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TUESDAY, JULY Nusiness was entirely suspended yester- day. ‘Lhe Natlontil hotliay and the National euainity entirely nbsorhed the attention of tho men who usually oparate in stocks, graln, and provisions, and there ts nothing to report in f these departments, Iv was annotineed In the British House of Commons yesterday that the Parliamentary Outta bff, the effect of the passage of whtent would be ty enable Bradiaugh and persons of his way of thlaktiug ty ativan instead of inaking oath as a prelhuinary to taldiag thelr seats, Wit not be pressed thts sesstan, owl to the great amount of more tmportint bital- ness whieh remains to be, transteted before adjourament.- Tha Corrupt Practices at Etdcttons bil, the BIL amending the Ballot act and the Irish County Government bill have also been nbandowed for this session. Norwirnsranpina that the English weather for sume time past fins been unl terruptedly titte, tho effeet of tho unfavorable weather of early suminer and spring on the Engifsh erops has vot been conmensated for. Tho Mark Lane Exprens reports that wheat Js Chin on the gromd and stiinted in grossih; the ont crop fs bad, and appears to be worses barley fs healthy, only on good and, and is. variable elsewhere, In eongequanee of the prospeetivg'searelty thare has been a de- elded adynnee all kinds ‘of small rain th tho Lonton and Rnglish provinelal markets, Finetvonxs and-rusty plitols and revolvers were used toa much less extent yesterday: than on any Fourth for a munber of years. Yet there were quite a large namber of thougtitless boys and grown-up idiots who indulged, In the tinehonered though foolish practier, as the. Mat of maiming and dfsflgurements fn another page foes to show. There Wag one fatal ease tn this elty, caused by a full-erown Udit named Marth, who shot off a tonded revolyer while he him sel{ was overlondod with beer and whisky. The viet wag Ja litle tyearald etel, Martin las surrondered to the authorities, Serene Art this writing, 1 ofelock, the conttition of tho President is rathor more favorably than it has “been “at any tine for tha lust twenty-four hours, He Is sleeping aulet- ly, the pulse has declined slightly, and the physicians seem to be much M more hopeful. » Gartiolt continues with tho President, and her confidence tn his ultt- minte recovery is not withunt its good eifect ol her beloved husband, Ils condition fs erltical, hawevar, but through God's merey ho may live to serve the people whose affec: tion fur him lins bean so uninistakably man- ifestedsineo Saturday mornin; Ir Vice-Prestdent Arthur, should he une fortunntely become Prestdont, will net in accordance with. the scutlments expressed and the principles enuelated by him yes terday, and for him by his friend, Senator Jones, of Nevada, matters will not be so bail agit is now feaved they my be, He expresses his sorrow for’ the Nadon’s misfortnne tn Jnngiinge which bears the atampof stucerity, and says that he will eonsult the wisnes of tho best en of tho Republican party, Ine cluding the members of the present Cabinet, with lumediately call an oxtrn session of the Senate, and wilt as fur ag in his power tes conform to the feulings of the Nation, and so ag tu condues to the. best Interests of the people, Ills sentiments at denst do -him honor, INDEPED Day was observed as a hollday throughout the Nation yesterday, but there were no rejolclngs, no joyous cele bratlons, no merryialkhigs, ‘The Natlon's Chicf was stricken, was lying at denth's door, and hfs people wore filled with sorrow and ansiety, The Ddulletin boards in all the eltles: werd surrounded by throngs “cuger to hear the latest fram Washington, and hoping and praylng that the next bulletin would by favorable, ‘The speakers. at tha Yow gatherings that wer held contented themselves with fecling references to the Nu- tlon’s calamity and to tho suferings of the Great man who was yesterday first dn tlio hearts of his countrymen, In many of tho eburehes prayers were offered up to the ‘Throne of Meyoy for the revavery of the President and the preservation of the coun- try. And the day eutld not have been more appropriately’ culetrated than in this way, . Tim demaud for retallatory duties, aecord- «ing to the’ iatest London. dispateh, grows stronger In Bugland, Both employers and workmen call. for them, ‘The Yorles, who aro at 0 Joss for a popular eleotion ery, are djsposed to ralyg, this one, wile the Tele graph, which Invariably tries to be on the winning side, has joined ln the clamor, ‘This display of discontent $s partly'genulue, but mueh of I fs loubtiess desfgned te bring the Freneh to terme. Argument and enjolery having falted, the British traders have deter- mlned to frighten, tha French Government Into concessions. While the ‘Torles ara anxtous to benetit by the new cry of “ recl- procity ? on the purt of the manufacturers, they ure puzzled how to deal with (he farmers? demund for a tax on breadstaits and meats, ‘The furmers are nearly all Tories, but uy tax on American Wheat, uur, cor, aud meat THE -CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TURSDAY, JULY 1881—TWELVE PAGES. would make food dear, and this the masses of townspeople aml mechanics would not submit ta Mow to run with the fox and Ante with the hounds is the qnestion traube Hing the ‘Tory frenst. Lyatasn, a nosy Radical of Purls, lias been offended hy Patt de Cassagnne, the cel- obrated Frenet Journalist and tire-eater, and wants satisfaction, He hns ehatlenged Cas- snanae to fight with swords, and stipn- Jates that tho fighting, shall continue until tha death of ong of tho combatants; also that «thd vietor shill be - at [iherts to lspoxo of Ue vietin’s body ns hie dteoms fit. Cassanae las not yet replied lo this blonidthiraly challenge. 1b would be tn the Interest of morality, order, tnd public pened If Ltilller was tnmnreit 1 sume bulld- Ing where he could not indulge In his brutal prineipled, nutlt fs not tu the credit of the Freneh authorities tint such a social repro- bate ns Paul Cassignae ts permfttted to insult people and afterwards ninrter them, eeeterneneninenenanememesin Asotin foul murder, the third within the last week, aml the second In whieh at \noffending woman has fallen sv victim to the murderous fury of n drunken, bestial fitsbanl, was committed inthis elty yestor- day morning,” ‘Che vietim on this Inst ae. vasion was oa voor woman who by Dard toll, patient Industry, and much selfatental sustained herself cand family, and the brutal rufian, James Cunningham, who yesterday morning put an end to her eststenes with a buteher-lnife. ‘Nhe mur. durer has confessed to lis erline, bit, 99 tit tl tisneh eases, tries to uxertse Minself on the grounds that he was uitder the tnllucnes of Hanon, and that he was provoked by his, victhu, whos lie alsé chars with infidelity, Such ave tha exeuses — ttsiintly put forward by. men of hls class under stutlay elreumstanees, © It ig to be hoped that the State’s Attorney will soon give nn tnipartial fury an opportumiy to pags tipon these exetses, and that eppor- tunity shall be granted, despite the tricks, sehemes, aid dilatory taetles of erliuainal Inwyers, aid that the other fend, Deutler, who shot hts wife lust Sunday, should be ogiven on sluilar opportunity as soon as the Chicago Pollee ~~ Depart- ment docs its duty and places Thin fw the County dal. ‘Theres shankt be ne delay tn these eases, Chicago lias seen too inch of the reign of blood. Mad Justice, switt and oventanded, been meted out to Hinman brutes uf the type of Cunningham and, DHeutler ere thts that relgn might net have been so extended. dl er Do wird he may, justly or unjustly, Mr Conkling will never eyeape $n popular opine fon amoral responsibility for the nssasina- tion of Prestdeitt Gariatd. In the first pinec, people will take the grand that, find It not Deen for Contling’s Insulting detianee of the sident mit his hiyerious lain of su- perldrity, this assusination would never have taken’ plies, and so-entled “Stalwartism would not have resnited in mntrder, While No mat nity say that Contdling desired the removal of (ho Prestdent, many will infer fi. The murder of ‘Thomas a Becket will revive tho story of how that assasina- tlun wag suggested. Becket was Archbtshop of Canterbury, stil at variance with Henry IL, King of England. Kulght in hts Iistory of England says: * Thera 1s no evidenee that fancy eave his sanction to assasination, but It ts clear ‘that tu bla passion lie exetalined: “fs there no one to deliver me from this tur- bulent priest?) Whereupon four stalwart kulghis proceeded to Canterbury and mut dered Becket on the altar wliete he was ofll- cinting.” 1b is poxsibje thut . persons may Inagine tint tn lls batted rage the “Primate” was have exelalmeds: “Ia there no man to Telleve nite fram this matt ot Ohto 2 Recket wars ennonized as finurtyr, aud the man on whom fell the Gdium ‘of the niutder vatuly sought to protect Himself by the niost abject humillations, Shout popular feeling take tho form of holding the faction nt Albany responsible, even Indirectly, for this murder, It WH unquestionably be uidust anid wnwar ranted, but that will not change the public hud until long after the parties conedened sitall hive missed away, = oe Expressions of sympathy with tho Prebl- dent and lis family and with the Nation at larga continie to be received by Sveretary Blaine from all parts of the wortd,—from Great UrHaln, France; Germany, Lretand, Austria, dapan, 1 Bulgaria, ete, and from every elty, town, nid selool district In this broad land. The leading foreign Journats are cloquent in culogy of our beloved Presi dent, nud in axeeration of the foul crime, ‘The Patt Mall’ Gazette, which represents that section of » Englishmen who havo most syinpathy with the United States, and whieh hag most adinivatlon for ony Institutions, pays tint “the indignation, whieh Is univers sal wherever the English tongue is spoken, and the eager Interest and - sympathy fre att Intensitied by the feultng that the latest victim of the nssasin is separated by no wide gulf of rank,or caste front the peo- ple over whom hurued.? The same Jourat contlenms In unmeasured terms ‘the Invec- {ves of the Conklingilo organs, which are, 1b says, In sume degree -responsible for thu erlme, In that Uhey neted on a disordered lunglintion. Must of the foreign Journals wuite in holding the spoils system lirgely re- sponsllly fot the erlue, aud predtet at least one good result,—the end of that corruptlng anid crimt-breudtag system. ‘The President, Mrs, Garteld, and tho Cablnet ofleers ‘ara pirtleularly ‘gratitendt ut the expressions of sympathy which have amannated from all classes tu tha South, 4 THE SPOILS-SYSTEM MURDER, Tho muyder of President Garield ig an extreme but aatiival resale of this onlec- griusplng system of Amortean polities, | It has cursed the country with otielil-dishon- esty, ofelad Jgnvranes asd Incomputenve; has weakened oftlchl morality; has made olttefal pronation a mutter of corse Lustend of an exceptional crime; and now to the hore. rot of elyilization It has niutdered the repre: sentative head of the ‘Nadon, ‘The spoils system, Including the modern verston that offices were created for the benellt of tho In- enmbents, has wrought Innumerable evils In tte hind, and has at Inst cyowned Hts Ine fanny by the nasasinauion of the Preatdent, Tnall parts of Europe, tha wssasination of the Preatdent fs promptly recognized as the natural consequence of olferluz 09,000 Nae tonal ollees us prizes for pollyical corruption anid contentlon every four yours, ‘The spolls systuny demande that these of+ fetal prizes shantd be given by the Prost- dont to the grout basses, to be by then dts tributed among the personal retainers of the Satrays as rewards for personal efforts ta dee bauch, degrade, and corrayt suitrage, and erush aut every sentiment of politloat moral: ity. . Mr. Garileld, during Wy long serylees tn Congregs, lid witnessed with pula ant dis Rist Uo growth of tho spoils mania and Its demoralizius effects upon: the country, It Iau become go abhorent that he refried from Any share of the patronage whieh une dev the iniquitous system ho mileht have clahued, Tle had unavallingly suatatned every effort ty currect the abuses and arrest the ovil whieh it was working throug tho hud. When ho was noulnated for Presi dent ho said fv bts letter of neveptanee: The Conyentton whely demanded that Cons wresa shall cudperaty with the Bxcontive Depurt- -New, ments tn placing the Civil Bervico on n better basis, Experteney hag proved that with our fre- quont ohungesof Administration no aystein of reforin edi he mide effective und permanent withone the nid of feeldlition, Appolntments to tha millinty cited naval cotvive sro Be regulated by hiv and ctistdny as to leave but tlle ground for vomplntit. Tt amy tint be wise to make sinilltr cevulations ty law for tho Civil Service. Tut, without Invitiig tho nithority or ndeuds airy eeiniine of the Uxecntive, Congress should devise nt meth that wilt determine the tontre of oftice, nid greatly rediiee tho uncer- tainty whitel makes that Sorvion Bo MWnsntistics ory. | Without depriving any ofleer of his thts As 2 oltizon, (ho Gavernment should require hint to discharge nll hia oftictal Natio, with Intelli- konce, ellicteneys and faithfulness, | Th fils Inaugural address, ho doctared to fis countrymen s {i Servlen can nover 1d placed on n sate iefuetory hase whet it le rewulated by law. For the rol of the sorvica Itself, for the protection of those whordry iitriptad with thé appointiiie power arultieé-the waate of time atid. the o> atenetton tot public business ctiteed ly nord Nate preastire Cor place, and for the protection of Mneumbenta terial intrlaue and wrong, Tshall at the proper tlie ask Coneess to tx the tenure of ininer ollices of the guvers) Hxecutive De. partinents mid preseriia the grounds tipon whieh removals shit be mate during tho terms for which the incumbonts have been appointed. Distinctly snnonnaliy that tthe adminis: tration of fils duttes he should remember that 'oftees were not created for the bonellt of the Inenmbents, he entered upon his ofles four months ago; during there four months he has been fh constant stragela wilh the spolls iunters and resolutely miiitaining his duty to do whnthe could to destroy that system, he ts now lying in a erttleat conditlon, between Ite. and death, from the shot ofa spolls-accking as- sasin, ‘I's assasin, in lis letters written be- fote the crime, and in all: his declarations mate sinee, declnres that President Garileld stood in tho wiy of the friends of the spolls aystent, withholding. from theut and, thelr followers the rightfal plunder of partisan victory, and that ho shot the President to ree move hin, and deliver the Government over to Arthur, and Conkling, and the spoils-brok- ers and commission men, When tha Constitution was framed the whole Unto had fess population than the State of Pennsylvania has at present; the ofices wers few, ond the’ salaries sinnll, Froin a Nation of 4,000,000 we have grown ta 52,000,000, From n few. seatterad cities and populated districts nlong the Atlontie const, our pedple, ont commerce, ont farnis, and workshops are now extended from ocean to veeat, and from the Canadian Mne to Moxtco, From a fow hundred appointments, tho Fed- eral civil oMces now number 90,000, Hardly has one Administration been fairly tnstalled {n ofiice ait inaite Its removals ait appoint: ments before the work of plotting for the change of that Admluistration with o view of dismissing the whole Clvil-gervice force and appotiting nnother is begin, Ab teast one-tenth of the whole voting powulation of the United States Is thus kept ins constant state of expectant excilement, the fow to keep tu ofllee, while the million of outs are demanding « change that thay may get in ‘The groater part of the tne of the President anid of tis Crbinet sinca thelr Innuguration in Moreh Inst has been oceupled with hear- ing Iniportunate applications for oflee. ‘The Senate was arcested in its buslness for more thant month by the demant of a sinall faction of Senators, the organs of the spolls system elaiiniug that tha right of the Presl- dent to sulect oficers was subject to the previous approval of the Senators from ench State, and, in defense of that uneonstitu- tlonal.claim, two of these Senators appenled to the Leglsintura of New York, Before that body all tho adyoentes of the spolls sys- tem haye presented: themselves, demanding that the Presllent be rebuked and defied for his manly efforts to remove abuses, to thrust erlintnals ont of office, and ofeynte ‘tho Civil Servied, fy AdisappolntedoMes secker, who, ‘dream. Sinz that if the New York faelloi was In”! power he wight obtain place, nutrdais tho, Prestdent that Arthur may takg his place and seatter “Clyit-Servies reform” \to - the winils. 4 i When Congress meets {ts first duty will be to qrush out the spoils system, aud by ‘law carry out Garficld’s measure of a tenure of, office fur all minor offices, The nan in Con” Bress who opposes sneha Inw should be ranked with the thieves, robbers, and assasing of the spalls party, en THE WORLD'S SYMPATHY, The high placa which the President holds in the world’s esteem ts shown -by the re. mtrkablo expressions of sympathy and cons dolenice and the generous words of admiri- ton for his’ character which como. from every part of the Ohl World ug well as thi ‘There is not a nation which hing spoken yet which could lave sald more had {ts own ruler been stricken down by ait ns- sasin, It!s peculiarly gratifying that Great Britain nnd her colonies take the lead tn hearty and syinpathetio expresston, and ex- tend a fraternal hand in this hour of the National gloom. ‘These expressions linve coine not atone from the Government, Init. fromthe people through thelr orguus, the press, art they haye that: clear, outspoken fone of sincerity which ndinits of no question, nnd fs conveyed In that msmmner which char- feterlzes the sympathy of ono friend with another, ‘Lhe London News gives expres- slon to its feelings by placi tts edtinins Ip inournisg, “he London Post says; “Wo venture to aiy that not only in England, but wherever the English hungudge ts spoken, thosnd things havefalion with all theforeeat Ralomesticealanity.” ‘Pho London Leteqgriphe eloquently Raya: * .. Wo sympa with tha Aimerloan Nation from the Attunde to the Pioliic, who, but for the marey of Providence, inteht at thik moment Mourn heside tha denthbed of thelr gluctud chlet. We are brethren in heritage uf freudom und Fons ind as brothers wo offer thai thy cons art of brotherly fave. Tho bannera tho! 010 bet Huttoriag of the Fourth of duly witl droop from thett poles taduy, or tio untirlol. Wane uve ca be Bald chin that tho Writtle nation, ‘clasping brother's band, bids Amusten bo af fol edeer and good hope? Mennwhile dusire fri with duty to hope and pray that Gardeld’s Nuatrions Hig inuy be spared to hie country und, tho world, * 4 ‘tha London Standard says; “ Tndignn- thon, sympathy, and amotions of hope. and fear live been as strong and vivid here ws in Amoricn, nud, when the hewa was recelved that President Garflett was butter, the feal- Sng of thankfitiess was ag hearty and sin cero an It was universal, from the Queen down lo her hutiblest subject.’ Tho Lon: don Wines is, equally’ guispoken fi its Goh- demnstion of the horrible deud, which, It says, “will create throughout the ebvilized World a wntyorsil feeling of indignation and horror,” ‘Yho “Queen and membors of tha, Royal fully have sent through Minister Lowell thelr personal sympathy to My, and Mrs, Garfleld, [ny the ehurehes It was te theme of comment, and iy somo of then resolutions of ‘sympathy were passed by the vougregations, eek » In Germany, 8 nation of kindrad blood, tho footing Ix burly less Intense, ‘fhe Eniperor , aid Irines Bismarck, In bulalf of tho great Fatherlaud, hive forwarded thelr coidlo- lonces, A Herlin correspondent saya: "Pho general ausicty touchingly expresses Core wany's sollvituile foy tha recovery of. Prest- ‘dent Gareld, whose honar and lategelty ave extolled, Many repalred to the: Ameriean chapel to offer prayers for the Preailent’s welfare, nil the press fs outspoken in the indignation which tha German people feet gt the horribly deed." ‘Cher agéd Emperor William was deoply affected With grief when ho reeelved the news, guid the people every- where In Gernany have given expression to thelrserrow, In the Republic of Franey the pubhe press are not so oulspuken, but thoy vigorously condemn the decd of the aesasin, In Austrly and Italy sluilar expressions of aympathy have been offered, showing that there 1s untversnt sorrow in Enrope over our National ealumtty, Such expressions ag these, while they may he powerless to change the deerees of fate, and while they ean bring bul Mttle solace to the erlefxtricken family of tha President, will nevertheless be aecepted by the Aimorl can people Ln the xpiritin which they aresent, ane Will bo regarded ag proofs of a strove And aineere attashment for ont country abroad. Coming at seh a tlie and in such a hearts miinneg, nevompniiod by every posal blomanitestution of thaty truth, the Amoriean people will accept tham with .surrowtul but profound gratltiete, and will bo Justified tn argilng from “them that the — Anert- cally Kepublle ds helt in tho high- est estimation among = Enropean nas tlons, nnd that thoy arm unsious for {ts prosperity and porpetulty. ‘There 4s attother tesson, ‘of trementous consequence in the fitture, and of vital fufluence upon the existence of this Republic, which tha Atert- ean people ought to recognize and profit by, which some of the morelafluentiat uropean papers express with extreme earnestiass, Lt is perhaps uttered most strongly tn the fol- fowlug: words from the Londen Telegraph: “Toguiry will probably show thatthe erline was the individual net of an anilsciptined vagabond driven to homelilal manta by a combination of uncontrollable greed of oftes and despatr of gain, Amerter tilt sind that this Cancer of plicehiuntlng murat be ent out or dt will cat away the healthy Ufeos the body polttte.” ‘The London Standard volces the saine suntiment in the following words: “We doubt If its fulllo candtda- ture fora Consniship is enongh to explatn tho dept, “ 1f the nssnsin:was the agent of any political conspiracy thorg ts little dim. eulty in conjecturing what the objects vf the conspitucy.are.: With Garfield ott of the way, not inueh more, perliays, {3 likely to be heard of Civil-Seryles reformor correction of the host of official nbuses.” ‘This sentiment is tlso expressed In somo of the Frenel and Gernian papors, showing that they wnier- stand the very keynote of the present situn- tion even more vividly perhaps than we do liere, ns they aro contemplating 6 without prejudice, ‘The France, commenting on the dastardly assuaination, remarks: “It is an act gf crim: innl folly, ‘Tho victim is doubly to be pitied, for, slice ie nesnmed power, no ona had more «esorved the affection, respect, and sympathy of all hts fellow-cltizons than Mr. Garfield, May tits ever be a losson to certain American politicians, and may thay show. a more disinterested and greater love of their country henceforward In the conduct, of the Internal affalrs of the Unto, [t ts, Indeed, afesson which should come home to the Aincrican peopte at this terrible time with grenter forces than ever before, Qulteau was tho Instrument; the spoils system wus the ease, Had this infamous system not bean fssetted by the Conkling-Arliur faction as 2 policy, the President would not have been shol, ‘That is the question, and the only one, which the American peopte should take fn hand and settle forever, if there Is any way of doing It. 1fthare Is no way, then there is fittte hone fora government by the people. EYFEOT OF THE. ARSASINATION ON BusI- 7 , . “The tenting centres of financial and com- nierelal aetivity ta the United States decided last week to close Saturdfy ag well -as Mon; day for the Natlonal eclebration, Mence the husiness world has been inn state of holiday repose ever siice the President of the United States reeeived what may prove to be Ils mortal wound, One does not yet know, therefore, how tha finaneint pulse of the Nation uiny: be atteote by ‘the foul deed, ‘That a vlulent throb of that pulst ty possible cannuet be doubted; some may be fnellued to regard it. as nut dnly probable but certain. 'Phdsé wlio’ reimeiffeer the feverish exelte- miunt whleli set in of the commercial world afler the assasinntion of Lincoli may well be pardoived If they linve grave fenrs for the result In the present ease, however fervently thoy tay hope It will be averted,” ‘The olectton of President Garfield was the signal for renewed confidence In the porma- noney of our business alfalrs, It was ae- eoptit ns a guarantee that our, Nattonal ereditshould not be tmpnired, at least for four years longer, by the heaping up of ad- aivonal debt oF foolish tinkering with that alrendy existing, That confidence, aided by n succession of xood erups, led to the uctivity which mate It possivle to refund a large part of our debt at a rate of Interest unpreeedant- edly low tn this country. ‘This net af tle now Admilulstration may possibly prove tobe our strongest ‘safeguard ngalnst finapelal didaster now, ng it removes all reasonable fear of the soundness of oii currency when jiidged by the spucte standard of the elytized work! Dut thore fy still. a weak point, In tha situation which portends wldesprend lsuster, In case of n rude shake to our sys- tem of dolitg busluess. It is generally ad- niltted that the unusital plenitude of money lias led to ite huvestinent in hundreds of new elannels, and to n genernt bidding up.of prices fo w point where ordinary Interest at pir no longer pays a falr profit on the Invest nent, Many anillions of dollars are under stocks whith nra renrded ag unsite at the price, aut only cantinue to bo held by tho lnveators because they da not see what olse thoy could do with thelr money, ‘Che acene renes of any event which would enuse any. considerable number of thesy people to ro- anil tho money ng- more desirable’ than the “propurty” must Inevitubly be followed by sich a vigerons selling rush as to wmount to at least temporary : pantie, under whieh prices wouldtrapldly drop. Of course, the balloon stucks” wouttl sutter eartlest sit most heavily; butother property. Would also suffer, ‘as the rush upon a rotten bauk often tuvelvea the closing of institu tlona entitted to be eonsidered sound ‘under ordinivy elremnstanees. Losses in stocks generally fuply a veant of monuy, whieh aitht Lo abtalned by the sueriiico of other property, ‘This ments tower prices for prac: tee, and oven real estate in tho Jong rin, though tho Inst fs the slowest to fdol snaltn Movement, us It is usually tho most tardy in recovery, ‘Thousatits of.parties in business, who have Iivested thelr surplug, capital In speculative holdings niay be tempted to mar. ghinpout of thot bushress engiitel In the hopo of avertlug loga froin n deetlue which they think.3 ouly-igmporary, Dhe result’ is wn hupalrment of tho bustiess enpital to 9 polnt whore It fs no Jonger equal to the re dukamentsof the aeudsions aud thon another rowof brloks tumbles us a consequence of tho flvat version, ‘Chis fs the natural hist. ry of punta where. there Is no doubt about tho sutmdne’s of Une elreulnting medium, ; When such t doubt oxivts the’ process Is 1 {Muhs more complicated, thoughout jiecessa- my nore Uisnstroiia, 3 ~ Wheihor ov uot our. present Nationat eatumity be in ovent the accutrenes of which wil) set Was tenln of wheelswork In motion sone ean telly Teli $n it the Glenents of finnnelal as -well.as wolliieal disaster, No one who from the sound business standpoint “favoritism ta cone is Injustice to wll othors "lus watched the course of the New York gumbllng “gank for several years past, “can help ‘shuddering. at the idea of thelr holding the reus of power for nearly four years.’ The corruption that hus nade thelr party management a steneh in the nostrils of all wen wha want to sev busi ness conducted honestly and fairly may well exelte the gravest apprehensions tor the out- come of the present deplorable situation, {lunidreds of thousnuds of people all over tho United States will wate Uho aspect of AlTatrs with the most fitenso solfcltide, enel louking for tho first indications of the way tn which the business situation will bo ra- sitet by tho rest. ‘lho operations on tho Buurda where stocks tnd prodtide are bought ud sold will be watched to-tay, and perhaps for sovernt days, with an niixtety which tina knows not paraltol, for nearly olght years pret: ‘Tho Interest exhibited tn the course of pricéa will ho senteely Inforlor to that with which the pubite fins watched for ais front the alok-bedt fn Wastitigton white tholifeoat our Prostdent has heen trembling in the batanes between fifeand death, Lot us hope for the best, ———— THE OLA8S ‘TO WHICH GUITEAU DE- LONGS, : NGS, Tho horrible crime perpetrated by tho Wreteh Guiteau ts the drect outgrowth of one-phnse of aur. system of civilization, In canvassing this‘crline,.the people of this countey ant of the world In’ general are td tounded and disgusted ot what sucms to be an utterly {nadequate motive, Even it Ciuttear wanted ta ofter, IE was nota suf ficont mottye for lishorrtble deed. Térovents adopth of tinmat depravity whieh it was heb supposed could exist ahd whitelt people have never before suspected to bo among the possibilities, Itis seen now that Gulteau fs not the only Individual of his kind In the United States, Unhappily he belongs to a large class of sim- Har wretches, nut there are plenty of thom In thiscountry, ‘There nro two divistons. i thiseinss, ‘Ihe one Is. composed of buily- tressed and badly educated men, of tha Inz- aarout tleseription, whom we alt “tramps,” or yagrants, and tlio make. thelr Mving by betty theft and impudent bogenry, and who will not work, ‘Pho better educated and better creased vagrants, we enll “dead- beats.” Netther wil! thoy work for thetrbread, ‘There are thousands of thom in the United States, hanging upon tha’ skirts of politteat artes, and ‘sometimes hovering about taw ehumbers and counting-rooms, who eat but will not work, aud who think that they have n right to ive upon the, community or bo foisted upon the Government, ‘Lhe ordinary tramp only levies upon the kitehen for food und the barn fur shelter, but these wretches of the Guiteau sort attentpt to Ive on the Govermment withont worl, and others prey upon iterchants and tndustrious men for thelr existence, and thelr hearts are full of hellish fury whenever they nre not allowed to have office of aré kleked out of decent people's anciety. ‘They have not the nerve to niurder the Exeeutive or those who refuse tu bo bled by them, but they havo the desire fo do it, and would execute it If they thought they could do so with impunity, ‘This is the great trouble fn onr social and political aystum—nainely: the presence of. crowds of Inzy. tmnprinelpled, reekless,* swaggering vagabonds Who will not work, ant! {¢ 1s this eluss from which such infamous wretches as Guileau ard reeruited, He does not stand alone, butts the represontatlye of alarge class, and some day—tho. sooner the bettéer—society and. the Government will be eompellut to rise and drive.them out of. the community, elther into poor-houses or pent- tontinyies, or some other locality where they will be compelled toenrn thelr bread by the swont of thelr brows, There ts no reason why society-should support tuo Inzy loafers, or why it should oven tolerate thelr presence ‘There his uever been, nny good reason why uitean should not. have been locked up ast vagrant or public nnigande nilt pest lung ngu. Iftt had heen dune, the President’s Nfe might have been spa hin : —— ee . ARTHUR, } If tho: President ehontd die—which God grant that ho tay notl—n tremendous re- sponsibility would devolve upon Mr. Arthur, Ju the presences of a probable emergency of the most serluns churneter, §¢ is best to be quite cool, and, above.all, tobe very frank, President Gariletd Is great intellectually and morally, Whatever he Incked of the confidence of the country upon his recession to the Presidency he has gained with tho four nidiths of his Advittitstration. “No Prestdent of nil tha long ne ever stood higher in the respect ‘and aifédtions of the people than dames A. Gartleld did at the moment of his fall by the hand of tho asgasin Guitean. Chester aA, Arthurs great neither Lutelleetually nor moruly;—that is te say, so far ng the pubjio is informed’ is nomlition was a makeshift; almost an ac- eldent. ” His mame, added nothing to the strength of the ticket, uniess, indeed, tt ge- curcd for it «© more hearty support of the “maching” tn the State of New York, But SE Utis be atnet itonly renders Mr. Arthur Jess fit to discharge the dutitg of the Prest- dency to the satisfaction of the country, His vecession to tho high oftee, If it shall untort- unatoly ocour, will bu regarded generally with alorny, and by 9 vory Inrge boiy of citl- zens, certalnly a majority, it will bo looked upoit as ait widonbted edlantlty, President Garfield’ Is known to be opposed to the Inachine spolls system of polltles and all its disreputablamethods, Ue had already taken decided ‘steps in tho dlreetion of rad- feat. reform, and wos ready te, pro- cecd In that course to tho end. With this polley’ the “country was and {3° herrfily, enthusiastically in ac- cord, ‘Thera Is dwidespread fouling of dts. | gust with low, tricky, disreputable pulltics, ‘There fs an overwholining demand for mare noble ilingon the parcol pollticnns, for purer ahuinistration, and, aboveall, thors fs abrond napitit of Insistande {hat tho spolls theory shall te eltitnated front partisan contests, President Gariluld stands for thls high {deal of tho Amerlean people, Io embodies It Ho has made It thoeltadel of hls Adiuinis- tration; he has perlinps glyen his Ife for It Ne hs fatloa a yletin to his resolution to purge polities of its ahaine and disgrace, If his Ite, which‘ now trembles ‘in the balance, beconics the ferfelt ‘of his devotion ta av Brent principle, the -principla will ba strengthened, not weakened, by the consplenons ‘and ural saerifice, “That tha htoodl of the wmariyrs ia thu seed of tho Chueh Is as true to-lay as tt was in Ue tine of the Roman Inquisition. ‘Tha great, good man may dle, but tha jylnelpte will net only not die, 1b will tower far above and dwart the, Sane of bin who dares antagontae It, Viverrestlont Arthur. ts presumed to be opposml to this great principle, fo Is iden ted with opposition to'lt by hls entire pollt- ieal earaer, Ho bas recently eserted all the lutienes in his power agalust it avntl fe is for these veasons that Alt. Arthur wil! enter upon the duties of the Presidential attice, it atiill, nob only without tha confidences of the country, but ainkd regretful exclamutions al- nant of despaly, : Mr, Conkling fs reported ag haying Bald to Mr Arthur, on the eve of hts departure for Washington, “You have pothing tu feare? On the contrary, My, Archuy bas averything to fear that man holds deurest; yot for hls Hee; but foy lity loner and. good name, In the event of his accesujon to tho Presidency two whilely diverging courses will be open to hin, © Ho muy fallow tha’ polley oit- Mnod and entered into by his illustrious. predecessor, or ho may tum his back upon jt sharply and -fotlow, Conkilng, ‘Thesa two wien represent the autipodes of American politica, On the question of, wachiue-polities ax opposed toareform of the Civil Servieen, Mr. Cobiding made an Assun with Prealiont Carfield. For tho oll apolls system Conkling stood like w rock, nnd tho President restated with tudomltanle resolution, Conkling wns defeated. Ie ap: peated to tha Assembly of New York and to tha people of the United States, with what yesttils Mr, Arthur knows nnd the country knows. ‘Tho country condemned Conkling at once; ita rebuke was sharp antl. cot. elusive. ‘Cha Assembly of Now Vork, 9 body choson tn the tntorest. of Conkling, te- Tusedt to tudaras his course, moved thereto by tie indignant voice of its constituency’ WIM Me. Arthur follow Couliing? Wil he aluvate to the guiding place In hisCablnet the one man ofall others fn the United Stiles to the completeness of whose politlen! con. tlemmmation no clement of public dlssatisfac- toh fs wanting? Is thls the way to allay the irritation of the country, plunged in grief an almost: tratisported with rage nt an ict of atrocity which has deprived the Nation of {ts loved and honored Chief? Conkling's fame has fallen to zoro, and fallen Inn con- teat with Prestdent Garitetd. Would it bo wise in President Gartield’s successor to sv- leet as his Premfor tha man who of all others most bitterly hated htm, and on account of that animosity utterly lost the confidence of the country? ‘The Nrst act of Mr. Arthur, In the avent of is elevation to the Presidency, witl be one of supreme Importance both to himself and to the finmedinte Interests'of the Nation, + It will enlighten the country as toe whethor he ia grenter nud better than tho promise of his pastenreer. If the greatness of the emer- gency appeals to his higher’ instinets and convictions; t€*he Is able te comprehend the Wish nnd purpose of the people; if he hasthe manhoud to resolvo nnd the moral courage ta execute -n highty conceived purpose, he will rise quickly on Garilotd's wave of fanie by heartily adopting and making Garfield's pol- fey hisown. ‘Chis he may do by asking. in good falth, Garfield's Cabinet to become his constitutional advisers. Lf the country ts to be plunged In the depths of gloomy despond- eney by Garfleld’s death, It may-bo tfted at ones Inte tho bright suniight of hops and new courage by the expressed desire of Mr. Arthur, ag his successor, to wear the grent man’s mantle. ee PUNISHING PRESIDENT-MURDERERS. ‘The sunetity of .taw, so untversuily recognized’ by tho American people las been considered all the protection neeu- ed tor tho person of the President of the United States, No Preslient has ever felt called upon to seek armed or military pro- teetlon for his person. ‘Lhe President’s bus- {ness office has always been open to the pub- lic; the President hns always received visit- ors, most of thom strangers, singly, in groups, aut in patrs. No protection beyond the ordinary doorkeeper and the messenger who carried the cards hs over bean deemed hecessary, =, The Prestdents from Washbigton down to the present tlne have walked the streets or rhiden In earringes or ltursaback, appeared In public places, and never have been ate tended by any gunrds for-thelr personal pro- tection. ,Even during tha War, when Wash- ington City was swarming with spies ond traltors, Mr, Lincoln appeared fn public un- attended by any military guard, the unbroken respect for the oftica was vio- luted, Murders of two porsons ‘holding the oftice of President have nuw taken place. ‘The law provides no grenter puilshment for tho inan who murders, or assanita and fails io kill, the head of tha Natlon tian it dues for tho: killing or assault of any. private tne dividual, ‘Tho law makes no difference In the penutty for an act of violence agaist the Person of the Presklent and that provide for i Mke offense against any tnoillelal per- son. In this we cousider the Iaw falls. stiort of what it oughtto be, The President of the Uni- ted States Is for tho tne buing something of More concern to tho Republic than. any ordl- nary citizen, [ey represents, whllé Presttent, the whole people,—the Nation. An net of yio- Jence against: hls person 1s an insult to the ‘eountry he represents, Ile ls the chosen rider of tho whole people, clothed by them with thelr authority, and lo treat hf with Insult or violence fs to insult hin oflicially and as tho. representative of tho people. ‘Fhe murder of the person holding the office of President is an act of violence against the Government of tho United States, It may. change the whole character and polloy of the country, It may result In comoving from office a Prestitent of tho people's choles and de- livering the Government td snother, It may result even In the destruction of the Govern- ment, TWico has the hand. of murder stridkin dowt t President. In cago Mr. Garheld shall reeoyer, his cowtrdly agsallatit can only be punished far an assault with latent to kill, and be conflned a few yenrs in the Penttentinry. ‘This Is paltry punishment, Does any person think the erie of Booth Was anything less than an net of. trenson ? Practically tho erlme of Guitenit. ts just as great. In both cases the offunse wits notonly ngutust the person, but aluo ngalnst the Gove ernmont, Téta'trne the constitutional defial- Hon of treason may not include the murder of the Prestdint, or yloleneé to his person, but morally such an act Is of the highest grade of trénson, That the Cotistitution “wade no provision for such it ering 1s dugto the fact that the commission of such an offense Was nover antlelpated, “At the clase of one century experlence has. shown that sdémo constitutional or legal provision for the pore sonul protection of the President aud Vico Presitent hug become a necessity,” ‘Choe man who murders, or souks to murder, the Chief Mogistyate of the Natlon shonld be tronted ug traitor to the Nattonal peace and Union, and all his associates and svcomplices should with him ineut the fate of traltors, Brvone tho nows was an hour oll that tho President had been slot, the following mes sages had beon dispatehed.to the White House: . . Euannoy, Ne Jy Satunta Secrelurn) Latent Wastinuto nia tho coniition of morning, July — fon? Please dispatch f the Presilout. The wows reevived vontictd, J hopy the invat favorable aay bo ete ct Axhee, ta the barre ane deup sympathy 0) ny! SHOU reeuver. i re. U, 8, Gitanz, OVEUNON'S ISLAND, N.Y Biturday morning, July 2e—Gen, We Ps. Sherman, Wastingtons trae thit the semull of the assault Sip the lito of tho Prosidont ta-day bay not hive fatal cone seypuonces, oud tht in’ tho Interedt of jhe euune ry the net inay be shown to have been that of 0 madman, Shanks Cor your dapateh and for ; your promiso of further fnformution. oh ‘ W, 8. HANCOOK, bd —_— . New Yous; Saturday snorning, July 2h Jan, dames Uy Bitlis, Reereeary of ‘Slate, Washe digtons Your, telogpam, with, fe planet marrutive, dd wot reuch mo prousptly, owing to wy" Abacnee, ft um profouiidly shocked ut the dyvadtul nows, The hopes you vxprvss ruliove somewitue the urror oF the first announcement, Lwalt tor further (iyelllzorce with tha wreutosk unxiety, Expres to the Breaident aid thuso wbaut blin wy great grief ond pat ay, in which the wholo American pouple will juin, ’ . » Osa, ATU, “New Yous, Saturday morning, July #—Jamce antiina ate af state, Wahlen? Lou 165 teleg: is Very disteussing, | etill dings, end nak you to keep rs. Gari ny n UPA, Antnun, From men of every party and every nation: ality, from monarchs over sea and the hime blest cltizens at home, messages of eliunlar import have been for threo duys pouring Inta the White House. And yet Roscoe Conk- lng gives no sign, ‘Tbe lifeblood of the Tt was not until the ‘close of the, War that, Chief Magistrate of the Nation, who never wronged a huthan belong, is slowly ebbing away, and yel Conkling ling no sorrow, no sympathy, no plty te express, Are wa to understand {hat he Is sceretly Indiiferent to tho death of the President? For his own suke, for.that of the State which lins honored hint, and for that of our common hunanity, itis te be hoped that thare has been some inlstakos that he igs: secretly Wispatahed lis condolences, antl that hela not, a3 heappenrs | to be, relentless, yindletive, ‘nnd merciless, 2: Tn the presence of the mlsahtot wrought by a spolis-sevker ant partisan suppbrter ‘he, shouted be the tirst to tieoverthe hend, trans wibatoiuter messazo of condolencd to the Nation's dying Chief, anid pray hls Maker to” spare Unt precious life. ; 4 ‘ho Comet. . The New York Herat of Saturday, duly: #, contained the following In an Sllusteated artls © efo on the comett Naturally. tho firet fow days aftor tho corict war iirst secn In tho Narthorn Homlsphore wits neased the eri of rumors, vonjeature, and Impa. flenee, Mueh of the Information vouchsnfod by the dovateoy of natronomy wos,wildiy orron. wous and iuiprobuble, All of. it wis necessarily more Gr leas Vague, Astronomera had: at fire no facts to go upon, and then not enough facts: to cnuble them to reapond to tho measure of the. puolle cirlosity. 3 Aa Macduit romarked, * Did you say all?” The writer of tho avovo ovidently hat not acon THe Tnrnuxg of a week proviaus, June 25, which ' contained two Wlayrains reprosentine the ap. pearance of the comet, and gavo the folluwing © information nvout the stranger? : The distance of ,thecomet trom the earth yesterday morning was 30,000,000 milea; tho di. . Amoter of the uefa, 1,000 miler: the shortest : dttmatet of tha comet, monsured trough, the sates, a milogs and tho length of the tail, es, . “How near this was to tho truth, though giver tothe world at a the thon tho astronomer. were nll professing thelt liability to tell any- thing about the size and distatce of the comet mny be Judged from the following statemont 10 tho Jierald of n wok later: ~~ reg P On the morting of Jung 25, whon it was very gevernily scot in tho United Stutos, ite distance ‘Wits nearly 30,000,000 miles, These are preelecly ‘the’ game Ngures,/ but based ufion observations made’ at tho’ Ditdlley Obseryatory on tho nights of Jina 24, 20, and 24, Tho statements above copled from tho Herald certainty do not apply to "Tir OurcAGo Triv- Unt, which gave to the-world, botore ny othor, paper in tho world, so far ua known, all the facts in whioh tho gonoral reador Is interested In roe gard to tho comet, é ~ << AN Engitsh papersays: 5 A ‘Last year a country sont. fu-England was robbed of valiiablo Jawwels, and now the confes- sion of a thief goes to prave that the owner's furmer butlor—now proprictor of two private hotela—""recolved" the woods: ‘I'hls garves to elucidate the qnestion of wint becomes of the proceeds of the enormyus jewel robberies, tmounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars, which have been go freqnent In England diving tho pst twelve years, It has beon frequently hinted that tho ailuenceof a joweler who - emerged from Rast Eud obscurity to West End , eltulgones some twenty-tive years ngo “whs ree" colnullent with tho robbery of Lady illeamera’s mayniticent Koms,wolch wrenoien front the buek of 2 enb, occupied by re cman 4 whon Lady Bilesmere was en ‘route visit ut Windsor Castle.” Te subsequently came: to light that the thieves had boon ludicrously ; Ignorant of tho value of tholr booty, and bad girted with what was worth pounds. for the BING amount of punce. Itis, nineteed times out of twenty, tho “fenco" who makes the money, and thore fs [ttle doubt, that, persons’ profit by these robberiva whose honeaty fs nover even muepuited; and who carry on legitimute trade. with tho capital this obtained. It actual- Iy crn to Micht Inn recent aise. that property valued at 82,000 wns sold tou barber for 8241 By. the tering of a bill introduced by the Lord Chau, ecllor it will Do Mtewal for any pawnbroker or atber dealer to alter tho appearance of, goods until thoy bave bect- soventy-two. hours In bis possession, utd all second-hand dealers’ in watches, tnetils, ete, will bo required to take out a Neuse. ie coe A GERMAN paper sys that the pretty and - delicate little Crown Princess Stephanie of Aug trin was greatly disturbed by au unexpected oc currence Jn tho streets of Praguo tho othor day. © As sho was driving along slowly in a pony cure’ riage w lady of govd exterior ‘throw a parcel’ into tho carriaae.. Tho Princess Stopnania’ was | startled, and turned tho horses, Nothing fure. thor followed, but the incldent Las mide A pain. Tul mpression on account of tho delloate health of the Princegs, Tho authoritics of Prague im. incdiately posted a requost that: no, ono would disturb the Princess during bor necessary drives, The parccl contuincd n verston-of the Bile. ~ which Is fasucd by @ scot having its headquarters: netr Prague, aa ‘ A. caArTIVe bear at! tlie “Arkansas Sot Springs: finds occasional soluce in a bottle of -* beer protfered by eomo good-natured person. A recent Visitor, who had been. much ninused‘nt seating bruin draw the cork’and drink, from “the bottle with ovitent satisfaction,- doterminod to trent na often ns tho bear desired, taking a ings’ hhragoelt for every bottle which. the captive put under his belt, At the end of, two bours tho tian bad succunbed to ninetoen'glasses and was ‘borne away on n shutter, while the bear atrolled Unek and forth at the ond of his chain witha serene and benevolent expression upon bis countennnes, i ee ———. i i Iv fairly takes one’s breath away this hot, weathor to read the figuros which represent tho number of printed pages, packnies of scolds, plants, and botanteal apeelmens which wore dls- tributed by the late Commilesionér of Agricultura durlug the four years of his Inéumberoy. “'Ac- coming to © statement. Just: fssued by Mr. Lo Dug, tho record is.a8 follows: Printed pnges, ine cluding bound volumes, special fssuvs, and nilaceilancous clroulurs, 859,331,075; packages of seeds, 4,422,828; valuable plants, 673,83: botanl- cal specimens, 17,600, + vet : A aed Tue Hon. B. R. Sherman, the Reptiblican nomtnee tor Governor of Iowa, has boen on the bench and hag boon for six years Auditor of the Stato, He was a volunteer during tho Civil War, and was eft for dead on Shiloh battleold. . a) CASUALTIES, DROWNED. _- Byecial Dispatch to The Chicago Tyibung, ARN Anton, Mich. ‘July 4—Aflés Mary Marley and Fred: Graves, of Ypsihintl, wera drowned In the river this aveihig, thelr bont cnpsizing, Miss,Clara Tayley; the only other ovenpant, clung to the boat and was rescued when nearly oxhauated, ‘The two who wero drowned wera ‘engaged to be marrlid, and wore spuniling the day with Misa Iuyloy,: Minwauiinn, dilyd.—Tho eldost duughter of Mes, Stil Clinton,” uf -Madisan, ~ was drowned while boat-riding this'furenoon, Spectat Disvateh to ‘The Chicagattvibune, Manizos, Wis, Jnly 4.—Tho, people at Maple Bind, across Lake Mendota, ware sad: dened by the drowning of Miss Lula. Clintan, myoung lady 18 years old, who, witlr fier als- ter nid two youe university stidents named ‘Lode and Wall, went aut in’ a. flat-bottomed bons fishing, ‘Tho wit was" bloy {et funds nul the waves proved too formidable for the ttlo aki, and when about: only a hundred yous fram share ale ited with water, ‘Tho rnin vents woro thrawin ality the water, Sieg fiintens caine tothe battunt: and nak cong Up. Bortunatoly soulu: experienced baatinen were esinpling near the Rau af the - secltont, Wholmuiwdlately went to’ the (res cun of the party, and succeeded In saving threo of then. PAE ee oF —_ we TWO FATAL ACCIDENTS, Speelal Diqvateh ta. Ths Chicavo Tribune © - Wi.weanaqnr,. Pa... July. 4.-A¢ oy carly hour this morning as the Wyamliug Artlijere eula were feavin the efty to nd nqulebras tipn at Honesiull, the horse of F)jng-Serguaht itvese Loyshon beenio “frightenel at the exs wloston of a tire-crackor, and thoy the rlden Whogo head stryel-the paydnent with oso wy tt pty trketure Ih ak UG exe pred at the City Wospital tat Pdg avontne, Another fittal acciilant- deonrred nt about 7 oelock i the evening by tha swaping uf a row-boat, in piles wi ye WS POR arene enjoys wridoaa tho river dn front of: the clty, Tui asia Jones waa drowned, 18 body was recovared (iy 6 Bho he, but lite “RUN OVER AND RILGED, — Spectal Dupaten 10 The Chicago Trine. ~ DFpvyos, O,, July 4.—Johp Hoffrlehter, promlnvit stuck-dealer, jas yun aver nnd ie stantly Killed by the express-train north on -the ‘Taledo, Relphoa & Hurlhigton Road this” prorntng, Mo, wits partly deaf, and was walk: Jug on thy track, and ‘did nok hear the np prouch of the grain, :