Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 21, 1880, Page 4

CHICAGO 'TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, DECEMBER rere 21, The Tribune. TURMY OF SUBSCRIPTION, HY MAIL-IN ADVANCE: Joaliy edition. one yea Varin ofa gear, por in Jnuly and Sunday, one 7 Whee mend, and Satta, DOr Ye Monduy ready, nnd Friday, per yon binuny, nyo wilitLOn, POLS UE v» REY EDIT! OSTAGE PREPATI. v Ene eapy, Clunat ie Swumts-one Spectmon copies sent free. : Give Puat-Onica address in full, including County and Stnte, « Htemittinnees may bo made other by draft, etpress, Poxt-Uitico onter, or in roulstered letton at our risk, ‘TO CITY SUNSCRINERS, ° Natty. delteored, Sunday excepted, 2S cants ner week. Dally. delivered, Sunday inctnded, 30 conta per waar. Address {VLE WHULHUNE COMBAN Y, Corner Madieon and Dearburn-sta, Chicago, (IL, eee POSTAGE. Entered at the Poal-Ofire at Chteago Tl, as Second= Class Mutter, Fortho tenent ofourpntrons who desire to sont flaste evpies of TH8 TRIMENE thruuuh the nial wo kive herewith tho transient rte of postage: Jomestic. Fishtand Twolve Pag Biatven Page Vapors, Teht and Twelve Page Paper. bixteen Powe la TRIDUNL BRANCIL OFLICES. CHCA TRTUESE has established branctt omtecn for the recolpe vt subseriytiuns and udvertise- inpntens follows: DEW YOUK—Room 29 Tribune Building, FADDES, Manager, ASUOW, Scotland—Allan'’a Americatt u'r, Mee News Hrontey's Theatre, Jinndoiph street, betwen Ulark and Lasalle, En= Fazement of darrott and Itive’s company, “Fun on the Bristul” Grand Opernsttonse, Cink atreet, opwistt new CourtHonse, mientot Minnie Putiner, “Minnie Paluor's Bchovl.”* Engnzes, Boarding MgVicker's ‘Theatre. Madison streot, between Suto and Vonrborn. Engngement of Merraiann, Haverty's Thentres Fenrhorn street, corner of M ee of Hice's combination." Calls Engagemont hentres WItandotph, Engaze- Stucum"" oismpte Clark stroat. Leiween Litk ment of Frank 1 Frayne. Central Mute Halt, Corner of Itunde aireets, Lecture by 1. Saw Busenl." Freach SOCI. INGS. ASTILAIL LODGE NO. 3B, A. roceting this Tuesday vente i Bese Ry Whe frat A. M.—Uogular shirp for busi- iy Invited. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 21, . 1880, NEW-YEAR'S CALLS, Phas been the eustom of Tne Caicaco THnTNK to;mention, de a pleaxant anit modest way, the memes of ladies in Chieaga and tle suburbs whe tcantt heep “apen hones" on New=-Yeara Day. Che tae futa proved a pledaant ant uasefad one, the rexpneca wocre gener, and the eating of cand and note writing wae gl once pereetvcd. Tt tx the desire of Tun Turuune to present. tn tle isoue of “rltay, Dee. 41, 183), & contplete ant full tet af the named of al ladies tho wit receive me the follawing day. We therefure suyuyeet that alt in Chicago and vicin« ity eho propose keeplag “open house,” and whet mentlan made of the same, will notify Tae Tine unten ur before Thuratay, Dec, 39. In xonding dn nanier the fallacy fore eauld he abacreed: Michigan Avenue, No, H12—Mra. Smith and the Misses Smith, ee ees Tw Top of -Lonistana, 3 Jin exceflent* condition tis year, There his deen a targe Increase, it every spanish of the State except one. Complaints of wet weather are very general, but grinding will be fine Ished early in danunry, ‘The gathering of the cotton crop, on the other hand, hts been set bnek by the frequent rains; and, though the recelpts up to this thne at market have been as Jargu as last year, the whole crop will be considerably smaller, ‘The Memphis papers show that the November and Decent ber reeelpts are no Indication of the size of the total efop, Tur New York Heratd seeks to quiet the * apprehensions of drain-shippers In the East as to the effect of the completion of the new Welland Canal on the course of ‘trade, It says the result will be the bullding upof Uswego ast recetving polit, and” thint t0 exe port graln will necessarily he diverted: from New York City. Tut the Budala Commer clal Advertiser doesnot share thls comfort. ing belief, “It yhows that the competition of Jate years lias not been between Duthie and Oswego, but between Oswego aud Montreal, and the Canadlan elty has conipletely worsted {ts rival, ‘Che fallowlng table shows tht the reevlpts of Western grain at Montreal have standlly fnerensed during, the last, fifteen while they have ag steadily deerensed vORO? 15 Blour, bri Wheat, bu... hi Gs liye, bis Marley, tus), Vess, Ou, "vow rate, | aalra| Tae P57 170] TI Tn view of these facts, It will ba wise for the New York Legisinture to, prepare in tine to meet the confpetition of the enlarged Welland Canal by adopting the most Hberal polley toward the Erie Canat system, to understand why Judge sor dhontd bo un Ohio mat. Mrs mloubtedly a oud lawyer, but hid rin the Bemity and strong alvooncy: precited cttrrcncy hive put inspired the country at hirge With any particularly profomnid contideacy tn hia Judgiient.—Bonten tdvertiser, Pho Advertiser ts guilty of # falsehood In saylng that he advocated a depreeluted cure Tency, as ho was 8 hard-money man anda strong resumptlonist, ut there was some thing he was gullty of that should keop Ulw off the Supreme Benchs Mo acted tho part of a lobbyist or attorney for Jay Gould & Co, In fightlng tho ‘Thurman Dil requirlug the Puciie Rallways to apply onesquarter of thelr net profits on the bonds Jonned to them by the Government. ate fought most strenuously for the cormorants; hw could not have worked harder against the publig Interests and for the Ratlrond Ring if he had had $100,000 contingent feo depend- ing om the defent of the DIL “He oxhlbited most Unseemlng zeal agulnst the Government nnd in bevalfof that grand swindle, the Pa- elfie Railroad Byndloate, In that contest he showed himself to be devoted body and brains ta the pretensions of railroad corpora. Uons, Carrying such views on the Hench, Blanley Matthews would simply be a railroad lawyer on the Benéh to work against the veuple and In defense of rallway extortlons, dle Is chock-full of ideas about “vested rights," “Dartmouth decisions," and the bucredness of feudal privileges. eens — Write the Demoeratle editors In Tuyo. Weods' own Judielal cireult (without excep Hon, 40 fur as wo have observed) approveot - his promotion to the Supreme Bench and peak of his character ank attalmments Inthe highest terms, the Bourbon brethren at a distance frum his field of Inbors with equal unaulinity denounce bin as “a medtocre Jawyer” and “a carpet-bagger’? ‘The Charleston News and Courter, for instance, says hé has “no quulltications for'the office and is “well known tobe a jrdiciat medi- serlty’s and the Memphis appeal says “he ds the spawn of the earpet-bay era In tho South, and his judictal capadtlities aro com- monplace-guite so." Which set of authori- tles are to be belleved—thosa residing in the Judicial eirenit: whieh Judge Woods has honorably presided over for so many years, had whose very ilattering testlmonials to his enpacity and worth are ‘piven In another column, or thosa it other cireutts, whose opportunities for knowing tho trath are very Umited? Front one point of view the opinions of the Charleston and Memphis papers are the mora valunble, They show tho disposition of the Bourbon press of the South to denounce as nn Igno- ramus and mseal, « priort, any Northern matt who may settle In that section and ellie to his politleat principles. Judge Woods tins been amply vinileated by his political op- ponents at home. Ile ts an exception to the rule that a prophet is not without honor save in hits own country. en A REMARKAILE dispatch appeared In Te, Cueauo Trmuxe a few days sinec to tho effect that a great © Anti-Land League” tneeting was held recently at Monaghan, one of the Protestant countles in the North of Treland, presided over’ by Lord Rossmore, the heavfest landlord in that county, and that resointions were passed “declaring an equitable selttement of the land question ab- soliftely necessary; a settlement giving land forts falr rent and tenants protection from rack-rents and capricious evictions.” At the first glance the action of the niecting, an antleLaand Leagne meeting, world seem to be gn anomaly, as tt demands from the or ermment and the lindtards substanthdly what the Leaguers claim, A’ dlspatel in our col- umns of yesterday gives fuller details, ex- plains the aetion of this Monaghan antl- League meeting and others of a similar eliar- aeter, and shows that Mr. Darnell has substantially won tho Jand-reform game. ‘The Orange Monaghan meet- Ing owas «the = first step laken fn Protestant counties, representing 1,200,000 people, by Irish Inndiords, both Liberal and Couservative, and indorsed by many mem: bers of Parliament, favoring what are now known In England as the “Three F's — namely: fair rent, fixity of tenure, and free sales of leaseliold, ‘These three F*s were made the platform of the Protestant Monaghan meeting, and also at a meeting of laudtords in Armagh, another Protestant county. ‘The three F's, whielia year ago would never even have been considered, are now advoeated by the Londou Tne as the eastest method of establishing 4 peasant proprictary. ¢ A warren in the New York Stn believes that farm-mortgages are not such gilt-edged Investments as they are comidnly repre- sented to be. ‘The conmlsstons charged for wetting the loans are enormous. On an ad- vance of 31,000 the Loan & ‘Trust Company retains 10 per cent, or $100; the sub-agent takes 5 per cent more on the original su, leaving the farmer but $350 for hls note for the fill mount rt 10 per cent. ‘The rate of Interest tnder these clreumstances is really not 10, but a trifle over 14 per cent. Now, while the agents are realizing thesa enormous aiins they have strong induee- ments not to protect thelr. principals In the East. ‘Tho value of the lind fs commonly overstated. ‘ho mortgagor fs obliged to fnswer a great munver of frivolous questions about himself and his family, but is per- mitted wide latitude In fixing — the yalus of his properly, Hence arent sums of money have been lonned on insufllelent seenrity... Ino one county In the Golden Belt of Kansas there are 2,28 farins of 10 neres each, Of these 1,100 are mortgaged to the total amount of $1,500,000, The farmers are paying $150,000 0n Jand mort- wages alone, to say nothing of chattel mort- gages, mnchine notes, store bills, aud delln- quent taxes, The taxes are from 3 to 5 per cent on” fall valuation, which. the Trustees are required tnder onth to make. If there were any yacant public: lands, nine-tenths of these mortgaged lands would be aban- doned, and. the’ mortgngees would suffer heavy lass, As It is, the farmers stay on compulsion. Many will move away, the In- stant Oklahoma is thrown open for settle- ment. HOW NOT TO Do IT, Tngenlous ns Congress Is upon occasion In devising inethods for skimming public business and working through measures of more or lesa priyale hmport, it Is even more fertile in expedients for wasting thine, Wo do net refer merely to the resolution to take A recess for two weeks over the holidays which passed yesterday through the concur- rence of the Senate, ‘That was to be expected. "The ‘hollday reeess has grown to be a custom which fins atmost the forey of a law, ant Is chiefly objeetion- able because, ones every two years, It breaks in upon a short session, necessitated by ‘the awkward arrangement of the Con- kressional terins, But tho waste of time preceding the argument. lortho recess, tho confusion, and absenteeism, and Inefleiency durlng tho enrly part of the sesston, a ropes titlon of thls experionce upon convening after recess, tha apparently oxhaustless uiethods for evading legistitlon, and the end- less discussion over rules and points of ore der, ave tho-princlpal clements of delay and do-nothlngisu,- This vacation ltself 18 not nearly so serious a nintter as Its prelimina- vies nnd sequences, ‘There is an Infinit tinount of demagogism Ina pretense of opposition thereto. ‘Iwo or three of the Sensntors’ who voted against concurrenco last week left for thelr homes the night fol; Jowing, One Senator who was in his seat yesterday for the first thie this session arrived there just in tine to yote for the propusod recess, Senator Dawes oxplained that only twiee during the. past twenty-four’ years had thera been a failure to take a vacation aver Christmas and New-Year'’s, and that, in thase years, no bustness was ae- complished beeause of a luck of n quorum and the absences of prepared logisin tion, Yet tho Sonate took for the dis- eussion of the resolution several hours which would hayo served to advanes tha public business, andl assoon asthe resolution for sajourmment had been adopted there Wis taclt agreentunt that the thine before the recess, three days, should be given np to little matters, and thus Ignore tha four. ap- propriation bills that have been sunt over from the Howse, 5 ‘The House 1s worse than the Sonnto In its aisuso of time, After the sense less debate over the Morgan jJolné rulo had been abandoned by tho Democrats, it, was announced that business, was to recelye undiylited attention, and that the consideration of the Refunding bill should only give way te the nppropfriation billy, ‘Thon 8 small portion of ane day was given up to speeches, and tint was the lust that has been heard of tha Refunding act, Private bills, and Committee hobbies, snd a Jack of quorum have. dled up most of the thne.: Yesterday, for lustatce, it was ingisted thatthe Committees must oxercise their right under the rules to report back any pet meas- ures, Move o& suspension, and put the duly upon their passage. ‘Che tt measure was to Tepedl the two-cent stamp now required for bank-chvcks, It may be admitted that thls proposition hag w certain lmportance, though suburdinate tu other mutters en hand; but itdid not warrant a debate for an hour or two upon the point whether or not it had been reported by the Committee legith- tnately Invested with the consideration of tho subject, ‘Uhe only remark bn that debate of nny significances was ninte by Mr. Springer, who said that bills wero frequently reported from Improper Committees, and this was an uncouscious Joke. When tho House got fo: the merits of tho case, It was found that an unusually Inree majority favored the repeal of this tax, but Ineked,n few. votes of the two-thirdsneces- sary for a suspension of the rutes atid the summary passage of the bil, ‘There fs some- thing to be sald on both sides, of the propo- sition, It ‘fs undoubtedly a tax that would never have been thotight of except in the emergency of war tines, when Conmress taxed pretty much everything, and tliere Is little logic in It. ‘There seems to be no good reason why -ntax should be imposed upon people for drawing money ont of banks which they have placed there upon deposit, At the same {tme, It isa tax which fuvolves ho cost for collection, and is not oncrous upon any parlicular clays, while It protinces an annual tevenue of nearly $2,000,000, It Is evident that it will be repeated whenever the proposition shati come up in regular order, but that may not occur, ‘The repeal of the Mateh-Stamp act with receive even wider support, Indeed, It may be expected that the surplus revenue will, In this and other ways, be reduced in part, and tn part grabbed at by the subsidy-hunters, who will. make 1 show of — their strength after tho holidays. It does not sec to occur sesiously to anybody to em- ploy a substantial portion of the surplis for the support of the public-scheol system, though that proposition, fairly explaiued to the country, would bo tho most popular project o£ the day, oa When o large part of the afternoon had heen exhausted Ina technical discussion of the rights of Comiittees, which ted to no practleal result, there was little timo left, up to the usnal hour of adjournment. If Com- iilttecs were less jealons of thelr rights and more particular about thelr dutles, the work of Congress would progress much more rap- idly, ‘The theory Is, that publle business Is chiefly disposed in Conuntttee, but enses are constantly arising which show that the Com- nilttees do not net fairly, nor from any sense of Nationality, in mnking up their reports, an Instance of this occurred yesterday afternoon, The Committee.on Weights and Measures reported a bill to establish an As- say Oflice at St. Louis, with appropriations therefor. ‘Tho peeultar urgency of this bit of public patronage for St. Louis, which de- manded a suspension of the rules,’ was not auite apparent; nevertheless, there seemed to be no objection to it, and the blll received the necessary two- thirds of these voting, but a quorum did not. vote, and it way outy necessary for a single member to make'a point of order to that cf- fect to defent this fittle DHL Such na point ought to have been made by one of the Chi- engo members, because there isan identical bill providing for an Assay Oftice in Chicago which the Committee ought to have Included tn its report, but did not. The reason why Chicago was not favored with the sama urgency fn this matter is beeause Missourt has & member on that particular Committee, and HlInols has not. Mr. Bland took card’of St. Louls, but there was nobody to look out for Chi- exgo, ‘This Hittle speelmen of eonnnittee- work illustrates the sectionalism, individu- ality, and consequent discrimination that are permitted to Influence the netion of Comnmit- tees, Noone ean deny that guen Influences. are reprehensible and hazardous Inn system* which intrusts'almost the tinal disposition of Jegisiation In the hands of Committees. ‘The new rules of the House seem to have been espechilly framed with the purpose ot delaying business, whereas thelr mission ought, obviously, to be the reverse.’ ‘They gre contradictory 11 some respects, and are constantly opening up opportunities for va- lous constructions. ‘The Speaker himself apperrs to bo uncertain of thelr purpose, and he yacillates and hesitates in nenrly nll cases where. canens mensture or party advantage Is not involved, Rules are monsters that grow by what they feed on, and increased complications In the future that shall maine taln the proportion of the fhicrease in the past’ will exclude all possibility: of serious, systematic, and: efficient work. Tho pro- ceedings of Congress are governed rather by arbitrary rules and precetents than by sny method. In. the Senate, the absence of all rates and that refinement of courtesy which gives every Senator as much Heense as‘all'the others together, fre- auently leads to quite ns much ehaos as In- terminable dlseusston In the’ Houso over the relative welght of conflicting precedents and varying constructions of parliamentary prac- tee, ‘The Congress that shall succeed in re- duelng proceediigs ton business-tke method, will be of more service to this country than. can be defined. But, even then, we presume that n long suecession of methodlen! bodies WII be necessary to overcome the traditional obstructions that have accumulated during nemty a centr Congress has two full days before tho re cess aljourninent, but nothing will be done, Many members of both Houses have already disappeared, Many more will go to-day. By to-morrow it is doubtful whother a quorum ean befound, Congress will have no finished ttuslness to show for its three weeks’ session, If the discussion on the Refunding bit be re- tewed to-day, it will be braken off in tha wniddia and whl need to beghi de nove after tho recess, when many more members will come primed with speeches Uhan would have been prepared if the measure had been Urged forward after Itwas first taken wp. It may be that Congress will do, in the end, all that ia netually essentint to the needs of tho Government. There {s certaiuly no reagan why it Should not. By there Is a long st of Important matters that will not bo con- sidered at all, —_—— ‘THE THREE }’s IN THE IRISH QUESTION. Adward Strachey, @ writer af great prom nenes in England, has contributed an article to the London Spectator upon the threes Es, whieh contains some yaluqble suggestions, He chats that tho fair rent should be one which can be pal without exhausting elther the capltat of the tenant of the tilyrent ro sonrees of the sol], and upon this polnt ho enyss ‘The landtord who Is prudent enough to desire the lurgest possible rotuen that his hind can give bin, yrurafter your, docs not demand a reut which neither the@apneltics of the lind nor of the tenant can pormutiently yleld. Pye looks for a tale” rent. He knows chit whut thls should bo Ja tot to bo nscertutnod by tho compegition of bendints reek toss trom hunger, but by & skilled: oxumination’o£ each case, ceed The sveond F—fixity of tenure—Is tha perlodleal readjustment of rents, and with- outsuch a fixity no tennnt eny apply bine self to such w regular and continuous ciltl- yation af his Jand as will-best develop Its resources, “Fixity of tenuro sng casentlal aga fale rent to the Jandlord’s fiterest; the preelse form which It should take fn Lretand {gs only a question of ndapting! means tv an ond” ‘Phe third P—fide sulo—ueans. treo sale, not of lands, but of teages, Upon this volnt Mr, Strichoy cButends that tt Is Just on the one hand that theesgenant should restare the tang. with all the Inherent resources, Jn “the state glu which he: took it, and that) he, » «the = other Jhand, shold be compobfated for. ull that ‘fe ins added to the Iand by his ex- poutllture of capital and industry upon it dtiring Is aecupation, ‘These threo F's, which are now so strongly urged by tha land- Jordd tt tho North of Iretand, are substan- tinll} the great principles for which the Land League and Mr, Marnell haye been contend: Ing within tho Mmits of the tnw, and by the agency of * Boycotting,” which isn method of morn! pressure by non-intercourse, and {s ‘exercised by avery trades-unton which Boyvotis “ents? by lawyers wha Hoycott shysters, by ductors who Boycott unpro- fessionals, and by clergymen who Boycott ‘Heretics,—that 1s, refuse Lo have anything to Uo with them. The,Land League has recetved AA unexpected and powerful assistance from thé po-cnlled anti-~.and League. However intch it may differ from the Intter In religious dogimas, when it comes to rack-ronts ‘vnuth. evictions, - tholr interests ore allled, mnt, now ‘that they lave Joined hands, !t fs reasunnble to expect that something will ba naccomplished, for the Protestant farmers of Ireland havo never yet asked concessions of tho 'Tortes but‘that they were compelled to grant them, ‘The altiance Is a powerful one, and with the London Timea at its back there is hope for fand re forin In Irotand, i¢ thu persecuted victlns of Engtish Iandtordism have the patienco to sevk the redress of their grievances through the agency of the Jaw and without resort to violence, AMERICAN OCEAN TRAFFIC, That part of tho report of the Wash- ington Bureau of Statistics relating to the commerce of the United States with foreign countries recites the now famil- fay story of the deeadence of American geenn-going vessels and tho comparative Inereass of our trade performed by forelgn bullt and owned vessels, ‘The total tonnage of American vessels engaged in the foreign trade has fallen from 2,570,500 tons In 180 to 1,914,402 tons [11 1880, The Commissioner telis to whole pitinble story In the figures showing that since 1850 there hns been an tnereaso in the tonnage entered at American seaports of vessels of every nationallty except of those carrying the American fing, "The tonnnge of British, German, Swedish and Norwegian, Itollan, French, Spanish, Austrian, Belgian, and Russian vessels entering American ports has Inrgely Increased, while that of American vessels enterlug our own ports has fallen off, This Is 9 case where there is no dispute or controversy as to the existing facts. ‘The forelgn commerco—that 13, our exports and Innports with foreign countries—exceeds ft- teen hiundred millions of dollars a year, of which trade over $2 per cont Is carried In forelgn vessels, ani a fraction over 17 per centonly is done in American vessels, ‘The arrying trade hag during the Inst.twenty rs been revolutionized as to the character of the vessels engnged In it. Steam, iron, and steel have largely taken the place of wood and sal, ‘The United States has inexhaustible stores of fron and con), and it ts elaimed that for purposes of shipbuilding Ajierican tron is greatly superlor to European tron. Never- theless shipbuilding ling dectined tn this country and has increased in other countries to the extent Indicated In the statement of the proportions of the tonnage now engaged in our trade. Allthe commercial nations of Enrope have been bullding ocean-going vessels of Iron and steel; they lave bullt vessels to engage in American trade, ‘he fact that the United States had ceased tobulld shipsforocean traf- fic, and had offered its entire carrying business fowhomsouver would takeit,-had practically shauled down its fing over-all merchant: ves- -sels,—hins tnspired all the countries of Europe. to bulld vessels to haul merchandise over the ocean to and from the United States, Even to to tho carrying business for tho great Ameriean Ropubiic, which has practically abandoned the business, 2 Why has this chajige taken place, and why Nas building of ships for forelgn trade been abandoned in the United States? 3 Shipbuilding in ‘the United States has ceased to be profitable. ‘The cost of building anocean ship in this country is so much in excess of whatit Is in other countries that an Amerlean-bullt vessel cannot be operated In successful competition with ships built elsewhere, Our superior iron and othor ma- terial, our superlor workmanship, our supe Tiorlty In all meehanieal and Inbor-saying ap- pliances, all fall to compensate for the greater cost of labor, materini, and Interest on cnpl- tal, Our vessels being unnble to compete with the cheaper-bullt vessels of other coun- irles, capital, finding more profitable employ- mentin other pursilts, has rofused to en- gago tn shipbullding, and so shipbuilding has been suspended, - + The abandonment of tho business by tho United States has thrown shipbultding matn- ly Into the British shipyards, The Drlt- ish shipbullders ean construct onean steam ers cheaper than the high-tariffed Americans can, and cheaper than the German, tho Keleton, Sceoudinayian, Austrian, French, and Spanish shipbuilders ean do. It alt the nations of the world adopted the American polley, thon all the yessels built tor the com- merelal, marine would be Lrltish vessels, owned by British subjects, and Great Britain would In time own nll tho ships tn the world engaged In foreign trade. . But tho other nations of tho earth hayenot adoptett the foolish Amenean potley. Una- “bie to Mulld cheap ships ourselyes, we go without them, and hire forelgn ships to do our carrying busiyess, Other countries, un- able as we are to bulld cheap ships In eom- petition with tho British, purchase ships from the British, or, which {s the same thing, have ships bullt for them in the British yards, and employ these ‘ships successfully in tho American trade. Even old Spatn ts flaunting the Spanish ting In Amorlean wa: ters, carrylng goods for the Americans, who have no ships of thelr own, 5 ‘Tho United States, by Its tariff Inws In- creasing the cost of building vessels in this country, lias prohlvlted that braneh of {n- dustry and reduged our shipbullders to the condition of.paupers forever asking alins of Congress, Having prohibited the buildin of Atmorican shins, the Congress has. further prohibited the purchase or ownership of a Soreign-bullt vessel ‘by an American citlzen; that fs, it prohibits Sho enrotinent of such shtp under an Aumérican register, The merchants and oitkens of the United Stntes are, therefore, prohibited by law trom building or buylng, or paving bullt for them, any vessel to bo ofumloyed In the forelgn trade, pnd hence It lsyyno surprise thut the Dereoulage of American. tonnage engaged In the American trade with foreign countries is now less than 18 percent of the whole, It will only require a few yeara wore when there will not be an Amerfean morehant-yes- sel engaged {n carrying Amorlean goods to any forelgn country or In bringlag hither exe change products,“ ‘This condition of Amerlean commerce and this condition of Aneriean law on the sub- Ject is pecuttarly Ameriean, No other nation bas such haws, and no other nation 13 reduced: tasuch a pltiable condition In this respect. ‘Our laws Were those in force generally sev- erul centuries age, but long sinve abolished ‘dil other countries, We cling to them with remorseless stupldity, We prefer to go with out Amerlean ships than to allow onr people tu buy shing where they can get them: we Insist that any American who wants n ship must pay 40 per cent more for it at home than he can get ono for elsewhere, and then, when ho Is not permitted to buy or to bulld, there fs a wall from those who tnsiston these laws over the Nattonal eatamity and loss of having no American vessels engaged in tho foreign trad £ BUFFALO'S OREEK, The Buffalo Brpress, Inn two-column article of stntisties, vaunts Itself over tho business of its “ereek” and thinks that there isn great deal of harbor there besides the “creek.” 1 prints the arrivals and clenr- ances of vessels during the senson of 1880, the ngeregate tonnage ot the same, tho cus- toms dues recelyed., ete., ote, and makes a vory handsome showing, which encourages ft to blow its horn and exalt Itsclf. White wo would not disparage the anelent and con- servative Town of {uffalo, we are neverthe- Jess constrained by a strict regard for truth to remark that tiis is not-DBolfato’s eom- merce, but the commerce of Chicago and other Inke ports, Itls our grain sacking the New York markets: via the Erle Canal and xetting into Duifale Creek from tho foot of Lake: Erie, whero it meets tha canalvonts and fs elevated from the vessels with them. Buifato is sim- ply a toll-house where tolls are levied upon. Chicago grainen route to New York, New England, and Europe. Chicago enpltalists buy the grain from tho producers, Our grain: dealers sent out, west to the Missourt River, northwest to Manitoba, sonthwest to the In- dan ‘Verritory, scouring half h million square miles of territory, purchasing the grain and paying for lt. Some of the grain bought by Chiengo dealers goes to Milwattkeo on ace count of the Inadequacy of our warehousing, and is sent forward from thore, and sone of it goes by rail to Toledo, wheneo It is for- warded by vessels to New York via Butfalo, The great bulk of It, however, is shipped vin Butlalo, whence it goes east by canal, tho residue golng by rail. ‘Tho funof itis that thy Buffaloes are complacontly hugelug fo themselves tho delusion that they purchase and collest the crops, wherens In renllty thoy only squat at the mouth of the canal and levy tolls upon Chieago commerce, The statistics which they print correspond exactly with what wo ship there, minus tho losses of weight and leakage. While we do not question tho correctness of these sta- tistics, Itat the snmo tlne would only have heen fatr if the Eapress had eredited Chleago With haying made tho “ereek” quile a busy pinee. So long as Chicago. collects and forwards the produce Buffalo need not fear that she will not have opportunities of levy- Ang tolls thereon and printing very handsome tables of statistics avery year, EDUCATION IN THE SOUTH. It is well understood that the projected Natlonat fund in aid of common-seliool edu- eation 13 intended specially to benefit the Southern States, in which the defictencies are greatest and the disposition or menns to sup- ply them least. In view of this fact the sln- tistics contained in the Iast report of the Connnissioner of Eduention bearing on the condition of the Southern schools havo pc- cular interest and value, ‘They are based on the reports of tha State authorities for tho year 1878, the Jatest obtainable. ‘The follow- Ing table shows the aggregnte school popu- Jation, the total number of scholars cnrolied, the average monthly salary of teachers, and the total income of tho school funds in the sixteen ox-slave States: ENT y.¢nonth=| Schont| ment iy’ aatacy | Total in mrt in fof teachers.) come uf ublic |=—-————=| schools. lachoots.| Mate) Fem.| STANT ANS Br (wi) a bck ROS) AY iat 835,175. acne — TENORIO EHSL OLSEN One-half of the children of these States of school-age are growing up without education. ‘Two-thirds of the number, it is belloved, are colored.) New York and Illtnols havo a school-populution combined equal to one- half that of tho above States. But thelr an- nual expenditures for schools are one-half as much again‘as those of the States In ques- tion, Arkansas has less than one-sixth of her, ehildren enrolled—a most deplorable condition of affairs for a new and growing State. Louisiana has Jess than one-third en- rolled; and Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, and Virginia each less than one-half. ‘Tho following table shows the comparativo proxg- res of public-school education in the South in 1878 as compared with tho previous year: a8 (33| sf [32 e3 [2i| 33 132 ER [ea] 03 [EE da [i Sti e ise Had FREES LES] iin : sTieerenso, ‘Tho decrease In Virginia ts due to diynin- (shed appropriations by the State, the want of which has been especlatly felt im the col- ored schools, In Kentucky the progress backward has been very marked, There were 17,007 fewer inattendance in theschools dn 1873 than in 1877, and the expenditures: were considerably jess, while there wero 13,777 moro clhilldren of school age in tha State. Tho sinall increase In tho enrollment in-Arkansas is only about one thirty-fifth of the Inerensa of the scliool population, On tho other hand, Toxas shows a most gratify. lng Uberallty and thoroughness In the work of educating tho young. Its remarkable ex- hibit In this respect, it 1s hoped, dues not ex- Ist only on paper, but san be abundantly veriied by a personal inspection of the schools, ‘Tho contvary lmpression has pres yailed to somo extent, owing to the utterances of the present Governor of the State, whois known to bo something of a Bourbon, and to be personally unfriendly to the public-school system. ‘The great {mprovement in Missourl is believed to be, to some extent, due to the care which has been oxerelsed of tate In guthering the statistics rather than to any abnormal interest in tho subject itself, ‘The {nets hero presented fully Justify thoef- forts of Jtepublicans and liberal Democrats in tho Sennte to extend the benellts of the coin: non-school system over the wholecountry,and to invoke iu Its beliaig theactiveinterferenca and ald of the National Government, ‘The ice has been broken, as we. have shown, by Senator Uurnstde’s bil, ‘The theory of non “Interference has been destroyed, ‘Tho Dent- ocratio Senate has Itself declared that thora Jy no legal or moral objection to distributing the bounty of the Government over tho whole country, Tho only question that re- mains to be determined is one of degree, notof kind. ‘Lhe right and duty of creat- Ing u National fund have been established, and they iuyulve the obligation to mako that fund suMelent, As Tire Trmuns hae many times shown, the revenno arising from the Investment of the surplus from the sale of public lands and from patent-fees In excess of tho expenses of the office will be ridicu- lously inadequate. Thera are sound eco- nomial reasotis against ralsing Inte reve- nies ether from tho public Innds or the Patent-OMlee, and both sources of supply But tho Maquor tnx pro- vides & permanent and suflicient revenue will bo temporary, which might be most appropriately dovoted to this purpose. Instead of a few cents per capita, this tax would givo $1 per enpita tor all the popwation of the United States, or $4 per family, or $12.60 for each child of seliool- Age not now on tho rolls, There could not bea wiser use of the money derived from tho Indulgence of the worst appetites of tho people than its application to tho instruction of the children of the Nation. ———d Enxction abuses in Now England aro shown by the Springfeld Republican to be of the most titgrant description and constantly ine creasing. In Vermont, when a Nenningtonrail- ron} magnate wished to carry a local * point,” “Shirkshire"’ yoters were pald $2 apiece to xo blackberrying on olcction-day. It fa catimated that In the two Doston districts this yenr tho Amount oxpended wna in tho neighborhood of $80,000, In a close Stata like Connecticut bribery Stourishes, and politivinns are less willing ta exe pose aud stuy ifs sprond, ‘The UartCord Times nsserta thot “about a quarter of a million dol- Inra was tho sum used In Connecticut for Gar- Aeld"; but, after tha fashion of organs, it 18 BI- Jent concerning tho Jarge sums spent by Its own aide, Nothing like the eame umount of money ‘wus ever before expended in tho Nutmeg State, Now Haven probably saw more bribery than Hartford, Poltticlans in the Inttor city assert that the prices paid for yoters ranged from 60 cents up to $33, ‘This Inet sum was algo current- ly reported to have been paid at Suflictd.. An instance fs told of a littioboss whooffered ton men toone of the Hartford committees for $3 cach, and when told to take 5 for the lot, bolted tha ten to tho othor party and'recolved his $10, Ro- pubifcans pleture 200 old-fashioned Democratic Dummers who combined and held off untit 4p. for tho beet ples, It ts claimed " ored Republicana too fargaly by the Democrats, In New Humpshire at tho Inst cleetion votes brought from $25 to 876,aud both -partios bid for thon Over $100,000 waa spent for votes and Nquor in dlsyraceful election performances. Tho expense of political campaigns bas steadily inerenacd, and reports of bribery, diroct and indirect, havo of Atigustn alone {snot less than $10,000, and nobody doubta that tha Inst Soptomber election was inttuenced by a considerable fund gent into the Btate at tho. Inst moments by tho National Democratic Committee, The. Democrats do not deny this, but say that it was only an offact to the bribery practiced by tho Republicans, ——————— Tie Senatorial contest in Michigan ap- pears to be narrowed down to Mr. Conger, ex Qoy. Bagloy, and Senntur Baldwin, with tho chancos favoring ono of tho two last. Michigan fs fortunate in baving threo such distinguished names to present for the position, and, which: everot the throo mny bo elected, tho State will bo ably represented in the Uppor House, Without desiriag to bo officious In the mutter, Tus Trmuune feels constrained to re~ mark that in the clection of Gov, Bagley tho Btate would be peouliarty fortunate, His Re- publiennism ja of the true and tricd Bort, His gcrvices to tho State, publicly and privately, have been of o charneter which richly entitte him to such a recognition. His philanthroplo charaeter fig n oltizen, bis persona! bearing, his storling qualities of character, his intlexibto huneaty, and his wide popularity would combine to make him a Senator of whom tho State, for which ho hag dune so much, would have every reason to be proud, i Tire mystery of the overthrow of Kelly, when he bad succeeded in electing his man Mayor of New York, is thug oxplained by tha Nation: By ndovice the Tweod Hing resorted to—wo forget for what purpose—tho terms of a cortain number of the principal subordinates (tho Con- trollor among tho number) explro n fortnight befure the new Mayor cones into oltice, Kally, when he procured ‘the nomination und clection of Mr, Grace for tho Mayoralty, know that his torm in theControllarahip would oxplro beforo his own Mayor entue into ollicu, but he relied on the innbillty of Binyor Cooper to get anybody coutlrmed In his pinca by the Hourd of Aldcr- nich. nnd his own consequent ability to hold over until his own Mayor cauie in on the Ist of Jan- unry and reappoluted bim, ‘This oxpectution as been disappointed, oe Tur Now York Graphto hos paid its first dividend of 8 per cent on a capital stock of $750,000. Tha concern carns $100,000 a year, and willhorentter pay 6 per cont dividends, But ft lost money heaylly through ingentous manugo- ment for n series of yonrs, and muchof thostock was bought up by tho present holders at from soven ceuts tos cents on tho dollar. Many of tho Canadian stockholders were frozen out by tho cohl speil, Charles 31. Goodsell bus hnd gole business and editorial control of tho property for tho last two yenrs, << Tur vote of Boston at the late municipal olection wis; Helneo (Dom,), 21,200; Btebbing (Rep,), 20,704; seattoring, 14; total, 42,01, Tho yoto In November was: Huncock, 278 flold, 25,437; Weaver, 303; Dow, 60; total, 63,240. Bo that thoro wag A falllug off of 11,203 In tho vote of the city In Nye weeks, although tho local canvass was, unusually spirited and intercating, and the whole voto vast was tho Inrgest over known at tny municipal olcotion, with ono ex- coption,—1877. ro Braxgur’s now journal is caltad “Nt Diou, ni Maitro *—nolthor God nor muster, The boya cull st out so In tho streots of Paris. Evan Col. Ingersoll would not enjoy having a journal of that nume hawkcd about thot strocts of Now York, “Horo'a yer Neither God nor Master; full count tho shlpwreek," would bo a gurprise to tho natives, ——— Accanutxa to tho Bureau of Statistica, Ohlo has 72,612 horsca and 2,705 mules and aves, Tho numberof offlccbotdors ts not glyen, but of course she bagn’t as many as sbe thinks heraolt uutitied to, — PERSONALS, y The personal estate of tho Inte ox-Sherift William: Elttott, of Philadclpbia, amounts to B875,470. Gon, Schenek has fully recovered his health, and says be noyor had Mright’s discaso of the kidnoya, imma Abbott tolls a St. Louls reporter that tho stage kiss is a “cold, din, pato fautom,--unsatisfictory, olusive, and ompty,"* Miss Abbott should got a now tenor At once, Mrs. Jesse Grant hag left a most agreeable iuipresaion In Washington, Sho Ia a slender, willowy blonde, young and pretty, with ih, ,olunr-cut foaturos, A plousing voice, and winning manners, _ People in this country will be gratified to Journ that M, Loliet hus been dredylug the Son of Galilee and discovered that It contains twelvo kinds of tisk, Tho country cau now rest ensy over Chriatmas, * Wisconsin newapnpers frlendly to the Ben- Atorial ambition of H, W. Keyes compare him to tho Inte Zachariah Chandicr, Mr, Keyes is no doubt a nao of talent, but, bo will bardly il) “Old Zuch's ” shoes, Senator Burnsiila entortaing lke a Prince, He has retuincd bis servants and cook sluce army daya. The butter and yeyotables usod ot his Washington duners are made and ruled on bis Rhodo Island furin, “Con you make uscof aChristiing story 2? ask’ a person I Lake County, Certainly, we can give It toa bitnd man or gell ft to tho paper fuctory that wo deal with, just as you may see loct, Write agalu—to some other paper. A tremendous beating of gongs has been kept up olaht and day for weeks in the house of Feng Chavg Sung, 4 Chinese merchant of San Francisco, Tals bas been done to drive outa devil who bas Leon pestoring Sung’ pretty wifo, Bhe duyy that the monster bus lustrous greou m, election-day, standing across the street from the polls,and refusing to yoto for tholr own or any other party until thoy got, tholr % cach,— whieh thoy did from the Democrats. Mon aro known who regularly combine and sell out ut col." yoters have to-be bought by the considerably, a8 tho Irish are Concord and yicinity. Matne is notorious for multiplied inthe sumo ratio, It is commonly réported that the cost of an clection in the City eyes, red hair, blue skin, and a yellow ti vomes to her in the night, and jaan cxomtinn nudnelous fellow. Thodin tng nut Yetdistutyed him Tho Empress Eugénie Is a very won| woman, Rho bas estntes fn Mungary, Heed Franeo, Switzerland, Italy, and Ungland, she hs, Lestdes, tho product of savings and epocite ations and the jnsurances on tho life of hey Iaband, ~ ee A. colony of 500 white and eotored ents grants from Walton County, Georgia Is on ite why to Monroe, Ln., where it will Kettle. A teles grim says that tho Inrger part of tho volony consists of able-bodied white men and their fatnilles, A new weekly pubtication has been started at Datrott, aud at the hend of tho nehtl vole ‘mos Is nm notice stating that no person is nue thorizeu to ubtaln credit on bebatt of the piper, ‘Thia 1a tho mnidest, morriest Joku of the qld Christinus thno, Exchanges aay that " Nathan Barnes Gree. loy, the only brothor of Horace Greeley, tives ona farm near Erle, and is.ug poor n farmer ng waa tho great Journalist himacti." ‘this may he 80, but wo'll bot you dure not trade horses with bitn.—#rle Ierald, Gambetta, as he rises to spenk in the trite une, is deseribed ns a clumey, dullevtsaged man, dressed in iht-Otting and ehubby clothes. Init after a fow moments’ apenking he scons ane other being; his face Hghta wp, bis gestures are telling, and his voice has tho resonant tones of a mun of power, Mr. George Augustus Salo ts always enun- elating somo useful truth, his Intest: announee- tment being that ebnrks will never attuck a swimmer who keeps hig legs moving, We should dearly love to get a good look at the man who could keep wobbling his legs until n shark po ename tired of waiting for him to stop, ‘Tho daughter ot Mr. P. T. Barnum, writ ing tonfriend in Boston, says, in substance, that her fnthor's improvement ts steady wut slow; that bly prostration {s suvero; that ft js necdful to guard him against excitement; and that completo recovery, of which strony hope {3 vormitted, must bo the work of considerable tine, With a modest private Income, a promise of a Christmas gift of n quarter of n milllon,a fntr prospect of tho iife-salnry of n General on tho rotired list, and tho Prealdency of tho Nica+ ragunCanal Company huld ont to him, Gen Grant may fcol that, If promises arena good ns ensh, ho fs in tolorably Independent elrcum stauces, Ono hundred years ngo the following mar- riage notice might baye appeared In an Albany newspaper: “Sfarried, on Dec. 9, 1740, at the reatdonee of tho bride's father, by tho Roy. Ellarous Westorlo, D.D., Atoxnnder Hamilton, Licutenant-Colonel in the Rovolutionary army and Afde-de-Cump to Gon. Washington, to beth, daughter of Maj.-Gen, Philip Schuy ‘Thero is loud complaint from the dentists of the country ngalnat tho reissue of the Cum: mings patent forartificial gums and plates,—pnt- ent No, 48,000. Tho patentee long ago disposed of Itton company which wants to open every> body's mouth and look in and aco If he hns gots rubber palate and rubber gums, Old ladica ara frightened from playing whist for fear it will bo for tho rubber. Mr. J. W. Riloy remarks in tho Indiannpo Ms Journal: : Just as of old! The world rolls on nnd ony ‘he day des into night-night Into dawn ave Hite dusk through centuries untold, Just as ofold. ‘Thia is rathor surprising. In common with other people, we eapected some radical changes in tho solur System as goon na Mr. Riley's poctry began to spread, but it seoms wo woro wrong. At the dimer glven on Wednesday even- {ng at tho White House to Gen, and Mra, Grant, that lady woro numerous and valuablo diamonds, with a dress of clogant wine-cotored velvet trimmed with polut Ince, On her arms wero soveral ;bracolets, including ote gold band four inches brond, without any stones init, In hor hair sparkled a roset and a butterily of dlamonda, and in her ears long carrings, sct with yaluablo diamonds, At tho samo time Mrs. Tlnyes wore o rich white satin. Sho js ald to have looked especially handsome, and tobave surpassed herself In her powers of entertains ing tho gitesta: that evening. Mrs. Jesso Grant wore n Miao satin embroidered in pearls and trimmed with rare ince. Long ago, when life was younger, and Mfc burdon east no shadow, When the gindness of existonco had a summer fountain's fom, {ide by aide wo trod dim woodland, rivcr-bank, or ‘haunted meadow, ¥ Long ago Long ago tho hind £ clasped thoro had tts lovlog hand-clasp brokon; And the votcos consad from singing; and tha cow: Dolls, faint and low, Diod away, ns died the echoes of tho words that we had spokon— ° Long ago. Onto Poetry. Long ago, when 1 was younger, thon I didn't have to hustle ‘Round to buy my wife a bonuet overy time tho fashion changed; Or the Intest thing in atockings, or a new self> acting bustic— I'm deranged. * Long ngotho hand that claspod mino had the othor clnaper broken, Buying various colored dadocs and French clocks that wouldn't go. T abail no‘er forgot the word that ae might Just as well have spoken, namely? “No,” Up the stairs, up the stairs, ‘Up to the skylight, « * Camo a young graduate . Allin the twilight. “ Gosh! how miy legs doncho, ‘Theso atairs will take tho cuko* Up to tho Fdltor's room Climbed tho third-bascinan, Ho Is at Inat on top, Only too glad to stop Aud roat his weary limbs On 8 plush sofa, His not to reason why, His but to get up bigh, ‘Mis but to keop hia eyo Peoled for reporters. Tio went into a room, Whero, in the gathering gloo, Sat aman Writing. “T want 6 Job," he sald, “Latin and Grook (vo read” Up to tho Editor's dosk. } Stepped tho ex-Soulor, Flashed tho good club in nity, On the youny head so bare Clattered and thundered, Gently thoy took bim aut, He has gone up the spout, Nobody biundered, eS PUBLYC OPINION. Phlladelphin Press (Rep.): It ts to he re grotted thut 0 por cont of this Natfonal Schoo! Fund fa diverted to the catabllatment of colleges: Of these wo have already onough and to spire. i Philadelphia Butletin (ep): Tho Ta mission of the Democratic purty i this perl xs of our history may be said to bo to supply some: thing for the Hopublicun purty to dereat at the pola. . ; F Rochester Democrat and Chronicle Mep.): The Nation will always: welcome an edu ane citizenship, but it ought not to be expected s do the work of educatian, which It is the palace: duty of the Stutcs to do.” Nelthor aught ity i rouders any afd, to grunt funds to blgber extucu : tlou until the compton schoo! is planted In avery dlatrict, and ovory child of every cltien wit i reay tho benolit of a stalwart education fundamontal branches. New York Post (Ind,): It tho Falnene Honnt bill piased by the Beato yestontay 18 ¢ Ht rectly ceacribed by tho Washington correspon ents, {t appropriates moncy nut only for en bie tion schouts, but also for colleges aud for i i nical achoala for woinen, ‘Thia scems 10 0! mistake, Tho preesiog eee for tbe eh ad free public rane a Turns, Ty M4 dolly to Waste Way money upon agricultural wollesed Pe to dole, ra ‘other doubtful exper wents, Gath: ‘The Burnside Educational vit te {iiterate Btates reminds mo of what 1 hear Avshitant Postmaster-General ‘Tom Brady my Of Burnside—that, execpt ut Fre: orlekabire.’ he millfary careor hud ulwaya been Le eaetntaee tho country, Conkling once took up batt A hour tu thy Senate referrbay uarcastton es Burnside’ sial} allowance of haley lant Oe ub carried QegSladion, origluated someting, ane white thls