Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 5, 1881, Page 12

j t HH a, ‘ treatles with the different trives,—the: » Included withIn the {vefadtetton ‘THE CHICAGO TRIBUN WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, TesI—TWELYV Lb PAGES. ‘ OKLAILOMA. 7 Ramifications’ of tha Indian-Ter- ritory Question. The Titlo of Indians to Their Lands— “Tho Indian Country.” Vastness of tho Indian Domain—Removal of Indians to. indian Torritory. Diffienlty of the Indian: Situation, and the Proce ticable Way Oat of Tt. From Our Oun Correspondent. Wasntnaron, D. C., Dee. t.—The Indian tite to all lands within the Ihnlts of the United States is either the right of oect- paney alone, or a right secured by statute or treaty, After the New World was dlscov- ered, the European discove established the principle that discovery conferred sover- eluuty; that the Indians were the rightful occupants; nnd that tothe discoverers be- Jonged the exclusive right of scquiring the soll from the natives, ‘I'he Indians were not permitted to part with tha title except to the alscoverers. Lhe Indians were recognized ag the original ond rightful owners, subject only to the condition that they should not convey any of tho sofl"to any power, or to the citizens of any power, except the dls coverer or the eltizens of the discoverer, Great Britaln maintained this princlole. The United States adopted ft In the trenty of pence of 187), by whleh our Government acquired all rights to the soll whieh had previously been tn that nation, Sinilar con- ditions as to Indian ownership of the soit were Inserted ns to all Indians oe- cupying the Innds ceded to us by France in the treaty of 180% The Mexican Government never recognized tho Indian title, except where It had Itself granted it, but treated the Indians os a special class of eltizens. Accordingly, the United States Courts in New Mexico have held that, under the treaty of Guadalupe “Ulalgo, the Indians of that ‘Territory are citizens of the United States, The United Siates Government, however, has never made any distinction as te the Indians who occupy the territory obtained from Mexico, Int has treated them ns foreign nations, and « has negotiated treaties with them as It las with othor Indians within the limits of the ‘Untted States, FOR BIGHTY-FIVE YEATS the United States muintained this principle, and pursued the uniform course of extin- gulshing the Indian, title only with the consent of those Indian tribes which were recognized as beng the occu- pants At — tle tle when — the ‘United States discontinued making treaties with the Indians (1871),/nenrly 400 treaties with Indian tribes were Incorporated In the general statutes of the United States. The only exception to this polley was In case of the hostile Indians in Minnesota, whose title In 1862 was extinguished by, conquest, Those Indians were subsequently, however, elven another reservation, and were pald_ for thelr Mjunesota lands, Since then the Goy- ernment has declared that it reserves tho right to vucute all existing treaties In case of hostilities. Theso treaties were, some of them, obtained by fmpropor means,—the Tn- dlang,in many Instances, having been de evlved; but the forms of treaties were, nov- ertheless, preserved, and tha Indians were regarded In a public capacity: tirst, asa for- eign nation which had treaty-making powers; second, as wards whom the United States was bound ‘to sustain and to protect. Prior to 1868, the great majority of the Indians oc- cupylng lands in ‘Perritorles of the United States had made treaties, 0 THE ansenniry of recognizing the Indians both as Independ- ent nations and as wards became so apparent that, In Mareh, 1871, Congress, {nan appro- printion bi, enacted that “ Herenfter ne In- dian nation or tribe within the territory of tho United States siiall be acknowledged or reeugnized as an Independent nation, tribe, ‘or power, With whom tho United Stutes may contract by treaty.” E Alt negotintions with the Indians since that: timo have been called agreements, and they have’ only been made elther in aceord- ance with express stututes, or subject to the * gpproyal of Cosigress, “Congress, by the act of 18ft, however, did not undertake to abrogate existing treaties, ‘This was especially guarded ngatnst in. the following language: “But no obligation of any: treaty Inwfally made and ratified with any such Indiau nation or tribe prior to Mare 8, 1871, shal! bo hereby Invalidated or Ampatred * (Law of March 3, 1871,—Revised Statutes, See, 2,071), ‘This fs thy nature of the tenure of atl lands held by the tndtins in the region popularly Anown as the Indian ‘Lerritory, which, haw- ever, unler the generalstatutes, is defined as “ the Indlan country.” = ATS SYOU NRIOL 6 OuINION he opinion of Attorney-General Geor; i Witilans, dated Aus. va 187), deliniae whatis “Indiana country,” Is the opinion upon which the Administration now relies to prevent the encroachments of the Oklahoma colonists upon the Indian ‘Verritory. ‘Mint . opinion declured, in substance, that all res- eryations west of the Mississippt Itver which are occupied by Indian tribes, and also al! other districts so oceupled to whieh the In- dinn title has not been extinguished, are “Indian country” within the meaning of those laws, nnd retinin (ton greater or less extent, according 18 they Ie Aeithin A Stato or a Territary) sybject to the provisions: thereof. | ‘T'hls places ENT that portion of the Indian Territory in whieh it 1s claimed that the public Jands te, within the jurisdiction of “the United States, aud under the operations of the Intercourse laws; and, Of course, pros hibits settlers froin locating those lands as public domain, TUM INDIAN TEURITORY, ° ‘The whole of the Indian Territory eluded in the stutute of Mareh, i) 180: elaving what portion of the United. shiatl be termed * the Indinn country.” was reénacted In terms by tie first seetion of the act of June 80, 183). ‘The Interventing act of May 23, 1830, authorized the Presitent to aut a so ‘much of any territory weat of the ‘Mississippi River, not’ inebuced in any State or organized ‘Lerritory, as he wleht Jidge to cessary, for the reception of the Indian tribes, ‘The Indian 'Territary was thus se- Teeted, and set off, ‘Then follawed aera pride iy in- di inter This cipal treaties bein ail these thet | the beh Wioas of Teatles: Was Jand should Isto, brovided never, be w of any State or ‘Yerritory, bub shoutd remain sub Ject to the “Intercourse laws.” ‘The lat uage of these aliferent trentles ereated a rust which provided practienlly that tho United States held the aud for the purposy+ of locating Indians mil freedmen thereon, ‘The consolidated provistons of tho 4 Intare course laws" are embraced In two oitire ‘ eluupters of the Revised Statutes, Sees, 2,111 to 2,157 Inclusive. THY VAST INDIAN DOMAIN. ‘The Indlan Terntory hus at present 9 po} ulation averaglag His more than one inhia taut to the sinus mnie, ‘Phe tract of coun- ¢ try occupied by the live elvillzud tribes of the Indian Natlon—uamelys the Cherokees, the Choetaws, the Chickasuws, the Creel, and £ the Semlioles—is, of course, largely dispro- qortionate fh amount to their needs. ‘The Cherokees number about 13,000, aud awn . 5031351 teres, or 204 to ench person. "The * Choctaws number about 16,000, and hive an verge of 418 acres to each person, ‘The was Humber 0,00, and average 75 acres each, ‘The Creeks number 13,00, and average 27 acres each, ‘The Seminoles Mumiber Let means average b2 acres. ie euch, +The aggregate population of 65,433 In the entire ‘Teritory oecupled by these tribes ling 2 bob apart W,7s1GW ueres, or an average of ‘+875 eres for every person, whieh is wore j than a square mile to the family, dost of 1 tho Jand ts valuable, at least for grazing, and | the greater portion of it Is guod for Hinge J purposes, Che unoceripied portion of the if Teliitory, is fargo enough a it Nts ty aes wats homestead for every Indian fumily in \ the United States, 3 si 3 EXCEPTIONAL INDIANS. “This theory of ludlun tenure which has been culopted and followed by the Govern- inent does hot cover all the eases of Tndian occupancy of laud, Nelther dovg it make any on for tho modification of treaties, are sume 40,000 Indiany whe have no ‘vations secured to them by treaties, but nal reservations seb apart by Exeentive ‘These reservations are fifteen itt umber, and aggregate 60,554 square iniles. ‘The Indians thus Toeated vcenpy thelr Inns, in effect, at the plensure of the President, HEMOVAL OF INDIANS TO INDIAN TRA - TORY. The polley ot permanently locating alt tribes eastor the Rocky Manntains inthe nilian Pertilors was recommended by' the Venee Commission in 1803, whiett suggested “Pat the so-called Indian ‘Territory should be striclly preserved for the future settle. ment of the nomadic tribes east of the Rucky Monntaing, and such other Indiang as my be induced te remave to the proposed Inala Commonwealth” This induced amany to believe, and among them Gen, Grant, that the enstest solution of the Indian problem would be, to settle ty the Tudlan ‘Territory all the trides seattered on the different reservations vast af the Rocky Mountains. There has always been strong oppasition to this balley: on. the part of the Heetyilized tribes of the Indian ‘Territory h constitute the Five Nations, and also, to some dexree, on the part of the residents in the Stutes and ‘Territories ndjacent to the Indian ‘Territory. Experience | has alse shown that IT 18 VERY DIFFICULT to remove the Ludian trom, the pince of his birth and from the graves of his fathers, The recent experience with the Poteas shows this, The Vinmas and Marleopns, who oc- eupy astrip of sterile land. who often stifer from Munger, and who are badly treated by the naacent white settlers, live always re- fused thelr consent to remove to the Indian Territory, where the lund $8 fertile and the elimate good, AC nimber of tribes in the Dakota country, to which the Indian Offies at diferent times has proposed removal to the Indian Territory, lave hivariably sent back this word: \Ve are willing to work harder and for less in, Dakota; but we are unwilling to ran the risk of going away from the country which has been so lotg our home?” ‘The Pawnees were reluctant to Zo; and, ot the original numberof 2376 who Were removed to the Tndinn ‘Territory, 800 died Inthe first year. ‘There was a slhiuitlar expertence with the Cheyennes, and with several other northern tithes, Most of the removals to the Indian 1 tary have been made through canipulsion, hiisis truneven of the original tribes,—the Cherokees and Chickasaws, and the rest who constitute the Indian Nation. The fact of this nnwilling- ness of the Indians to remove to this ‘Terri- tory Is one of the arguments used by the col. onists to show that the United States should not Interfere with thelr attempts te open the ‘Territory to white settlenme ‘The Cominis- stoner of Indlan.Affatrs, In 1874, on this sub- eutaaid: The prospect ‘of Inducing any jarge number of Indians, and espeekuly such tribes of Indians as would be most benetited by wremoval, voluntarily to settle in the In- dian Territory, QR 1¥ NOT ENCOURAGING, anil cannot safely be made the basis of nny general plnn for future relief or civilization of Indians, Itis not hupossible that fhere- after this Territory, if kept-open, may fr. nish homesteads for such Indlans as have tried the ways of the white man’s life, and failed in’ the severe competition to which they have been subjected, Dut, beyond such ause, it does not seem to me probable that the lnrge nnoceupled tracts of this country will ever be required for Indian purposes, af, by an arrangement with the tribes owu- Ing that country, the Comanches, Cheyennes, and Klowas can be removed, nevording to my recommendation, erst of tho Ninety-ixth Meridian, T see no reason why the lants now oceupled by these wild Ludians may not be tuken in exchnngs und opened to settle- ment.” Another Commissioner of Indian Affairs, In 1870,—Jolin Q. Smith, now United States Con: in Catida,—sal “T cannot but believe that public policy will goon require the dlsposat of a large portion of these hus to the Governnient, for the oceupaney either of other trives of Lndinus, or of white peo- ple ‘There fg avery gener) and: growing opinion thut observance of the strict letter of trenties with Indians [y fn puny enses at Vie rlance both with their own best interests and, with sound pudlle polley. PUNLIG (NECESSITY i. must. ultimately become supreme law; and, In my. opinion, thelr highest good will require these people to take nuple nllotments of laud In severalty (to be tinlienable for nt lenst twenty-five years, and then only among Ine dinns), and “to surrentor the remiajudler of their lands to the United States .Governinent fora fair equivalent. Upon the Jands thus: aurterlered otier {ndians should be located as rapldly as possible, and should be given allotments under the sume restrictions,’ “Brom the recommendation above made, it must not be understood to be either the polley or purpose of this office to encourage In any way tha spirit of rapacity whieh de- uands the throwing open. of the Indian Ter- ritory to white settlement. That country was set dpnrt half ncenturyage as the hone of the Indians, ‘Che eastern and hotter por- tion contains sufleient room for ull the In- dians now there, aud all who will ever re move thither. “the trua way to secure its verpetual ocenpaucy by Tadians is to All tt up with other Indians, fo give them lands in severulty, and provide a zovertinent strong and intelligent enough to protect. thent ef- fectually from may and all eneroachments on the part of the whites,” RAWLNOADS IN INDIAN TERNITONY, ‘Tha treaties of 1866 with the five tribes In tho Indian Territory —the Creaks, Chéroke Seminoles, Choctuws, and Chickasuws provide for nu rleht of way to railronds through their reservations, “fhe Choctauws and Chickusaws tusisted upon compensation for damages which might neerue to the ln- dans, and to be permitted to subscribe to the stock. ‘These trentles techulcally. reserved the right of. way to one rallrond authorized by Congress, ranuing north and south, ant to one rinning east and west. By adleclsion of the Seeretary of the Snterlor, May 24, 1870, the rallrand ta run from north to sonth through the resurvation of the tribes named was ceslignated to be what, Is, sow known ns the Missouri, Kansas & ‘Lexa, ‘The Department recognized the Atinntle & Pactiie as the railroad ramming cast mid west gh this Territory, The Atiantle & Pa- elle gained the right of way through the Judian Territory by the act of July 27, 1806,— the charter requiring the traversing of: tho 1 from the northeast to the south his dues not sea to have been wu treaties, cluling that Congress has Tented to various rnilronds: some 11,060,000 neres mn this ‘erritory; but these Brats, are contingent und doubtful, depend pon varying constraction of Inws. and treaties, and have no finmediate relation to the tract upon which the Payne-Wilson colonists lal the rlght to settle on the ground that ft fs public domain, CONCLUSIONS, Tho Indian sittiution presents many anom- alles and inconsistencies, but none greater than this: that we hnve i) theory more than sixty-tive Independent mations ‘on our bor- ders. with who we hive entered Into trenty-relations as‘ with {Independent sovor- elgun; yet, a6 the sumo tine, eo wilte agent bs sent to control these soverelun powers, wid eure for them as wards of the Government, ‘This dual condition of soverelsnty and ward- ship wttiches to sll of our Indian manage. mene atin the treaties prior to 1871, continues to attaeh to all Indians with whom we had negotinted treaties prior to Mareh 3, Ist, It practically exists now,—lor, while In name the tern treaties? was abollshed, tho “agreements” made In pursuance o slututes Inve the same eifect ns the trentieny ant cin onty bo secured by the consent. 01 the Indians, ‘The United States seemed to SF Yh ec I There ure conditional have reserved no fight of soyer- nub, or, at least, axereised none, Thy fact “that there are ne legal ineans provided for a modification of the ox. isting (rentles, except by the consent of tho Judlans, dy. used ag a strong argument by those who favoropentng the Indian ‘Terrhory to white settlement, aa a reason why tle United States, as well now as ata fiture time, which most ‘deem as certain to como, should by some law provide for the nullitien: Uon of ‘oxisting treaties Jn sueh ifway ns shull sectira to the Indlangevery right whleb they could reasonably ask for themselves, and shall promote the highest hiterests of the United States, and commend itself te wie. morar sense of the country, ‘Tho Jaw of inight, of course, Hes at tho rout of all these arguments, But the luw of might, for that qnutter, Is the Jaw whieh ultimately Nes at the basis of all elvitization, Between elvis zed people and savage tribes the lnvw of uight 14 the lnw of progress, No now hunting- ne thing Is certains grounds remain, and the elvilizution or the utter destruction of the Indinns tsinovitable, THE YAY: pur OF THR DivvICULTY scenis to that which in the main has been chosen by this Aduinistrations First—To centrulize ull the Indians on a fow reservations, Second—To allot them thelr lands in soveralt Thod~To extend tha inricdiatlon of tha -thely edueation a ‘United States courts over their reservations, amt Lo make them amenable to the laws, Vourth—To wake Iberal proviston for weivilization Be 1. We Se eee TOBACCO IN FRANC Tho Monopoly Katnblished by the Firat Napoleon—Cigarn, Saud, Smoking Toe baceo, and Cigarets Mundo and jSold Exclusively by the Government, e New York Times, Wasitnaton, dan. 1—It was in 1910'that tho First Napoleon, after having made a thorough investigation of the tobacco Indus- try In France, took from the people tha man: wfacture of the plant, and placed in the hands of the Goyernment the tobacco monop- oly whict ling existed until thisday, It ts said that the profits of the tobacco trade first became nn object of his consideration at oarant ball given at the Palacu of tho Tully erles In that year, . Among those who werd pregent was n woman clothed in very costly garments, and burdened with diamonds and othor precious stones, ‘The Emperor asked for thea nume of this woman, and was told that sha was tho wife of a tobac- comanufneturer. Before the year ended the Emperor had, decided that tobacco should sl in supporting his great armies, and had turned over the whole industry, except cul- tivation fn the fields, to, the department of his Government which was equivalent to our Bureau of Internal Revenue. In this way was established a monopoly which has turned into the French Treasury $1,500,- S 000, American cuitiyators, manufacturers, and conawiners of tobacce cannot fall to be In- terested In_ x deseription of the manner fn whieh the French Government manufactures the leaves grown under its supervision at home or bought by its agents abroad, and sells snuff, cigars, and smoking tobacco to citizens who have no more right to make and deal in theso articles than they have to print ‘Treasury notes from a counterfelt plate, and put thom in circulation. Among the reports recently ninde to the State Department by our Consnis and jcom- merehtl neents Is one, written by Consular Clerk Sclilmore, of Paris, which contals the results of a careful examination of the sub- ject, From this report are taken the figures and statements whieh appear below. The intperial decrees which established the mo- nopoly were issued Dee, 29, 1810, nnd dan, 12, ISI. “By these the purchase of tobacco in leaves, aud tho fabrication and sale, at whole sale or retail, of manufactured tobacco, were exclastyely confined to the adninistration of Indlreet tases (Regie dea Drotts Unix), aid this adtutulstratlon, or reyle as it is univer. sally called, was nt first forbidden to obtain nore thay ontediftcentht of its muterinl from abroad, No ons could enitivate tobacco who And not been given permission to doso. ‘Tho tobaece In the hands of manufuctirers was appraised and bought, and, under. severa penulties, all persons were forbliden to have n thelr possession, or to import, forelen inanufactured tobacco, and all who lind not been permitted to cultivate were forbidden to have tobacco leaves {n thelr possession, The Government took into Its service the existiig inanifacturers and thelr employés in order to instire-tho, success of the undertaking, In WIL the régle was placed wader the lmme- diate. coutrol of the Ministry. of Finanees, and thoroughly reorganized, For use in the service 2 corps of aclentifie men was selected, and provision was made for the preservation and enlargement of this corps by the audmts- alon of graduates of the polytechute school, after these hnd for two yeurs studied and worked in the tobacco factories, An excel- lent civil-serviee system regulates the pro- motion and retention of these educated agents of the Government. ‘The régie now hs sixteen Inrge tactories, twenty-seven storehouses: for native to- baceo, and four storehouses for Imported to- bacco, It employs more than 19,000 persons, ten hours per day, and nearly all of these are pid by the piece. At the beginning of each year the Minister of Finances designates the’ Departinents in. France in wiveh tobacco may be cultivated, and the extent of Ind which may be devoted tothe plant, ‘The lust deeres confined tho privilege to seventeen Departments. ‘The npplicntions of farmers who wish to plantare exainined by a Commission, whleh admits or rejects thom, | After the farmer gets: pernits- slon to plant tobacco, he Is subjected to close oficial supervision and forced to comply with niany stringent regulntions, He canuot sow any other seed than that’ furnished by the Governments he mise lest the ‘geed-beds within a stated time after gathering the crop, and he inust follow the Government's direce tlons us to modo of ‘planting, weeding, prune ing, ete. ‘The agents ascertain the area which he has tinder cultivation and the number of plants, and they visit hlm later in the season to deteriniue the number of Ieaves for which they Will hold hin accountable. After the tobacco hus been guthered the «farmer takes it to the Government storehouse, where ft 1s classified by experts, fusbpaldl for In-necordance with a tariff of prices wn- nounced by the Government before the seed was put hte the ground, Th THe ny the rézio obtains a little more than one-third of its guatertaly nearly all the remainder is bought in the United States, ‘The Frenel: farmer sends his tobacco to the storehouse imperfectly dried. ‘The Goy- ernment allows it to ferment fn heaps itn teniperatiire as high as 0 to 40 degrees Centl- grade, . After undergoing this treatment tor from six to nine months the lenves whleh contain tess than 20 percent of water are packed by hydraulic pressure In bales ad hogsheads, ‘Ibe Jeaves are sent to the fae- tory about fliteon or elzhtesn months atter the hurvest. In the factories they are de- prived of thelr stems, and are dimpened with water containing 10 per cent of marine salt to produce flexibility und provent pow- dering, ‘Tho régio ianifactures and sells suf, chewing tobacco, smoking tobacco, eliars, and elgarets, ‘The leaves which are made into snuif are cut into strips about hale an teh wide, ‘Chose are molstened with water or tobacco Juice, nut pied up In grent heaps fn rouins’ Whers a high aid even temperature 1s maine tained, More thoy ferment for a month or so, and are then dried, ground imto powder, ant sifted, ‘This powder fs thon wet and packed in wooden boxes, where It fermunts for several months, When tha samples taken from the bins Indicate maturity, the perfected snuff is packed in barrels and cnsks, and Ig ready for the market. In 1833 the réxlo’s snuffmaking process extended through thres now the work fs dono in twelve or fourteen months. ‘The Govern: ment makes nearly 15,000,000 pounds of snuft exch year, and sells It to constmer, at $1.09 per pound, It ntso sells a small quantity of fore! en manufactured snuil at 8140 per pont, ‘Tha habit of Show|ng tobneco fs rapidly spreading in France, ‘The sute of chowing- tubacco $1 IbUL nimounte to 730,267 pounds, nid in 1873 to 3,089,750 pounds. The réglos minnufactures no“ fae-cut,? but confines the | Frenelt buyer to “natural feat? In twlats, ‘Tho rites ore dinorles arg mada of 40 por cent Virginin and Kentucky ond 0 per cent French tobue- co, ‘Tho lenyes are moistened wd twisted Into prope avout hale an tuch in dlamoter, ‘These ropes are sold for smoking as well as chuwling, Atdesizned for cheyving thoy aro steeped In concentrated juice of tobaces, and subjected to compressfoh, Tho roles menu fils are twists of the sizo of slender cords prada of French tobacco. ‘They ara Btecpall in concentrated tabaeco-fuice, compressed by hydrants force, and desiccated ia current of hotalr, They aro sold tn balls which look Mike tarred yarn. Molasses and Ileoriee aro not used, "The carots, ura sinilar to tho roles ordinatres, and arto used in Brittany, Vo those three kinds o€ chewing tobacco the Frenchanan is Mruilted, Eby nonapol which atlows the tobacco- chewors ony Wistud luaves, gives to the sinokers nothing but fne-cut, The greater art of tha smoking-tobucco made and used in the United States consists of ginal takes. of the dry leat, which has undergone treatment “of various kinds, ‘Che French, smoker hag nothing of the sort tn France tho Jeaves ate fed to tho knives of gufllotines, which cut them Unto stringy masses Io our “ine-cut.?” "The tobacco Vien contains 2s por cent of water, and it ds put into 4 revolving drying cylinder, in whieh tt §8 dried and freed from albumen Cold air is then pnased through It, ta del outdustand heat, It is then packed In bing for several weeks, and ts afterward put up in packages wolzhing from forty grams up ward, Enel package bears figures which glve the dato of manufacture, the welzht, the pries, and the percentage of hinnidity, ‘Che prices yary from 31.00 to $3.19 pur pound, ‘There bs also i quallty which fs sold to the army and navy, aud to hospitais, at from 13 tu,70 conts per pound. The régie’s nicthads of making cigurs are noarfy the sane as those in uae hore, ‘Those cigurs which ara sold for Jess than 10 eent- inies contain 44 por cent of native tobacco; the flues of those which. ars sold for’ 10 cents are exclusively Mexican and [rus aillan tobacco, and sume of the wrappers are the best. native leaves; in making better clgars Maryland, Virginian, and Kentucky Jenaves are used, Atthe Roullly factory, near Paris, soine good clears are made of Havana tobneco, but tho régie ndinits thot the Cubans: make better elyars onto the same quality of leaf, "The régle began to wnko cigarets in 1843, and then’ only 9,000 pounts of them were sold ina year: now the annual sale are nears ly 00u,000 pounds, Three elnsses of efxarcts are now mate—elgareties ch caporal ar dinaire, ch yeereticn en eadpordl aupertenr, and Sluare er ditt Levant, or Turkish clears ots. ‘There are fifty-two varieties, and) the prices range fram $13 to $1 per pound, ‘The régie setls its goots only to specially authorized agents, who sell to. the public at retail, ‘Thesy agenty are appointed by the Government in, recoznition of services per- formed for the State by them or their relas tives, ‘Their shops are called débits de tabae, ani there are 40,00) of them in France, ‘The agents buy from the régie ut a fixed seals of prices, and must sell at other prices equally definit, “‘Lheir profit is alittle less than 10 per cent, ‘The rézie's efgirs seem to be well received, aud complaints are rare. ‘The cheaper kinds are poor in quality, but thes"are uniform in composition, free “adulteration, and honestly mite, regio nianutactures and fiwports Tnvana cigars, Kvery brand whieh Is detnanded by the public ty n paying extent is promptly pit upon the market, and it is suid that those who have made special im- portations for private use have ‘gained no advantage thereby. The elgarets are well minde, unadulterated, anh uniform in quall- ty.» ‘there has been inuelt scomplaint about the quality of the wrapper, and the Govern- ment fs trying to Introduce better paper. ‘The. French seen to be satisiied with tha regle's smu, the prominent characteristics of which are purity and pungency, ‘There seems to be rouin for great improvement in the inan- ufacture of smoking tobacco, Much of the aroma and wlrene h of the leaf are ex: hausted by the drying processes while the tobacco {8 in the heated cylinders, But consumers do hot complain, having no American smoking tobacco with which to vompara their own, and the revenue from this source fs constantly inerensimg It Is reported that Freneh ehewlhg tobacco Is raw, tank, and unsatisfactory to an American, But the man who buys a package of the régle's goods can always be sure tbat he ly getting nothing but'tobacco; the praductlons of this monopoly are pure and unadulterated, It has been charged by interested persons that the regla's goods sire sometimes adul-- Nu terated, Investigation © revenls no proof of , the truth of this asser- tion, Jt ‘ts ulso sald that the. elgar- stinnps, ete, which are pleked up by the poor In French cities, are made Inte suit by the régie, ‘This is not true; the refuse to- bacco, collvcted In. this way, Is bought by nurserynien, florists, and farmers, who use It. ns 8 compost, or to Kit Insects, ‘The enpltal of the monopoly at the end of the our 1873 was $21,820,104, and the actual profits for that year were $47,625,18, orhearly 20 per centon the capital, In’ 1830 the re- celpts were $12,841,302, and the expenses $5,- O87,107; In 1873 the receipts wero $tki,750,080, ant the expenses $12,170,07L. ‘Thordgie’s net receipts, from Jul: were $1,003,841,3535, ard the netexpe $522,862,705, leaving n guln of $1, The two fears which have passed since have rajsed this stun to about $1,500,000,000, Since 1820 the receipts have been hnulliplied by tivo and tho expenses by only two and whalf, There has also been an inerense of more than $20,000,000 In the value of the capital The profits have been enormous tn every year since the monopoly was established, <Not- withstanding the effects of the war on com- merce, an the loss of fuctortes, store houses, and planters in Alsace and Lorraine, the re- celpts fell off but tittle in 1870-71-72, exeeed- Ing the expenses in those years by $116,700,- In 1878 France exported $2,630,875 Worth of tobaceo, Of this amotnt, $1,534,189 was the yalue of leaves sent to England and Switzer- Jand, and $370,857 the value of cigars sent to England and Germany, Nearly all tho re- mainder was smoking tobacco and snutt.. the samo year France fimported 28,122,1 worth of tobaeco, of which $6,272,068 repre- sented leaves (more than lialf. of these Trant the United States), mid $1,207,244 represented: cigars, mostly trom Cuba, In 1878 franco imparted from the United States $3,400,001 worth of leaf-tobaeco, Nounmanufnetured tobacco enn be imported Into France by: pags persons, but the Gov- ernment may give special permission to per- sons to fmport manufactured tobacco for the! own use under a heavy tariff, Butito one’can import: more than “twenty-two, year." The tarlif’ upon such ” importa- Hons “Is S45 oper pound” on clears and olgarets, S131, per porn on smut and chewing tobaech; $8.10 per pound on Turkish sinoking tobac nud) SLL per pound on all othor sinokin tobnco. ‘These duties were linposed'fast June. ‘The duty on elgars-ty nearly thréé tines as great ng ‘in England, twelve tines ag great as in Ger- many and Belgium, and 70 per cent greater than in Rugsia. ‘he consumption of tobacco In Franco fn 1873 was 14-5 pounds per head, but iin Parls it was 13!¢ pounds per hen France i3 low in thd seale of consumption; Bellu stands at thd head of the lst, with 61g pounds; Germany ly eredited. with ounds per Whe Austria with 24-5, aid Norway with Po ifut Fritnce gets 0 reventte from tobacco of SL71 rhend per year, while Austria gets but th, Gortuany $1.80; and Enuland $1.18, ‘Tho régts js dependent, as hins been shown, upon this country for Its supplies of Seaf-to- bueeo. An expert testified not long azo be- fore a committee of Inquiry in Paris that the native tobaceo could never replace 1s to nality, development of lenves, and aroun the tobucco of the United States, a + THE DIVISION OF TEXAS. A Home Prediction that It WIN Ho Ace complinhied ut the Next Term of the Legistaturo. ditatin (Tex) Revtew, Dec. 29, Tho division of the territory of ‘Texns into four aitditlonnl States is expressly provided for by the joint resolution for annexing ‘Texas tothe United States, Untll ‘Lexus is dlvided, or until the contracting parties cons cur in striking out the stipulation for dlyis- joh, the division will hang as a perpetual menace to the Integrity, or rather the en- tirety, ofour State, Will it bo stricken out? We think not, Willa divislon be made? We think it will, by the next Leglalature, in January or February next, and forthe fok lowing very obylous reasons: The pollt- Jeat party in power in. ‘Texns fs the Democratic party. That party brought about the annexation of ‘Texas as & pro-slavery nnd Democratiomensure, ‘That party unde the division of ‘Texas one of the conditions of tho mnnoxation of Texas. It expressly provided in the Joint resolution re- ferred to that ‘Texas might be divided into four new additional States, ‘The conditions precedent to such division as stated are that such States shall be of *conventent size,” that they shall have “sufticlent pe nulation,! and shall organize by the consont at Texis,— not by the consent of the United States Goy- ernment, for that fs given fn advanee—is contracted for by tho terms of the jolnt Tesi. lutlon, which says that such States shall be entitled to admission under the Federal Constitution.” Since 0 partion of New Mexieo has been relinquished, In considera ton of $10,000,000, ta the United States, it ts contended that ‘fexas can, by consenting to the orziunization thioreof, create. one three new additions states, ‘Cnty is a fstake, 8 that conpromise, wo are Informed, the righ to maka four new Stutes is reserved. de ds the Jack of population only that restricts the mlunber to three at this thine, We Infor that those new States will be created ut tho next session of our Legislature for tho follawing reasons; . 1, Beenuse the Democracy, which has the power to do so, will not so fnuch as promise make 4 diviston Impossible by fetlng itself and gutting Congress to act concurrontly, as has been suggested, 2 Because our Demooratio pollticlans want. to get leading oftiges which they cannot got by uy other move, eS 3, Meenuse our Democratic polltelans both nt home and abrond, want to vt control of the United Stites Senato for the uext four years, and can only do su by sending six new Jemocratic Senators to that body trom three new additional States crented out of the ter- ritory of Texas, ‘To elfect the division the United States Government (having consented already) lin’ nothing to do. ‘To defeat it, be judl- clously inde, that Government con do sloth. tng. ‘The matter lies entirely In tho contro} of Vexas, and ‘Texas 1s governed by the Dem- ocratic party. ‘Te accomplish the diviston the Legistature of ‘Texas has only to lay of out of Sts ample territory threo additional States, each of which will be shown by the Inte census to be en- fitled to two Representatives lu Congress, It can do that by a joint resolution, Avote of the peopladn the first instance fs not re- guired. ,'To make the measure popular that Joint resolution would need to provide: ‘That each new State on orranizing should have one-fourth of the public domain of ‘Texas, andof all the funds und lands heretofore dedicated to public usex. and should be re sponsible for one-fourth of the public debt, The people would organize the new Stites neeordingly, ‘To mike it a certulnty that they would do so our politicians would nect only totirge cach new State fo adopt tho "Texas Constitution of 1845, ‘That Constitu- tlon fs better than tho one Texas now hing, It has been tried for, years, and has worked well in practice, | What recommenda itaboyoe all things fs that it was in 1845 necepted by Cong as being republfenn in form, ant hen ynot be rejected now. As‘It pro- yitey for fewer offices und lower salaricg, tho people of ench new State would be tienen to vote for Itas a measnre of retronchment and reform, Sueh {s the prospect. ‘Thora being no other devies by means of whieh our Demo- eratic politictatis can secure for themselves Teading offices, and for their purty the control of the United States Senate, wo believe they wil put itinto practical execution within tho next three months, Those pollticians will do what clreumstatices require them to do to reach their ends—there {4 no denylng that, We, thy people, have only to nequieseo In the Jnevitable and Jet them get tho atlices they want and obtain the control of the Uniter States Sennte,—if they can, and we think they.can, Do straws ‘show which way the whi blows? Dues tho recent agitation of the division of ‘Texas Ih other Southern States futicnte nothing? Tas any matter eyer been submitted to the vote of the people of Texas which they did not vote throngh ? Do not the most extreme met of the Demo- eratic party always control that party 2? When coming events east thelr shadows before It hy not for tho newspapers lo pretend not to see thoso shadows. It is barely possible that the exposure In advance of the scheme to divide ‘Toxns may detent tt. “RICE CORN IN KANSAS.” “S.T. Ke Primes BlrdsStory ? Not So Muchot*a Joko” After All-Eloven Farmors Swear tolt, and Ono Mune dred Moro Hendy to Follow sult. Tb the Editor of The Chicago Tribune. Dwiant, Ill, Dec. 81.—On tho sth’ day of Devember you printed an article of mine in which Lmade the statement that Thad just celyed Liformation from Statford County, Kansas, that the rice-corn crop had been destroyed; that countless numbers of birds in flecks, equaling a visitation of grass- hoppers, and covering from twenty to forty acresatatime, made thelr appearance, and In five days the crop was gone, No sooner had the aboyo favts reached Kansas than the press of that Stale, with one accord, and before taking the trouble to Investigate the truth of the statement, pro- nounced it to be a “hoax,” and poured upon my head an amount of sympathy (1) which was truly subline, Below Is a letter from Mr. Crane, my {n+ formant, which puts the whote easy even in stronger light than I did. Thave no desire to do Kansas any injus- leo; but I fully agree with s writer in tho New York Sunof Dee. 24, whosays: “Stock- growers of Colorado and Nebraska toudly call on Congress to enact a law muting tho 100th meridian the western Ihnit of lands subject to the Homestead and Entry laws, They claim, with apparent reason, that the ‘experience in the Arid Belt has conelustyely proved that the land ts utterly unfit for agri- cultural purposes;: and add that, ‘It ade quate measures ave not adopted to counter- act linpressions regarding the clhuate of tho plains, that have bueu created by the Innd- grant railroads, the western portions of Kan- sag will becoine pauper colonies,’ Lind seen so many contradictory state- ments In the papers with regard tu” destilu- tion In Kansas, and have conversed with so many that have come back penniless aud des- titure, that £ wrote to a geutiounn who fs the Secretary of a “Kansas Relief Society,” and ong postal card he says: ‘The facts fi gard to destitation are, that tho people in a territory of 125 miles by 200 In Western Kan- sng nro in a mast deplorable condition, Cause, now settlers coming into n new coun try,—all poor, ‘Can't break up laud and raise anything first year, Vartial failure of the next yenr, ind total failure of whent this year, allroad corporalions aud inoneyed men do not want the people in the East to know this, ug It stops Iminigration, hurts trade, and de- preejates the value of pager ¢ henee theso contradictory reports, Will write you it full when T return home fein "EF hops the press of Kinsag, who ‘have taken so much pains to hold me wp to ridl- cule, will at least publish Mr, Crane’s stite- ment; and, the . next tine thoy rish into priiut, they ought to ben ttle better posted. , « Samuen T. Ky Panis, Fo the Editor of *the Unieaoo ‘Tribune. SrAFronD, Statford Coy Kus. Deo. MA, 1880.—T have just read the communication of * W, 0. BE." In ‘ie Cugado TrpuNe, fn which ho ons deayors to ridtenly Mr, 8, 0°, K. Primo's rica-corn Lird story. He ways iit tho report whieh I wrote Mr. Prime was fulso; that [t rivaled tho snnke ‘stories which from time tu time go tho rounds of the papers. Ho cults it 0 Prime joke. Hfe denica that tho birds have cnttsed any serious duinngo to tho crop of rlee-corn. He usserts that Lurned fg the trading palut ut which most of tho residents of Stulford County do business, ‘This {8 0 grout inistuke. Vorhups ono-tifth of our population may don small purt of their truding. there, when compelled to to tho Land-OMee, Tho othor four-fifths of us prefor to yo to nearer pointa on tho rillroad—that 8, to Bteri lite and Ellinwood, fnstead of | pulling through tho sand to Larned. iis assertion thut the ucreaue of rice-corn i Kansas was only 25° $85 ueres ig ridiculous, if ho wnenna this yeur's Teaneet: And tho other statement, that Pawneo Jounty has rufsed 27 per cent of all tho rlev-corn, ralsed, 18 equally ridiculous. Having heen Trus- tee and Assessor of the territory now composing Braittord and Falrviow Townships, f will send you sole township statiatics of the acreage of rice and Indfan corn for 18803 Vo, flee. Wo, cerca, Jo fat 0 COTM ve 40 3,5u0 Fielila of frat ity acres are vory common hure of both Tndtin corn and rice-corn, ‘The above tublo speaks for itself, and you will ace that the nereaye of rice-corn is much greater (han that of nding corn, here, in these two townships, nt least, ‘The charge of negligence in gathering the rice-corn crop inay bo answered In this way:” Wo planted. the greater part of itnfter ft bad becgmne too late te plant Indian corn,—#me oven as Into ns tho Teth of July. It ripened, but {t was necessary to lot the beads thoroughly cure before gathoring. The head of the rico-corn brenks off vers. easily when perfectly rine, nnd than it nnves without mile dew, Lf muthered too suon, It mildews; besides, it ie harder ta gather, and tuquires to be out off with ashurp kuite, This yous netaeney W, O. E. further anys that it {a cruel in dir. Prime to attempt to pel petratoe such 1 Joke upon this sceotion of Kuisis, ir, Wyime simply printed tho facta na I gave them to hin, A mun who has done 80 much for Western furmera ne Mr. Primo hag in fils Valuablo writings and fn his great work, “Model Farma aud ‘Their Methods," the ‘Iuat oman in the world to gorhutrato wjoke on his brothor-farmors. If ir. Prine has published unything that hurta the feullugs of nome of my brother-Kangans in the Uird story alluded to, I dusire tho biaine aball rest upon me, and not,on bim. ‘There is ne uso trying to dony that wo hayo been ravaged by muashoppors, chinch-bugs, and birds, und naye hud tong-protracted spelld of dry wenther, in somo parteof Kansas, and in some pluces uo eropa whatoyer hive beon raised; yet in othors they buve been bountiful, especiuily of tho bird- feed above altuded to, In corroboration of my statement to Mr, Pring, t append tho statenionts of a number of tho representative farmers of Fairviow und Btutford ‘Lownsbipa, vmong whons ara our ‘Trustee and County Commissioner, Lobtajed shese slgnaturca i i short timo yesterday, and can got’a hundred if it is necessury, Yours truly, UL CRANE. Srarronn, Stafford Co., Ka. Deo, 23,, 1880.— ‘This { tu certify thut, on or about Nov, 25, 1880, Snitucnse tlovks of small birds did muke thelr PER TANOS, in our riuc-corn Holds, in the Towns jp Of Btutrond and County of Stulford, State of Kansas, and did destroy, devour, or carry away the greater purt, and In some Instances tha whole, of our rice-corn’ orep. We certify that we loat tho following numbor of ucres as pluced Onpasit our names; . fannea, Ezra Crane, Bumuol Holm, Stewart Grant, J.B. Foster indian corn, xan, 1, Haumgarten, ', Tas UFC. ose on uu W, ih, Fiel ode 5 John Iteber, Fairview Town Ais: ri} Hichard Jubhson.,.....crseserone rere i boreby certify that tho foregolug names aro gonuine signuturos, silenced in my presonce, and that they are of the most rollubla and foremost Jurniors In thia (Statford) county, ifs yin Subscribed and sworn to. boforo mo this kd day of December, A, D, JW. aiepen Notary. Public, Mr, Crane also pays hig compliments to J, K. Hutson, Secretary of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture, who also took the trouble to call Sr, Prime’s statement into question, Mr, Crane says: Sir. Hudson is sudly mistakon fn regard to the acreage of riev-corm. Tho yreuter part of our rico-corn was planted bere, perhaps, after tho consus-cnuuerstion, and 1 suppose the figures are not full, Let it’ ta understoud that threo- fourths of tho rice-corn was planted bere during the lust of Juno and trst two wooks of July, or attr thy atutivtics werv takes, You suo what L Jarge In proportion.” menn. Mr. Maxwell, tho Postmaster, aays that Tidaon hie no corkespondent here now, You ave that como frets in cesnird fo Kansite are ot such nnature that a eortun class would prefer: not to have them go Eust. don't ge mot on my Arat statement ona word Egtta CRANE a “ME JEW. He Falluro anil Success—Not an In- ventor—Not a Captaly of Industry—Ho Produces Nothing, Builds Nothing, In Wonderfully Sharp aso Terador Broker. Laniton Spectator. Thoy have never since the Maccabees pro- duced a great soldier, for Mnssenn was ouly aecont-rite, the Jewish chief of the stat on the Austrian side did not sueeved tt Sadowa, and we cannot yet credit them with na states- man of tho first-class, Benconsiteltis hardly more than s great party lender tn politics, though he hing a certain genius for appre- hending the passing waves of omotion {1 the British people; Lasker has neveroverthrown a Government; Crémieux proved a fallure at Bordeaux, Foul was only a clear-hended bagker, Sir 11, Drammond Wolff hasscarcely madd aimark, and if Cntubetta is, as tho Jewish papers say, Hebrew by tlescent, he ts at once the strongest representative of the race and the one whouso blood is least pure, ‘The Jews have never produced .9 very great cnatneer, and, curfously enough, have not risen to the front rank among the Cuptuins of indtstry. We ean recall naman of the race who, as an inveptor, ig on " with Arkwright; or, ns nianutaeturor, “with ‘Littes Salt; or, ng contractor, with Mr, Brag- sey} for Strouybera, who in the range ‘of fits ideas was decidedly greater than any of the three, falled, botnet beaten, we have. always thought, by quatitles tho world does not at- tribute to Jews, an over-fervid innglauntion and brendth of enterprise, The Jew hits nob the constructive faculties in any unusnal de- gree, and still less tho Industrials In fact, ho produces nothing, neither buildings, nor fond) nor ships; but hu hing keen intelligence and great strennousness, and i our day keen tn tellfgence tells, while strenuonness, fi many: departments of life, compensates for in- dustry, The Jew sucevels as a nw yer, 08) an ofieln, ns on Profes for, as an advocate, os a parliamentary debater, as a proprictor ot journals, as a physician, and inimany walks of literature, ovensionally, ag in Heine’s ense, rishur to the liighest. ‘That he isagreat wealth-maker, wo shoultl, if we had the courage to defy a uifyersal prepossesstons be inelined to deny, forhe udds nothing to the wealth of tha world, and the inass of Its nation remning, thorefore, poor to penury, no poverty sure passing thatof Russian, Polish, German, and Austrian Jews, - that fs, of the enormous inne jority; but fie hns mastered thaeseerut that money fs to be made rapidly by the distribu- thon of products; lie has been compelled. by the oppression of centuries, to comprehend exnetly the valite of paper “ securities” and the mode of dealing with them, and-his in- tellect being exactly fitted to the work, when- over he gets falr-play fn those departments of life he beats all competitors, exeept, pur- haps, Armenians and Varse Within hts thnits the Jew succeeds, and, as helsextromely strenuous, rarely burdens him self with more education than’ le needs,— for, though Jews are among the most cultl- vated of mankind, the tnjority care more to to be linguists, mathematicians, and mastors of the ways of trade,—and has the synipathy of his entire people, he rises more Bap and with less frictlon than his competitors, tll in some plices every prominent persort seems tobe more or less a dew, aittl Dr Stocker’s fieres epigram becomes Hterally true: “ At the post-mortem examiniution of a body lately there were present the district physiclun, the lawyer, the surgeon, and a a fourth physician, all Jews, and none but the corpse was German, Behotda pletureot the present!” ‘fhe success is won fairly enoughy by qualities which Ils rivals andght display, if they hind them,—by intelligence, effort, and reniiness cept all’ inevitable conditions, ‘The only. advantages Jews possess Js thelr cosmopoll- tan character, which fs an necldent; thetr miutiraly Sympathy, which, though some- thines cirrled rather far—as in“dis feeling which the Jews of ali ‘countries have dis- played for Lord Beaconsileld,—is natural In anoppressed race; aud certain Hmitation of sympathy to their own people, which makes ull Christians deem thei hard. Read Lord Beaconsfield upon Trishinen ‘or on En- glish polities, and then read him on his own boople, and mark the «iference of the pas- It ts more easy toexpiain why Jews suc- ceed than why they fall, but in ono respect thoy certninly do fall. ‘t hey genuinely desire to-be Hiked by:the peoples among whom they sojourn, and they are not Jiked, clther fn Asfa, or Amerien, ‘or Europe. ‘This fs not duv to their ered, for “Asin tolerates. all creeds; and thelr. cultus, depending on Het gree, elves no offense by proselytisin. while in Europe whole classes hold « faith hardly distinguishable fromt | thelrs, * Nor is. it their ‘conveption of life: which ts offen- sive, Jews have become an adaptable race; they do not reverence agcetlelsin, and thefr iden of Juxury, apart froma cortuin love of splendor which the Kast thinks nugaliicent and the West vulgar, differs very MHitle from that of their competitors, ‘The rich Gorman, or Frenchinan, or Englishman has not much right to talk about ih profusion, or his Ininger after material comfort, or von fis fondness for aispliy. Stl, the Jaw Is dis- Hked, as ils rivals, living Uke him, are not. dlstiked, and fu all western countries things ara pardoned to suecesstt! natives whieh tn successfitl Jews arouse the bitterest resent- ment. ‘The reason Is alleged to be want of patriotism, but though the Jews ure often cosmopolitan, aul in countries where they are persecuted ulatinetly hostile to the op- pressive réghne,—a hostility rising in States ike Rounanla ton passion,—they often can bo and are patriotic. ‘There are no tore de- elded Germans, Frenchmen, or Ltalinns than tho Jews of those countries; and the English Jews would be English, too, were they not so few, and so {mpatient of the English temper- ament. The main reasons, we balleve, for tho dislike are two,—the first being that the Jews in all countries remain duws, that 1s, distiuct- ive, end thereby require. the disitke with which gny foreign race whatever similarly successful would: be regarded; wd the sec- ond, that they are an exceedingly pushing people, ‘They are not more disiiked than the Scotch were, and the Greeks ure, in Englund, or Uimn the Poles are jn those districts o! Germany where tho races coma in contact. “My people,” sald one of the most accam- vilshed and best born of thelr number to the writer, “have all one foible which ‘breeds trouble. All Jows are vain.” ‘They like to bo at the top, to be grent In society, to nssert thomsolves strongly, with a certain triumph, as of people te whom justice has been done at lasts and as self-assertion has til recently been ditieutt, thelr manners haye often bu come, as a witty American sald, a lttle Pacific Coast Lawleancss—A Startling Picture of Social und Logal Degrudae ton, Angeles (Cal) Herald, ‘Thero Is Pettit slinply appalling In the teense to murder and rob whieh gevms to have grown up in Catlfornia., Law has v4 hurgely hate tt mero mockery, ‘Tho only criminut who 1s In tho slightest degree ju dungor of boing puntsues tg tho humble feltuw who stonis sane hing to eatiafy the pangs af bunyger of himself or tiinily, If thesuin stolen maunts up ta the thousunds, thers iano eurthly danger of pun- dsbmont. If tae erline of viglenea wssuimes the gravity of murder, kumunity of punishment is ‘assured ag a matter of course, unless tho murs dered min bus friends enough to muke ‘tho country too hot for hia slayer, If things pro- gress this much turther, no sensible man oun doubt but thit resolving society into its original elumonts, with the substitution of the rude justice of tho vigiluntes for trial by Jury, would be far profurable to tho breaunt state of things. We have at length to vised'a (ino and bigh-sounding nume for uver titoy. Stealing is Kloptomauin. Drunkenness dipsomunia. Shurneless disregard at the. mur! tal rightis no longer called wdluttery, but tinds apologiste under tho eyphomiatlo title of nymph> omanta, Led-handed murder ta homicidal mae nia or tranaltory jnsnnity, And so wo, % BO- callod intelligent and clytlized people, tmua- auerado tu our progress towards abeor anarchy, If there ts one thing more than another which Callfornta needs, tt isu bructng up of ber moral tone. There is hardly a genulne moral pulantion in our body politic. “We are relaxed und norve- teas, and ina state whivd more resembles murit syncope than anything else we can think of, thing could more emphatically ilustrate the Uittlo real belief there ts Im revolution or in tho Christian code of mornta than the tgbt thrown. upon our dally Ife by the rocorda of thu so- cullod courts of juatico. A Tost of Innocence. A poor, palo seamstress was arraignod for thett in Parly. Sho appeared ut tho bar with ber baby of iL mouths on herurin. Sho weal to get some work one day, and stole three yola culns of ton frines each, tbo money was mbseud soon after she left her employer, and 4 servant wassent to bor room to claim it. Oo servant found her ubout to quit the room with the Lbres gold coing fn her hand, Sho euld to the servant, Tom going to carry thom back to you." Never- tholess sho was curried to the Counmlssionor of Polloe, aud be ordered her to be sent to the Po- Nee Court for trial. Sho was too poor to cugugoe wluwyer, and, whon usked by tha. Judgo whut. abo bid two ab w aay lor horelf, sje roplied; “The ia to tu" ' disnllowed, and on day Twont to my employer's t enreled iny © withing. [te wis nny neing, nit ts Pl wasn't poytne attention ta it ‘Ther eral pold colua on the mnntol-ple feline known fo nie, Ie atretehed ot its Hele baud ang selzod three pieces, whiet Pill not observe tins ti Tot hoine, Tat once put on my bonuet, ang was going liek to my Panileae ta return thom when U wag nrrested. ‘This {a tho solomn truth! a8 {hope for Heaven's meroy.” ¥ The Court could not bellove this atory. ‘Thoy upbraided tho mothor for bor impudence ti endeavoring to palm off such ama tho truth. ‘They besought her, for to retract s0 absurd n tale, for It e y offect Lut to obtige the Court to sentence her to A tnuch Kevoror punishment thin they were dir. Dosad to Inillot pon ne so young and avidontly 80 deep In poverty, . ‘These uppents hnd no olfect, except ty isthen tho ry mothor’s pertiunctoig jee to hor original atery, As this frine na susiniiicd by that look of tn neg tho most adroit criminal ean never cai the Cottre was at song loss to dfser what- decision Justice dominded. ‘To relieve tholrombarrassment.onoof the.ttidges proposed to renew the ne decribed by the mothor, ‘Threy gold coins wore pluced on tho clerk's table. ‘The mnothor was reqtecated to ussume tho osition in which aho stood ut hee omployer's houdy. There was then tt breathtoss pause ty court, Tho baby soun tdlscovered the bright colns, oyed then for i moment, smiled. and then ntrotched forth Its tiny hand and elutehed then, Iw its nyora with a imigcr’s cuyerness., The mothor was at once aequitte A NATIONAL DANGER, The Pension Proposition of Gongrese man Deering—Mow the Paymonts in Al Probability Would 20 lun Up to , Hundreds of MUitons Annually. Dispatch to Philudelphht Prean, Wasimsaron, D. C., Jan, L—Tho pension legisiation of the past few yours ling been a disgrace to Congress, Polltteal demagorery of the lowest «description has characterlzet nearly evgry measure presonted for the rellet of pensioners. ‘Thu capture of what is termed thu “goldler vote” has been the main object In view of buth parties while passing Uills to swoll the pensionslist, But few Re- publicans linve dared to oppose measures, however crnde and {ll-ndvised, presented by Demoerats, an there is hardly a member of the majority who has ralsed his volce In op position to Ditls which bestow mill- fons annually from the ‘Treasury upon soldier claimants without any safegnards nantnst frauds or forgerles. Prior to the Ohio State election, when Goy, Foster was the Republican candidate and Gen. Tom Ewlng was hts Democratic opponent for Governor, Hora wasn great strugelo for the capture of the soldier: voto of the Buckeye Stute, Gen. A, V. Rice, ‘the Democratic candidate for: Lientenant-Governor, was Chairman of tho Connuittee on Invalid Pen- sions, and he used his opportunity to the best political advantage. Iewns recognized by, Speaker Randall ut: every opportunity, nnd he obtained the passage of thousands ol Individual Pension bills, .1t was Gen. Itee who prepared the o: renal arrears-of-Penslons act, butit contained such an enormous pro- position to pension disloyal as well 1s loval soldiers that it never way considered hy the louse. The act while! by Mr, Cummings, of Iowa, and was carried Under a-suspenslon of the rules, on motion of Mr. Maskell, of Kausas. ‘he one saving cliuse In the net making appropriuttons for the paynient of arrears of pensions, approved Marelr 3, 1870, was a proviso limiting the tine within’ whleh thie Ming of x clan for pension enrries with Ie the payment of are rears to duly 1, 1880, Mr Deering of Lown, on the 20th wit iitroduced a BIW in the liotise, wich was referred to the Conunittes on Inyalid Penstons, Fepen| fing tho limitation elause of the net of Mareh 3, 1879. Should this bill piss, thy pension Het would in all robavilitv bu run up to hundreds of mill- ons aunuAlly. THE DUTY, OF CONGRESS. One of tha first duties which the Forty- seventh Congress should perform isto revise thé Pension hiws, creating new regulations ‘) for the management of the Pension Bureau devising safeguntds for tho protection of honest pensioners, and providing ndequate menns for the prevention of frauds and the piinishment of. dishonest elu Penston Appropriation Hil. re by the House gave $50,000,000 “for the ex penses of tha. Pension. Burewn for the next isent year. Last year $32,404,000 were ap propriated. for pensions, and there |6 vdeo. Jidluney for the’ fiscal ear which ends next Jung. of $17,600,000, Whe tha Arrears bill passed the House some members fisisted tint the cnornious sum of $25,000,000 would bé-re- quired to mect its provisions. ‘Phe chief adyo- edtes of the Dil demled that such alarge sum would, be necessay On the tstof last Nu yember 324,600,48727 had been paid out for arrenrizes ulone, AC that date 282,507 Ive original elaiing were still pending nthe Pen sion Mureau. ‘Che ayernga arrears ‘of cach pensioner on the. Ist fg computed to bo S500,539, . The average aniount: of arrears on first’ payment is By 100. Supposin that 10 ner centot the 28,507 original elains are tho remafniler, 108,518, an avernie of $1,100 fs paid, the sum total will be $212,200987.87, Mr, Uubbetl, in his recent speech in the Tonge, eathunted thut the prob- able aggrexzate of the arrears of penslans alone would renel $243, 114,800, ‘htsis simply tho first payment. ‘Thoavernge further annial payment mide to cach pensioner, after the Airst payment has bee made, fs Silas. Tho annual penslon-list now requires LT, 007.0, exclusive Of arrearnges, Adding to this sta the 107,818 cases, requiring for their qumual payment $20,443,512.12 more, and the grand total’of the wnnial Jist Is $46,600,418,73, any years will elapse before this sum will begin to deersase from natural enuses, Now elas are belng filed at the rite of 1,500 per mouth, As there are no lnipending elections In which the soldier vate 1s necessary to the success of the Democratic party, It'Is to bo hoped, in view of the disares elven nboye, that Mr. Deering’s DH! will not be passed this sesslon. -As over fifteen years have elapsed, sines the close of the war {t may rensonabl be expucted that the inembers of tho ne: Congress will remember that there are t payers In the United States us well us yet- eran. While granting Mberal: Justice to the Intter tho rights of the former should not be entlraly disregarded, ——— ‘* A Snake Story. Xtntlta Ties, A sportamnn, who ponetrated into the Jungle lying between’ Muddob and Siratyoon, © came upon u lone but Joa district called Campong Butta, upon tho roof of which thy -akin of ait enormous bou or python was spread out. The! hut was occuplod by a Malay und bis wife, who told the sportsman the following extraordinary: story: Ono night about 0 woek previous the Malny was awnkened by tho ories of bis wife, Supposing, in tho darkness, that she bad been attieked by thieves, be seized bis sharp paring and gropod his way to hor sloepmg-pluce, where bis baud fell upon an sling reptile, Jt waafully a niluuto before he could ‘comprehend the entire -blttion, and when he did be discoverod that tho whole of tia wife's arm hud been drawn down the monster's thront, whither the upper part of her body wus slowly but suraly follows, Not duriug (to attack the: monster nt anew, for feur of causing “his wife's douth, “tho tebana “wolzed two bis withhi rench and comuieneed stuffing thom inte the corners of the suuke's Jaws, by means of which ho auccceded tn ferolng thom wider npen and releasing bls wife's urm,. No gooner had the bon lost his proy than he attreked the husband, who ho bean enolroliing In nis fatal coils, but, holding out both aring and watching bis oppor , tunity, the man attacked tho manster 0 vigor ously with his as that ft suddenly unwound ftaulf and vanished through an opening bonenth tho nttep sides of tho hut. ‘Vho Sulay’a clothes: wore covorod with blood, ng was also tho Hour of tho hut, aud his wifo's arm was bluo with the equeozing it recelved between the bon'd dJuwe. Atdny! ght tho husband discovered hls re of plantaiy trees nearly ruiued, the boa aving in hig ayony broken aif the treed ut the roots, and in tho midat of tha débrig lay tho monater ttaclf, dead, Tha Maluy stated wut he hud runiized £60 from Chinese, who came long distances to purchase pieces of Nesh on uceount Of Its supposed medighial properties, and tut bo hud retused #6 for tho skin, whlch hu pre ferred to retaia ws a tropy, ————a Singular Accident to a Chitd. Aunaoe (Me) Whig. Tn this city yostorduy afternoon n bright little follow nainad Harry Domelty, betwoon Wand T yeurs of nye, while at play mot with a terrible and probably fatal aceldunt, Harry wats sliding bickward ona sled, in the rear of tho house, holding tu his hand 4 pointed instrument about twelve fect tong and culled 1) foundries a vent wire.” Tn attempting Go make bis sled yo u lit tle faster, thy boy ly some way dropped tho wire in such 0 manner that the polit plerced tho lows er ondof bis back on tho right side und enime out on tho right aldo of tho ubdomen, tho wiro mau entirely through and finpallug tbo body, Lh wire, which was qulte rusty, was extracted by the pineky boy himself, The two opeamss of tho wound were found ta be eleven Inches apart, A phystolan wag called, but wo uiider stand that hy gave It as bls oplalon that the wire had pasaed through tho Iver, and that his serve feces could avall but litte. Tt wag reported (036 night that the boy wae compamitively comfort ublo, though ho was not expected to durviye the injury. 4 _————__ een hmont fs neglocting to use De. Bull's Cough 8yrup., Price only 23 cunts u battle, a More bealth, suuabino, qud Jo fu Hop Bitters tt Bull der. ; du all other reuiedi dl pags was drafted: t