mr, Joe Rankin, with whom {t originated, Instead of allowing the convention to have a hand jn it, the whole business of selecting the candidates was, on motion of the gfore- sald Hankin, committed to the tender mer- cles of n committee consisting of two from each -Congressional district, with Joe ns Chairman, of course, according to tho rules of parliamentary etiquet. It was proctleally abollslitng the Democratle party of Wiscon- ain, or at lenst stiiling the individual choice of tho delegates. But Rankin thought they could not be trusted to make n choles, and perhaps he fs quite right. But the new de parture hag ita advantages. It expedites business, and gives the tletegates an oppor: tunity to go out and take a drink while the Committee on Noininations ts fixing up tho ticket. It {3 stilt n mystery, how- over, why Vrof. Graham, ef tho Oshkosh Normal School, ant tho Republican candl- date for Superintendent of Public Instrac- tlon, shoutd by honored with the sume noml- nation on the Bourbon ticket. Is it possible that there Is no Democrat tn Wisconsin who fs capnble of belng placed at the hen of tho educational system of the State, and that thoy are compelled to select a Republican as aenndidate? Or Is It because Mr. Graham was defeated on the Republican ticket for the same office In 1873, when CG, C, Washburn and nll his colleagues went under and Marm- er Taylor swept tho State? The platform adopted consists of the usual platitudes and denyneiation of tha Renub- lean party, and the custumnry sop is thrown to the Inboring and industrial classes, 1t was quite sufficient, ono would uaturally sup pose, te numtnate a farmor for Governor In order to convinces that Nighly respectable class of cilfzens that no party can be trusted to look after the agricultural interests of tho State but the Democrats, without promising 80 rishly In the platform. But it makes one smile audibly when he realy tho denuncia- tions of monopolies to remember that the man who wrote the platform fs the retalned attorney of ono of the greatest corporations in tho State, and that the Chitrman of the committee who made up the ticket Is tho pald lobbyist of another great and over- shadowing corporation. ‘Tho ellmax of tho aAntlMonopoly joke will bo reached when the Democratic Chairman of the Central Conmittec goes to the richest monopolist In the West, as he undoubtedly will, and asks Iiim to contribute a liberal sum with which to curry on the campaign THE CIVILIZATION OF AFRICA. We had ocension to remark the other day that the nomenciatura which included African in the Old World was in some need of re- vision. Saving Egypt and the Northern shore, Afrlen is younger historically than America, and geologically the advantage of youth fs decidedly In favor of the former. The favorit fleld of modern explorers is found in Contral Africa, Its natural his- tory, flora and fauna, topograty, anthropolo- ey, productions, and climate are less known than those of, any other equal tract of coun- try on the globe, ‘The difficulties of travel in Africa and the slowness of the incans of communication aro strikingly shown In tho latest dispatches from Mr, Henry M, Stanley, Until yester- «lay week the last heard from him was that he was lying very fll, probably at the pointot death, Ina remote and almost inaccessible part of the Congo region. “The nows a few days ago was that he had recovered and was at the tine of writing in robust health, But the news was two mnonths and a half old. ‘Tho fetter was dated July 4, Since that date Stanley may have been fll snd reeovered Again, or he may have succumbed to disease and now Ile buried in some African forest, or have met his fato in savage warfare or In the treacherous rapids of the Congo, ‘The experlence of Stanley, as of all other Afrlean oxplorers, demonstrates the pucullar obstactesin the way of opening up Central Africa to the Influences of civillzation. Canon Rawlinson, in an articla on “ The Prospect- ive Clvillzation of Africa” In alate number of tho Princeton Review, considers these ob- stacles In detall. This first ona Is geographic. The coast line of African is 17,000 miles only, or retually leas than-that of Europe, though Europe is but one-third its size, Asia's seu- board {3 moro. than double that of Africa, while thelr respective arens stand in the pro- portion of 13g to 1, Amerlen’s seaboard {1s 23¢ tlnes the African, while the arens of the two Continents areas 3 to 4, For every Hnear mile of African const thore aro 710 miles of continental area,which isa much Jarger pro- portion than in Europe, Asia, or elther of the Americas. Thera are few points in Europe more than- 600 miles from tho seaboard, while more than half of Af- rica Is so situated. Moreover, there aro few good harbors along the const and no navigabie rivers penetrating the interlor, as in all the othor great geographical divistons, Tho Nile ts navigable but elght degrees out of the thirty-two comprised In Ita course, ‘The navigation of the mighty Congo, whieh Is second only to the Amazon In size, ceases almost immediately after the estuary which forms It mouth Is passed, and the Niger ennnot be used continuously by bonts for more than 400 ont of Its. 1,800 miles. While water communication Is thus seriously Inter- rupted, Innd travel is equally diMeult, ow- ing to the nature of the country. The whole northern region {fs cut off by the Sahara Desert from the southern and middle ter- ritory, and there are yast tracts of desert and arid table land In the south and west. Other obstucies which need not be fully described hero aro the unwholesome climate of the const, especinily tha west const; tho savage ignorance, brutality, treachery, and Jealousy of the nutlves, and tho want of agreement between them, If there wero any eteat nation with whieh the explorer could troat ho might bo assured of a safe conduet for a considerable part of his Journey, Sut the travoler now finds that fio has no sooucr obtained the good will of the chieftain than he rendore It useless by passing into the do- minfon of another petty tyrant, who has to be treated with aud conoilated on his own account, ‘The motives for the civilization of Africn are, however, 80 strong that they must ulll- snately overcome al} impediments, Tho zeal of Cheisttan misstonaries, tho actlyity of commercial enterprises, the private fondness for adventure, to say. nothing of tha un- quenchable thirst for gold, which exists in Inrgo quantities in Africa, all tend to tho same result, . * Canon Itawlinson has come so near ton solution of the problem that {¢ is surprising he should have missed { Ho has perculyéd the wantof communteation with the Into rior, but has ‘not sugested the means by, which that want may be supplied. ‘To Amer {eane, accustomed to the development of vast tracts of land by clyilizing agents, it Is sur prising that thoro should be a dovbt'of tho best way to accomplish the desired result. ‘There can be no commerce with Central Af- tiea until it Is reached bya railway, Tho Journoy Is too Jong, the linzurds too great, and the expense too burdensome for any profitable commerce to grow out of ordinary Tund travel, Butlf there wera the cheapest klud of a narrow-gage road from. Zan- zibar to the Inke region everything would be different. There would be easy nce cess ty the fertile regions. Colonles might be planted, New supplies of ‘gold and Ivory would be obtainsd. Above all, a new tuarket would be found for the products of the world, and espacially for British man- ufuctures, which are uow pressing hard on the Hilts of clviiizatlon and sacking every- where new purchasers at reduced prices. ‘The guin ay not as yet be thought worth: the risk of tho venture, but ft will soon be thought so, Until that time shall come It is practically assttred that the lofty plateaus, ferttlo lands, julld and wholesonie climate of the Afrtean Inke country will bo shit olf from civiltzation, and will seldom bo reached oven by hardy and adventurous explorers. eee eee) THE BTAN-ROUTE PROSECUTION. It!s a matter for sineero congratulation that the star-routo thloves reckoned’ without their host In the assumption that the long itl ness and death of the Inte President would divert public attention from thelr rasentitles, and that with the ndyont of Presitent Ar- thur to’ power the politfeat complication would bo such as to bar all proceedings against thom. Lt isa niatter for equally sin- core congratulation that whatever tho Pres- ident may do or nny not do in the future, he lins confirmed his promise to entry out the pulley of his predecessor In this bitsiness at. least, and to take up the prosecution where it was dropped, and use all his influence in assisting the Inw officers to hunt these scoun- drels down and pitutsh them for thetr vitlainies, There has clearly enough been no hesitation on the part of the Postmaster-General, the Attorney-General, or any of the officials representing tho prosecution, as to thelr duty in tho prem- ises, nor have they relinquished thelr hold upon tho scoundrels notwithstanding the sorrowful episodes of the past threo months. ‘The Postmaster-Genera! approached the President inn manly way that will commend him to the people of this country, and noti- Nec hii that as long as he was at the head of the Departinent, whether temporarily or not, he should {nsist upon haying the supportand assistance to which he was entitled; “that the President knew he uld not desire to em- Uarrass him for one moment by remaining In his Cabinet any longer than the President preferred, but so long as herotained his post- tlow he was determined to perform the duties of his plice In tho interest of tte people.” It Is due to the Presidunt to say that ho replied with equal mantiness—that thero must bo no mistake as to his purposo towards all persons who had been guilty of fraud, and thut 1f the Government had been defrauded by the star-route ring tho members of. It must be punished, + As the first official act of tho new President, this Jooks encouraging, and fndicates that how- ever near he my come or however far he may diverge from the polley of his lamented predecessor he has no sympathy with offl- ein) thieves, and no intention of condoning fraud agalust the Government, ‘This. position assumed by the President lings removed the Inst ground of hops felt by the star-ronte ring. ‘They now know that the lightning must strike, but wheroor when they ara tgnorant, Thuy have abandoned their swagger and impudence, and are ‘seck- Ing that Inst resort of thieves when they are discovered—squeallng—to get away. This, of course, they wonld never have dona had they not felt pretty curtain that the Government had evidence enough to convict them, but It none the less’shows the desperation of the situation, and has the added value that itmay bring other scoundrels to the surface who have heretofore succeeded In keeping out of sight. With the evidence the Government already has, sttpplemented by the full con- feaslons of such men as Walsh, who has been Iu the star-route, business from its In- ception, and of Star, the Deadwood Tost- master, whose removal by the President was the first announcement to the ring of the gathering storm, the prosecutors ought to have no difficulty in going clear to tho bot- tom of the raseality, Whileno guilty person should be allowed to escape, the people will expect tho proseeutors to: keep thelr clutehes on the big rascals, the Bradys and Dorseys of the ring, and, if they aro convicted, to give them the full benefit of the law. If any leniency fs to be shown, let it be shown to tho little Postmasters who were In the handa of the big rascals; thelr action Is none the less culpable, but the nets of justice heretofore have been In the habit ofsnaring tho’ little fish and lotting the big ones brenk through the meshes and escape, ‘This tine the people would lixe to see the case reversed and the big ones caught, what- ever may happen to the little ones. The zeal and determination of thé prosecutors, the watelfulness of ox-District-Attorney Bliss, the positive attitude of the President, and the tremendous squealing fuside of the ring. show that Justice at Inst Is. about to be avenged, and’ that the scoundrels nre quak- ing and shivering with fear at her approach. ‘The prosecutors cannot commence any too soon or make thelr. work any too thorough, no inatter who {s criminated. THE POSSIBLE ‘ERA OF GOOD FEELING.” The statement has been made that the Democratic and Republican Senators who mut on thé funeral train which accompanied the tatu President’s remains from Washing- ton to/Oleveland tacitly assented to a pro- garam for the organization of the Senate which would prevent any wrangling, loss of time, and bitterness of f¢oling. Tho basis of this understanding ts sald to bo that a Repup- Nean shall bo vlected President pro tem., and. that the Dentocrats should have the privilege of selectlug the Secretary of the Senate to fill the vacuncy oceastoned by Col. Burch's death, and of retaining the presént Domo- cratle Serguant-at-Arms, It is not safo to repose much confidence in any arrangement which Involves the sacrifice of any party ad- vantage by the Democrats, and we fear that this program will not be carried out, At tho samo time, such an adjudtment of Senate affairs would bo obylously equitable and deslrable, It would tairly represont the elalina of the two parties, which will bo equally balanced fina full Senate, It would realize the public sense of justice which feels that tho succession to thd Presidency, vested by law in tho presiding ofiicer of the Benate, should rentaln in the Republican party, It would also furnish the Democrats with a compensation In the patronage of the Senate, which 1s almost outirely in the hands of the Secretary and Sergeant-at-Anns, Finally, lt would bo an Informal notice of a purpose in both partles at this time to abate mere party strife Inordor to promote good feollng—a notice which would he peoullarly acceptable to the people Just now, ‘There was a very general conviction while Prosident Gariteld was battling for life that, should hesurvive, thera would ensue another “era of good fecling” such as prevalted un- der President Monroe. ‘The popular con- domnution of the assasin's work, the unl- versal sympatliy that went out to the Nation's patent, the hope and belluf that Gulteau’s bullet had given « mortal wound to the spolls system, and the political peace and material prosperity of the country were the condl- tions upon which such @ conviction was based. But is not the accession of Gen. Ar- thur to the Preaidency under the same con: ditions almost if not equally favorable toa revival of an “ern of good feeling”? ‘There aro certuin reflections which polut out an ensy path to such o goal, If the new Presl- dent and the leaders of the two parties are sincerely favorable to political harmony, ‘The important work before Congress ts alinost entirely of @ non-partisan character, and the two liguses are 80 closely divided between the to parties that the completion of this work will requive the codperation to a certain extent of buth partics to Insure the necessary majority, Let ussee, When Con- Kress shall meet it will fad the finances of the Govornmont so admirably arranged that it will be for the bonofitof the country if no finaneial tegistation shall bo naitated, One of the first dulles confronting Congress witl be to ynss a law inaking §t treason, punishable with death, to assault the President of the United States with intestt to kL No part san bins ean enter Inte auen a question, Ate other pressing question, the consideration of, which has been hurrlul on by the recent iasnsinatton, will ba such a reform of the civil servico ds alintl assure a fixed tentire of place to the minor oficerd of the Government, and thus remove one of the ehief temptations: to’ tho ofiee-brokers and ono of the principal ‘provocations fo the bitterness of strife between contending political factions, It may be rea- sonably oxpected that 4 project of clvil-sory- lee. reform will find advocates and oppo- nents in both parties, and heneo this ques- ton will not call fora strict matntennnce of party lines, A third question, the settle. ment of which should no- longer bo de- ferred, Is to determine the manner fn which the President shall be chosen, and how the Electoral vote sliall be counted tf tho present system be retained. The discussion and final settlement of this prublemn. will require statesinanship of a high orders and, in view of the fact that there will not be another Presitential election for three years, pull- tlelans of every complexion ean betfer aiford to dismiss Gvery consideration of party nds vantage thon’ to involye the Presidential Issue In confusion and uncertainty. ‘The subject of National supervision of tho rall- ront systom tn the interests of the people, conformiug to the well-settled judlelal prin- ciple that public and quasi-public corpora- tons arosubjectto Governmentcontrol, ought to assume Important proportions in the Na- tlonal logisiation of next winter; and the matter certainly ought to be determined without regard to partisan divistong, becausc Itconcerns the whole people without refer- ence to polltical bias. Tho readjustment of the tariff, if seriously undertaken, will be In- fluenced rathor by sections than by parties, and, If. necomplished, will be the result of concessions. In iike manner, party strife may be readily ollminated from all subjects likely to come before the next Corgress, possibly with the exception of Congressional reapportionment, which was virtually settled, though not tormnlly fixed ‘by vote, at inst winter’s sesston. ‘The chief impetus toa new “era of good feeling” must naturally come from the Pres- ident. Tho tnfluence of the late President Garfield In that direction was confidently ex- pected, But President Arthur {!s equaily In n position to lend in such a movenient. He cannot fall to feel that tie ts under a strong obligation to carry forward the aspirations and purpose of his Mlustrious predecessor. Ile admitted as much in his brief inaugural nidréss, Hocomes into oflea ns proxy for the man whotn the peopie had elected Prest- dent and who was taken from them by the hand of an assasin, In making up his Cab- inet and in distributing offices President Garfield showed a disposition to wips out all factions and to secure personal fitness in office, Both theso purposes can be necom- pilshed at thasnme time by falrand intelligent action. President Arthur will probably fur- nish the keynote of his Administration when he shall announce tho Cabinet which ho hopes and intends to retain during his entire term, Ile has itin his power te promote or discourage tho revival of an “era of good feeling,” and to inspire in Congress and the people elther harmony and uprightness of purpose or bitter party strife, The policy which he outlines will have a decided Influ- encgover the Senate, which is to meet ao weok from next Monday in executive session, and over legislative accord or.discord at the regular session of Congress, All condittons are favorable to political peace and good will—almost a3 favorable now as it Presi-, dent Garfield had lived, because he has left his people s legacy of harmony and pa- trlotism—and {t should ‘be the ambition and alm of tho,Presidgnt to dovelop tho same “ern of good feeling * whilch Garfleld would undoubtedly have establighed had ho lived, Tne Eoumenteal Mothodtst Council re- cently in sessiun in London, bad a very lively time when it reached the temperanco queation, owing to tho radical difference in views between ) Amoricdil and Euglish Methodists, Tho Loudon correapondent of the Boston Journal says: In this country totat abstincnco prevails among Methodiate only to a limited extent. Probntly nearly atl the American delegates hnve beon asked to partuko of either, wine or beeratthe Methodist bomes where thoy are being outortained. It ia nothing uncommon hero for cvon Mothodlet ministers to drink moderately. Your correspondent has seen de- canters of wine, with wine-glagses, In one uf tho rouins of City Read Chapel frérq which a local conmitteo had just emerged, and the slaseus fooked as though they bad been recently used, Thore ure, tu be sure, temperance organizations {n operation among the Hrjtin, Wesioyans, und sume progress le belng.mude. Tho young men in the ministry wro tustly total abstainers, but many of the middfe-nged and old men still drink alittle, Inthis matter, ne your. rcaders ato aware, the Mothod{at minfstora of America aro for in advance of tholr British brethren, total abstinence ainung thom belng 4 rule to which there are fow exceptions. This diyeralty “of views and practices made it certain it thera rance-lay, and would be a Hvely time on Tempo: there was no ‘leap ointinent. Tho discussion Javed tho British side of thn house in the rather humitlating position of haying to listen to a gucd lecturing from the other side. ‘The dobato was a very long ono, and was Is- toned to by a vory largo audionee. “Tho tide of tho discussion was all against the British breth- ren, and tholr oase seomed bopelcss until a cole orod brothor fram this country arose and sald that In “Old Virginny” ho had fréquontly de- tected tho odor of liquor on the breath of Meth- odist preachors. ‘Tho tables were completely turned, and tha laugh wae against the Amorls ean tevtotallers to such an oxtent that thoir utterances curried uo furthor welght with them, . A ———_—- Tnx tolograph system has made but litle headway ju China, but ita growth in Japan bas been very rapid, It was introduced in'1873, and atthe beginning of your comprised 3,020 tollea of Ine and 0345 miles of wire. During Jast year the total numbor of telegrams reached 187278, of jch wbout i per cent were in Japanese, ‘Sndludiug the tivo submurine cablos, tho total receipts wero £108,004, aud tho expend+ itures £101,074, It was tho fret year when tha linea returned au excess of revenue, Oporatora are trained from amony the youths of Japan in Aspeclul schoo! recently wpousd for that pur- pose, During this year 277 were uppoluted to positions and acventy-sayen stil! romain undor tultion. Thoy aro taught to writo English and French. Four twonty chaructors ju the Japancee language, for a distance of sixty milcs, tho ave erage {4 ubout threo sen, or B little teas than two cents, This ts taking the ontlro line froos Tokla to Nagasaki as abasis. Wut for shorter dis- tances tho ratue aro higher, From Tokio to Yokohama mussages are transmitted: for voyen sun, or about four and oue-balf canta. Thore fre 112 offices open for genoral trattlc, besides seventy others connected with the Gavornment, the railways, or the polloo, About 050 Morse ine strumonts aro used, and twenty-nine teluphoues, a Tr {a reported to the British ‘authorities at Quetta, In Afghanistan, that four soldiers who wory taken prisoners at tho British depot at Mulwond last year have been suid into slavery by their captors. Wout the sufferlnga of thosg’ slaves aro cannot oven be imugined, because the Afghans arc brutal with respuct to al ens whorn they have tukon in battle, If they save u life tt is only from a whint that thoy may put it to proe Jonged torture, and theso four men are probably now Underyotng miserics fo which death itself would be a comparative relief, Whon Dr. Del- low entored Afghnolstan ‘twenty years ago, in connection with an Embassy to tho Ameer, ho met d man who was polated out to him asa British captivo who had been taken in tho wor of 180-44, ‘Tho man resembled a beast tnore thuna Christiun human bony. He bad almost forgotten bis own language, and the little ho had {eft of jt ho dared not speak, ao terrificd wap boof his Afgbun musters.’ Bellew gays the caso was stognlarly pathetic, and in it atone the world may gin somo itou of the fate af the four white slaves who nro now reported to be alive In the capital of Western Afahaulst Beaagsheiciveh key Tritt Associated Press Ian great institution, Te sont to the pedple uf tho West yosterday from Concord, Mass, the startiing infermatfon that “Attho exhibition of tho Midilexex Agricitt- teal Soelety Loduy Fondling won the road wagsn * event. oat tine, 2:44." On the provions day, in Now York, Mr. Frank Worth'a team, com- posed af Dick Swiveller and Edward—two of the best known horans tn the country—trotted 1 tulto in 231084, by far tho fnatest tlino over made ~ by udouboteam, The Associated Press didn’t hear anything about this performance, being presumably too busy in watehing the exhibition of tho Middlesex Agrieultural Soeiety, whero horavs ity around the cu <<< One of our exchanges rematks: © Next to the thoutros, thes pregs Is taxad: tho heaviest for charitably purposes,” Any scheme to benotit the pubic thay ure compelled to ad- vertlac grutultousty, and during tho year nn astonishingly large portion of the spicy of our: Journuls ts xivon to gratiltous srtictes ‘and hotles, in which thero is no money, and which have no public interest, but which t€ would seam mean for the paners to refuse to print. [tis quite true that great calamities Incrowse tho salto af the Journals tempurdrily, but the Ines in gene eral advertising business, on tho other hand, mikes o_ sorlous item on the wrong side of the ledger, The Now York Hera'd fuvrably res a ne iN Lr i such udvertisomunts without pays el I. Tue Board of Elucation tins: voted to none one of Ihe senuots Garield School, and the Common Councll bus christened Sophia streot with the mime of Qariicld avenue. It ts timo now that our Park Conmuisstoners tank come netion towards giving the name of tha Inte Prealdent to one of thotr parks, The con- siderations which muke such action proper and. advisable ‘have already been set forth In THe Trinuxe, What is wanted now Ja oxpadition in tho paatter. It should be done at onco unless tho Canimtsstunors cao show good reason Why It should not bo dune, 2 SS ‘Tur Chinese are an observing people... Tho lesson of tho [ttle war-ship Hussear Beating otf two Intge Kugtish vessels by reuson of her greater apeed and activity wns not lost upon tho Celestiaia, Hecontly thoy had thirteen wars ships built in England. Instead of pondorour, slow-moving suipa. lke those In the Enxlish, French, and Itallan nuyles, tha Chinese boats ‘are of but 1.300 tons cach, but baye a apeed of sixteon kuots. - A révont test nude by che En- ailsh Adintrailty hns shown thein to be only sod- ond Jn olliclency to the largest English abips. a ‘Tur disgraceful agtion of the County Com. missloncra at tha funeral of Preetdent Gurield in baving thelr carringes driven ‘nearer tho henrso than thoso of the Cnbinet ollicers cun only be explained on tho supposition that the entire crowd wasdrunk. ‘hia !s not oxnotly a rose-atrown path outof the diifloulty, but it ls the uitly one. —— en Unwess detonated to a better world by the Nihitists, the Emporor of Ruseta will pat on his chilled-stect punts and start for somewhere to- day, the oxact point for which he Is heading be- fog kepta profound ecoret, Tho job of being an Emperor js a lucrative one, but not pteas- ant. . v —— LAKESIDé MUSING}. “Never play for keeps untess you win Clncinnatt Wheat Speculutor, ‘Tho latest Ohio idea Is to como tu Chicago and go broke playing the wheat deal. Mr. Storey’s * European Buren” turned out to bo only a washstand In disquiso, ‘Tho THnes Burenn, ts not the first one sud- donly discovered to be short of “sonp.” Mayor Harrison lias made thé greatest effort of nig life, nud It wae successful, Nota twitter bas beon hoard from Liep for two whole duys. t Grave-robbers are reported to"be infesting the Loulsvilla cometories. Fortunately for Chl- ciigo'a reputation alt the County Commissionora aro at home, ‘The Mayor's great speach (to Lieb): “Dry up.” Lieb'a groat speeoh (to tho roporters): “My mouth fg sealed.” |The public's great . spetch: * Billy for Harrison.” “Kansas papors are telling about a mah tn that Stato who has two hearts. Thore is noth- ing atrango about this. Iknow «man who bad four hearts. Ho played them pat and tost $18.” ~—UCant Sthurz, It ts reported that soveral English sports- men aro coming to this country for the purpose of buying somo American colts, In the hope of keeplog tho Derby and other great ovents In Englund next year. : A forelgn dispateh snys that “ the ex-King of Nuples bas rocdived from tho Gity uf Naples half a million lire assole heir of the ostate of theQueon Marin Curistina.". It is not koown- whether Elt Perkins was iu the lot. ue Student”—Cincinnatus left the plow to take command ot the Romau army, ’ Handj’s crowd toft Cinclonat! to take command of the Chicago wheat denl. Cincinnatus died poor, . history states, The Cincinnatl mon are Hying—. poorer, Foxhall and Don Fulano, the property of Sir. J... Keene, were firat and second in, the principal event of the Newmarket meeting, Touraday. Dy some overaleht no other Ameri. can horses started, thua inadvertently giving third money to the Eeelish antinals, If face of mine this night My tudy dreuming geo, I pray that kind and bright Whit gentle thoughts it bo, ~~ May no rude look of mine Trouble iny lady's breast; ‘But dreams of me incline Mer soul to sweeter rest. Samuel Jones Tiiden, " PERSONALS, Two American Presidents hava been of Iris descont. Tho futher of Andrew Jackson and tho father of Gon, Arthur were both borg: upon the Greva Isle. ae ‘4 a King Osear of Sweden, who devotes his. leieure to literary pursuits, bas finighed a now drama called “Tho Kronvurg Castle,” which will bu published abortly laBweuish and German, Mr, Herbert Sponcer has recovered his. honith, and It {a rumored in London that tho vis! to Eaypt with which bis namo. bas boen asgoal- ated will reault in bis marriuge tolan American hoiress, whom bu ret met at Cairo, % President Garfleld wasa Trusteeand warm supporter of Williams Colloge, and it isa sore rowful fact, ds Provident Carter has remarked, - that two pistol shots bayo taken away two of Williams’ Trustocs thin sunimicr, referring to President Gartteld aug Judge Colt, OF Pittsueld, Mrs, Parris, tho widow of A. K. Parris, whu was Govoruor of Mualuo from 12 to 1827, 1s living In Washington at tho great ago of 95 yours. Her facultica aro tll keen and active, Bnd aho delights in remiaiscencces—eapccially Jitting to describe tho entertuinwment of Lafay> atte Upon bis jast visit to this country, : The Indiana Secretary of Stato recently received tho following judicial reproot from a Justice of the Peace at Fort Waynos “You are- a Ure whon you told the papor ther that I anid tho'lawa were mado for ine, Tom ajuatis andl kuow what‘ uly rights.are, You aru # ful, EF ain tho worst Demouorat in this town, aud all E want iginy rights, F hope you wont tell ay inure Hos about me,"" hes, Mr. William Armstrong, the <Attorney-, ; Qoneral of King Kalakaua, of the Hawallan + Istands, saya that the nativo ocloment of the: fatand ia dylug out, and that one objoct of the Klng’s travels throughout the world fs other peoplo to take the plave of th Neither Englishmen nor Amoricans dre ‘tooked for, because the oplulun of the King and hia: Jewal advisers fe that they are not physically. iitted to eudure the tropical climate, , z Nows has been recelyed of the death of © ‘Miss Beatricn Glichrist in Edinburg, Bho wes a daughter of the Inte Aloxander Gilchrist, of London, the biographer uf William iluke. She’ Studied medicine most thoroughly in London and Dublin, asd came to thte country for two - years in tho Philadelphia’ Sedical Bobool and ono year in the Philadelphia Woman's Hpspital, Bho then returnod to England aud weut to Berno, whre she studiod unti) her hoalth suf, furod, and she was obliged to roturn to. London for sine months’ rest, Rides bed pega ber studios agaja with Dr. Sophia Jax Hiake, ia Ediubury, when sbo diced suddenly from the elfocts of ether ipbuled while carrylog on an Buplysis ot cordensed mile, which was to be tho subject of u thesis. sho was pruparing fur bor exainination at Berne. She bud shown rare en- thusiasm aud love for hor profosalon, und thore Gughncad in ite vtudy. Against the drawbauks siiil bemuing lo u woman's path to bigber etfors abe hud studied porsistently for wiilied ain,