Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 20, 1881, Page 7

188i_BIGHTEEN PAGES: q FppwoR AL BUILDING. upon experience, that a comprehensive art.” = sements forthe Grand Mass- «rane Meeting Saturday. n of the Art Side of the ; ntatio pBrese Movement. EX EMORIAL RBUTLNING. x the past week the Committee ap- Darin Mie Palmer Louse Fire-Celebra- PF meeting have been making arrange- 2 2 for the grand mass demonstration 1s otate place at the Central Music- i to sie ena evening. Arrangements ally been made which will, itis con- tis believed, make this meeting the se puint of a grand popular movement i will result in the erection of a superb a rial building that will forall time serve ., ibd memorate the day of the destruction ee ees: that universal chari- icago | and g caieae® followed the contlagra- S. The meeting | is to. be pre- Med over, by yor Harrison, A EB at jist of Vice-Presi¢ ntsis in course of pel tion; it is not yet completed, how- -pustatfannut be made public, “The fol- gentlenien have sign dd their inten- f speaking at the meeting, the ad- wa of $Pig understond, to be limited to five Meseach: Wirt Dexter, LeonardSwett, sn Raster, Thomas Hoyne, Prof. Broa yA. Storrs, Archbishop Feehan, Foor as ter, Franklin Mae ben Medill Le Soran We Jie Kiyder, D, C. Lorrimer, D. D., E.G. Mason, Germrorey, Bishop McLaren, the Rev: 2D Riordan, Judge Rogers, E. G. Asay, ‘J. Bynes, and W. J. Onahan. LE ‘of the members of the Committee jae been surprised by the widespread, Interest felt in this movement. fierever they have zone to ask gentlemen take a part in the Memorial Building ‘i! they have met the heartiest an cordial welcome. ‘They have been told txt the cause Was One which appealed to the gapathy of everybody, and that they, the en called upon, could be relivd 10 do all that was in their st to push the scheme forward It Pronddent ly believed that there will be no dificult whatever after the movement is folly outlined, as it will be Saturday night, pt preented TO the public in its complete gope and bearing, in securing by popular gbscription and by those large and generous Sgiributions of Wealtny citizens whieh will low the Success Of this appeal to the public Saree, suficient funds ta erect a grand and id building, which will bea monument wae world’s charity and to Chicago’s ap- peciation of it. THE CAUSE OF ART. + Tathe Editor of The Chicago Tribune. Cacao, March 18.—The movement fora subscription for a Memorial Build- be commemorative of the world’s generosity Chicago after the fire is likely to absorb puch popular attention during the coming | eck. Such 2 movement for the purpcse— @ i geording to the Palmer-House resolution— “of building a public library and art acad- say and museum” must command the sup- ptt of every intelligent person, for no man Meducation and taste can fail ardently to isiretosee here both a library and an art pxitution proportionate to the pretensions jai size of the cif. Xo very eloquent pen would be required to ptinastrong light the deficiencies of the ttyinthese respects, In sober truth, we weinastate of barbarisin as regards these wolisnces of higher education. I do not forget the sound and excellent beginning of apobdlic library, and I claim something for carlite art-school, but it is nevertheless tte that no man can write a book which re- quires research in Chicago at present, and poartist of high quality can be long retained here, simply for want of subsistence. Chi- @oisnot only behind the greater cities, New York and Philadelphia, not only behin such cities as Boston and Washington, but farbehind Cincinnati and St, Louis. Grant flat this state of things is due to the fire: thls exctse is now outlawed by lapse of time, forall the world knows that we no hoger claim favors on account of that calam- trot years gone by. For Chicago to re- rrin two years more without laying the foundation for such an institution as is now tder discussion would be a shame to us all. Unconscious barbarism may be excused, but pretentious barbarism is intolerable. The claims of the Hbrary have been often ad well presented. A few words upon the public uses of our art fustitutions may not be superRuous. The exact mode of combining alibrary and ap art museum is a matterto be ied ereafter. The admirable plan for 2 building Jately presented by“ Mr. Poole to the convention of librarians at ashington is essentially a system of com- fartments, calculated for utility, for the con- Tenlent storage and use of books. and enter- ining not at all the production of imposing uchitectural effects in the interior. ‘The tart which galleries of painting and sculpt- tre would play in connection with a library a{this character in a grand Memorial Build- brits eas to perceive. re aré three objects which a popular Mt institution liberally conducted may Poverly be expected to fultill, It should mnstitute, first, a museum of objects of ut, open free to all citizens at certain ; Second, a shool of art, both academic ndfndus , accessible on equal terms to ui third, what may. be called an exchange art, meaning thereby a medium of com- Hit between n persons interested in the 1 ist erstn een, ts, patrons, amateurs, sudden formation of a collection of neand valuable works of art may well be Tyarded as an-absurdity; and yet, while igual Titans and ‘Turners are not easils er pheably tobe had, there are classes of panieapures, of the greatest interest and tees afility, which are quite within the even of moderate means, and are at ee lime the Very material most Si for schools. Some of the rich- Cmuaseums in the country—the Cor- (at Gallery at Washington, ‘the Boston 3 ie of Fine Arts, the ‘Philadelphia § real gS eave been able, with all their Le Ith tofind no better works of art to a Bite thelr splendid halls than reproductions 3 bean’ je Statues. These, with a full col- EA a cy ode ‘ g of Braun’s autotypes of works of the A noes aad other reproductions of works of fuser aS constitute a large part of the fins South Kensington collections, would me nucleus of a collection at which no The cin the world would dare to sneer. ‘cost of th ively small. ging in private 2 is ty the pric ot whieh ould tis extensive collection o: aS, ,Covies of oil pictures are usually atonal Falue, but it cannot be doubted kta bt inal pictures of merit. would soon _ coming, and it probable ‘ould be i Tespectable loan __ cullecton teva ept up as suon as the idea should comprehended by our picture-own- - eshould now havea Louvre, or even stoma an Museum, fur some years, but Dita sings borne in mind that now we have Titer © Bood picture accessible to artist, fhe yah Student. Open such a gallery to hie of - and it will soon be seen thut the or pictures is not contined to the rich Wi ud “feuttored. ih respect to an art 3 school, both the de- Pret the Seasoulity have area bern Lead le present ay echival oO} ie cry ‘sud, of Fine Aris has this season about ling the ean t ‘hi is dents, "They ay titi Dop, ey all pay tuition fees, bysan Sig moderate auounis, and the earn- or $6) a month; so that the in- the; en, is nea v Students in rly self-sustaining, even in- ee have been not less than his fast thre little school with- y Such a re- Vile known and rial “fy ath accommodation lor study indicates beyond lution eiat could be done with a great tat & school Hutte ety supplied equipped. We have only 4 y ly nu te gait OF artists’ course. A comprehen- inet Would embrace an equal de- L pat wt b plied art and nd it fur her commer fs fi decorative de- ranches upon which England Aad artsch Ry & x tar-schouls, 8, and in which M: waarsckery city of over 10,600 inka atin the pffee instruction not only by day Ea re eee ay be said in passing cok eater absurdity than to Beil RE and desizn among * orna- 20 50) fool i boldly assert that there tebe Writ Quiremenut whatever, atter re ey Sa Pend mittions of pounds in oye aud arithmetic, which is sv © .aerape setts rer es column, 1 invite retlection, Mar insties One of the strongest elains Deeignes! ution upon the popular favér. "Netlon fn dae systematic and thereush i baie Sccorative designing in this cit: 1 found any belief directly 5, directly useful in after life man as drawing. Upon upon which I have no space school, including both academic and indus- trial art, €nd known all ome e Northwest, would soon gather to itself 500;Spossibly even a ereae ee peudents, Silo souel pay all ex-, } s . except for a pla york in and material to work from. Place MeN eWith rezardéto the institution as a medium ae coumunication between artists and thelr He ents, there fs at Present no public place in the elty where an artist, may exhibit or see a picture, or where an artist may meet gentle- men of his own or kindred professiuns. T here is a fatal absence of any art atinuspliere, and the consequence is that we are losing the artists who of right belong to us. ‘There are half a dozen successful artists in New York at this. moment who really belong in Chicago. Such are Shirlaw, Beckwith, Church, Freer, Blackman, Murphy, D. Volk, and now Miss Shaw. We have still some here who are worth retaining, and by all means let us give them alr, and’ at the same tine try to raise some patrons who will not be afraid to buy a picture because it is painted athome. In the Memorial Building I hope to sew a gallery of moderate size opened ta resident and Western artists fur the exhibi- tion of new pictures. Finaily, [take the liberty earnestly to call upon all persons interested in art matters, whether fine art or industrial art, to help the agitation during the coming week. so that the meeting at Music-Hall Saturday evening may dean exhibition of real enthusiasm in this behalf, and lead to results wnieh shall make Us not ashamed to show our faces in our sister cities. W. AM. RL Frencu, Secretary Academy of Fine Arts. Sess ee ROYAL ASSASINATIONS, Straaps Attempt upon the Life of the Kirst Napoleon, Etc. For The Chicago Tribune, The murder of the Russian Emperor by fanatical assasins has sent a thrill of horror throughout the civilized world, and the ques- tion again arises regarding the promptings of criminals who thus exere{se their brutal in- stincts at the risk of their own lives, without effecting any change in Governments obnox- ious to them, and without beneficial results to their own cause. “That these attempts are always the result of blind fury, as is gener- ally believed, Is not the case, although prob- ably applicable in the present instance, as political affairs in Russia are so depressing that it is no marvel if the people are driven to desperation, Notwithstanding the gloss of civilization thrown over her high society, Russia still remains the country of Ivan the ‘Terrible, and of Peter, equally great on ac- count of his cruelties as nis genius; and a desire for vengeance has probably impelled the assasin of the Czar to commit an in- famous deed in the heat of infuriated pas- sion. The wretch who attempted the life of Alphonse XIL of Spainjwas actuated by ade- Sire for notoriety. He had resolved to com- mit suicide, but was advised by certain com- rades to murder the King, and thereby gain Tenown in the manner of his death, instead of descending to a nameless grave. ‘The most singular case on record, however, is that of the First Napoleon, whose life was attempted by Frederick Straaps, adeluded fanatic, who persisted in the Belief that God had appeared to him in a dream and cow- manded him to commit the deed. * This was early in October, 1889, when Napoleon was in Schénbrun, arranging a treaty of peace with Austria, Every dayiat noon the Emperor reviewed his soldiers in the court of thechateau of Schénbrun; whieh ‘event attracted a large crowd of spectators, most of whom came expressly from Vienna to witness this pageantry. On Tuesday, the 12th of October, afterhav- ing descended from the chateau, he crossed the court to approach the right of the regi- ment which formed the first line, whena young man hastily proceeded in the same di- rection, as if desiring to accost the Emperor. The Prince Berthier noticed this movement, and, spurring his horse, forestalled the youth, and thus addressed him’: “ Where are you going 2”? “T wish to speak to the Emperor.” “ One does not, thus address the Emperor. Retire immediately.” _And, making a sign to the sentinels sta- tioned here and there to preserve order, the young man was conducted outside the lines. But it was not long before the same. indi- vidual again appeared behind the line of grenadiers, evidently endeavoring to reach the head of the column, Nobwithstunding bo was again repulsed, he persisted so forcibly in advancing that it was necessary to sum- mon the gendarines to conduct him to the post of thepalace. On the way it was dis- covered by one of the officers that he had a large outcher’s knife, newly sharpened, under the right side of his redingote. “Why are you thus armed?” asked the officer of the post. “That is my secret,” roughly answered the young man. The Duke de Rovigo, summoned by the gendarmes, arrived promptly and questioned the offender. The prisoner, without hesita- tion, declared that he had formed the project of killing the Emperor, “My name is Straaps,”’ added he in a tone full of disdain; “1am a Saxon, and ain nine- teen -yearsand 2 half_old. My father isa Lutheran minister at_Naubourg. Do what @ With me. Ihave told all.” acing him securely between two gen- darmes, the Duke de Rovigo hastened to the Emperor, who was watching the defile of troops in the court of the chateau. Napo- Jeon had already been informed of the danger to which he ha been sxposed, but in which he did not place mucff faith until the Duke de Rovigo showed him the knife found on Straaps, when he remarked, in almost a jest- ing tone: _ = « “Ah! this is different. There reallyseems to be something in it. - Let the young man be brought to me; I will question him inyself.” After the defile the Emperorretained some of the Generals who had assisted at the pa- rade, and with them entered the palace. Ar~ riving at the salon de service, he found M. de Champagny awaiting him. “Do you know,” said he, calmly, “that the Prince de Lichtenstein wes right when*he informed you thata project was on foot to assusinate mine?” What does your Majesty mean by these words ?” asked the Minister. a “Yes, to assasinate me,” repeated Napo- leon. “The attempt was made a moment ago. Follow me with these gentlemen, and you will Know all.” S an instant afterwards, the Duke de Rovig ordered Straaps to be brought by au otlicer into the presence of the Empesor; and, on seeing aman so young, Napoleon was oyer- come with pity, if “Jt ‘cannot be possible,” he e: “that this vouth has conceived suc! strous idea!” + 2 ‘Then, having asked the prisoner:if he rec- d him; Straaps, whom the presence of the Emperor did not seem in the Jeast to in- timidate, answered, coolly: * Yes, sire.” 3 i « And where have you scen me?” “ AtErturth, lastautumn.”’ | . Notwithstanding ‘this information. Jeon cherished his first idea, and, addi himself to Corvisart, the head ph a the Court, who had just entered, he pointed towards the young German, remarkiny “You will discover, Doctor, that this poor fellow. is either deranged o1 imbecile.” He then questioned the prisoner before all present, with much gentleness, and even with compassion: but thgyoung German per- sisted in declaring his firtu resolution to com- iit the deed. ie oY at reason 9”? asked Napoleon, 4 ms on his breast. “ What motive impels you to attempt such a crime?” “ Twish to procure the peace of Germany,” answered Straaps, without the least sign of emotion.“ . “T have only made war with Austria; was not she the aggTessor?” - “Germany is all in arms. The voice of God has told me that the death of a single man would pacify al}, and this man is——” * Young “man,” interrupted Napoleon, with severity, without allowing e for the completion of the sentence, “God never sanctioned crime.” ‘ “This is a mecessaty sacrifice,’ replied Straaps. . - At a glance from the Emperor, Corvisart examined the pulse of Straaps. Ne found a slight agitation, but no indication of de- rangement of heaith or intellizence, which information he conveyed to the Emperor in an undertone, who, after 2 moment's reflec- tion, addressed the following question ty the young man: ‘ # kin and it lpardon you, would you take it Rindly 2? jite Lwould make greaterefforis to take your ite, “Ah,” replied Napoleon, “ it seems that crime is nothiny in your estimation.’ F “To Jill qe ie not a crime; on the con- rary, itis a holy duty. The ferocity of these words contrasted aimed, amon- strangely with the gentle tone and modest demeanor with which they were pronounced, ‘The unconquerablevresolution they betrayed made a deep limpression on the Emperor, : which he endeavored to conceal under the- guise of tranquillity. Straaps was then re-: moved by the officer who had conducted him’ out of the presence of Napoleun, “ Follow him,” said the latter to the Duke. de Rovigo, “and fet justice have its sway.” + * Amoment after, ail those who were pres-i ent retired, excepting M. de Champagny, the Minister, whom the Emperor heid by the arm. “Monsieur le Duke,” said he in a trem-- bling voice, “we must make peace with these savage brutes, do you understand? * Return to Vienna to the Plenipotantiaries; Ltrast all to you.” And, with a friendly salutation, added, “T o-murrow.” "Che order for the trial of Straaps was im- mediately issued, and the ‘researches of the police procured the following information: Straps had left Erfurth, where he was ap- prenticed to a manufacturer of nankeens, on the 12th of the preceding September, with a voor cabriolet and an_vld_horse that he bor- rowed froin a friend of his tather, He had not revealed a word of his project, and a note found after his departure stated that he in- tended to enyol! himself in the German army, and ended with the following words: “Twill be found: among the conquerors or dead on the field of battle.” At some distance from Erfurth, he sold the horse and cabriolet, which procured him énough money to carry him to Vienna, where he lodged in one of the faubourgs. The next duy he purchased at a second-hand store the knife, which he sharpened on the pavement, and then, without speaking to a persun, he proceeded to the parade at,Schoenbrunn, which he attended daily, watching for a favorable occasion to execute his design. it is probable that with more precaution he would have been allowed to approach the Emperor; and, as he remarked to his Judges, if once within range his thrusts would have been well given. During the four days of trial his mildness and resignation never abanuoned him a sin- gleinstant. Le persisted in his avowals, and in the motives which had inspired the reso- lution. Ilowever, when the President of tne Military Commission conversed with him on his prejudice against Napoleon, he seemed moved, und remarked: » “Tet had known his true character sooner, Iwould not have made an frrevokable en- gagement with God—perhaps,”* On being questioned by the President re- garding the punishinedt reserved for, regi- cides, he replied: : I know that [shall be subjected to tor- tures, for which Tam prepared fn advance; but death will put an end to this, and obtain for_me a recompense proportionate to my suffering In the bosum of Gud.” aa ‘The President having informed him that torttire of criminals was not in accordance with French legislation or French manners, he seemed to learn with great satisfaction that the only punishment in reserye fur him was to be shot. * ‘The evening before his execution, Straaps sent a letter to his father, in which he said: * Again this night God appeared tome. This a figure bright as the sun at noonday, whose voice said tome: ‘March forward! ‘Tuou wilt succeed in the enterprise, but thou wilt perish therein,” I felt myself sustained. by invincible force.” Monday, Oct. 16, the day on which Straaps was to be executed, was also the day on which peace was declared between France and Austria, On the announcement of this news to the army on that day, volley after fired to celebrate the event, when asked the cause of this rejoicing. It‘is for the declaration of peace which has just been signed by the Emperor Napo- leon,” was the reply. “O my God!” he eried, raising his eyes and hands to heaven, “I thank Thee! Peace is then declared, and L not an assasin.”” At2o’clock he was taken to the place of execution. Ue walked with resignation to meet his doom, and in a quarter of an hour he had ceased to live. The same day, Oct, 15, at2 o'clock in the afternoon, Napoleon lett Schoenbrun for the chateau of Nymphimbourg, where all the Court were awaiting him, from which place they would depart immediately for Paris; The weather magniticent. ‘The Em- peror was on horseback, surrounded by his Aides-de-Camp. ‘They were proceeding slow- ly along, and, on turning a pieturesgue hill, Napoleon called the attention of the Duke de Rovigo to the beauty of the scenery, and while gazing on the vast panorama unrolled before them, a discharge of musketry was heard, whose echoes reverberated far. and near. The Emperor stopped his horse, and directed h litte a little grayish cloud which was ly rising above the earth. “ What is it” he asked. ae The Duke de Rovieo having replied that this was the execution of Straaps, Navoleon remarked, with a painful expression: ‘it ‘was a necessary duty, however?” Then, spurring his horse, he pursued his route in a gallop. E. B. THE CARNIVAL. Scenes in the Modern Roman Satur- nalia. Special Correspondence of The Chicago Tribune. Roste, Italy, March 2.—The great Carnival is just over. Last night, after a life of eleven days full of vigor and intensity, the monster expired, suddenly as a taper ex- tinguished by the breath. Perhaps some of your readers, especially among the young people, may be interested in a short descrip tion. The origin of this celebrated festival is in- volved in some doubt, but it is generally re- garded as being an outgrowth of the ancient Saturnalia of Rome. The Roman Catholic Church deny that it sprung from their religion, but claim that the Church has ever opposed, condemned, and, finally, from force of circumstances, barely tolerated, its- excessive festivities. Accorditig to Byron the derivation ot the word is carnis vale—‘farewell to flesh,?— the priests instructing the people to leave meat untouched during the forty days of Lent immediately following. The principal street in Rome is the Corso. It runs from the north gate about due south through the heart of the modern part of the city; is straight, quite wide, nearly a mile in length, and Jined with shops, hotels, and palaces. Here, as everybody knows, is the fountain-head and focus of the Carnival. On either side of the street, from the lowest story to the very roof, are innumerable ye- randas and balconies of all sizes and slrapes, all trimmed with gayest colors—bright red, bright green, crimson, and gold; decorated with festoons of leaves and flowers; streain- ers floating out in liveliest hues, In front of the churches temporary stands have been erected; and these, as well as scaffuldings to new buildings, have been transtormed into gorgeous tem- ples, radiant with crimson, silver, and gold. ‘The doorways of the shups, too, have been barricaded and hung with curtains, ready for offensive and defensive warfare. Each day, long before the hour, the multi- Carriages, drawn by horses with gaily-caparisoned trappings, are slowly passing up and down the strect in two long unbroken lines, often brought to a stand still by the surging crowd pressing their way on foot in every direction. The finer equip- ages are Jined with white cambrie for pro- tection. Every cross street is pouring in its spectators by hundreds; while soldiers, in brighe uniform and fully armed, compel all vehicles to enter the Corso at one or the other extremity, At2o’clock the revelry of the Carnival be- gins. What an animated picture! Fromm pavement to chimney every door, window, yeranda, and balcony is alive with bright sand active forms, Wor takes spe- cial delight in ascene like this; and, wher- ever you Jook, there her eyes are laughing, dancing, and sparkling like glistening monds. It is a time of gencral license, and men and women have arrayed themselves, under the protection of the mask, in every wild, droll, quaint style of dress. One de scries in the close mass of variegated bright- ness 4 ludicrous caricature on every nation- ality, every trade and profession; while many costumes are a combination of the grotesque and ridiculous, without any attempt at per- sonificaton. . ‘The signal given, the sportive warfare be- eins. Doors, windows, balconies, carriages, are nil provided with bushels of sugar-piuins called“ confetti,” baskets of little bouquets, and innumerabie bright paper streamers at- tached toa marble bail. Pedestrians carry largs bags of this ammunition strapped across their shoulders, And everybody throws these white sugar- plums,.vhich prove to beantiserable counter- feit of earth covered with lime, at everybody else, whether high or low, near or far. Here two passug carriages are engaged in ‘an alfray; there a storm of balls and flowers rages between two opposit windows. The crowd below are inccssantly’ pelted from above, ‘and they, fighting at a great disad- vantage, hurl back the white -shot with the aid of little, long-handled scoops, ‘The Pass of Thermopyle seems to be in front of a large restaurant, where a close line ef combatants in the long baleony render the passage a, desperate undertaking by hurling down confetti in Oruadsides, as f the fate of Rome depended upon their heroic Tesistance, deluging the crowd below until they are white as millers. & Men and beys are shouting “Confette!’' “Confet!? Every carriage is followed by “half a score or more of ragged urchins, ready to snatch any stray bouquet that may fall, under the horses’ feet or among the wheels, All Kinds of languages are heard in this Bubel. There are pretty Ltalian girls with graceful waists, bright-colpred head- dresses, dark, passionate “eyes, Jaughing faces, ‘and ‘free, gallant, good-humored izures. There are English and American ladies and gentlemen entering into the sport os heartily as the noblest Roman of them all. . : But,in the midst of all this tumult and abandonment, so contagious: and irresistible dn all its flashing and infinit variety, there is ‘heard the boom of the cannon, and re- luctantly hostilities ceaso and peace is re- stored. Carriages iminediately turn out of the Corso into side streets; soldiers thrust back the crowd on to the narrow, sidewalks; the vast multitudes wait in eager expecta- tion for a few minutes; When, at either end of the street, is heard the blast of the bugle,—the signal for the races. In old times, beautiful, sleek Barbary steeds, fleet as the wind, sped riderless through the Corso; but now only six commonplace, seraggy, hony = old horses, covered with fingling’ chains, and sharp-pointed stars and triangles of gilt metal, canter through the yoelferous crowd. hat closes the sport of the day. f- In the evening there are balis, lotteries, fairs, and illuminations on the piazzas, Day after day for nearly two wecks these fooleries are repeated with little variation. After the fourth day confetti are no longer thrown.— only flowers. The last day fis usually re- gardefl us the best of all. ‘fhe fancy dresses appear in greater variety and richer mate- rial; the bouquets are larger, and many of them of beautiful, natural Lowers. But the last night is the climax of this gay, wild reveling. As dark-winged night begins to draw her sable inantle dver the Eternal City, the Corso, with its dark, surging mass of humanity, presents, in the im light of the moon, a” strange vird spectacle. Suddenly little lights shine forth, millions in number; the crowded street is all ablaze; every window, and bal- cony, and street-corner is iuminated as with a universe of bright-twinkling stars. Now comes the last gay madness of the Carnival, attaining to sucha hight of xlittermg color, swarming life, and frolicsome uproar, that its memory will never fade, Everybody is expected to carry a little candle or taper, and keep it lighted, while he as earnestly endeay- ors to extinguish all the lights around him. As soon as your light expires, you are taunt- ed with the ery, “Senza moccolo! senza moc- colo!” (Without alight!) ‘The fun waxes fast and furious during this hour’s wanton- ness. Men in groups, pushing, reaching, scuffling, to put out some solitary taper held aloft; women _ stretching half-way out of balconies in vsome eager attempt to retaliate; the moment of victory and triumph suddenly turned into defeatand *ldicule by a flapping handkerchief: swung from above. Such genuine hearty laughter, and real child-like merriment! Delicious! sAgain, at the hightof the. enthusiasin, in the fullest ecstasy of the sport, the signal sounds for another change in the procession. All the mastyueraders, all who carry illumin- ated lanterns, march through the Corso. Borne in a mammoth chariot follows the colossal figure of the dying Carnival. One attendant is fanning the face, another ruy- bing his cold and motionless limbs; but all is of no avail. He expires as the procession reaches the end of the Corso, and his huge body is burned on a funeral pyre in the piazza near by. Then the assembled multi- tudes, filling the vast square, are delightfully entertained for a few minutes by bright, sparkling fire-works, while the Pincian @ den hights to the eas tare illuminated with Bengal lights.—a brilliant and ost ¢aptivat- ing sight. Thus closed the Carnival, and Rome is quiet to-d M. GoopELL. ALFRED AYEWARD. ; Adviser of Joubert, Conimander of the Fighting Boers—One“of Garibaldis Men—-Kis Part in the Uprising in Irce Iand in 1867—Two Attempts-to Kill Him by Fentans Who Distrusted Him, New York Sun. ‘The superb resistance ot the Boers to the armed invasion of the Transvaal by the En- glish, and the almost uniform success that has hitherto crowned it, have, in view of the numerical weakness of the Boers, been a matter of surprise. Naturally the Irish are highly pleased by the defeat of the English troops, and the enjoyment of the reverses of the veterans of many campaigns fs hight- ened by the fact that even the leading English journals attribute them mainly to an Lrish- man, Alfred Aylward, the chief adviser of Joubert, the commander of the Boers. The English press, however, appears to have ad- mitted Aylward’s nationality only asa ground for the most bitter personality. Probably the mifdest term ,applied to him is “the Irish rencrade,” Thomas Brennan, of No. 259 Third avenue, was associated with Aylward some years ago in Insurreetionary movements in Jreland, and is one of the few living men who possess accurate information as to hiseareer, “ Ayl- ward’s life is acomplete romance,” Mr. Bren- nan sald, ‘and he is the ideal hero of a ro- mantic tale. As I saw him last, he was, péy- sonally, the realization of an artist’s concep- tion of a reckless conspirator, tireless in [iostine revolution, He was tall and museu- far, and had adark complexion. His dark s Were bright and restless, and his long ‘aven hair fell in curls ou his shoulders, A Diack felt hat was slouched low over his swarthy face, and his clothing was loose and easy. He would have made, we fortune of a manager, I fancy, who could have induced. him to appear, for instance, on the stage of the Bowery ‘Theatre just as he was in sume thrilling melodrama. But Aylward had gen- uine metal in him, as has since been shown, though some of the Duolin boys were in- elined to think that he was weak and stagy, and soon itfterward they thought even worse of him. But no one doudted that Aylward, who had _ served creditably under Garibaldi, possisien a valuable degree ot knowledge of regular warfare, and he was admitted to the confidence of the Fenian circles in Dub- tin, “ Aylward isin his ith year. Hels a natve, 1 belfeve, of Dublin. His father kept asmall faney goods store in that part of Dubdlin known.as Summer Hill. Hereceived a_liberal education. After bis graduation, his father had not the means to establish him in a profession, nor the influence to se- eure him a position, however incrosiderabie, under the Government. Having no regular employment, Aylward became absorbed in the wrongs of his country. There was no particular movement ou foot just then, and he resolved to enlist under the stanaard of liberty unfurled by Garibaldi. He was one of the few hundred men who first tonched the ftatian shore with Garibaldi under the revolntionary Jag. ‘There is no doubt that he went through a good deal of bard fight- ing with Garibaldi, of which he was fond of talking after returning to ireland. He reappeared In Dublin, with his warlike appearance and_his glib tall of bloody fields, on the eve of the uprising of March, 1867. A “Just outside of Dublin, about seven miles, at Butterstown, Lord Goff, an Ivish- man, though a General in the British army, had a beautiful country-seat. His Lordship had a taste for curious ‘arms. In the war with the Sikhs he captured three superb bronze field-pieces. They were presented to him by the English Government, and he had them Set wp on the lawn in frontof his hous A man who had been in the artillery in Be; gar’s Bush barracks belonged to our Fenian Circle, and he secretly drilled Lord Goif’s own servants. who were with us, in te use of these guns,- An organization of about fifty trusty men was also. perfected in the management of the guns, Which it was in- tended should play, under aAylward’s com- mand, a'prominent part inthe uprising. Just to show Ayiward’s style in those days, and to explain why Land others, had an idea then that.he was not a ian of sterling courage, | wil telf you one little incident. On the afterncon of the Sth of March,: 1s07— the outbreak - came at midnight—the police gat wind of the meeting-place of our Circle, and raided -it, capturing the man in charge. It. was off Grafton street,.in Dublin. Some time after the de- parture of the pulicea number of us, una- ware of the raid, collected. : ‘Then we found that Fitzpatrick, the only man around at the time of the police descent, had been ar- tested. While we were talking the matter over Aylward rattled upon aecar, He saw that something unusual had occurred, and he asked what it was. Patrick Doran, a quiet, gritty fellow, who was afterward trled with Gen. Bourke, and sentenced to be hanged, drawn, and quartered, told him that the police had made a raid. ‘A raid!’ ex: claimed Aylward. ‘ ‘fo —— with the police! Let’s be after them!’ He sprang from the car and brandished a huge knife. * Pshaw,?’ Doran said, indifferently, ‘put up your knife, Aylward. ‘This is no place tu show it. You'll have plenty of use for it, mayhap, before morning.’ His tone acted like cold water upon-Aylward, and he thrust the knife back into its hidden sheath. I should have said that Aylward, soon after his return from Italy, obtained a small Government position, —that of secretary, I think, to a prominent official. All the while, however, Ayiward was acting with us, as Tt now think, honestly. He was accustomed to earry deadly weapons, zyin fact, he was what was called in the United States ‘a traveling arsenal.’ Well, he got Into astreet broil one day, and whip- ping out a long stiletto, was on the point of making about as many holes as there are in a sieve in his antagonist’s body. when the jolice, who were on the alert in ‘those troub- lous times, interfered. He was arrested. When he was searched in the police station Plans of attack on Dublin Castle and the various barracks in and about the city were found in his pockets, There was also evi- dence there that ho had imparted valuable information _as to the affairs of the Govern- ment to the Fenians. He was committed to prison to await trial. But, according tou my information, he was released through the in- flueuce of the Government official who had employed him and liked him. ‘The impres- sion, however, was made that he had escaped So easily because he had agreed to become an informer. That he was not an informerl belicv.2, because I know that he had oppor- tunities, both in Dublin and Liverpool, to make a milat of money by betraying men, I Was one of those men, and I know that Aylward could have sent me higher than a kite at any moment that he chose. But, ac- cording to my knowledge of him, he was an inveterate and uncompromising enemy of British rule. = “Well, the uprising, hopeless from the outset, began at midnight on the Sth of March, 1867, one of the storinfest nights that Was ever seen in Lreland. had been pre- arranged that Aylward should take com- mand of the Butterstown men, stop three of the four-horse omnibuses running between Kingston_and Dublin, yoke the horses to Lord Goi?’s tield-pieces, and advance to the support of John Kirwin, the leader of the three cireles of inen, numbering about $00, in attacking and capturing the police bar- racks in the vicinity. Had this prearrange- ment been carried out success would un- doubtedly have followed, Kirwin, who is now in business in this city, led his men to an attack on Dundrum police barracks, de- fended that night by about thirty policemen. At the first volley Kirwin fell, wounded severely. ‘Che luss of the brave leader dis- heartened the men, and they retired. some returning to their homes. Kirwin was borne from the field, but_afterward fell into the hands of the police. Jie was taken toa hospital, and left under the custody of two policemen, to recover, if possible. He feigned to be very much more helpless than he was, and, ing advantaze of the absence of his guardians from his bedside for an instant, he sprang from a window and made his escape, Under the lead of aman whose name L cannot give, because he is in Ireland still, the remainder of the scattered force inoved toward the police barracks at Stepaside and Glencullen. Near these places, according to the plan of action, Aylward was tohave met us with the artillery, From these voints we were to have advanced to the capture of Bray, ajfamous watering- place, With Aylward’s support we could. have had, almost unquestionably, a sueces- sion of easy victories, ending with the capt- ureof Bray. We had provided an ample supply of grape and canister for the guns, and we depended upon thein to make a big noise in the world that night. There was deep and bitter disappointment when Ayl- ward failed to meet us. Then we proceeded to Tallazh, where we were to have joined the main body of insurgents, under Gen. Hiatpine. But we found at the rendezvous only a green flag, a few pikes, and Lalpine’s yalise. There had been a gathering of good men, but, concluding that the outbreak had failed, they had separated, “Aylward endeavored, I believe, to justify himself on the ground that, seeing that the attempt was hopeless, he did not carry out his part of the program, and lead men to cer- tain death or capture, to be followed up with the savage treatment of the officers of the law. Other men, as I have said, took the sane view of the matter that night. Great tion was felt with regard to Ayl- v st. This was Intensified when, some weeks afterward, he was charged with frustrating an attempt to kill Lord Mayo, the Lord-Lieutenant, as he was quitting the Castle one day, by an anonymous letter ap- prising him of his danger. I do not know whether there was any basis whatever for this report in regard to Aylward, but it eer- tainly embittered [rishmen who had trusted him go that they thought he ought to bedealt with sumuarily. Two daring attempts were made to take his life. On the first occasion he was invited by several men to take a walk on the bank of the Dublin Canal, In a secluded place these men, probably the ap- pointed executioners of Aylward, drew their revolvers and Jired at him, wounding him severely. The police, attracted by the pistol shots, ran up, but Aylward’s assai anfsescaped. Ile was taken to a ho: and lingered for a long time betwe death, ‘Though he knew his as: and could have betrayed them to the polt at any moment, he refused to utter one word. againt them, After his recovery a second attempe was made to Kill him. One of the men who had before tried to Kul him met hint in Clarendon street, Dublin, and at once began to blaze away at him. Aylward was again badly wounded. is assailant es- caped, but, though Aylward could havé made his hiding-pliwe Known to the police, he kept absolute siletce on the subject, His. silence when he might have spoken, and given up the men who had endeavored to as him, has induced me to believe—ant ney that a good many of his old associates are of the same opinton—that he could not have been an informer, s “Atter reguining his health he quitted Treland, and was_ soon after seen in Liver- pool in reduced cireumstane ‘There were many men in Liverpool then that the Gov- ernment would probably have paid well for, and iffe had been given to infornedite, it seems to me he would have done so then, Ile lived in a retired quarter, and kept out of the way of the men who had quitted [Ireland after the uprising, mainly with a view of get- ting out of the country, supposing that every man’s hand was against him. 1 called at the hotse where he was staying, one day, the proprietor being an acquaintance. «As Len- tered Aylward went quickly up-stairs. * What is the matter with Aylward 2” Lasked. ‘The poor fellow fancies thatevery one who comes near him desires to assasinate him,’ the pro- prietor .answe I went up stairs, and when I opened Aytward’s door {saw him lying upon his bed, with a revolver in his hand. He was evidently on his guard, and eyed me warily. * What ails you, Aylward ?? Tsaid; *L wouldn't hurt you, nor would L allow any one else to hurt you.’ [He betieved what Lsaid, and, rising from the bed, he greeted ime cordially, and pat up the re- volver. While he remained in Liverpool wé were good friends. “Ve and a man named Russell started on foot from Liverpool to walk to Manchester ins h of employment. They being fine, soldierly mien, strongly resembling Col. Kelly and Capt. Deasey, who had been rescued frow the prison Van in Manchester, They were arrested, and were found to be heavily armed, They were imprisoned until theif identity wasvascertained. Aylward deter- mined to quit his nativejand. He went to and was engaged for a time in build- ing a railroad. ‘The allurements of the dia- mond fields attracted him next. and he was heard of at the Cape. He seems to have made a favorable impression upon influen- tial residents of the ‘Transvaal, and he deter- mined to beeome a permanent resident, Me issaid to have written a buck about the country, in which its means of development and defense were treated with much ability. When hostilities began recently, his advice as to the campafyn against the English was sought by Joubert, and that it was. good appears to be patent to the whole world. Some of the Liberal En- glish pavers have conceded that he possess genius forthe management of irregular war- fare. I think that there is very little doubt that Aylward, who knows well the temper of the English people, suggested the appoint- ment of the corps of crack shots that is said to exist in the Boer forces, for the sole pur- pose of picking off the English officers. ‘The Intest accounts show that seventy almost un- erring shots have been detailed to begin this work at. the expiration of the. prevailing armistice. ‘Che percentage of officers Killed ounded has been unusually large. Any Engtish officer is usually a man. of good social connections, and: when he falls there is sorrow in homes high up in’ the socal seale. ‘The fall of sucha noxin, in, fact, tells wonderfully. ‘I'nere is no.sayting how much the death of Sir George Colleyshad, toda with the calling of a truce. When famous soldiers begin to fall right and left, shot down by a fue who only reveals his place of concealment for a moment by the crack and the puff of his deadly. rif le, the English wince, and havea dawning idea that a little reason may ve less costly than a great deal of sucha war. No man knows this Better than Aylward, and It is to be hoped by every lover of freedom that his knowledge may serve his new-found friends well.” ———a EDISON. He Leaves His Laboratory and Be- comes a Business-Man—Compantes Being Organized in Several Citios— Awalting the Action of the Aldermen Leasing the Morgan Iron Works. ‘New York Sun, March 15, The building No. 65 Fifth avenue: has an aristocratic exterior. Its spacious halls are frescoed, and its brown-stone front is carved and chiselied in the chaste style peculiar to Fifth avenue. On Saturday afternoon Mr. Thomas A. Edison sat in a back room on the first floor of this edifice, with his feet cocked. upon a writing-desk. “His tace was clean- shaved. A shining beaver was perched on his head, and he was pufling a fragrant cigar. Le was urrayed in nubby attire, presenting a marked contrast to his usual appearance in Menlo Park. “T have left the laboratory,” said he, “and am now a man of business. The electric light is perfected in all iis branches, and I am bending all my time and energies to its introduction to the public. There will be no bulling and bearing of the stock. There will be no freezing out of stockholders, nor rings in the Board of Directors. There will be no construction. companies to eat up the profits that belong to the shareholders. AJ! branches of the business are in pur hands. We have our own Jamp manutfactories, we make our own generators, and manufacture our own service-pipes and conductors. We have leased the Morgan Iron-Works from John Roach for the manufacture of pipes through which to lay our wires, and before many years you will see the light in general use. Weare forming companies in various cities, taking part of the stock ourselves. We shall deal onsy with men of capital and repu- tation, and there will be no shenanagin. The parent company will lay the plgnt in each city, and hold a tight rein. Slreaily we have’ taken steps toward the introduction of the light in Newark, Chicago, Detrolt, Toronto, Cincinnati, Washington, and other cities.” “What fs the trouble in New York?” we asked, “The trouble here,” he replied, “ fs that we are awaiting the permission of the Com- mon Council to lay down our wires. We had a resolution before the old Board, but through political squabbles the Board ran out of ex- istence before action could, be taken. The new Council has at last organized, an en broken up into committees, and permission to lay down our wires will probably be saught at the next meeting. Some of our Directors anticipate difficulty in obtain- Ing the required permission, but I think time will demonstrate their mistuke. We claim to be public benefactors. We offer the householders a better and a cheaper light than gas, and pledge ourselves to putin all the fixtures and furnish the light for a specl- fied the free of charge, and to remove it if it is not satisfactory. Mac, hand me that book,” > A long volume, resembling a check-book, was passed to the inventor. It was fitted with printed blanks to be presented to each householder, and signed by the officers ot the Company, who pledge themselyes to do as above stated. In further conversation Mr. Edison alluded to the recent action of the Detroit Common Council, He said that the ordinance passed by that body was perfectly satisfactory to the Company. As it probably indicates what is wanted in New York a copy is here given: It ls hereby ordained by the. Common Council of the Uity of Detrutt: Szctron 1. That consent, permission, and au- thority are hereby given, granted, und duly. vested in the Edison Electric Lignt Company of Detroit, its succussors uud assigns, body cor- orate orgunized under theluws of the State of Michigun, relative to the orgunization ot manu- facturing companies, to lay pipes, mains, con- ductors, und service-pipes in uay of the streets, avenues, alleys, public parks, and squares throughout enid efty, sublect, however ‘at ath times to any and all restrictions und regulations hereinafter imposed. Sec. 2. The suid corporation sball do no injury to uny strect, avenue, alley, bine, park. or pub- lic square, nor to any sbide-trees, nor in any inanner disturb or interfere with ‘any’ water or gas-pipes, nor with any public or private sewer, Now or herenfter laid or constructed by any au- thorized person or corporation. Seg. 3. The main pipes of said corporation shall be lnid in streets and avenues In a parallel with tho curb line thereof, und within three treet of the curbstone, or where the curbstone should be, and to a depth not exceeding two fect, It is especinily required that ull service-pipes used by suid corporation shall be connected only with amain laid in the alley or at tne side of the Street nearest to the building or premises into which it fs desired to conduct such service- pipes. Suc.4. Atleast twenty-fourhours defure open- ing any street. alley, or other public space, the said corporacion shail notify the Borrd of Puv- lic Works in writing of such intentions, stating the pluce where and the objects tor waich suca opening isto be made; and in the opening or retilling of ull openings made as aforesaid, tho relaying of pavements, and all orher work nee. essary to the complete restoration of the streets, paveinents, sidewalks, or ground, to an equal. ly wood condition as when disturbed, the suid company or its servants or employes shall be under the supervision of the Bonrd of Puolic Works or its authorized agent; and shall promptly comply with any order or resolution of said Board or §t3 agent, or of the Commun Council in reference thereto. Nor shalt any street, avenue, or pubti¢ space be allowed to re- mitfa ‘open or incumbered for u longer period than shall be necessury to execute the work tor wh.ch tho same bus been opened; and the Board of Public Works or Common Council may der- termine the quesuoa of suck necessity. 1t ts especially provided that tu all eases where work requires the exercise of skill.us in the laying or relaying of pavements or sidewalks, the cor- poration shail employ none but skilled workmen, fumiliar with the execution of such work. It shalt be optional with the city authorities to restore the curtt and reluy the pavements in streets and other places, when co taken up by said corporation at the expense of said corporn- tion, but the expense of such work shall not ex- ceed the netuat cost thereof. Sxv. 5, The expense of the city or of the Board of Public Works in the emptoyment of an azent to carry out tho provisid&s.of the preceding sec- tions shal be a proper charge agitinst said cor- poration, and such expense shalt be paid by suid corporation un a voucher or bill duly vertitied by suid Bord. Sxe. 6. Said corporation shall at ‘alt times be subject to the city ordinances now in existence or which may berenfter be passed relative to tho use of the public streets or other public especiully as to putting up lights and at und around excavauuns eC. 7. The rignt to »mend. alter, or repeul this ordinance is hereby reserved, 8, This ordinance shail take effect when corporation shail have fied with the City Clerk g written aceeptance of the sane and shall exeente a good and sufficient bond to tho City of Detroit in the sum of }. to be approved by the Common Council, aud cond?- tloned for the faithful performance of the terms of the ordinance. _W. G. Iitostpsus, Mayor. Approved Feb. 28, 1881, + Several eminent citizens of Detroit, sub- scribed for the stock. “Mr. Joy, who placed Blaine’s name in nomination for the Presi- deney at Chicago,-was among them. As he was, nbout to sign his name to the document, Mr. Mackenzie, Edison’s agent, produced a bulb lamp, connected with two small wires, which he connected with the wires of a stock indicator. ‘The gas was then turned off, and before Mr. Joy had his pen in the ink the carbonized horseshoe threw an_ opalescent light over his paper. We signed the docu- ment by the soft glow of the electric light, and marveled greatl. ‘The Company's building to be lighted with electri in Fifth avenue is ity this week. Lt is not the first building in the city, however, in which the lightis used. Four floors of the house +9 and 451 Water street, occupied by Minds, Ketcham & Co.. printers in colors, are nizhtly illuminated d: Edison’s incandescent light. Theelec i is generated by a special dynamo-electric machine on the premises. ‘The proprietors say that the light the true substi- 13, tute for daylight, showing all colors in their They vite everybody to call of the electric natural hues, and see the subdivision current and the vacuum lamp. They have used the light nearly six weeks. None of the carbonized horseshoes have given out. alee : EVANSTON. - The rural politicians are already beginning to scheme with reference to the coming vil- lage election. Three Trustees are to be elect- ed in place of Trustees Cosgrove, Crocker, and Frost, deceased, The chief strife will be over the office of Village Clerk. ‘The candi- dates who have already announced then selves are W.I. McGarry, the present incum- bent, J. S. Connell, and P. 8. Webster. Both the latter are students. Some other ‘names -are being quietly pushed forward, and they will be announced in due season. Prof. H. BF. Fish has arrived home, after an extended sojourn at Clifton, N. Y.. and other Eastern places. He is much improved in health, and hoves to take the mastof his regular work In the University during the remainder of the year. Judge Tourgee will deliver his lecture in the Students’ Lecture Course April 14. The Rey. George C. Noyes, D. D., hag re- ceived a eall to the Chancellarship of the Western University at Pittsburg, Pa. It is uot yet Known whether he will accept or not. fi call for a meeting of the residents of the - village Tuesday evening, in Union Hall, at 7330 o'clock, for the purpose of forming a Village Improvement Society, has been issued and signed by some of the solidest men in the village and by a number of best ladies. The Orchestral Concert to be held to-mar- row evening in the Methodist Church will be certainly a must classical and enjoyable affair, “The train that usually goes south at 9345 will be held until 10:10,'so as to accom= modate those who come from the city. ~ The Rev. George C. Noyes, D. D., will reach this morning and evening in the lethodist Chureh. The Rev. George R. Pierce will. preach at Hhetisual services in the Baptist Church to~ ‘The Rev. A. W. Patten will preach in the, Presbyterian pulplt morning and evening. * The Rev. Frederick S. Jewell will preach! this morning and evening in St Mark’ Episcopal Chureh. The Rey. A. J. Scott will preach this morn-. ine and eyening in the Congregatlonalt ST. JACOBS OIL. ! rc ra THE \ ll | GREAT GERMAN | AH TA F REMEDY | iy RREUMATISM, NEURALGIA, SCIATICA, ~ LUMBAGO, _ BACKACHE, 1GounT, SORENESS ormn CHEST, g SORE THROAT, QUINSY, SWELLINGS as EARS, BuRNS ‘aap SCALDS, H General Bodily Pains, # TOOTH,EAR “ise HEADACHE, HAUL OTBER Paty ‘No Preparation on earth equals St. Jacons Ott an 8 sayz, fone, siuriz and cnar External Remedy. 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FOLDING BEDS. he Bar Folding Bell f Handsome and comfortable. 15 giles, einen a eet STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS. Ofice ofthe Chicago, Burington & Quincy Railroad Co, Cutcago, Feb. 23, BL To THE STOCKHOLDERS: Notice is hereby siven that, pursuant to the by-laws of the Compuny, the annual meeting uf the stuckhold~ erso€ the Chicayo, Burlington & Quincy {attroad Company will be beta at the office of the Company In ‘bicnzo, Lil, un Wednesday, the Wrh day of Purpose of Ti, at ti o’eiuek in the forencon, for the electing Directors tur the ensulnix year, an netion of any uther business that may 7 befure the miveting. By order of the 4 of Di~ Tectors. JOHN SN. A. GRISWULD, Chairman of the Board, SCALES. Prinunnns ‘STANDARD SCALES ‘OF ALL KINDS. FAIRBANKS. MORSE & OO, B 111 & 113 LakeSt,, Chicago, Becarefultobuyoaly the Genuine. EDUCATIONAL, ~~ NMGENEOM ACADEMY, ~ for pupils of both sexes, 12. 1. RABCUCK, Chieaxo. GEO. H. TAYLOR & CO,, Successors to Cleveland Paper Coy + 163 & 165 Dearborn-at. 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