Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 12, 1880, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1880—TWENTY PAGES. The Tribune. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. TY MATIL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. s telly edition. one véar. aria of year, per moni saily and Sunday. . Thursdas rurday, per donday. Wednesday, and Friday, per ‘wnday, 16-pace edition, per year... WEEKLY EDITION—Pos Bpecimen copies seat free. Give Post-Ofico address in full, ineiuding County and State. : Remttiances may be made either by drafty, express, Post-Otice order, or in registered letter, at onr riak. TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Dafty, delivered, Sunday excepted, 26 cents per wosk- Daily, delivered, Sunday included, 20 cents per weak. Address THE THIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sis... Chicago, {1b —— _ POSTAGE, Entered wt the Pagt-Oftce at Chicaga, TL, es Becowd- Class Matter. Forthe peneft of our patrons who detire to send sincle coples of THE TRIBUNE through the mail, we Kive herewith the transient rate of postage: Eigpt and Twel! ePaper. tan elve Page Va faxteon Page Paper..... Bight and Twelve Page Paper. Sixteen Page Pape: per. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. (THR CHICAGO TAIBUAE hes established branch ‘etices for the receipt ot audscripiions and advertise- ments as follows: KEW YORK—Rtoom & Tribune Building. B. 7. Mo- Fappen, Manseer. GLASGOW, Scoland—Allan's American News Agency, 31 Henfleld-st. LONDON, Evg.—American Exchange, 6@ Berend. Bexxy F. GI1ic, WASHINGTON, SOCIETY MEETINGS. INTHIAN CHAPTER NO. ©, R, A. M—Hall bagi: to i kinsieat The weventeenth annual Convocation of this Chapter will occur on Monday evening, Dec. 1, at 7;Mo'clock, The business of the evening will be the pasment of dues, election of of- rs, and #uch uther Mewers a3 may properly come before fhe, chapter: A full attendance Is camest) red. Visiting Companions are cur 8] 7 eee eee OORT MALCOM, St He Ii, be 3OHN Q@ DICKERSO: relary. . A, CASHMAN LODGE. NO. 08, A.W. kA. M— Abnisi Comapmicadion for the eleeuon of officers Snd payment of dues, Tucsiay evening, Dec. 14 7:30 Sharp. It is expected that every Momber will be pres- ent at this must smpurtant Commualcation. from the election af uifcers, business of interest to, Every member will come up for consideration. Ite- member, that every bruther of shly lodge that can fea. ra welcome. ome wo expecttsea. VitiaO. W. SMITE W. ML @. 4. DOUGLASS, Secretary. CHICAGO COMMANDEBY, NO, 12, K, -—Spscial weninz, Dec. 1% for Seats sata auher business p-riaiuine to. the Anuuat Vishors courteously invited. By order of the inant oe ‘W. 2. JACOBS, Recorder. WASHINGTON CHAPTER, NO. 4 R.A. M. Convocadon Friday evening, Deo. iz, at 7 Solnok, at ball enrner of Randotph and Lidisted-gae, for payment of duey and election of officers for Whe ensuing year. » ting Companions cordially invited. Ty order ‘Vist ‘Compal - eM ES. et KEATS, IL. CHAS. B. WEIGHT, Sccreiary. LA PAYETTE CHAPTER, NO, 2, BR, A. M—Hall, 8 Monroe-st—The Annua! Convocation for the eloc- Gin of ativers ond payment of dacs will be Dold fonday evening, Bt 70 o'clon Momberg requested io bo present, and visitors wel- come. HY 0 rot SF AVAL K. FORSYTA, ME, HP. WM.J. BRYAK, decremry. VENANT LODGE NO. 5%, F. & A. M—Sisted gus Communication Wridoy evening, Dec, Ii, at a ‘o'clock, at Corinthian Hall, i87 East Ringie-st., fur election of ‘officers und payment of dues. ‘The mem- bers aro all sequestes tote, resent ‘isiting brethren ae 7 OEE eGEORGE A: WAIT, W. ¥. WM, KERH, Socretary. OME LODGE, NO. 63, F. & A M—L Reralar communication <n) ie eta at thoir Hall, Nos. 14 and lig t'wenty-scound-st. Friday evening, Dec. 17, for the fasiailation of ‘Gimcers ’ slembors) are ro" Quested wo altend. Visiting brethren cordlatiy In- ¥ preenT £o WM ited. INO. L D. WESTERVELT. Secrotary. ST. BERNARD COMMANDERY, NO. $5 K. T.— Brated Conclave Wednesday evening, Dec. 15, at 7:9 o'clock. Work on the Templar Order. Visiting Sir mn rhe sly invited. By order Kaighes aro courtgothy inva CAME, Commander. 3.0, DICKERSON, 5 Mecorder. CHICAGO COUNCIL OF PRINCES OF JERUSA- Jem. A. A. Scottien Itite Masons Special Convention Thursday evening next’ for installation of officers, By order of EP. POBEY, 8..POG3L% ‘GOODALE, Grana Secretary. ener Ca APOLLO COMMANDEBY, NO. 1, ENIGHTS TEM- PLAR~special Conclaye Tuesday evening, Dec. 14, IBYL at ¥ O'clock, for installation of officers for the k, encning rear. Visiting Sir anizhts aro always wel- come. iy order of the Eminent Commander IL S. VIFFANY, Recorder. VAN KENSSELAER GRAND LODGE OF PERFEC- ton, A. A, Scottish Kite Masonn—~Rexular Assembly on Thursday evening next. By order of the 'T.P.. GMs ED. GOODALE, Grand secretary, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1890. Jay Gocrn’s splendid conservatory at Islington on the Hudson, said to ba the largest and most varied in this country, and which contained plants which can scarcely be duplicated for years to come, was de- stroyed by fire yesterday. The grounds, building, and plants cost Mr. Gould $350,000, and the lowest estimate placed on his Joss is ‘$150,000. = THR person who set fire to the Anderson (Ind.) Court-House Thursday night set fire to the Catholic Church at that place Friday‘ night, and was detected and arrested. He confessed his crimes, and the Andersonites, whose loss is about $100,000.have consider- able difficulty iu restraining their wrath. The incendiary has been a tramp, and what his motive was in setting fire to the place cannot be easily ascertained. Tuere is a very good prospect for the election of a Republican Senator from Tennessee. The low-tax Democrats are willing to vote with the Republicans to |. elect Governor-elect Hawkins Senator, on condition that the Republicans vote with them in electing the Qpeaker of the State Senate. Uawkins' election to the United - States Senate would ereate a vacancy in the Goverxorship, which would be thus filled by” the low-tax Democrat Speaker. It is ru- how they can surmount it, This state of affairs may, as Baron Dowse said, be “‘a dis- etace ta the Empire,” but what is the Em- ‘pire going to do about it? Coercive laws will hardly mend matters. Burke said “you cannot indict a nation.” PENsacona, Fla, was visited Friday night by adisastrous conflagration, in which two- thirds of the business portion of the city, embracing the Post-Office, Custom-House, the principal hotel, the telegraph offices, the two newspaper offices, and other buildings, werg reduced to ashea. The fire broke out in a -restaurant, and lasted abouteight hours, The only fire-engine in the place wasoutof re- pair, or the extent of the devastation would have been legs, The damage is estimated at about $500,000, half of which is covered by insuflnce, The merchants were after get- ting in their stocks of winter goods, and lose heavily, ee eee Axyew Bonapartist organ was lssued in Paris yesterday. .1t is owned by and pub- lished in the interest of Prince Jerome Bona- parte, and bears the characteristic title, La Napoleonic Bonaparte. Its program in- cludes the restoration of the Napoleonic dynasty in the person of its proprietor, peace witff all nations, religious and civil liberty, the protection of thearmy from political in- fluence, a reduction in public expend!- ture, and the revision’ of taxation in; the interest of artisans and peasants. The new organ condemns the course of the present Government towards the religious orders, and favors a plebiscite to determing the form of government most acceptable to the French people. Itis probable that Jerome Bongparte will pay dearly for hia whistle— the few organ.. The French people sre sat~ isfied with the Republic, notwithstanding all its faults, i Durie the late political campalgn the Southern bulldozers undertook to intimidate the business-men ef Cincinnati who sup- ported Gen. Garfield. Subsequently numer- ous protests were made by the same gentry because many of the prominent business houses in New York had given substantial aid to the cause represented by Garfield and Arthur, This indignation has now taken shape, and it is proposed by a number of or gans of Southern opinion to withdraw os far ag may be the trade of the Cotton States from the cities which have offended in the way described, The general scope of the proposition is, that the merchants of theSouth shall organize unions in all the principal cities and towns in their section to the end that the wholesale dealers of New Orleans, St. Louis, Charleston, Baltimore, and Atlan- ta be patronized rather than those of the Northern cities. It is proposed, further, that .| these unions call a general convention at an early day, and that there be appointed by such a meeting an +Eyecutive Committee charged with “the duty of disseminating among Southern merchants a better knowl- edge of Southern markets, thelr shipping facilities, and the rates for transporting mer- chandise charged by railways and steamship lines leading from them.” This non-intercourse schemés an old one. it was agitated and trjéd before the War. We remember it was'tried on a Convectiont comb manufactory, whose managers were notified that if they supported Lincoln for President the patronage of the “South” would be withdrawn from that concern. The reply of the manager was, that if the chivalry did Dot want his combs they need not buy them, but could go lousy. A majority of the shopkeepers and traders of the South are Jews, and while they, for peace sake, go with the current of popular sentiment in Dixie, they are not the kind of men who buy in a dear.market when there is acheap one close by. They- baye no “ Lost Cause’ to weep and wail aver. They have no Northern enemies to punish or Southern Secesh'to reward. : They care precious little for “the cause for which Lee fought and Jackson died.” They will continue to pur- chase their goods where they can buy them -ou the best terms; and if thatis in Cincin- nati, to Cincinnati they will go for their bargains. The sentimental Southern malig- nants may “ patronize” Atlanta, New Or- Jeans, Charlestan, or any other Rebel town they please, but their trade is of precious Mittle account, as it chiefly consists of long credit and compromise payments, It is these shopkeepers of the South whose credit is bad or dubious that are making the most clatter about “patronizing Southern whole- salers and manufacters and direct im- .Porters.” Let them. They will not appre- ciably disturb the law of political economy: that men will persist in buying in the cheap- est and selling in the dearest market. There isno friendship in trade, Business is busi- ness, Let the implacable bulldozers howl. LEGISLATIVE MEASURES. in # few weeks the General Assembly will begin its session, and the members-elect are considering the busihess likely to come before them for action. Sume of these gen- tlemen have been giving expression to their views on various subjects, and among many, of the new members there is much zealshown in-a desire to reform things by act of the Legislature, 2 The last General Assembly did much to remedy the defects in the machinery of the Revenue law, and substantially put an end to tax-fighting by removing te causes, the in- ducements, and the opportunities for so do- ing. There dre a few changes in the Revenue law on which the General Assembly failed to agree two years ago. ‘These relate prin- mored and believed that this plan bas been agreed on by a: sufficiant number of the ‘Tennessee legislators to give it effect. Jon KEL. is wot dead, and he intends that his enemies shall be kept apprised of tha fact. The Evening Express, one of his organs, had an article -yestetday addressed to Ald. Foster, Goodwin, Uellbig, and Haffen, Tammanyites, who vated for thecoit- finmation of Mr. Campbell. The article de- uounces, them ay traitors worse than Judas, . Persons without principle, honor, or manti- ness; reads tnem out of the Democratic party by inviting thew at the conclusion of the arti- ele to “go.” John Kelly has dealt with bigger game than Ajdermen. He destroved Robin- son, buried ‘Tilden, and that he should stoop. tohurt such small game as Aldermen isa matter of surprise. But thisis oneof Kelly's weaknesses, e Wuxries for god or evil, Ireland seems to be entirely governed by Land-League law, and the British-made article is no longer recognized as worthy of obedience or respect. Baron Dowse,at the Galway Assizes yester- day, drew a gloomy picture of the state of affairs in the west of the Kland, The num- ber of indictable offenses which have been committed there during the last four months was 694, and for only thirty-nine of these have persons been indicted. Indictments, too, do not mean conviction, and it is not probable that half of the thirty-nine alleged offenders 'will be made to suffer for their supposed offenses. At the Limerick Assizes the person who was accused of shooting a Bailiff at New Pallas about two Weeks ago was acquitted, natwithstanding that the party attacked swore Positively to the identity of the accused, who will now be released. This difficulty of obtaining con- viction is the greatest under which the Irish suthorities labor, and it ist cipafly tof the reduction of the cost of collecting the taxes, particularly in the legal proceedings. The measure proposing a County Assessor, dr one Assessor for all the towns included’in any city, this Assessor to hold office four years, which failed two years ago, ill probably be revived next winter. This‘neasure is in the interest of economy and of uniformity of assessments, but is op- posed to the placemén’s idea of the object of ail government,—it reduces the number of offices, ‘There will be a general demand by the peo- ple of this city and county for such legisla-‘ tion as will break up our rotten Constabu- Jary system, and which will make it impossi- ble for any man to play the part of Consta- ble who is not legally authorized to do so. The office oughtto be wade a responsible oue, and no person should be au- thorized to hold it who is not prepared to meet all the Tesponsibilities pertaining toit No peison ought to be compulled to resort to the pistol to defend his or her per- ‘son Or property against the illegal and irre- sponsible ruffianism and gisbonesty of the officers of the law. Of course the institution of suits before Justives iy- ing at remote distances from the city ds part and parcel of the dishonest Con- stabulary system, and should be tnor- oughly broken up and rendered impossible, Some additional legistationis perhaps needed concerning the law of landlord and tenant, and the privileges relating to forcible entry and detainer, Those laws are open to serious abuses. Itis time that the old feudal prin- ciplé entitling a Iandlord to issue his own warrant distraining the property of a tenant should be abolished in this State, as it has been in other States; and landlords, like all other creditors, should be compelled to re- sort to the law through ‘the officers of the jaw, and be restrained from the seiz- dificult to sep {ure of other persons’ property, save after trial, ‘judgment, and execution. Some of the members talk considerably about increasing the number of wards in Chicago. The number of wards in the city is fixed bya general law, applicable to all the cities in the State, and to change it in the case of one city will necessitate a change for all other cities, The number of wards hardly need be changed unless it be to make places for more Aldermen. The division of the wards, however, needs change, fe as to equalize the population of the several Alder- manic districts. An increase of the number of Aldermen may be wisely postponed until the city has a new Council Chamber in the new City-Hall, A division of the wards must, however, precede the division of the city into legislative distrigts. Strange as it may seem, one member de- liberately proposed to re€stablish the ofd system of a Board of Fire and Police Commis- sioners, Can it be that humag memory fs so short that the past experience of the city in this particular has been forgotten? Never was a system so long, earnestly, patiently, and forbearingly tried by a suffering commu- nity ag was this Board system of Fire and Police Commissioners. The thing at Jast broke down from its own iniquity se hope- lesly that no man had the hardihood to ask its continuance a day longer than was needed to go through tne legal form of abolishing it. Let us hope that no man will propose its restoration. A new member proposes-ta reform the sys- tem of legal, proceeding by which insane per- sons are now committed to asylums. The plan fs to create.a Board of three physicians, who stall try the question of insanity, this Medical Court to take the place of the County Court and a jury. In the first place, hho per- gol can of ought to be deprived of his fibor- ty, except after the fullest’ public examina- tion, trial, and’ judgment of acourt of law. ‘The history of the present law of this State on the subject shows that it was not adopted too soon, and that it was not adopted until it became a necessity to protect the weak and defenseless, The present law is essentially juat, and should nat be abandoned. Investi- gations show that professional experts al- ‘ways pronounce persons accused of insani- ty to be insane, and that: there have been many persons unjustly imprisoned in insane-asylums upon medical certificates is too well established to aduiit of any doubt, Time and again have persons tested the loose way of managing insane-asylums by having themselves committed to them as insane, be- ing there examined and pronounced incur ably insane, and being treated as Insane (often brutally), and then, escaping, have ex- posed the charlatanry and ignorance of the men who manage private insane-asylums, and upon whosé mere certificates sane per- sons are often buried alive. The abuses are tov frequent, and the wrongs and outrages too violent, and the temptations and op- portunities too great, for the law to allow any person to be imprisoned in an insaneasylum, except after the most public and the fullest investigation by a court and jury. - The present law of this State was established only after a protracted struggle on the part of the medical pre- fession, and especially of those claiming to be experts in mental diseases, and it ig to be hoped that theaw, which has since become a model for other States, will not be dis- turbed, nor deprived of its great saving Princtples,—publicity, and a fair and im- Partial hearing by persons who are not even partially insane on the Insanity question, * Thare are several gther measures of local as well as general législation likely to be brought before the Legislature, and members should avail themselves of the present op- portunity to consult their constituents re- garding them. 5 PRIVATE LIFE AT THE WHITE HOUSE. Whether or not a public man is entitled to any privacy in personal or domestic affairs is a question which seems to have been raised by @e American practice during late years of exposing to public gaze all the intimate relations of life. The license of the gossiper was formerly confined to the drawing-room and the dinner-table, and the printer “only became a purveyor of private affairs long after the decease of the victim. But the peculiar enterprise of a certain class of American newspaper-men has penetrated the inner circles of home life, and nothing seems to be any longer sacred from vulgar curlosity, In this condition of things, which js tolerated if not encouraged by society, it may be expected at least that the private affairsof the public character shall be re- vealed with some degree of truthfulness and fairness; but this rule is more frequently broken than observed. The President of the United States, whose position occupies a larger space in the public mind than that of any other person, has reason to complain not. merely of beme the subject of impertinent gossip, but also the victim of malice in cur- Tent newspaper comment. The latest item about President Hayes which hag been guing the rounds of tha newspapers, and probably read and believed by the great majority of people, is to the effect that he will go out of office with the good round sum of $150,000 in hard cash, Tepresenting the net savings of hls four years’ term. This morsel of gossip is put forth with the purpose of impressing the public with the belief that Mr. Lfayes has re- garded the Presidential office chiefly as‘a Personal emolument, and that he and his family have been parsimoifious in their courtesies at the White House. Indeed, such an explanation bas been more than. hinted at by many of the newspapers which have given circulation to the story of fabulous savings at the Executive Mansion during the present Administration. There are the best reasons for believing that the estimate of the President's private savings is grossly exaggerated, and that the inferences drawn therefrow are entirely unwarranted. Perhaps a frank statement of the Presi- dent's private affairs, so far as there is the Smallest propriety in inquiring into them, may be the best way to remove the false and disagreeable impression that has been created. It will be remembered that when a pressure Was made upon Mr. Hayes five years ago to make the race for Governor in his State he was at first very positive in his refusal to be acandidate, The reason for his disinclina- tion to renter public life at that time was Sue to the conviction that it was his firstduty to attend to his own private affairs. He and his uncle had engaged in certain real-estate transactions, aud the depreciationin the value of property after the panic had seriously em- barrassed him. This embarrassment was In- creased by the death of his uncle, who be- Queathed to Mr. Hayes the entire burden of their joint indebtedness, and in addition thereto the duty of paying off a large num- ber of cash bequests, amounting in all to about $685,000. This was a hard load to carry. Nevertheless Mr. Mayes finally yielded to the importunities of the party Managers in Ohio, and consented to run for Governor upon the representation that he was the only man at that critical time with whom the Republicans could confidently ope to carry the State. He accepted the nomination at some personal sacrifice, and was elected. The brijliancy and Importance of this triumph prepared the way for his nomina- tlan and election as President of the United States, His private affairs were still neglect- ed, and it was evident that he would have but little time to devote to them during the ‘did not permit exalted public position to be = which prompted him to fund his indebted- ness, and he made a loan of $100,000 upon terms that would relieve him from annoy- ance during his term of office. He entered upon a posftion to which a salary of $50,000 8 year is attached, and during a term of nearly four years he has pald off about $75,000 of his personal indebtedness. This represents the sum total of his savings, and during the same period the White House accounts are said to show an expenditure of about $30,000 more out of the President’s private purse than was paid out as rule from the salaries of his predecessors. This isa showing. of which the President | has no reason to be ashamed, and in which the American people may properly feel con- siaerable pride. A saving of $75,000 out of a total income of $200,000, in order to meet private obligations which had been in- creased by the ‘demands of public life and party service, is an accamplishment that is much more deserving of praise than censure, It reveals a sengo of personal integrity which misused as an escape therefrom. This sav- ing probably required a system of economy which was useful as an example .during a period of hard times, but it was not achieved by the aid of gratuities nor at the sacrifice of’ any of the dignity or propriety of the Execu- tive Afansion, Whatever contemporaneous opinion may be as to the public polley adopted by Presi- dent Hayes in yarious matters, there will be unanimous agreement in history that his Administration has been one of the cleanest and most respectable that has graced the Re- public. No suspicion of scandal, personal or official, has ever been even remotely traced to the White House since President Hayes has occupied it. His own tastes and those.of his family-are simple and domestic, but their hospitality has been liberal and cordial, and ithas extended to many people who would ordinarily not hope to enjoy that distinction. If it has at the same tiie excluded certain persons whose notion of public life is more hilarious than that entertained by President iJayes, he can scarcely be blamed fpr refus- ing to adapt his own tastes orto revolutionize his home life to auit uncangenial associe- tions. ‘The respect of the people will follow President Hayes and his fumily into the re- tirement which they are looking forward to with complacency ina much higher degree than if their career in Washington had been sensational and frivolous, and untrue and malicious reflections npon the distingulsning characteristics of the White House during his term will fail to detract from the strong claim he has upon the guod-will of the people. THE GERMAN PERSECUTION OF THE Ws, ’ A fresh persecution of the Jews has broken out in Germany of a political rather than ofa religious character. Uriginating among t the German masses, if has been winked at by the Government, though the latter has declared that it bas no intention of altering the existing laws that are favorable to the Jews. While it has not openly en- couraged the popular enemity, it has done nothing to stop it; and although the Jews had the better of the debate in the Prussian Chamber of Deputies there is every indica- tion that it does not end the social or political persecution” that threatens to break out, es- ; pecially in Prussia, where the Jews are very numerous, at the hands of what is known as the Anti-Semitio League. The London Times in an articlé printed in our last issue very clearly points aut the causes of this enmity when it says: When the memoers of this suspected race come. everywhere to: tho front, when they are fouud monopolisiy: an excessive. sbare in the material good things in life, and obtaining in consequence a standing in society which anil {ately bus been donied to them, thon it is that the German mind Js stirred to active hostility. The poor Germun nople is jealous at bemg out- shane by the new iutruders, The x German peusant believcs that the . Jows bave got ull the money in. the country, and tbat there is not enough left to satisfy hisown moderate wants. The Jews, meanwhile, bave by the conr feasion of -(beir own advocutes not a few of tho proverbial fuults af the paryenu who bas risen to excessive wealth, German pride of race is met by at lenat an equal Hebrew pride of race, and of money too. In al a Jews have the best houses, the _tinest diamonds, the most splendid equipngos. They do not bear their new fortunés meekly, Not satistied with distancing the Germuns in the race for wealth, they uke cure too, that the difference shall be observed and felt. Tho Germans are offond- ed at adisplay which they cunnot equal, und which fotrudes itself upon them in too great a variety of forms to suffer them to forget it. This strikes at the yery root of the trouble, but itis not any more creditable to the Ger- nian people on that account, especially when out of the 42,000,000 inhabitants in Germany itis taken into account that the Jews num- ber but 550,000, or a little more than half a million, or 1 per cent. It asserts, what is very likely the fact, that the shrewd, active, cunning, and enterprising Jew gets ahead of the slower and phlegmatic German in the race of money-making, and it explains why, but it does not justify the persecution, which is ag unjust asthe prejudice that has always obtained against him, “Whatever results they achieve are achieved legitimately, and whatever money they possess they earn, and the prejudice against them on the part of the peopte is simply based tipon the fact that they are prosperous,—a prejudice very much akin to that of the Communist against the capi- talist, How bitter this prejudice is is shown in the petinon which the * Anti-Semitic League” presented to the Government. It asked Prince Bismarck to hintier altogether the immigration of foreign Jews; to exclude them from offices, and especially'to limit their judicial and legal career; to shut them out entlrely from the field of education; and to cause statistics to be gathered as to their population and callings. One would think from the bitterness with which the anti- Jewish crusade has been waged that they had done nothing in Germany but amass money and get control of the money mar- kets. No account is made of their attitude as citizens, thelr. obedience to thedaws, atid their services in the army, and no part of the German -army during - the war with France Was nore courageous or patriotic than the- Jewish soldiers. No account is made of the eminent position they have taken in the law, in public education, or in scietice. Noaccount is made of the great work they have done in the cause of humanity and civilization. No account is made of the manner in which they have helped the development of Germany itself. No account isamadeof such brilliant representatives of literature, music, and the drama as Heine, Joerne, Ense, Auerbach, Menrik, Hertz, Jules Janin, Mendelssohn, Halevy, Meyerbeer, Moscheles, Joachtin, Ernst, Rubinstein, Grist, Guiglini, Czillag, Rachel, and scores of others almost equally celebrated who might be named, and many ofwhom have conferred distinction upon Germar{ letters and imposed a debt to the Jew- ish race which Germany can never satisfy in full. Their persecution of the Jews isan open acknowledgment that they have been beaten in the intellectual and commercial race, for if they were not beaten we should not hear so much of Jewish supremacy. Anda if they are beaten, so much the worse for the Ger- man, Jts legitimate effect should be to hurry him up. So jong as the Jew is a good citi- zen and faithfully performs his duties it does notoffer any excuse for his persecution or for the enactment of invidions legislation against him, but simply is tantamount to an open confession that the Teutonic people, numbering nearly a hundred -times as many as the Jews, ara Inferior to them. The perse- | cannot but be purer and more efficient than travagant and corrupt. The City-Hall infested and overrun with‘partisan yermin preying on the body politic, The municipal administration of that city has seta terrible example before the tax-eating profession in other cities, which has added largely to the J cost of administration in all of them. Some- he Geena: foi thing was done for reform when Boss Tweed was exposed and his ring of plunderers over- thrown; but the reform halted, and Boss Kelly reéstablished the era of extravagance, which Tweed had carried them, Tammany Hall may soon rise again, but he of Germany when it is directed against a race which has done so much for that culture .and’ which stands 50 prominently before the world as its repre- sentative. It is noticeable, however, that the hier and more generous public men of Germany—men like Ven Forckenbeck, Mommsen, Gneist, Virchow, and others— have made many protests against it, and that the libera! Crown ‘Prince bimeelf nas declared itto be ‘ashame and disgrace to Germany.” There is one consolation in the situation, and that is, that the Jew lias always profited by persecution, and that, when this fresh breeze, which’ seems to have largely owiginated in Berlin, blows over, the Jews in Germany . will establish themselves more firmly than aver and reach sfill higher planes of prosperity.and success, not alone in com- merce and finance, but in art and science. It is a race which clings 80 closely together that no amount of persecution can break jt _——[SEEa=as—— .. BO88 KELLY'S OVERTHROW. The downfall of John Kelly, Boss of New York, marks an epoch in the mu- nicipal history of that city similar to that caused in this city .a few years ago by the onding of the Colvin régime. Kelly was as honest personally as the only Mayor the “People’s party” ever had; and the followers of the Tammany Chieftain were individually no worse than those of the Boss Expressman, Hut the ‘evil effects of a loose or corrupt local government are far more serious in New’ York than in Chi- cago. The taxes annually raised in the for- mer city are nearly ten times what théy are in Chicago, on less than thrice. tha popula- tion, and the ofilces to be filled are corre- spondingly more numerous and more extrav- agantly compensated. ~~ . : Kelly’s fall is owing to a variety of reasons. He has never been g skillful: manager, byt depended on bullying and coercion. He made enemies recklesly and without sufiicient reason. His war on Jin Bennett, of the New York Herald, little as it may have con- tributed to his defeat, was exceedingly fool- ish and ill-timed. His. truculent attacks on Gov. Tilden and Gov. Robinson gained him the enmity of nearly the whole Democratic party of the State qutside of the city; and, as Mayor Couper was a Tilden man, his bolt at Syracuse may be set’ down as the remote cause of his ruin. Republicans rather en- couraged his treayon to his own party, but, as a wise man would haveknown, theycould havo no permanent use for such as he intheir Party organizafion. Tho immediate cause of his overthrow was" his Instrumentality in causing the nomina- tion and election of Grace for Mayor. Thou- sands of Democrats in New York believe that this nomination lost Hancock’ the State and the Presidency, So far as Kelly is con- cerned, a belief of this kind is as good as a niathematical demonstration. It is certain at least that almost a majority of the people of New York were unwilling to see nim and Grace contral the City Government. The Jatter is now elevated to power stripped of all dangerous authority. The defeat of Tammany in the person of John Kelly will be gratifying to men of all parties, except the immediate followers of the Boss. Tilden and his friends will tind in it much consolation and ample revenge. The Irving Hall faction has the substantial bene- fit of succession to the lion’s shares of the spoils, Tho Republicans, who formerly polled but one-third of the votes of the city, now find themselves in the unwonted posi- tion of dispensers of patronage and power. ‘The taxpayers have the greatest reason to congratulate themselves. The new oflicers the old ones. ‘The Legislative investigation has shown that the administration of the City of New York is inexeusably ex- with costly and is swarins sinecures, multiplication of placemen, and corrupt city politics, though not to the awful extent to Kelly’s overthrowis likely to be permanent. will not rise with it, In his own words, “ No King, no clown, shall rule the town.”* ———__——— SEWER GAS. As it now begins to appear that some one has charge of what may be called the Depart- ment of Defective Sewerage, and that some- thing may be done, It is a matter of the higt- est consequence that the work skpuld be done intelligently, thoroughly, aud well, and that landlords and tenants, ar house-pwuers, on the one hand, and the Board of Pubtic Works on the other, should join hands ina common effort to eradicate what has become a prolific source of disease, and what may in time, if It is not eradicated, breed an epi- demic of diphtheria and fevers of a malignant kind, developed from sewer poison. Things have come to that pass that something more than the operations of the Board of Health are needed. It is well enowgh upon the score of decency and cleanliness to remove, gar- bageand ashes from alleys, and cartaway dead animals, and keep oytside premises clean; but this amounts to nothing as compared with the poison, diseuse, and death that lurk in the depths of the great underground rivers of filth, The poisonous emanations from the sewers, however, can be prevented by threa yery simple precautions, which, if observed, will almost entirely remove any possibility of danger. First, the street-sewers ‘should be thoroughly ventilated with man-holes which will give vents for the poisonous gases, which are frequently forced back by any rise in the sewer currents, or by strong winds forcing the discharges back through the mouths of ] the sewer openings, or from collections and deposits which form more or Jess in tne sew- ers owing to tno sluggishness of the current in them. If the séwers are properly pro- tected by these man-holes, tha gases will find their way into the open-air and be dis- persed. It sometimes happens, however, that the mau-holes get clogged up, especially in winter, and may not work as they sHould, in which case, and for safety in any case, trapsshould be constructed in the Jateral drains, between the house and the street, which, while they will open to admit the holise refuse into the main sewer, will close against the air and: gases that may be forced in that direction. These two precau- tions, having been adopted, will banish alt emanations from without and give easy and effective outlets for the gases that are now periodically forced back Into houses, A third precaution will prevgnt'any possibility’ ofemanations from within that may arise from defective plumbing or,other causes, and that ia the erection of agstandpipe from the house drain, tapping the water-cluset and other outleta, and running through the kitchen chimney—which Is the best avenue because it Is always warm—to the open air above, which will convey all foul air and ‘and there wa$ an English settlement in the gases frdm- the house and keep the premises sweet and clean. With these three precautions—viz. : well-ventilated street sewers, well-trapped house drains, and exits’ from the interior of the house for gases— ensuing four- years, Jt-was this outlook | cutionisa satire upon the boasted culture | there can be no accumulation of them where they can do any:harm. Noiw that the res sibility for attending to the sewers ts sub- stantially fixed, and the methods for vent- ilating them are clearly understood, the work should commence at once. There is nothing connected with the city adminigtra- tion that has a tithe of the importance of this subject, and it is:the duty of the municipal authorities to make these reforms, which have so strong and direot a bearing upon the public health, as effectively and as speedily as possible. ————eee BIREBECK’S ILL(NO(S SEILLEMENT. ‘The establishment of the English colony at Rugby, in Tennessee, urder the leadership of Thomas Hughes, brings to mind another English settlement, now almost forgotten, which was in Its day the most famous enter- prise of the Kind in America, It was known in the hooks and newspapers of sixty years agoas “ Birkbegk’s Settlement in the Lli- nois,”” . ¢ Morris Birkbeck was the son of a Quaker preacher of considerable repute, and in 1815 was & prosperous tenant farmer, holding the hamlet of Wanborough, in Surrey, England. He was a widower, 53 years of age, with seven children, a scholar, 4 man of excellent reputation, and much given to scientific In- vestigation of the best and most profitable modes of farming. He anda friend consid- erably younger, George Flower by name, traveled through France, mostlyon foot, and on their return Birkbeck published a boak giving an account of theirtour. In 1316 Ed- ward Coles, returning from a diplomatic mis- sion to Russia, met Birkbeck In London, and afterwards spent some time at Wanborough. ‘The acquaintance thus formed no doubt had its influence in the subsequent career of Birkbeck, and it resulted in his appointment as Secretary of State of linoisa few years later, when Coles had become its Governor. The decade following the close of the French wars of the First Napoleon was one of gteat hardship among the farmers and me- chanics of England, and there was a migra- tion to America within those years such as had not been known since the first great English colonization of America two centu- ries before. Thousands upon thousands came, mostly by reason of the distress at home; but the emigration fever affected all | group known #3 Capricorn, ; classes, and many came from Jove of ad- vepture or to escapa from unpleasant domestic entanglements nt home. Among these lust was George Flower, who came over in 1816 with a letter from Lafayette to Thomas Jeiferson, in the neighborhood of whose home in Virginia he bought 500 acres of land with a view to making his home there, but this plan was afterwards given up by reason of his friend Birkbeck’s great re- pugnance to the institution of slavery. Birk- beck himself came over with his family early in 1817, Flower met them at Norfolk, and the two men set out together on a journey of exploration to the Far West. Dr. Priestley’s English settlement at Sunbury, on the Susquehanna,- had already been estab- lished; Father Kapp’s codverative re- ligious colony was in full blast at Harmony, on the Great Wabash, in Indiana; noighborhood of Princeton, Gibson County, Ind., where Birkbeck and Flower made their headquarters for that summer. They select- ed for themselves land in what was called the Boltinghouse Prairie, afterwards known asEnglish Prairie, between the Great and Little Wabash Rivers, which is now a part of Edwards County, Illinois. Each at firat entered 1,440 acres at the Land Office in Shaw- neetown, in adjoining tracts, and they then ‘conceived the scheme of securing a township or more of land in that region, and founding another English settlement, more extensive than any of those“already established. Birk- deck brought into the enterprise, first and last,’ about $55,000, and thé Flower family about twice that sum. They tried to get from Congress special terms as to payment for land, to the end that they might secura a very extensive domain, ‘and so shut out spec- ulators; but, failing in that, bought all they could afford on the usual terms, and held it for immigrants at a slightly advanced price. They built a cabin, which Birkbeck, with one of his sons, occupied. Flower had in the meantime married a young lady who came over with the Misses Birkbeck, and out of this marriage grew an estrangement between the two men, the story of which is too long to tell here. In the autumn Flower returned to England, taking with him in duplicate the manuscript of Birkbeck’s “Notes on a Jour- ney in Anterica from the Coast of Virginia to the Territory of INinois,” which was im- mediately published in Philadelphia and Londun. After their parting at Princeton, when Flower set out for the East, he and Birkbeck never spoke together more than once, although they lived within two or three miles of each’ other for many. years, Several English families whom Birkbeck knew had joined him by this time, and more were on the way; and in March, 1818, Flower sent from Bristol a party of emigrants num- bering about fifty, mostly mechanics and Ja- borers from Surrey, including many who had worked for Birkbeck at his old home. ‘These reached the English Prairie in August, and then was laid out on Birkbeck’s land the Village of Wanborough in Illinois. Fach log cabin was to have a little patch of land inclosed for a garden for the mechanics and laborers, while the farmers were to settle on their quarter-sections in the neighborhood of the village. Birkbeck had built for himself a coufortable range of cabins near by, and hdd prepared one, which came to be called “the barracks” by rea- son of its scanty accommodations, for the reception of his friends. When they got there they were all huddled in to: ether, with no cemforts, nothing to do, nothing to eat but corn-bread and pork, and nothing to drink but bad water and poor whisky. Of course they were dissatisfied, disgusted, and homesick, and they naturally blamed Birkbeck for having, as they thought, deceived both himself and them. A little later in the season Flower arrived with his father’s family and other friends, making half hundred or soin all, and in October they founded, on the Flower land, two miles from Wanborough, the Village of Albion, which was made the county-seat in 1822, as it still remains - | Birkbeck’s book had made a great sensa- i tion in England, and it was said that if all | the emigrants whom he induced to leave the | old country had come to Illinois, they would | have made it the most populous State in the Union. Although the condition of his set- tlers improved with time, and many others camein the succeeding years, he to a great extent failed in carrying out the beneficent scheme he had undertaken, and his fortune grew lessinstead of greater; but he remained active, upright, and intelligent to the last. | in 1818 he published, in Philadelphia and } Dablin, a volume of “ Letters from Itinols,? which he had written in reply to inquiries from tnose intending to emizrate. In 1819" he was living in a spactous frame house which overlooked all the country round about, was chosen President of the Illinois Agricultural Society at Kaskaskia, and was familiarly known in all that region as “ the Euperor of the prairies.” In 1825, while re- turning from a visit to his friend Owen, he" was drowned in the Fox Hiver, and his re- mains were buried at New Harmony, Ind. George Flower left Albion in 189 “with household. furniture and some family plate, with two dollars and fifty cents in cash, to begin the world anew at New Harmony.” He afterward removed to Mount Vernon’ and died some years since, leaving a manu. script history of the Birkbeck and Flower , settlement, which js now in Keeping of the Historical Society of Chicago. a : Astronomical. : cago (TiBuNe oflice), north 41 deg. 62m. 575.; west lonzitude 42m. jatttade, Washington, and 5h. 5m. ts. from Greenwich, ‘The subjoined table shows the ume of setting, rising ot thé moon's lower lim), and the aL time for lighting the tirst street-lampin each cir cuitin this city, during the coming week, unlesy ordered sooner on account of bad wi Also the following times fur fase first lamp: ~aUinguishing the Light, 2:35 a 3:35 a.m. p.c 2. Bo, The moon will be full Thursday at 9:46 a, and fa apogee at 10:v, _. in. Friday. Taig tal moon will be the met distant one of the vear; but that will be about compensated by the fag of greater meridian altitude. Hence the full moon of this month wilt be nearly as bright as the average. At the time of full, the moon wit be within the earth's shadow, giving a lunar eclipse; but tho moon will be below oitr horizon, The eclipse will be visible from Europe, Aula, and Africa, but not from tho United States, The sun's upper Hmb will rise on Monday at ‘7220 a m., south at Uh, dim. 48.78. a. m., and see} at 4:20% p.m, z The sun's upper mb rises Friday next at T:22 a.m., souths at Uh. 56m. 43s, a. ™., ond sets at 4:5033 p.m, The sidoreal time Thursday mean noon will be Ish, 42m. 53.463. Mercury will be at his greatest western elongation from the sun, 21 deyreés, to-night, To-morrow he will rise at 5:43 a. m., or ne .an hour andahalf before the sun. Thursday ho will riga at 3:40 8. m., and south at 10:30am, He will be visible each morning of thls week, ie the skybe clear; is best luoked for a ttle bafore sunrise, well round towards the southeast point of the compass. Venus will south next Thursday at 2:13 p,m, end setat7:23 p.m. Her brightness as an evens ing star is increasing. A little more than serene tenth9of ber illuminated side is turned towards us, She i now near tho western side of the teat (curved) trinngle of sturs which form the Mars will rise next Thursday at 6:08 x, m., ang south at 10:46a.m. He is rather faint yetas a morning star; wift be much brighter 2 month hence. Jupiter will south Thursday at 6:54 p.m, and set at 1:06a.m. Friday. He is feaving us rap. idly, increasing his distance from the earth at the rateof about 10,000,000 miles per week. Hig apparent diameter fs 40% seconds of arg. Hels moving towards conjunction with Saturn, which will occur about four months hence. “At that time the earth, sun, Jupiter, and Saturn will be nearly in line in the heavens. Saturn will south Thursday at 7:42 p. m., and set Friday at 2:07 a.m. Ho is now 12 degrees east from Jupiter, the angle between them ée- creasing at the rute of about one degree per montk. Saturn is now near to the star knowa as Mu Piscium, and yearly ytationary with ref~ erence to the stars. The greatest apparent dir ameter of hiaring system is 12!3 seconds. Cranus will south Thursday at 5:20 a, m. He: rises abcut 10:40 p. m., and 1s now in a favorabie position for morning observation. He is barely visible with a good naked eye. His right ascen- sion is Ub. Olt;m., ang declination 7 degrees minutes north. Neptyne will south Thursday at 6:56 p,m Right ascension 2h. 40m., and dediination 13d grees 40 minutes north. a Berore,Sara Bernhardt came to this coun try to play there was considerable speculation astoher social acceptance in Amerjoa, Some . of the English held that she would be invited to private houses, particularly in New Yors, a she had been in London, to give entertainments and to receive sociul honors, Others, and.they were largely in the majority, were of a contrary opiaion, They did not betleve that any Amert- can city would imitate the folly, to put itmilaly, of the British Capital; that it would receivein their homes a celebrated actress with antece- deuts which would prevent all thought of euch” reception had she been merely in private life. ‘They were entirely cortect in their judgment, Saya the New York Times. Bernhardt bas come and gone. She was eminently successful on the Stage; the receipts of the four weeks of her performances—six a week—having reached very nearly $100,000, The receipts of the Frangais in the same time could never have been much more than bulf the amount: for 63,000 francs 6 week, or more than 10,500 francs a night, would be regarded as most extraordinary even at the theatre which counts itself the first in the world, Soolally, the success of Bernhardt was nil. No- body invited her; nobody called on her; nobpdy, in a society sense, recognized her existence. ‘This is, under the circumstances, as it sbould have been, and reflects crevit upon the good sense and propriety of tbe metropolis. The in- tellectual and refined were pleased to flock to the play-house to witness her fine impersors- tions. They were not disposed to stay away be- cause she had violated the canons of morality ia her individual relations. They went to see heras anartist, cot as a woman. If the play-going RuUblic does not concern Itself with an actors Brivate life, why should {t, with the private life Of an actress? $m Says the New York Times: 7 Very few persons are aware, unless personally or pecuniurily interested in {t,of the magnitude ot cigurinaking in the Repubtic, particularly inthis city, where it steadily ana rapidly increases. The American-made cigar selling ut 15 cents by retal is sald to be superior to the same Cuban cigar, which it ts driving out of market. A factory here ig reported to be the largest in the world. It bis only sixty customers, and re- fuses to swell the number, because it cannot fully supply their demands. Some 1,500 perecas Men, women, and éhildren—are in its employ, and the firm is building another factory ! will need us many more. But even with enlarged facilities they will not seek another customer. . This is a statement of their basing’ last October: Cigars delivered auring the month, 4,83#.550; wares paid, $44.000; amount paid Government for revenue-stamps, $38.50; amount of duties paid on foreign Cobu $4,154; paid for cigarboxes used during the month, 39,0527; leaf tobacco worked into cd: urs, ‘twenty-five pounds to the bsodred oigars, $L0,%64. The rapidity of the of our cigar facture asserted to be gremter thnn can readily be imagined Millions of our cigars are now annual, ly exported to Europe, and the number o! Cuban cigurs imported is but a trifle compara: tively, Tho American product in this draseh of enormous industry must be counted bY thousands of millions. = Tue Uties (N. Y.) Observer says of th® expenalture of public money on Oswego har or: Hasn't enough publle money been expended on Oswegu's burbor? Millions have been pou into-the Ontario there, with tbe sole result of ® breakwater that doesn’t break, aad a pier ia of service to no one suve the‘boys who fish for iscoes frow its rottingitimbers- ‘The city ba fewer inbabitants than It bud ten yeurs ago, and is decaying just os surely and swiftly 4s the, whaling towns of Massachusetts Bay. Lest capital is invested there euch sear, rents are cheapening stendily, and lbor finds smaller re ward than in any ‘other city in the State. luke commerce of Oswezo has been almost wholly absorbed in Buifalo and Rochester 0 the one elde, and the Welland Cunal on the otber It is worse than useless to throw good’ money after bad in improving a burbor that bas shipping, and no reusons fur expecting any. —————— is A RESIDEST of Baltimore has brought sult for $10,000 damuges against the Western Unioa Telegraph Company for the death of his 40n,' another resident has brought suit agalust ® same Company for $2,000 for injuries to 18 30% The somewhat -surprisiug grounds are that the Company had left a telegraph-pole ungu: on a truck ins public stract, and these boysand others attempted to play see-saw upon it, and it toppled oter, killing one of the boys and tajur ing the other. - $$ Mrxxesorta’s public schools cost 31,9280 this year. Tho waxes of teachers were A number or pupils enrolled, 180.248; number of school-bouses, 3,693; value of houses amd sitet. $3,156,210.10; male teachers, 1,374; female tedcor ers, 3,34L” There are three normal schools 1p the State, two of which represent superfluous cational enthusiasm. They are not needede ——— Tue Toronto Globe seems inclined to a the'fair ching by bia Lordship’s new book, for 5 began a review on the Friduy after publication under the heading of “Endymion” in letters énough to serve as a name on the stera of ® ship, and on Saturday it finished up the jou BE >