Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 23, 1881, Page 4

keo THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE SUNDAY, .JANUARY 23, 1881—SIXTEEN PAGES. is an’ indication " that the think their clients’ ‘conduct -and speeches wers justifisble and within the law, The casé will probably be given to the jury to- morrow, after Judge Fitzgerald’s charme. Nobody expects.a verdict for the Crown. The general jmpression is- that there willbe a disagreement of the jury. .When, Gavan Duffy was. tried, in 1819, one of ‘the jurors in the: case snid he wonld-ent+ his Doots rather than agree to'a verdict for the Crown. IHence “boot-eater™ came to mean ajuror who will not convict. The Dublin paperssay there are nine “boot-eaters™ in the Parpell jur; Thye Tribmue, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. ‘OSTAGY: PREPAID. 12.0¢ BY MAIL~IN ADVANCE R Speinen coplos acat free. Gigp Posl-Ofica address In full, ineluding County 2nd Raze. fewlttances mas bo made Ather by dratt, oxpress, Post-Olice rcer, O fa recistered lotter; AL Our risk. TO CITY SUBSCLIBERS. Dally. detiverad, Sunday cxoeptod, 23 cents per woek. Taily, dclivered, Sundsy incinded, 30 cents yer week. ddress THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘Coracr Madison xné Dearvorn-sts.. Chicago, Il NOTWITHSTANDING that every man in New York who knows anything about telegraphic repairsor construction has been put to work- to repair the damage done tho wires jn that city and vicinity during the storin of Friday, it is scarcely probable that telegraphic com- munication betwten New York and the West will be restored within the nest two weeks. The storm secms to have been unprecedentedly severe and destructive. The New-Yorkers may derive some consola- ‘tion from learning that they aregot the only sufferers from bad weather. ‘Lhero was an- other great snow-storm in England and Ire- lana, accompanied by intense cold, yester- day, and the South of France has been swept by & destructive gale, Not less than fifty smacks are said to have been wrecked on the Mediterranean coast, : ——— Tme war between Chili and Pera has long % galsieinc Eitered ot tha Post-Ofice al. Chicago, Tily oy Second Class Matter. Forthe benefit ef 0ur parons who desire to send einglo copies 6f THE TEIBCNE throuzh the mall, we give herewith the tracsient ratp of postage: iye Page Faper-, Figkt and Twelye Pago b e ey Eight and Twelve Page Papel ixzeon Page vape: TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. VY CRIGAGD TRINUNE hns establishod braoch offices for the receipt ol subscriptions sad adveriise ents as fotjow: . NEW YOUK—Room 2 Tribune Building. F.{. MC- “ADDES, Matagor. s GOV 0 lwrs Amenican New since lost its orizinal purpose, and has now A opon ¥ ‘f;.’;mm Excbange, 40 Etrand. | become one of conquest. The superior foree HEsny AzcoL and wmilitary éxperience of Chili have given W ASIILNGTON, D. C.—~1319 F stroot. . it great advantage over the less warlike but rm— none.the less patrotic Peruvians. The Chili- ans have now captured Lima, the' Pernvian Capital, and are in possession of it.- So far in the war, whenever Chili has captured Peruvian territory, it placed a Chilian Goy- ENIGHTS OF xo. y A gpueial mecting will be hold ut S o'clock 'LE? _LODGE, . i . T, =437 (Sunduy) 10 take action upon the deth B Brotnor Joseph A Copolund.. il meubers: aro ~ oo funeral How n g R R ¥ Ui eilor Cotmmundor. | ernment over it, and s ina manner anncxed £ GILAERT A 0 R snd 5 itto Chill. Whether it will now undertake ta annex all Peru will soon be determined. The war has been a cost]y one, and the saeri- fice of life bas been very great, souetinics D. W, WOOD, the conflict being of a brutal characler. At w"‘t"l‘%‘égfi:’r&"' Seemam, present the appearances nre that Peru will be L. Hem- | reduced to tho condition of a conquered Province of Chili, and out of this will, of course, follow occasional revolutions and civil wars, It would be a movement in the cause of humanity for the nations of tho world to arrest this war, which is out of all proportion to the original pretext therefor. INBOW LODGE, NQ. 4, 1. 0. 0. F.~There will bn"vfi\lkxisflauon under the new dispensation in hall n; Hainbow 'u.bl‘(!n. 40, 1. “':L\ll:;‘n“i:y'-‘?u:ar'rfr;&l CORINTHIAN CHAPTER, NO.@, R. A. M.~Stated 0 evening, Jan. 24 at 7:30 o'clock. S nd KA egroes. Viaiing ; or. companions are neiad Y WARRINGTON, IL P. 3. 0. DICKERSOY, Secroiars. AMONG the bills proposed in the Legisla- ture is the one which failed (o pass two years ago having for its object the consolidation of the three towns into which Chicago is di- vided, and making themn one district for the assessment and collection of taxes. Thereis 1o more reason for having three Town Gov- ernments than there is for having three City Governments. At present each town is blessed with an Assessor, a Collector, a Su- pervisor, and a Clerk to manage the “ town ” affalrs of different parts of the city. The re- sultis a want of uniformity in the assess- ment or valuations of property, and the in- Justice which is inevitable when assessments of vproperty for taxation are irregular and made upon widely different systems. The CHEVALIET. BAYARD COMMANDERY, U, D. E"lfir‘;’l}““ TEMPLAR—Special Conclave, for work, Wodnesdas, Aith ineL, & p._m. ot lome Locas Iall 144 fl"(ull,"xflg:fl}_ L{n "‘flcllflml k-;:l e&fl wels Eiminont Commander. . R e e A et rer. EXCELSIOR ENCAMPMENT, XO. (65, 1.0 0, F. Al Pasriarchs are ordered i@ aghearin fatigua dross Bithetent, cornar Clark and \Washiniton-sta. next ¥riday evaning, i’lflf %Io{;lmfgr‘lm business. Vis- orde Seribe. ™ &%, pARKINS, C. P LAFAYETTE CHAPTER, NO. 2 R. A. M.~Hall 70 Monroe-sL—Stated Convocntion Monday evening, -{l}"‘. ;J{ oy . 'X..CIMLIB’ODéL‘“"l,".‘ “fl,la fl’f‘ Degree. isiti mpanions wel 3 el et WAL T FORSYRL M E. L P WAL J. BRYAR, Steroiars. CHICAGO COMMANDERT, NO. 18. KNIGHTS BTt M el don 1, iting Sir icaigars courteGusly tavited. By order of | Valuation of property in this city should bo the Eminent mmsnder. BAER: E5 all done by one ofticer, so that all the proper- ) 2200 o " | tv should be valued upon the same general rating, and free from any local bias es to “Sides” or “Divisions.” The pending bill Pproposes to reduce these three corps of of- ficersto one,—that is, that there shall be one Assessor, one Collector, one Supervisor, and one Clerk for the whole city. Of coubss there will be a protest against this by the men who seck these offices and who dis- tribute the large patronage attached to them. But we do not understand that the people of this city are to be taxed to continue several costly and useless offices for no other reason than to provide places for useless officers, It Isto be hoped the Legislature will find time to consider and pass ihis bill. “APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO.1 ENIGHTS TEM- LA mfll’oi’fll :!: no glfl‘?:ll\‘li Tnllltleg E‘\."Ealllnfl» i r of tho Eminent Commander. S T S SUNDAY, JANUARY 25, ISSL A WasmNGTON telegram says that Justico Swayne of the United States Supreme Court Wil resign this week, and that Stanley Matthews, of ‘Ohio, will be nominated his successor. Txe House of Representatives at Washing- ton yesterday adopted the report of the Elec- tion Commiitee in the . Bisbee-Ifull case, and Mr. Bisbee imunediately after took the oath. = Any case in which a fire involving a loss of less than §50,000 results in the injury of twenty-one men,~sowme fatally, others for life, and all seriopsly.—warrants an in- ference of criminal nexlect for which some- body should be held responsible. In the burning of Mayer & Co.’s furniture factory on Canal street Friday evening, whera twen. ty firemen and one policeman were bruised, and maimed, and nearly killed, such an in- ference becomes a plain matter of fact upon investigation. This, structure, which has been standing eight or niue “years, was a mereshell, and the danger came from the fraudulent conceaiment of the fact by sur- rounding the frame structure with a vencer- ing of brick. It presented'the appearance of 2 solid wall, whereas it wasnothingmore than asingle layer of bricks, piled one on top of the other, whicl, at the very moment the in- terior supports were burned away, crum- bled to the ground without warning. It was impossible for firemen to work upon the fire in a sufficiently proximate position to be use- ful without subjecting themselves to peril, The erection of such a building as this ought to subject the owner or bullder to eriminal prosecution. If it was constructed soon aftdr the fire of 1871, and while every house was being rushed up for proposed temporary oceupation, then it should have been aban- doned and torn down longago. But, even under such circumstances, there was no ex- cuse for surrounding the structure with a mere scmblance of brick wall. It should have shown itself from the exterior to be the mere {rame shell it and the addition of a single row of brickéwon the outside only contributed greater danger by reason of the deception, without adding any sateguard against fire, The whole trouble resolves itself into the inefiiciency of building fuspection and a chronic neglect of the enforcement of the fire ordinances in this city. It may be that the law itself i3 not strict enough in its terms, but any improvement In this partien- lar is wuseless until- the present injunc- tions shall be enforced. Thers is prob- aply mot a simgle meighborhood in this city where the residents canpot point to some flagrant violation of the fire ordi- nauce. Buildings are constantly being erect~ ed which do not comply with the most ObviousTequirements for protection against fire and the ecrumbling of walls, Frame buildings are frequently removed from one Jocality to some other within the city Iimits, ~2 proceeding that ought to be prohibited absolutely. There are cases almost every day where barns are bullt ynder the exemp- tion of sheds, and where sheds are extended o menacing proportions. And one of the most frequent metliods for evading the in- tention and purpose of the fire ordinance is this very veneering of brick which proved to be so disastrous in this Canal street fire, There should be a special and thorough in- spection of buildings with the purpose of as- certaining and exposing every structure ‘Which threatens other property and human life by such a frand as. this, and every such structure shoutd be condemnied 2s a public nuisance and a menace to Dpublic safety, and razed to the ground. % _We do not see how the Common Councit ean avoid taking specinl notice at jts very next meeting of the subject which the Canhi Street fire suggests. If it had not been for the accidental intervention of & pile of Ium- I~ returning Ithanks for his reslection as President of the Chamber of Deputies, AL Gambett2 intimated that the Government in- tended during tHe present session to intro- duce measures for the repeal of the laws Testricting freedom of the press, and also the law prohibitinz public meetings of a cer- tain eharacter. This is an indication that Af, Gambetta and his colleagues have come to the conelusion that France ought to be a Re- public in fact as well as in name. —— ¥ consequence of tho efforts of the coal- mine owners of Lancaster (Eng.) to contract themselves out of responsibility under the Employers’ Liability act, passed last session, the miners, 1o the number of 50,000, struck work about ten days ago. Some of them re- turned to work last weck, and the efforts of the outstanding strikers to prevent tliem from continutng work have led to serious disturbances at Skelmersdale, Wigan, and Preston. The strikers have had several con- flicts with the police, and the troops bhave been called into requisition to quell the dis- turbances. 4 Iris rumored in London that Mr. Glad- stone will be raised to the Peerage under the title of Lord Hawarden (pronounced Har- den). In this event the Jarquls of Harting- ton will become leader of the Liberal party in the Commons, which, however pleasant and agrecable to the Whig section, will not be at all satistactory to the Radicals.. Mr. Gladstone doubtless feels unequal to the task of leading a m divided party in op- positien to the Irish rreconcilables,” Lord Randoloh Churchill’s ¢ fourth party,” and Joseph Cowen's Radical followers. Ife will retire to the more dignified and stupid as- sembly, which he and Lord Beaconsfield may oscasionally arouse by thefr oratorical tilts, M. PETER RYLANDS, the Radical mem- ber for Buraley (Eng.), moved a resolution in the Commons last night pronouncing the annexation of the Transvaal impolitic and unjustifiable. Alr. Gladstone, while not de- fending the aunexation, safd that British 2uthorlty should be redstablished in tho Transvaal beforo the Goverumentwould con- sider the elaims of the Boers to autonomy. Mr. Grant Duff, UnderSecretary for the Colo- nies, said that it was the intention to give the Boers self-government ns soon as they ac- Jmowledged. the supremacy of hier Majesty, Afr. Rylands’ motion was then rejected by a voleof 120 to 33, Itis evident that the Glad- stone Minfstry wants only a pratext to come 20 terms with the Boers, Serscaxt Henoy, n addressing the jury in the Parnell casc in the Irish Court of Queen’s Bench yesterday, accused the tra- versers-of departing from the O'Connellite policy, as embodied in the assertion that lib- erty is not “worth the shedding of human Dblood”; he also claimed that the counsel for tbe defense had shirked dealing with the evi- dence,. and. wound up with an argument against Home Rule. He held that Irishmen should share in the government of the * glorious British Emplre which they had belped to build up.” Serjeant Heron has doubtless a lively appreciation of favors . 20 come. The :fact that the ' counsel [ for the “defendants: .did .mot seek controvert the festimony for the ‘ing Tospection should be “should be made, to feel responsible for neg- ;| in regard to the West Part: ber, which partially bre the force of the crumbling bricks, all the fireinen engaged In work upon the fire would have been killed outright, The Common Counci: cannotman- ifest indifference to such n.cu!\dilien.of things without sharing responsibility for tha manslaughter. There arc numerous ather buildings in Chicago of precisely the same character and threatening the sauie terzlble results. The Department of Build- specifienlly instructed to make .n thorough exam- ination and report all similarly con- structed buildings as dangerous. Prompt actfon should be takeu to scoure the destrue-’ tion of all such shells. It is criminal to allow thom to ‘stand. any Jonger. Moreover, the whole subject of building inspection should be investigated, and the Alayor and his staif lect of this matter in a degree which they do not now seem to apprehend. It is simply in- fumous that the firemen, whose duties are arduous and perilous enough under the most favorable conditions, should be subjected to specinl and unneeessary daugers by violation of common prudence, or neglect on the part of the proper authoritiesto enforce the fira ordinances. ° ELECTING PARK COMMISSIONERS. ‘The bill introduced by Mr, Sexton, of this county, into the State Legislature, which pro- vides that the Liocoln Park Commissloners shallbeelected by the pepple,~two from Lake View and three from North Chicago,—is a measure which s not entitled to serfous con- sideration. The suggestion is gratuitous, and the project wholly bad. 1t is a scheme to Introduce ward politics and bummer in- fluences Into the munngement of a trust fund and the control of my cstablishment which requires at onco estliatic taste and finanefal ability. In a general way, the senti- ment of thinking men and the taxpayers of the community is that there are now too many electlonsand too many eleetive oflicers, ‘The substantial zud responsible ciasses are ovposed to increasing the number of elective privileges in any direction. Al- ready the lufluence of the men “who own mno property and pay no taxes upon the disposal of other, people’s imoney is too large for the cconomical, and beneficlal, and equitable taanagement of munieipal affairs. But the control of a park system, which the taxpayers pay for and support mainly for the benefit of non-tax- payers, is the very last privilege which should be"subjected to the uncertain and arbitrary decree of a popular vote. If the honest verdict of the masses could be relied upon in all eases, such au exercise of power as the election of Park Comumissioners by popular vote might be more safely trusted, though even then the procedure would bo illogleal and unfair to the taxpayers. But it Is the notorlous experience of politics that the nominations are determined by party considerations, trading and log-rolling, cau- cusing and solicitation, and. by cliques, bum- mers, and sharp practlces, which defeat the popular sentiment and purgose. So long as the appointment to these places of trust re- mains in the hands of the Governor, or is subject to the clioice of n few men like tho Judges of the Courts acting together, there is a personal responsibility about the selec- ton which is calculated 1o exercise proper restraint and consideration for the honest, capable, and falthful administration of the trust. Al this will disappear whenever the trust shall be transferred to ward caucuses, which neither entertain thesense of responsi- bility nor possess the power of removal in case of error in the selection. A bill to make the Lincoln Park Commissioners electiveofii- cers would soon be followed by like actioy nd South Park Commissioners, for there is just as mucl rea- son for such a course in the case of the other parks as that of Lincoln Parlk. Uuder the vresent system of management Lincoln Park has been developed to gieater matui- ity than the other parks: 1t fs by all odds the most beautiful and attractive of all the projected parks of the city, as well as the must central and aceessible. Nothwg within our knowledge has transpired which de- mands any change in the system of manage- ment; and, if any were needed, certainly it should not be such a change as Mr, Sexton proposes. ‘The bill is contrary to public in- terests, and should be laid aside without cer- ewmony. THE JURY BY5TEM. The problem of how to reconcile the tight of trial by jury with an. honest administra-_ tion of justice is now a perpicxing one. ‘The difficulty exists mainly fn large cities. In the rural districts time is not so valuable as itis in the cities, and, tho litigation being much less, there is but little diflicuity in finding reputable men willing to give the brief tithe' requited of them to serve as Jurors. Inacitylike Chicago the case fs differant. Out of 0,050 voters.it is difficult o tina com- petent and eligible men enough to serve the several Courts of the city. Mr. Shufeldt, in a communication pub- lished in Tue Trizuvne yesterday, states that we have in this county thirteen nist Drius Judges, eizht of whom are runging jury trials, and that the time of the eivil courts is taken up with cheap, inconsequen- tial litigation. In the Supetior Courtsince 1860 thero have been 75,000 suits, and in the Cireuit Court since 1871 over 55,000, aud, jn- cluding the County Court, over 120,000 civil suits in all. It requires 200 jurors in con- stant attendance for these Courts atan ex- Dbense of $400 per day. He states as a reason Wwhy our jurles have become unsafe and dangerous as part of our Judicial system the following: Business-men, It fs gaid, sbirk jury duty,which In consequence hits been dischargod by n'get of Bungzers-on ubout tho Courts, who tnik o 1 vy by thio pructice, Many of thete men are forelgn~ £1s Who cunnot read and do not understand tho luneunge. Others aro ignorant, and stitl Gthors mendacious and viclous. So jurors are bought and sold, and Justice Fpervericd and distoreed. Business-men, “men of charueter and intelli- gonce, cannot afford to hang ubowt tho Courts forn month to settle X5 aud $30 dicputes hoo Lween purties who ought to settle them them- sefves, and they should not be required to do it 1t should bo suflicicut if tho community pro- Sides :.n?“.]u;n{‘ iond partics snuuldhbe cam- o furnish tholr own jurors if Ritog jats Jurors if they went A compiaint made by the same twriter is that that we have too much litlzation, and that one great cause of this is its cheapriess, This is because the public, the great mass of whom have no litization, furnish the ma- chinery of litigation to the litigious free of cost. Illinoissupports more Courtsand more Judges than the whole Kingdom of Great Britain, It is claimed that if we adopted the system elsewhere in operation, by which the man in the wrong is compelled to pay alt the costs of the man in the right, then men would be moroe careful in bringing suits, and there would be less necessity for so many Courts, and eases could be tried promptly, and justice obtained in & reasonable time. Tho reform for the. present jury evil is stated to be, to abolish the ‘general ‘right of trial by jury. Let all civil coses be tried by, the one intelli- Rent ‘Judge on the beneh, instead -of the twelve ignorant men in the box. If any per- son have a case in which he wants a trial by jury, let him demand it when he institutes <=is sult,. or files his defensé, and Day into court the costs of the jury., It Is denled that there Is auy justification for taxing the public with the per diem of twelve men to serve as jurors to determine the merits of o suit for . debt between two Drivate citizens. There is no more justice in conpelling the lic to pay the costs’ fees of jurors in o matter of private litiga- ton than there would'be in compelling the public to pay the lawyers and Wwitnesses of the litigants fn the samo ease. There is some foree in these voints. How- far the State has the power to make parties demanding jury trials to pay into conrt be- fore the ial & sum sufiicient fo. cover the per diem of the jurors, we cannot say. The Constitution declares that the rightof trial by, Jury shall remain inviolate in all cases, civil s well ascriminal, Thath jurymay bewaived by consent there is no doubt, but whetherthe Tight of trial by jury in any case can be made dependent upon the payment of the fees of the jury before tha trial is a question per- haps of some doubt.. We believe litigants now are compelled when- they bring suit to deposit certain fees of the Clerk and of the Sheriff before the writ will -be issued or served, and it mny be-that the right of trial by jury can be subordinated to the prior de- posit in court of the cost of the jury. ltis possible that such a chango in the lnw would result in a reduction of litigation, end es- pecially a reduction in.the numpber of jury trials in the civil courts, and consequently ina proportionate’ reduction.in the scandals and abuses of the jury system. _ THE BUTTER FRAUDS. Tuk TRIBUNE of: yesterday contained the nawes of a long line of persons and firms engaged in the commission business, each of whom has pledged himselfto discountenanca bogus butter. They have agreed neither to manufacture nor denl in the adulterated article, whether the stme be branded suine, butterine, oleomargarine, or otherwise. ‘The prowise is good. The signers of the document undoubtedly mean to adhere to it. ‘They will so adhere if the public sustain them in the position they have taken, Other- wise, being only human, some of them will break the pledge, and the others will follow in self-defense, It is for the consuming public to determine the event, after all. They have been thoroughly warned of the dangdr that lurks within the fraudulent butter-tub; ahd Jies hidden in the anti-huff cheese. They have been’ amply informed through the columns of Tur TRIBUNE of the vicious means, materials, and processes used by some of the manufacturers, if not by all. They know Dby this time that in cdurttenanélng tho cheat they would be only holding the daor open for the perpetration of even viler adulterations than have yet been resorted to,—for this, like all other kinds of wrong-doing, can only continue to prosper by going from bad to worse. Tle modern nicthods of refinement permit the deleterlous disguising of such filthy material that the only safety lics in letting all Imita- tions severely “alone. ‘They should bo avoided asone would shrink from contact With a scorpion. 4 1t should not be forgotten that the fraud is not lessened by the manufacturer brand- ing the packages with certain words which lot the first purchaser know that the stuif is an Imitation.” The fraud comes in a little later; that is all the difference, All butan insignificant proportion of the whole, and that only accidentai, goes Into consumption asthe pure article. The men and worien Wwho actually eat it ayenot informed that it is othor than what it appears to be. ‘The Testaurant-keeper who puis before his cus- tomers bogus butter or aduiterated milk will Tnevor aduit the fact. The grocer can always bo found to warrant 1t as a strictly pure article, and to assume the air of a man injured by the mere intimation that he could stoop to countenance a fraud. Thereis Tot one mother in téfl. thousand who would knowingly bring, inte the house, for con- sumption by her children, any of the bogus stuff. That she buys it atall is simply be- cause the imitation is soskillfulas to ‘decelve, and she depends on the superior commerclal knowledgo of the seller to protect her from adulteration, A little less of this confiding trust is now in order. The cousuming public want to strengthen the hands of the men who have un- dertnken toprotect them. The motives of these merchants may be seliish. T'hese gentiemen are undoubtedly able to foresee utter demor- alization to our magnificent butter trade if recent practices be allowed to continue. But they none the less deserve to besustained, be- causethey ave working for the best interests of the people in resolving not to be parties to a swindle upon the wlole conumunity, PEW AND PULPIT, Oliver Wendell Holmes, the brilliant es- snyist and poet, and most genial and loving of all our humorlsts, though now well ad- vanced into an honorabla old age, isstill busy with his pen. Though he has reached A tim@*vhen most men love to rest, and drop all'the work they can, hispen isas busy as ever, and each succeeding contribution from it shows no diminution of his intellcctual power, while his humor even grows more kindly aud his charity broader. Dickens’ rather crabbed eriticism of the youth of old age, as illustrated by Little Nell's grand- father, and his attempt to show that thera is no similarity between it and- the youth of boyhood, is confuted by the case of Dr. Holmes, whose whitened hairs and burden of years have not extinguished his freshness, buoyaney, and plquancy, but on the other hand have added to their zest and sparkle, as age mellows the good wine, In all Dr. Molmes' writings there Is nothing mors azreeable, delightful, liberal, or ehari- table than Lis recent paper in the North Anférican. Review entitled “The Pew and the Pulpit,” though it contains nine parts of pulpit to one of pey. It seems to be diflicult in thesa Intter days for the scientific world to write about ministers without prejudice, without the ¥ belleve as I do or be damned,” or without siying some ungentle if not ma- liclous thing avout the profession; but Dr. Holmes, through all His broad DAgLs, never utters an ungracious’ word. On the other hand, though he evidently believes that in many directions the pew is ahead of the pul- pit,and he himself has no sympathy with what may be termed the hardshell, iron- bound orthodoxy, no minister can read this essay without feeling a sense of thankfnl- ness to him, and recognizing in him astal- wart defender of his' high and honorable office. Dr. Holmes’ opening assertion is one of whichtny minister ought to be proud, and it may oceasion a feeling of agreeable surprise also as coming from .one of our leaders in scientific thought, for that class is not apt to concede the highest anil best intellectuality or wmades of thought, much less liberality, to the pulpit. But Dr. Holmes broadiy asserts: **From the settlement of the country to the present time the ministers have furnished the highest type of charncter to the people among whom they have lived. They have lost to a considerable ‘extent the position of leaders, but if they nr-in our times rather to be looked upon as reépresentatives of their cougregations they represent what is best among those of whom they are the speaking organ.” Thislshigh praise, and all the more acceptable beecause it' 1s unqualified. . Ie 1makes 1o account of unworthy ministers, of the black sheep which are to be found in every fold, mor does be even throw out o hing “that there may be vretension and hypocrisy in the pulpit, Just 53 10 writing of his own professlon he would not lower its dignity . by even admitting that there are quacks and impostors in it e as- sumes a high and, noble ideal, and fie shows ‘what It has done for the world by eopious il- lustrations of the many functions that minis- ters have exercised outside their pulplts, in the world of art, sclence, litetature; and poll- tics, and even in the Liomely dutics, in- dustrles, and amenities of life. In this di- Tectfon his wide reading and ripe schiolarship have furnisted him wifh ample materlal, Which he uses fn his own elegant and grace- ful manner. o STt % In clevating the ministerial profession the Doctor also clevates his own by showingthat the healers of the body aud the henlers of the mind, instead of drifting apart,. ought to come closer togethor, as they can-bo bt mut- ual benefit to each other, while many cases which the ninister thinks are diseases of the soul ara in reality diseases of the mind -which can be- réached through treatment of the body. As it is now, the physician sometimes gots' “no ‘nearer the 'brain than the tongue, and no nearer the heart than the wrist,” and fails to help 2 pa- tient whose diseaso Is clearly within his ju- risdiction becnuse the minister is seeking to reach it with spiritual romedies which are powerless, The ouly comment which Dr. Holmes makes upon the pulpit in its relations to the pew s contained in the following sentence, which closes his interesting paper: “The pulpit has fong helped the world, aud is still one of the chief defenses against the dan- gers that threaten society, and it is worthy now, as It alwass lias been in its best repre- sentatlon, of all love and honor. Butmany of its professcd creeds imperatively demand revision, and the pows which call for i6 must be listened to, or the preach- er will, Dby and by, find. himself speaking to a congregation’ of bociless echoes.” While this' declaration’ contains high praise, the highest perhaps that can be given to’ any profession, it also containsa solemn note of warning that should be heed- cd all tho more because it comes from a writer of great ability, a man of extreme lberality and charity and freedom from prejudice, and a Christian gentleman whose lofty character as well as his intéllectual power has comnended him to the whole country. Itdoes not require much search among the latter-dny experiences of pulpit and pes to establish the truth of this warn- ing. The pulpit is unanswerable fn its place. It may utter what no one believes and pass unchallenged in the fold; but the pew is thinking for itself, and many times it progresses faster. than the .. pulpit. Congregations are quietly but rapldly changing. There are gecessions and break- ages in ahnost every fold, Sometimes the pew drifts Into skepticism; more often it wanders off into more agreesble, pastures, Sometimes it absents itself altogether, which helps™to acéount for the thinness of num- bers and the emptiness of treasury in so many churches. All other professions keep even pace with the march of the world, It is time for the pulpit to fall into line and exert its tremendous fufluence there, for it is not, us it was once, the leader. THE SENATE' AND THE PRESS, The Senate of the United States has again entered upon an often repeated, ‘but always profitless, experiment of trying to de- teet and punish the publication of public documents relating to matters pending in' secret Sessfon, It seems a copy of the treaty lately negotiated with China has found its way into the newspapefs before the slow-go- ing Senate had fairly got to work upon it. ‘The discussion In the Senate is of course celipsed by the discussion of the treaty in the press of the country, and loug before the Senate comes to a vole public: opinion throughout the “country will have been formed'and fully expressed. Vithout stop- ving at this time to consider the utility of having sceret sesslons of tho Senate at all, it is enough to say that the time has long sinca passed when secreey in legislation can be tolerated in this country. The fact that no effort has been made to abolish executive or seeret sessious of the Senate has been that practically such sessfons have ceased to be seeret. The netion, and even the yeas and mays of Semators, in the Senato during these sessions are published next day with as much regularity as are the praceedings of the regularsession. This has been more or less the case ever since Col. Benton, thirty years ago, published in the papers his spoeches made in executive ses- sion, and his right to do so could not be questioned. All the treaties made by the United States with forelan' Governments have been nade public during their consid- eration fn the Senatc, and the Senate has never failed to make-itself ridiculous by its abortive efforts to punish such publications. Inoneor two instancas it was guilty of op- pression, {f not cruelty, but it always failed to conviot any person of a violntion of the rules of the Senate. The reason for such fallure is due to the fact that no such viola- tion of the rules Nas ever taken place. Every newspaper man knows this to be true, but the Senate persistently insists that be- cause & document printed: in so-called con- fidence finds its way into the papers, there- fore somebody of necessity must have vio- fated tiat confidence. 'This is the impotent conclugion always adopted by the Senate, despite the fact that the rank nbsurdity of such conclusfon s patent to all other men. It is not likely that the present Investigation Will be any more successful than those which have preceded it. Its only result will be to establish how mistaken the Senate has been, and is, in its estimate df tho intelligence and integrity of the reporters for.the public bress. A 5 Astronomicar, Chieago (TRIBUSE office), north Iatitude 41deg. §2m.578.; west longitude 42m, 185. from Washington, and 5h. 50m. 20s. from Greenwich, Tho subjoloed table shows the time of Ing of the moon's lower limb, and the ofcial time for lighting tho first street-lnmpn cach oir- cuitin this oity, during tho coming week, unless ordered soaner on mccount of bad weather. Also the following times for extingufshing the first lamp: Lay. dfoan rises, Jan, 0:4736 a. m. The moon {s in her last to-day. She will be fu conjunction -with Mars Thursday night, and with the sun (now. moon) at &Ix minutes ufter midnight next Sunday morn- tng, « quartor at 2:374 n. m. Tho 5un's upper limb will risa on Monday at 7:10% 2. m., south ot 12m. 29.25s. P-m., and set at 5:05% p. m. 5 ‘The sun’s upper Himb rises Fridaynext at7:1015 2. m., souths at 18m. 18.6%s, p, m., and sets at 5:10% p. m. 8 The sidereal time Thy mean noon 20b. 23m. 33,863, e e Mercury will be in conjunction with tho sun about midofght next Tuesday. He will then be on the other side of tho sunas &een from the earth; and from that date Pass eastward till ‘Washington's birthday, ‘Venus is now a beilliant evening star, rivaling Jupiter in brightaess, During this week she will bea few degrees south from the brightest of the not very prominont stars which mark the placeof the Western Fish of the Zodiac. Shels maoving nofthward to cross the eeliptic a week Bence. £he s nearly in lne with Jupiter and Saturn, being the most ‘westeriy of the three. Sho will soutty Thursday at 3:06% p. m., and set 2t 8:50 p. m. < Mars will rise Thursday at 6:45 a. m. and south at10:15a. m. Ho rises about an bour and 2 half before the sup, and Is a not very bright objectin | oicers found cuilty of this oense. ent time, | applied for a patent to tho morning- twilight nearly 8 degrees morth from Sigma In Bagittarius, the brightest star in that constellation. ol Sl Jupiter will south Thursday at 4:28 p. m., and setat10:44p. m. At the end of the week he will be ‘nbout 253 degrees south ‘from Epsilon fo Pisces. To-morrow night, from 8:44 till tho time of setting, the first and thivd sateliites will bots bo behind the pinnct. In answer toa question with refcrence to possible ocoultations’ | by Jupiter, we wnuy State tbat about 8 n. m., Feo. 3, the planct will bo .in con- jpmetion .with ¢ Piscium, but the phe- npmonon will not be visible from this prrt of the earth’s surface. Fev. 17 the planet will Lo 18 minutes of are south from No. §8 Piscium. The evening of March ¥ dnpiter will be 51 minutes nortn from No. 83 Piscium; and on the night of Mareh 26 he will bo only 57 min- utes north from Omleron .Pisclum. Wo may noto thag at § p. m. of Fob. & tha centre of Ju- piter will be only 3 minutes 40 seconds cast, zud 1 minute 20 seconds north, from the star first above named. 3 Saturn will south Thursday at 5 p. m., and set at 1128 p. . Next Saturday he will be only 13 minutes of arc south from tho star numbergd 48Lin the British Associntion eatalog, uud Feb. 25 will be 43 minutes gouth from Omicron Pisel- um. His distanco from Jupiter fs decrensing rapidls. It 1s now 8% dexrces: they will be n conjunction two months hence, both being then with tho sun. a Uranus will south Thursday at 2:32a. m., be- ing thien fn right nscension 10 hours 59 minutes, aud north deelinntion 7 degroes 2% minutes. : Neptunc wifl south Thursdugat 6:69 p.m. Right ascension 2 hours 38 minWes, and north declination 13 degrees 30 mtnftes., TrE remedy for oppression by telegraph monopolics Is pointed out by tho New York Jowrnal of Cummerce. It s the formation of mutual companies for self-protection. The pa- per in question well says: Thero fs business enaugh (for oxanple) be- tween New York and Chicago and, the intervens ing cities 1o pay for & merchants’ and brokers itne. Tho tens of thousands of persons inter- eated in securinz low telegraph rates in the fut- ure on thatereat Vestorn virenit should butld o line for themselves. Thelr own business would RuPpOrt it bundsomely, and they could muke it earn dividends by i dispatches av night and in tho oif hops 1roin uow-subscribers. "I people are not wiking todo this, they must ex- Boct to piy such tull to the morapoly 1s the lat- ter may dictate. Fur there fs s little hope for Belp from the Governnent (suve on tho wholly inadmissuble terms of buying out the combinu- dou at {ts own price) o8 of & pernancnt and ef- fective Injunciton rrom the Courts, We would apbly this sound principle of codperation in sclf-dofonse tao the Atlantio cable business it tho rivul cable companies now onguged in it attempt tho pooling arrangement attributed to them, The Journal 18 all wrong fa what it has to say of tho remedy to Le provided by Government. The Qovernment not only can, but probably will tn time, provide telegraph facilities for the whole country. Monopoly 4n this casc has only one head, and it will be exsy for Government-to strike ot that head nt o blow. Private lines mustbe at best a temporary expediont. But they wiil bo highly useful and benetiolal as far as they go. 1t is proper to say, morcover, that the enicrprising merchants of Chicazo have antieinated tho suggestion of the Journal of Commerec; and the iudependent line between New York and Chicago will unquestionably be in oporation in a very short time. ——— AXGUS M. CaNNoN, brother of the Dele- gate in Congress from Utah, bas caused n broad swile ofupproval to extend from tho centre to the circumference of Zion by marryg the niceg of the tworives bo alrendy had. The blusbing bride Is, orruther was, Miss Leae Moustey, of St. George. Her futher is tho brother of her hus. band’s first two wives. The Sun Francisco Clironfele, which gives this news, furthor says: Low naturally Mr. Cinnon must have souted himeel . heneuth n “window of Miss Moustey's adobe residenco und touched bis light guitar and sung: ¥ O'us for son Ay s;;lru.'{a‘nu, A Lione Moust Ana il fras 0! o ouple nf your aunta ads Inbutit By peucerul hagnts, Jene Mousley! But whut of thatJ? we all agroe, Fozova h Unal: Wil stth be fros, hume—0 s for theo, Pl gy i vy birem room for thes, Lon2 Moaley| T =nap wy fin; ‘Xl"n’t Federal taunts; Tl marry sour sisiers and coustus und aunts, Lene Moustey? My brotiier has kom0 to bo Delegate— IR Washingion Uity e curries areat wetzht, e is bound to %ivo us n Mormé n ¥iate, v Mu:ih.' 10 m)‘uh;m::x before yuu're tov Iate, susicy! o G470k wYs bivomng on the slkall platn, The prairie-uog monens 1or bis love in vala, O£y t0 Wy arms—1'0 murey again, Leng Mousley? y ———— OCTSIDE of Ohio there are few advocates of the appointment of ir. Stanley Mutthews to tho Sapreme Beach of the Unired States, fn place of 3. Justice Swayne. The Philadelphin Lelegraph, an anti-Comeron Republican paper of reat vigor and abllity, says: Tuero should bo an indigoant protost against this uomluution, aud, it it 1 mude, an indignant protest agninst the confirmation. Mr. Matthows 1s what 33 commonly called a smart lawyer, At gue time he wus calied o smart politician, but he s calted that no lotyer. There hus seldom been 8 mun of real propise whio made & more dismal Talure when wiven n fair chance to prove. his thuns Mr. Matthows. Ho i3 absolutely £ i o Judicial spirit and, we herie © fegul knowledge that an Assodhute Jus the Supreme Coure caght to posscss. Mo 16 n {rimumer aud a thne-server, and ke can be relied dpon with: regurd 10 Do matiers of fuct ar prine giple ucless e is subfected 102 machino par- fsan pressure. There aro alrendy too mnny Hme-serviug politiciuns on the Supremo Nonoh, And the Lest interests of the Nation would sdifor gricvously to put nnother one o, If - Mp. Jauneyss nom Inated forthls ofice, 15 wil Stuply to reward Dim for supposed politic servicea by providing Bim with 4 demifod o ;wua?:ma:‘nol Sfhee He will not be nominated or bis conspicuous fitness, for he 1s - ously untit. " consblen - Come to'my = PRESIDENT IIAYES, three years ago, is- 8ued a highly virtuous order calling nttenton to tle pravaicace of drunkenness in tho avmy, gnd | Sonouncing his intentlon to confirm il sen- tences of court-martial that should be passed on The order created much feoling in the army,as ft wigy thought to be a rotlection on the charmcter the service. Attention is now called 1o the fact that the President bus not Tulsilied his promise, Sentunces for drinkengess bave not been con: firmed, Tho spread of intemperance In thearmy is in fact chlefly due to the laxity of the Excou, tve in disaflirming the sentences of court-mar. tlal. An examination of the offieial records for the 1ast three years shows thay * up to the pres- out of sixty convictlons for gross of- Tenses, niost of thom involving extreme onses of drunienness on duty, ouly nineteen bave be conlirmied by him, while forty-onc huve, by his personal order, beea 60 mitigated ns to retain the otfending olllcers fu the rmy.” ———— TuE Mornions take pride in training up thelr chfldren fn total jznorance of Awcrican Bistory. A traveler reports the followlng cone’ versatlon with n Mormon boy 1u years of ngos A3 we wore journeying by rail along the shores of Greut Sult Lake and wdiniring sho ston e gred mountam fslends (n the whlst of the dape Plue watess, T asked @ bright-looking Horuon o, 10 years of e, f hekuew whitt body of wilter that was.Ho ronlied tat ho aid no. * ave you ever gouo to schuol:™ 1 nske sl et & Bool?” I usked, with ** Oh, yes,” he answered yi %I Fouren Reader o »>" Toncus ¥ mlinssg 14D0 you kuow who George Washington wagz” Wit 100k of soine hiniution o, contased t e * had nover hourd of that ‘man befory. astop ¥OU Know who Brighui Youny wasro I * OB, yes,” ko answered: * ho was the Father.cat three thnes nt his t: gemammhot, & Poyou bellevs in Polygutmy > dlieve whatever our religion teaghes.” One of tho Twelve Anosties acounied st 10 car, and smiled at the boy's nnswer, —— THE cost of the emigration policy as a relief for tho poor of Treland is well set forth by the Pall Mall Gozctte: Every emigrant represents a monoy value,—so mAny pounds storling,—which 1n ey lrm::..v Is gtinated av 20, Dr. Engel, head of the Pras stun Statistical Burcau, calewluted B tcon yers, 220 that it cost Germunly over £100 to bring a5 member of the fower clusees to the agoof 15. Dr. Fubil. in his work on colonization, piess iy {ost ub LIS every penuy of which 18 Spens b | Tore tho citizen becomes 1 producer fnsteqiof o gonsumer of wealth. Ho estimates the averuge pet loss 1o Germany an every emigrant whg lenves bor shorad ut i hundred pounds scoring, and it §3 fourd that the uverage ‘capiml brougas Qe by each Germun immigrant who Linde or New York Isover £20. Iu is, thetefore, n jow orr timate to reckou tho loss to Iroland by every. | einigrint unneccssarily fofted Leyond ine coy BELW0. Why should it bo * patriotic " to mpn tho Statesn present uf that sumi, and **sentimen- tallsm " to cuiploy a smuller sum 1n, converting the peasant into o contented ‘landed’ Pproprictor’ at home? —— A NEw York chemical manufacturer has F protect the nanufacture. of sulphatesof guinlne;’out of, caal-tar, fijs’ process, It euecessful, fould ‘tnka ,the - fax of quinine'with o ‘vengoance. Tho' orlginal cin~ ‘city to-day for the transaction ot a.gener ‘contained the rewalus of the victims of. - coming exhausted. ‘The cultur of pay] ‘expensive. But conl-tar is chegp, ‘}f":u"? s ortless. Tt was (st utiliaed for purymy os roofing. Carbollo acld was then mapgges rom It, and atterwords tho nnaling ggos, ursd is notbig {mprobablo. therelore, 1o the s meac that it will Gome Lo tho assistancy of e Jilid in onabling thom to shaics o tho ehlpe small cost. s 4 : —————— Mr. Berclr has caused ablil to De intro. duced In the New York Leglslature the oby of which 1s to require kecpers of mennim:z Provids fza-escapes [Or the wolves, lions, iggn and othor anlmals In thelr custody, L\m;; ¥hio may be reaming around mensgeries wil st doy the buneic of ‘this provision. Whey fira does breakc out, thiero Wil b 10 wild-bogep g cape for them. MIr. Berzh has nlso another by to brobibit- visiseetion, or tho cutting of gas- n{mls, which, 1€ it beeame n law, woulg, e Heratd sav3. orevent the raising of by, State of Low York. 106 of orieata g Maror Harwsoy shonld take con; If he can pack n convention -as skilifully Mayor Stokley, of Philadelphia, did » rzva,: 39, be may bo renominated With greqt oot thusiasm. In the Pnilnflmbhmcuy(hnvenum‘ there wore by actual caunt twonty-threy licemen, four constables, nine members o City Councils, fiva polico-mngistrates, “cightyoas other officeholders of ll sorts, and ten sajpgs. keopers. Tho T{mes prints the names of gy bers and their several occupntions. 5 ————— Brrguax YouNe has his lot. There will be rvom for A huge siub of granit les fint on his rrare, s there {s no inseriztion of any kind,—not even g name. Tho Mormons puy little. rezpect to ghy resting-pluces of their dead. ——————— JMARY CLEMMER writes to the Indy en, *1In the cloction of Omar D. Conger u?m.d;,n: ate the public must fecl a senso of wutisfacyiny that Michiga Is at fast to have a Senator wppn reputation—at least where womep are concerneq —I3 above reproach or suspiclon.” graveinan u'm tho Whole famyy, Tz genius with which Mis Bernhargs’ mansges ber ibrettos waa admiréd by thonsgngy of cultivated citizens from the Stock-Yards, The advertisements on the cosers, being Iy gy glish, were enjoyed and undesstppd, - M1ss BERNEARDT has taught the majority of Chiengo thentre-goers the meaning of fygy one French word,—“bravo. Everybody why cried “bravo" was understood to be a French *“scholar.” —————— PERSONALS, ‘There is no disgrace in bel PO0T, tales you are runniag for Scoator in Nevada, Senator Wade Hampton has a new Wooden leg. Tts.nddress bas not been made ‘publie. Miss Hosmer, the senlptor, thinks she hag. on favention securing perpetual motion. The name of the Iady is not given. “What is fame?” asksa Philadelphia pa- per. Famo s the result of belng able topally. boat faster than anybods else. We have received a poem entitled *In the Dark.” This is a move In the right alreotion, “There is nothinz like keepings poems i the dark. . Platt got all the tat, Crowley got the lean, Whitelaw Reid has gone to seed, With envy he Is green. ~S.J. Tiden. A fashion journal says that eypsy bongets " with long brims in front, tapering to almest nothing in the back, bid fair to take the pispe ot tha .Fanchon or bebe bonnets. Cut thisow and paste it in you hat beforo your witelseesit. 4 Belfast, Me., man who has some famaas a microscopio writer has surpnssed himself by' writing the whole of President Hages' last mes- sage oa one side of a postabcard. How sad it Is,that 3r. Hayes did not think of this styls of Writing the message. : “Notwithstanding the assertions of Tz CHICAGO TRIBUNE," says tho Loulaville Courler Journal, *Kentuckians take an interest in sumething besides horse-racing nd whisky,” The omission of cock-fighting was wholly unigs teutfonal, and the proper apologies are horedy tendered, . The Japanese keep grasshoppers in cages ne domestic pets, treat dogs and cats with dise tinguished cansideration, provide horses tnd. 0xen Witk straw socks, regurd it as o bigh honor toown a donkey, revere the fox, sud glmost’ worship the rabbit. Somebody should sends mule to Jupan. : = A London paper says that “the bride- groom-elect of the Baroness Burdett Couus rarely quits ker side, it Is snid. Whether in town orcountry he truvels with her party, and his_ devotion fs described ‘as bewutiful to contem- plate.” The bank account of the bride-electis also described as beautiful to contemplata She fs modest, but not bashful, Free and casy, but not bold, Like an apple—ripe and mellow, Not too young, and not too old, Half inviting. balf repuisive, Now advaucing and novw shy, There is mischief in bor dimple, There fs danger {n her eye. iz Are you ead? how vary serious Will her handsome face becomes Are you angry? she is wretched, Lonely, friendiess, fearful, dumb; Are you mirthful? how her lughter, Siiver sounding, will ring out, iy She can lure, and cateh, and play you As tho angler does the trout. Tou old bacbelors of farty . 2 'Who have grown so bold and wise, Young Americans of twenty P With the love-looks in your eyes, You muy practice all your lessons Tauzht by Cupid sincg tho fall, . : But I know a little widow : ‘Who could win and feol you all. —~Unpublishes Works of Joln Kely. il oy, PHILADELPHIA GAS. Open Statemont of Committe Elunter that the Pcoplo are Cheated Out o $1,600 Per Day. PuiLADELPULY, Pa., Jan, 22—Atameet inz of the Joint -Special Committea of the- - Councils “ to investizate the - manage- ment of the Philadelphin Gas Works. this afternoon, ex-Chief-Engineer Brown, who had promised to producecertain papers, sent word-that it would be impogsible forhim to come. John 1unter, of the Investigntiog- Counnittee, said ve received infor-. mation ¢nough to make 1 direct and positise, charge nzainst the Trustees, I am prel o 10 suy that the vrust is carelesly and ams:{l Imismanaged, and the public are being de- {randud to the extent of $1,000 per day, asd* hat for years past. I think I can prove It Wiiliam MeXullen said the statemens of; unier was only an electiondodge. Sl IN TROUBLE AGAIN. .= . Saectal Dispaten to The Chicogo Tribunes Kaxsas Ciry, Mo., Jan. 22—The setflog‘ ment of passenger rates from'tnispoinh’ which was thought to bave been effected bY @ Tecent ngreement, was knocked higher " thay a Kite to-day by a West Kansas !‘”‘fi advertising tickets to Chicago for 96.50; : to 8. Louis for $4.25. - It is now said s lasgeblocks of unfimited. Chicago tieketd,. - Arere soldt 1ast October and November, that $20,000 worth are held hiére. © ——————— ki ISRAELITES. bt CLEVELAND, 0., Jan. 22.—A Jarge n0m as of distinguished Israelites are hero to attend - 2 meeting of the B'nal B'rith Grand Lodge # of District No. 2, embracing Ohlo, Ind[snsy’: Kentucly, Missourl, and Colorado, Soler?™ non and glfulxiefiore Lolgzcs]nr lt‘lll)l;o;lb' w Zive on londay even! n Lodge, one of g'he most brilliant banques ever given in the West. = ———— T TELEPHONED. Dn#iggl%gb..%asne. 22.—The Michigan Bell Telepnone Company organized in 1’?3 75 1 nt lelephone business between the differen! towns of this State at cheap prices. 'I‘bfilfi"* = line will probably be buils along the 3 chi- gan Central Railroad. i o —————— - A GHASTLY REMINDER! Prmwaperreans; Pa., Jan. 22 xu:?';wu- citement wus caused to-iay by ey 2 s 201 a pile of sixty coflins by men i Hlafl'enchp heas tha - Almshonse. - The cufls chona forests, it is well known, are rapldly be~ < cholera of 1348, e ——