Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 19, 1880, Page 4

* Austria whieh a THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: ‘THURSDAY, FMBRUAKY Che Tribe. TERMS O¥ SUBSCRIPTION, DY MATI-~IN ADVANCE—-POSTAGE PREPAID, Pally eaition, one yonr K of & yenr, 0 menday, Tharsdny, and ear’ ndayy Wednendny, and Eaturday or Sunday, d Any Other day, por year...... one COPe. Lind of four, Club of ten. Bpecimen Give Post-Ofice aduross County. Remittances may be made elther by draft, express, Post-Office order, or in registored letter, at onr rink, TO CITY AUNSCHINENS, Dally, dolivered, Sunday excepted, 25 conte por weok, Daily, dolivorod, Sunday included, 20 conte por wook, Address HK TRINUNFE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Denrborn-sts., Chicago, II, POSTAGE, fall, including State,and Entered at tha Post-Ofice nt Chteago, Mk, ae Second= Clues Matter, For the benefit of our patrons who desire to sont fingte copter of THE TRIBUNE through the mall, we Rive horewith the transient rate of postage: Hight and ‘twelve P Hixteen Page Vaper. Eight and Twolvo Pago Paper, 3 conts Bixtocn Pago Paper . a conte TRIBUNE BRAN OFFICES. Per copy, 2 conis cents ‘Tre CHTCAdO 'TRINUNE has established branch offices for the recolpt of subscriptions nnd advaortise- monts as follows: NEW YORK—Noom 2 Tribune Dullding. F, 1. Mo- ¥appen, Manager, GLASGOW, Scotinnd—Allan'’s Amoriean Nowa Agency. 81 Ronfleld-st. LONDON, Eng.—American Exchange, 40 Strand. Benny ¥. Giuiie, Agent. WASHINGTON, 1M F atroct. | —_—— AMUSEMENTS, MoVicker's Theatre. Madison street, botween Dearborn and State. Fn- Bagoment of Mr, and Mrs, Mckee Rankin, “tho Dsnites." Haverty's Theatre, Dearborn streot, corner of Monrose, Engagomont of Louis Aldrich nnd Chartes‘l. Parsiug, “My Parinor.” Mooley's Theatre, Randolph street, between Clark and Ta8nile. En- geaRomont of Smith, Allon, Morton, and Afartin's Min- atrols. Olympic ‘Thentre. Clark street, between Iandolph and Lake. Engnge- mont of tho New York Burlesque Combination, “Ix- Jon; or, The Manat the Whool.” Hamtin's Theatre, Clark street, between Washington and Randolph, Engogomont of tho Leonard Grover Comedy Compa- By. “Our Honrding-Houso.” Mershey AMfuste-Hatl. Madieon atreot, betweon State and Dearborn, En- tertalnment by Prof. John leynolds, SOCIETY ME LNGS, RILWINNING LODGH, No.3, A.B. & Ay Mu 197 Kinzle-st, meets this ovening. Work an At; M. Do- Fe Oe SE VAREUER Yn, wt A.B, ALLEN, Boo'y. ee - THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1880. ‘Tue City Controller has an offerfrom capl- talists to take the wholo issue of new water ‘bonds amounting to $781,000, nt per cent in- terest, but thinks he could dispose of them at arate of interest as low as 434 per cent. ‘Tho bonds falling due in July bear 7 per cent Interest, and the refunding of this debt at 41¢ or per cent will effect an annual saving in the matter of interest of from $13,000 to $20,000, * Tne Common Council Inst evening made ssmal) beginning on the annual approprin- tion ordinance, halting for the evening at the Item of 60,000 for street-cteaning in the South Division, Itis proposed to have the heads of Departments present during the zonsideration of tho estimates to answer questions and impart such information as may be required from time to time. Mexico Is in the throes of a most excited Presidential campaign, and, as the natural condition of things In that country is never better than semi-revolutionary, there is much agitation abroad. The most prominent point mm the canvass is x charge agninst the most prominent candidate, Gonzatez, that he §s aot a Mexican but a Spaniard, and that he das neither sisters, cousins, nor aunts within the broad domain of the Mexicgn Republle, This chargo Is damaging Gonzaloz’s chances to.a considerable extent, many of his most prominent suppprters having abandoned his rause, —_— Tue question whether beer-kegs shill bo Inspected and the quantity of their contents certified by tho City Senler is one upon which the brewers and saloonkeepers are at Joggerhends. ‘ho Intter aro urging the passage of an ordinance which in effect would require beer to be sold to thom by the Gallon, but the brewers matntain that they now sell by the keg, the size aud contents of which $s purely a business matter Between themselves und thelr customers, and that the city authorities can no more regulate the quantity of beer ina keg than they can dic- tato to the saloonkeeper how large his “schooner” or ‘how small his “schnit’” shallbe, The City Attorney inclines. to the latter view, and thinks the Common Connell is not called upon to meddle in the matter elthor way, Extna distinction hag been conferred upon the Austro-Hungarlan Ambassador at Bor- Mn by the German Emperor in diuing with the former, and this efreunistance is con- strued aa showing the Emperor's purpose to silence the rumors that ho docs not fully ap- prove of the alllance between Germany and Bismarck has brought about, An udditlonal point of Interest in this connection fs contatned iy the statement of the Perseveranze, & Milan journal supposed to speak with authority, to the effect that the Austrinn Government has recontly addressed to Bis- marck an inquiry as to whether the terms of the alllance would be affected In caso Aus- tria should find it necessary to take mensures Hostile to Italy, to which the German Chan- cellor replied that no opposition te such 9, course would bo offered by his Goyernment.. ee ‘Tut views of a prominent Northorn Re- Publican, passing through Louisville on his return from an extended sojourn In the South, are given In a dispatch which wo vrint this morning. This gentleman, spenk- ing all the more fredly by reason of his iden- tity wet being disclosed, degeribes the tecling among Southern Dymo axone of great desire thab Gen. Grant should be'the Repo lican noralnos,ag,thoy regard hin.the casicat to be defeated umong all the Itepublicau can- dates, What the Confederates really fear ls that the Republican Convention will do so wiseathingas nominate Washburne; ‘and the opinion Is expressed that his nomingtion * would 60 enthusodzhe-Southern Republicans. chat théy could carry a‘dozen Congressional Ustricta in the South, even though they night not be able to secure the Electoral rote of asinglo Southorn State for the Ro qublican Presidential ticket, ~ ° " ——— One ByviHax, a prominent politician of Virginia, having given out to the Assoctated Press that he was prepared to fix upon Sen- Ator, Windom the responsibility for the ne- gro exodus, Mr, Vourhecs’ conunittec-room yesterday was crowded with ao curious throng, who wero anxious to see how the “fixing” was to be done, ‘The audience wus yery disngreenably disappulnted when the col- ored gentleman quoted from the speech of Mr. Windom in the Senate last year, wherein he advocated the appointment of a comnilt- tea to inquire as to the propriety ot encouraging and promoting the emt: gmtlon of colored people from the States where they were dented equal political rights with the whites, into some territory which might be provided for thelr oecupa- tion. Tho promised sensation fell so tat upon the expectant Committee and Hsteners that Mr. Voorhees refrained from questlon- {ng the witness, and turned him over to Mr. Windom, who, after giving Syphax o very lively “turning ovor,” released him from further attendance, and the legitfinate busi- Ness of the Committee was proceeded with, eee Ag wns to have been expected, and as has Deen predicted would be the case, the Louse Denwernts have utterly failed to deal with the Acklen scandal in a manner showlng a. purpose to punish rascality among their own party members, When the report of the Comittee on Foreign Affairs was presented and read yesterday—n report fully sustaining the charge of gross ilsconduct on the part of Acklen in the presentation of a bogus re- port under the pretense that he had been re- quested so to do by 9 colleague who was at the time absent—not n Democrat sprang to Ils feet, quivering with honest tndignation at an offense so grave and reprehensible, to move a yote of censure or to sct on foot pro- ceedings looking to the expulsion of the guilty member; and ft remained for a Re- publican to move the references of the subject, to the Judiciary Committee to sea whether any offense has been committed such as to call for further action by the House! ‘This motion was carried without opposition, and all that now remains fs for the Judiciary Conimittee to let the mintter rest until it has been forgotten and lust sight of, —_—. ‘Tie Democratic majority in the Houso of Representatives at Washington has again rejected in Committee of the Whole an amendment to the rules prolibiting the placing en appropriation bills any politteat riders or foreign legislation, Threo times hos the Democratle majority rejected this most wholesome of all the rules governing legislation, Included among those who per- sistently vote to reject this salutary regula- tion are the six Democrats from this State, Messrs. Morrison, Sparks, Springer, Stoven- son, Singleton, and ‘Townshend. ‘The peo- ple of every State in the country have had costly experlence of this system of londing appropriations bills with legislation that otherwise could not mect public ap- proval, and thus enabling corrupt legisia- tors to plead that thoy had to vote under coercion, Svomo of the States have taken measures by constitutional provision to prohibit this shameful kind of legislation, The people of Hllnols were Jong cursed with this kind of legislative enactment, practiced by both parties, and determined to brenk it up, So in 1870, by a popular majority of 100,000, they placed in tho Constitution of this State the following: Tho General Assembly shall make no appro- Printion of moncy outof the Treasury in any private luw. Bills making approprhitions for tho pay of membors and oflicers of the Gonerat Assembly, and for salaries of the officers of the Government, shall contain no proviston on any other mibject, .No not hereafter puased shill em- brace more than one subject, and that shall ho expressed in the title. ut if any subject shatl Yo embraced inn net which shall not te ox- pressed In the title, such act shall be void only as to so much thoreof os shall not be 80 ex- pressed, This {s tho imperative Inw which tho people of Illinois of both parties almost unanimously established to protect appro- printion bills agninat being subjected to po- Iitieal and other riders, Yet the six Demo- cratic Representatives from Ilinols per- alstently reject the adoption ofa Ike rate In Congress, whore such a regulation Is far more necessary to protect the country from abuses greater in number and more scandatfous and revoluttonary In their characte: ee RELATIVE to tho location of the Demo- eratic Presidential Convention, which ts shortly to be determined by the National Committee, the Louisville Couricrsfournal concludes a Jong article with the following paragraphs A movoment to locate the next National Con- vention nt Washington is on foot. It is the schomio of designing Congressmen, who, Ill-con- tent with thelr sugcess in dividing and muddling: tho pariyy want to deatroy it altogether by beringlug le within tho range of thelr stupid Ine trigues, ‘This should be defented. 1€ the Com- nilttee are driven to the wall, Louisville offers thom a.refuge. But Snywhero—Cinoinnatt, St. Louis, Chicago, even tho beadwiters of Sult Xiver—would be preferable to that reservoir of idlocy and rascality, Washington City. Mr. Watterson Is certainly righton general principles. No polltleal party should hold its National Conventionat Washington at any: time. Washington is a natural rendezvous for pollileiuns, and Is always too far removed from the people. ‘The local influences upon a Presidential Convention of any party would pretty surely be bad in tho National Capital, and the delegutes would personally suffer from the oppressive heat of that region in summer and the enstomary extortion of a community that Ives entirely upan strangers or temporary sojourners. Mr. Watterson’s particular purpose In avolding Washington, however, ty confessed to be a desire to es- cape froma set of Democratic Congressional politicians who, as he belleves, are responsible for Mr. Tilden’s present exclusion from the White House, and who, a3 he openly charges, betrayed Mr, Tilden by overthrowing his pln for counting the Electoral vote and by actopt- ing the machinery of an Electoral Commission whieh resulted so disastrousty to. the Tilden cause. If Mr. Watterson is really as much devoted to Mr. ‘Tilden’s destiny as he pro- fesses to be, he can In nowise serye his favorit’s cause so well for the present as by using his tnflucnce to secure the cholco of Chicago for tha Democratic Convention. ‘Thera fs no other city in the country, Louls- ville not exeepted, where ‘Tllden can be so sure of fulr play; and Mr. Watterson should, In his own personal interest, remember that there fs no other elty on the continent where hecan spend the few days which are to be given up to the Convention In inldsummor so comfortably as In this city, Toe TuBUNY, while advocating tho removnl of tho paper duly, ts silent on the removal of the duty on other artivles of equal Importance to the Amerioan people, Why does: not Tun ‘TRibUNE take & brond, a univerdul, view of the sulout und advocate the opening of tho ports af tho United States to tho freo commerce of tho world?—Evening News, ©. +4. ‘Thore is no bil before Congreis; or likely to be, contemplating a “brond and uniyer- sal revisfori of the tariff,” or “of, free and unrestricted commercial Intercouraopotween the United Stutes and forelgn nations.” And itis doubtful if there ure half-a-dozen mem- bers of Congress who would support any. bill “opentng the ports ot the United States to the free counnerce of the world.” ‘There are not many politicians, in or out of Congress, hy favor of nbolishing nll duties and support- ng the Government by direct taxation. ‘Tho Neivs 3 onc of the very few journals which sipport such an ultra proposition, ‘The pres- wnt tari, while professedly protective, con- tains provisions which seriously eripplemany {ntorests and are antl-protective Jn thelr ef- fects, In others itso overwhelms protected Intwrests that they have perlshed, or Inn- gulsh because of the loads placed upon them, ‘The protection is unequal, Some luterests ure protected to the extent of prohibition of imports, while other Industries are Attually prohibited by the onerous {axes {imposed on them, ‘To somoclasses of manufactures It admits raw iaterint free of ¢ or ata nomlnal tax, while other manufactures aro erushed under the taxes they have te pay: on many of the raw materlals and essentials In their trade, Wherever the raw materials or articles necersary to any branch of manufacture are taxed, such tax is In the interest of the forpign manufacturer, who pays no sieh tax. OF what avail fs it to have fA manufacture protected when the ima- terlal entering into the manufacture fs stile jected to Ike taxation? All the anti-pro- tective duties, such a3 inerease the cost of production to the home manttfacturers, should be removed wholly, or to such an ex- tentas shall relieve them from what ts now an oppressive burden, An instance of this kind ts furnished In the ease of paper, Cone aress levies heavy taxes on wood and straw pulp used In making papers it hnposes large duties on soda-ngh, and ecanstle-soda, and other chemlents required fn the manufacture of paper, Congress having thus burdened and obstructed the papermukers on the one hand, it “protects” them front the conse- atences of Its folly on the other by levying a tax on the newspapers of 20 per cent Jf they venture to fimport any paper, It authorlzes the papermakers to charge the publishers, in addition to fretghts, 20 per cent more than the legitimate market price of paper, In order to reimburse them for the blundering taxes It fevies on thelr raw materials! ‘This ts very kind of Congress to the papermakers, but. who Is‘to reimburse the publishers? No “protection”? las been given to them, and they are being overcharged right. along, and,. therefore, they naturally ‘kick. The repeal of the taxes which are now ins posed on the pulp and chemients used in paper-naking will so reduce the cost.of inak- Ing that our manufacturers can produce vrinting-paper and sell tt at less price than ft ean be imported und delivered for at the Placo of consumption, when the duty on paper is repeated, ‘This is what THe ‘Sarre xe and nearly the entire American press are ndyocating, Itis a reform of one of the worst and most oppressive features of the existing taritf, As no general reviston blll will be entertained or neted on until after the Presidential election, there is no other course left for the press than to ask Congress for the relief contniued in Col. Fort’s bill ns i6 may be amended by the Ways and Means Committee; and the Netexshould assist, The part of wisdom isto secure the Grentest at- tainable good and to take a half or quarter loaf rather than no bread, THE HENDERSON RAILROAD BILL. The bill agreed upon by the Commerce Committee as n substitute for Reagan’s bill will bo reported to tho House with a request that an early day be assigned for its conslder- ation; and, while it nay possibly be amend- ed, It will furnish at any rate tho basts for the action which Congress shall (ake in re- gard to the regulation of tho railroads. As the Washington dispatches have failed to deserlbe the measure in detail, its provisions may be summarized for the jaformation of the public. A Commission is provided for, which shall consist of three members, to be appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, who shall hold the office for two, four, and alx years respectively, from July 1; a0 vacancy in tho Commission will thus oecur once every two years, which is to be filled by appointment and confirmation in the samo manner ns at first, Tho Commisstoners aro to be paid annual salaries of $5,000 cach and traveling expenses, and are to have necessary clerical assistance, Including 9 secretary and an accountant at salaries of $2,500 each. The jurisdiction of this National Commis- sion embraces a supervision over that portion of the railroad business which may pass be- tween different States and Territories, or to or from any foreign country, or within the Mtmits of any Territory, or when crossing navigable rivers. It ts mude the duty of the Commission to preserlbe a railroad year and neystem of reports to be reyulred from all the rallroads coming within the terms of tho act, The Commission ts also required to make an annual report of Its own dolngs to the Secretary of the Interlor, in whieh shall be incorporated not merely tho Information ithas gathered relutive to the management of the rallronds, but“ the data necessary to tho gradual ennetinent of an intelligent sys- tem of National legislation regulating Inter- State railroad commerce.” ‘Tho Board of Commissloners fs also authorized to Investi- gate all complaints of diserlminatlon, and, when such charges are npproved by an Incorporated Board of ‘rade, or any State or Clty Government, the investlena- tion may: be delegated to any one Come inisstoner, and made on the spot; “tho results of such investigation and the findings of the Commissioners thereon shall be reported In writing to the parties thereto, and Included In the next annual report of the Bonrd.” It {s also provided that the Come, missloners shall have power to sumuon wit- nesses, compel the production of books, pavers, accounts, and reports, and Invoke the Authority of United States Commissioners to punish for contempt, {n the prosecution of any investigation they may undertake, In the ense of derelict rallronds that refuse tacomply with tho terms of this or other United Statess laws regulating inter-State commerce, tho Commission is required to serve notices on the offending corporation, and, If the rallrond shall persist in a refusal to able by the order of the Commission, tho. facts are to be set forth In the Board’s amual report, with a recommendation of such ac tion or legistation a3 the Commissioners may deem proper, ‘The Commisston is also que thorized, fu the cnse of persistent violation, to present the facts to the Attorney-General of the United States, who shall take such pro- cecdings thereon as he may deem necessary snd propor. itis set forth Inthe law that no railrond company “shall charge, collect, demand, or recelye more than n fair-find rensonable rate of toll or compensation’; “nor directly. nor Indireatly charge to or recelva from any per- son or persons any greater or less rate or Amount of freight charge or compensation than is charged toor recelyed from any othor person for tho saine facilities and for Ike and contemporaneous service under shatlur elrcumstances and conditions’; nor shall “direetly or indirectly allow any person any rubies or drawback, or other advantage In any form upon shipments made or Inyolces rendered under Ike conditions and fur the same conteporancous service,” Theso pro- visions are applied to ‘nl, {nter-State ship ments, whether carried by’ ona or more rall- ronda, or partly by water, but are.tmited to the carrying, storing, and handling of care Jonda; thoy. also exempt Government prop orty, or snch property us 1s carried for char- lable, echicatlonal, or sglentitia’ purposes, or fo and from public faira fdr _ purposes of oxhi- bition, 4 ‘The penalties provided for violation of these rules Is a forfelturo of three times the amount of damage sustained, to be recovered by sult {n any District or Cirentt Court of the United Btates, anda fine of nob Jess than $1,000, to be recovered by the United Btates In anactlon brought by the Commisslonors, onrhalf of which, when collected, 1s to bo pald over to the party damaged by the viola- ton which furnishes tho basis of the action. As to “ pooling," It is shuply provided that tho Comnutssion shail Inquire Into’ the prac tive, * and state tho result of thelr Inquiry In their first annual report, and whether in thelr opinion and judgment nny, and tt so what, legistation Is expedient {n relation thereto,” ain oxamination of tho full text of the Hen- derson bill fnduees us to regard It as mora sulisfactory than the Reagan bill, Inasmuch ns It provides for a Nattounl Commission, whieh the Reagan dill omllted altogether, Dut tho Henderson bill ts evidently regarded, A8 & preparatory mensure, and the powers of the National Commission are restricted to mn degrea that will not enable them to furnish the public with the full mensure of protection and the prompt legal remedies which the people demand, This bi will be a great tmprovement, in+ doubtedly, upon the present Inck of super- vision, and, If it shall become a law, itmay lead to the perfection of a National system of rallrond regulation that shall be adequate to the pudile demands, Its passage should bo advocated by all the members of Congress who side with'the people in thelr confilet with the railrond corporations, if 1t bo im- possible to seetre ® more comprehensive mensure. But there are soveral obvious and notable oniissions in the bill, ‘Thero is no prohibition against charging a largersum for a less than forn greater distance In the trans- portation of freight. There {s no reason why shipments of less than a ecar-lond should be eXeluded from the operation of the Natlonal prohibition against ex- tortion and discrimination, Thero shontt be a provision requiring tho publle posting of rates by the diferent. railroad cor porations, after such rates had been approved by the National Board of Commisstoners, and forbidding the changing of auch rates except with the consent of the Nationnl Board and after a stipulated notice to the public. Fl- nally, the National Board should haye been given the power to Issue orders to rallroad corporations, after the investigating of com- plaints, which should be binding pending an apporl to the United States Courts, and thus throw upon the corporations the burden of resisting the lnw. so that the cost and delay of Iitigntion could not be used to defeat the Interests of the public, which the Inw ts ostensibly designed to protect. Itis by no nieans clear why the Commerce Coinmittes have not followed the model of the English Jaw more closely, which furnishes much better machinery forthe prevention of ex- tortion, diserimination, and combinations prejudicial to the publle interests, It isto be hoped that’ the Henderson bill may be amended in this direction before its passage, THE UNHAPPY” OZAR, “ Unensy Iles the head that wearsa crown”; and the unensiest, heal in Europe must, bo that of the Czar, Within a few years past five attempts have been made to take his Iife, three of them within the past six months, 111866 9 Russian named Dimitrl Kuraknasoft attempted to shoot him !n St. Petersburg, but was folled by » peasant, who was ennobled as a reward for ils valor, This wasn year after the Czar hatl rejected tho demand of the old Moscow nobility for a representatlve form of government, A sec- ond attempt was made upon his life in 1667, while he was attending a review in the Bois de Boulogne, during the Paris Exhibition, by a Pole named Berezowski. This had nothing todo with the demand for the chango of governinent which he had refused, but grew out of the Polish persecutions. Since tliosa days the desire for popular representation in tho Government has spread through all ranks of society, and its most public mani- festation has been in the form of Nihilism. To this seeret and powerful organization must be charged tho Inst threa attempts upon his life, The first of these was in the early, part of last fall, whon n Nihilist conspirator shot at him as ho was walking tfaltended in the gardens of the palace, Ifis escape from death was almost marvelous, With the failure of this attempt the conspirators seem to have aban- doned shooting and adopted explosion ns the ngeney with which to effect tholr violent purposes. In December Inst, as the Czar was. traveling from Livadla to Moscow, the rail- road was undermined near the Intter elty. ‘The conspirators, however, made a mistake In tho time and blew up the Imperial baggnge- train instead of the passenger-train on whieh he was riding, and which had passed over the spot only ashort time previously, The wreck was a complete ono, and had. not the mistake of which we have spoken occurred Russia would now linve been without Alex- ander IZ, for {ts Ozar, As illustrating the absolute scerecy with which the Nihilists work, an fneldent which happened on the followlug day ts in point, The Czar attended the theutrae in Moscow that evening, and, as he was to remain but a short time, his valet entered tho box with him, carrying Ils overcoat on his arm. Apparently no person had been. near the Czar or the valet while entering the thea- tre or while occupying the box, and yet when the Czar turned to go out and put on {ls coat he found In the pockets a letter from the Executive Committeo of the Nilllists, notifying him that, though they had failed to biow him up the day before, thoy would speedily renew the attempt, the next thie nearer home, and, if they fatled again, they” would persevere untll they succeeded, The dispatches yesterday morning brought the Intelligences that the attempt was made again on Monday last, a nine having been exploded under the guard-room of the Winter Palace, which Is Immediately under Uhe dining-rooin, at the usual hour of dining. By some ucel- dental delay the Royal party did not arrive at their customary time, and so the loss of life was contined to soldiers on duty, five of whom wore killed and thirty-five wounded, The explusion was a success, and sufticiently destructive in Its results to havg slaughtered, the Czar and all his faintly, but, as in the caso of the railroad attempt, providentially they were elsewhere, $ It is ovldent that such an attempt could not have been made without the complicity of | some of the attendants upon the Royal house- hold, and It confirms the rumors which have been in circulation of lato that Nihiism has, ‘8 foothold in Court, and that the Czar knows not whom to trust fn his Court, in his army, or among his police,—not to mention Its hold upon the untversitles, the professtons, and the commercial classes, a8 well. ng the lower ranks ofthe people. ‘Tho persistence with whieh it carrles out Sts designs shows deep- sented grievances, Thera ure many of these causes at work, stich as financial distress, great suffering among the agricultural classes, the harsh treatment of political pris- oners, the rigors of cruel laws, and religious intolerance of the most brutal character; but the one crowning grievance of the peo- plo of Russia is the despotic military power of tho autocrat whe rules them, During the past few years, what was at first dissatistac- tlon has grown into a widespread anil almost unlyersal determination to opposo {t with tho demand for a constitutional form of government and popular represontation, ‘They have glyen up without complaint thou- sands of Hyves and millions of monoy to se- cure these reforms for Bulgurlang, Roume- Hans, and other people in the Danubian prin- clpulitics, and now thoy demand them with goo renson for themselves, It matters little to them whether they are rendy for the change or not, Thoy are bound that the ox- perlment shall be Snaugurated,—for any change Is better than the oppression under which thoy ure sufferlny,—and we may look for repetitions of these consplracics until elther thelr demands are secured or the Czar 1, 1880. ia removed, elther by seeret nssastuntion or open revolution, His only hope of aMfety Hes either in granting the de- mand or resigning‘aghe throne to tho Crnrowitz, who fs méro Hberul in his vows, anid, It ls unilerstood, fs not avorse to. the new political scheme, In one of tholr recent manifestocs, the Nihilist Executlya Commiltes sald; “Tf Aloxander 11, would recognize what a dreadful calamity he is n= Meting on Russia, how unjust and criminal Js the oppression ho creates, and, renouncing Ns authority, would transfer such toan As- sembly freely elected by untversal suffrage and provided with instructions by tts elect- ors, then only would we leave Alexander II, {n pence and forglve him all Mis offens ‘This Is the ultinatum, aud If itis not grant ed itisonly aquestion of very bricf time how soon we shall again chroniclo the work of tho nasnstns. THE RAILROAD EMBARGO ON WESTERN GRAIN, We published in Tit ‘Trmune yesterday a letter from “Gath” to tha Cincinnatl Bn- quirer, reporting Interviews of New-York- ers, denouncing what he styles tho “lock- up” of grain at Chieago and at othor points inthe West. We published tho letter asa somewhat curtous item of news, and asan illustration of how the great railroad com- bination has undertaken to plunder the pro- tlucers of the West, and how they linve been folled and defeated. ‘ “Cath” reports ono of his informants as saylng: As tho rates stand in Chicago, the prine!pnl Have of re t, thoy. control averywhere else. Now, xou seo how often this thing can be dauc. Considerable grain stands locked: up in tho eles yators of tha country; they are full, and-ean reeelye nomore, ‘The pricd, which ought to be about $1.05 1 bushel, stp to $147 per bushel, They eommot ship the grain from Chicagu to Now York, beenuse tt commands more monoy in Chivago thin in New York, It will not leave whero [tls worth $1.47 to come ton plree where itsells for no more, and pay the railrond tollg besides, There 1s no doubt that the trunk rallroads and a clique of bear speculators would very much Itke to see the price of wheat In Chi- engo $1.05 per bushel, but “Gath? allowed hiniself to be most Indicrously imposed upon by the assertion that the price of wheat hero Is $1.47 por bushel, which he might fave ensily ayvaided by looking at the grain quota- tons, No.3 wheat sold in Chicago on Tuesday at $1.223¢ cash and $1.23%¢ for March. In New York, same day, wheatgold at $148@1.49, ‘The ensh sales in Chiengo are subject to storage not exceeding four cents a bushel, and to the charge for tuspectton, Tho raflrond rate for transportation to New York Is 40 cents per 100 pounds, which is equivalent to 2 cents per bushel, and the charges In the Port of New York average three cents per bushel, making 27 cents, It will bo scen, therefore, that the price of wheat is only about three cents per bushel above what it will sell for in New York after paying transportation and other charges, and not 27 cents’ nbova it, as “Gath’s” decelver stuffed hin intobelfeving. The letter of “Gath” was a wail on tho part of New York operators and gamblers, and of the rallrond combination, that the people In the West send their grain to Chicago, whero they sell {t for several cents per busliel more than they can get for it in New York. Tho wheat in the West can find the highest cash market in this elty. The purchasers here pay their moncy for ft, and can afford to hold it until navigation oyiens, or until tha: rail- road-pool combination reduces Its rate: of transportation. If the price of whent in Now York is rel- atively considerably less than it fs tn Chi- engo, the trouble ig not with Chiea- go, but with tho raltronds, which refuso to move {6 at rates that will enable New York to purchnse it, ‘The mare gin of difference between tho prices In Chi- eago and Naw York is consumed by the ex- cessive rates exacted for transportation by the raftronds, If tho ratlways shall reduce thelr rates to 25 cents per 100 pounds, then New York dealers may be able to purchage {n Chicago all the whent they want and sell ata profitin Now York, In this “Gath” letter tt Is stated that thore are 800 vessels In New York harbor waiting for cargoes of grain, and that tn ‘this lst of vessels are Included stenmers and ships of all kinds, not counting anything stualler than a brig; that these vessels are lying in that harbor idle, and at such heavy cost ns to be destroying the value of the property; and that steamers carry gratn at 0 nominal price for ballast, All this may be true, but tho fault 1a not with the Chicago merchants, but with the trunk-line railroads, which inslst on confiscating the produce of the West un- «ter the pretext of transporting it to the sea- board. ‘The people In New York and at all tho At- lantic cities seem to forget that the control- ling grain market Is no longer at tho sea- board, and that New York enn no longer «ic- tate the price to be pald to the producers. ‘Tho inarket1s here in Chiengo, where the grain gravitates, Were the producers enn yond overy bushel of grain they may have for sale abthe highest rates, and the prices at, which gratn is to be sold henco aro fixed and determined here, ‘There is great taille abont some one or two Callfornfans who have purchased grain and have It in store here, and tliere Is a complaint that these one or two operators control what they call “the grain blockade,” and they aro accused of some iInck of patriotlsin: because they do not break thls “blockade” for tha benellt of the New York railroad combination. The world knows that the grain is hero and for sate, and they come here to buy It on the best terms thoy can obtain hero, and this without reference to New York or other Atlantic ports. It has also ceased to bo necessary for Chicago to borrow money from New York sharps to buy. grain, ‘The West has {ts own capital, and fs able to hold and enrry {ts own products, and the fact that some few Now York, or rather California, men have purchased quantities of grain and hold it here ts evidence that they regnrd thjs city-ns the real market, and not New York; but even the fow New-York- ers, or rathor Californians, who have grain in store hore, aro but ordinary traders, The grain in Chicago and other Western celtics is the property of hundreds of persons, who find this place, and not Now York, the mare ket to deal sn, The voracious “Gath” represents the grain In store In this clty 18 subject to stor- age at the rnte of two cents por bushel per mouth through the wluter, Tho rate of stor- ago on wheat from Novy, 15 to April 15, 0 perlod of five munths, in no enso exceeds fourconts per bushel, In April navigntion will be opened; tho harbor of this city Is thronged with vessels laden with wheat, and this duet, duplicated and triplicated, will sail with grain In less than sixty days, whieh grain, purchased abrond, will probably find {ts way to Europe without troubling clther the railroais or tho City of New York, and will be sold here at Ohleaxzo prices, and not at those of Now York, Tho fact that the Inke ports have been able to purchase all the gralu of the West has enabled the producers of the Western States to ,obtain anything Mke falr prices for thelr productions, The Tallroads used thelr power infamously to grasp the ontlre profit on the orops of the West; thoy advanced thelr rates from 15 tod0 cents perl00 pounds for transportation, Chicago interposed; has purchased all the grain offered and holds ft, and, in, due time, when tho railroad embargo shall ‘be ratsed, will sell that grain at its market value, Tad tho rallroads continued to move grain at oven 25 cents per 100 pounds, the graln might have been sold; but, because of the embargo Intl by tho railronds upon. the shipment of grain during the close of navigation, Chieago and tho Inke elties have purchnsed all tho crop at prices giving the producers tho profit to which they were cniltted under oll tho clrenmstances of tho foreign demand. The willions of dollars which the railroads have, by.thelr infamous combination, attampted to appropriate to themselves, linve been secured to tho producers through tho ability of the West to purchaso and hold the property until the roads to market shall be freed from thelr icy barriers nnd the embargo by tha rallronds entirely removed. The moral of allthis ig, that Chteago is able, Mnancially, to malntain her market, and 13 ns independ- entof tho combined railroads as sho fs of New York City Tre furious Opposition of ‘Tire Crago. Trisune to John Sherman seems unneeountuy ble, but wo remember ‘Tin ‘Trunuse waa a peaies of ovilinense Sherman enrricd out tho Resumption vet, and its prophecies have beonso falsified that {ennturally foelsresentmont.—Cin- cfnnatt Commeretat. Wo also “romombor" that the Commerctat wasn fellow “ prophet of evil" in’ the samu sensons Tite Tiinune. Both papers “ propho- sicd” that untess silver was remonetized re- siunptlon could not be succossfully maintatned, TurTrrpune had avout six urticles a week onthe necessity of remonotizing allverns partof the spo- ele-roaumption polloy, while the Commerelat bat froin lx toxtxteen silver articles por diem, and somo days ns high ag twenty. Jobn Shorman, as Secretary of the Trenaury, nado “ furfous oppo- sition” to remonetization of the “dotlars of the daddies,” and dragyed the President after him,, and egged him on to veto tho bill aftor it had passed both branches of Congress by enormous majorities, No Wall strect gold-bug was mora furlously hostile to bimetullsin than John Shor- man, who, by tho way, had moro to do with tho echeme of demonetizing allver than any momber of the Senate or perhaps of Congress. And ho stili continuca hoatite to sflver money, and would repeul the luw any day {f he had the power; and tho Commercial knowa lt. Notonly would John Sherninn abolish silver as legal-tender monoy, but ho advocates the demonetizntion of tho greenbacka, and has committed tho President to tho sninc most mischfovous scheme, Ho would have no monoy with which debts can bo paid oxcept gold, being porfeotly Indifferent or reckless to tho disastrous consequences of such ff fAscal polloy in thiscountry, If the Commer- etal will juatify and “romember" these things nud its own antecedents, or somo of thom, the opposition of Tie Triunn to John Sherman for Prestdent will not seom so “unnccounta- bie.” Ti Philadelphia Telegraph also sees a gol deal more thin mere words in the alleged authoritative withsrawal of tho Hon. &, B, Wash- burne in favor of Gon. Grant. The Telegraphsays: Mr, Washburne is reported to have again do- nied that ho Is, or that ho willbe, a candidate for the Republican noralnation for the Tresidoncy. ‘This wo tuke to meen that a Washburne boom will shortly be booming with all tho noise that a Ilve boom ought to boom with, In these latter days booms ulmost always start with deolinn- Uonson tho part of the would-be oandidate—It has 0 modest, unpretendiug sortot alook. Tho question really fs, not whethor Mr. Washburne expecta toben candidate for the Republican, nomination, but whether he will take the nomi- nation if It fs offered to him. | ‘Tre Greonvillo (Mich.) Independentshouts for Blainc. It saya In ite Inst Isauo: Dlalno fs Mentors favorit. mah But so it ‘was in 187d, and Michigan delegates know it ton; yet they deliberately voted fur Hayes, Had thoy been exponents of the sentiment which gave them tholr power, they would hinve voted for Bining to the ond, and he would have this been noniunted. Lot the Kepublican State Cone ventlon of this year choose delegates whom thoy can trust will express tholr rentlinonts,—not ins considerately adopt anothor “dark horse,” but yote straight through fur tho people's choico, James G, Blaine. | Ava ball in Chleayo theother night a yisit- ing miner throw off his cont that he might, put more of the old John Barleycorn onthuslasm Into bia unns wher whirling his girl around. An officer who, an hour later, pleked_ up the forgot- ten cont, found fn Its pockets $127,000 In monoy: but the oflicer know better than to keep any of the moncy.—Current tlem. Thero aro two insignificant errors In tho nbove item. Tho amount was $1,270,000, firfstead of $177,000; and tho ownor of the cout was nota minor, but a reporter on an evening nowapaper, “Ir the cholee next Novembor,” says the Balthnore American (ltop,), 18 to be simply bo- tween Grant and Tilden, thousands of Repub- lean and Democratte voters will follow Mr. Ifal- stead’s oxnmplo and take to tho woods. Bo to apeuk, tho woods will bo full of them.” Out in tho prairio States thor aro no woods for good Republicans to skulk in; and, anothor good 8lgn, thoy don't want to ekulk, — ConKLING. cannot point with much pride to the regent vote at his Uticahome on instruct- ing the war! delegates for Grant, To be sure, Grant carrlod tho voto of over 1,700 by 47 mn- Jority, but one of the Conkllug delogates sought votes by claiming to be a Diaine man, and inane othor ward, whore tho tickets were headed with Conkling’s namo for President, they wore boaten altogether. —__— Os the other hand, ‘time Trmnung always has candidates of {ts own, and nttempts to bull- rag tho party into accepting tts dictum, but in- variably falls.—Hventny Journal, . As Mr, Shuman wos Tie Trmuse’s candidate for Liontenunt-Govornor, and was both nomi- nated and elvoted, It has not “ Invariably failed,” Unless hovhas beon a failure,” and tho Journal will hesitate to maintaln that proposition. See ‘Tim majority In the Choinnath Conven- tion by which the unit rulo was overthrown was forty-two (42), And this without assistauce from Pennaylyauta, all the delegates from which, aavo one, agrecing thut the vote of the Stato bo cast fortho rule. Mad thoso who disupproved the rulo insisted upon voting to break it, tho major~ Ity would havo been boty 80 and 100, Senator Jones, of Novada, says the Re- publicans of bis State will support eithor Grant or Blaine, and that no other caudidates are men- toned, The Bountor’s business and personul roe lations with these gentlomon aro auch that he docs not caro to make known his own prefer- ence, from which it is.protty safe to infer thut ho fs strongly inolined to Blaino, ——— Tue demand for free paper ts 6 laboring man's question, With papor at the presont high rates typos can never hopo for an advanco of wages. Tho paparmakers’ ring absorbs all tho bonofits of the business boom to nowspapers, The St. Paul Press, which hog juat had to con- tond with a printers’ steko, refused an advance of wages on this distinot ground. —_—_—_—— Tue Sherman mnss-meeting In New York BSuturday night (sixteon strong) elected # Presl- dont, two Vice-Presidents, n Sccrotary, Trens- urer, and an Excoutive Committoo of saven tmombers—twelve ofticers in all, Thia teavos but four high privates in the rear rank of the Sher. man party, Ir Ja rathor surprising that an old, astute manager lke Congressman Ketcham, of Now York, should jump in for Bhilne at Washing- ton, unless he ‘fs awaro that tho river diutricta and the wostorn sections of tho State, for Maino in the past, are to be for him aguin, —— Joux B. TIAWLEey has a newspaper boom for hla oandiducy for Governor, Tho following papers hve" fined": Rook taland Unton, Auh- loy Gazette, Arlington Molghts Hernid, Shannon patie Wh County Republgan, Bt. Coarles Review, . “Tue Electoral vil In tho New York As- sembly is not dead, but sleeping, A word from Roscoo Copkling would make it yery lively ine -deod, Tho question {s, Will that word bo spoken; and, ff uo, in whose intoreat? Anotuen Pennsylvania delegate to tho Chicago Convention announces bis intention to disobey the Harrisburg instructions, This time itis O. D. Kinnoy, of Bradford County,’ eee Sexaton Laman has returned to Wash- ington from Missiesippl. He is atill obliged to usd a crutch, but otherwise appears to bo In ex- vollent health. ‘Tue Buffalo Commercial Advertiser ad- mits that Illinois may prove to be tho pivotal Stato in ranking the nomination, but says that in tho elution New York must bo regarded us tho truo pivot. Thatia well aud good, Jot nlone ao thnt the peopl ean mak ergs lk heard, sho wilt be such n remarkably ond e My In tho Convention that New York wilt at and call her blessed {1 tho election, 180 up _—————— PERSONALS, “Tatil! boom.—Lleut-Oov, Shoonan, Mr. Acklen was his own wieked partner, an mile nfsaving been titer uaried, K in Fonso Iawatd to be oxtremely seoxsd ya! Diamonds will soon be cheap, perfecting an elvotrio shirt-atud olorks, ‘Tho Intest now book Is entiited, After AIL" Thla should bo sulics overy bachelor on hia giant, “Anxtous: Voter"—Scoretary health was nover bottor than at thoro Is not tho allghtcst dunger into a deelinie, * Pauline Markham bas run away from h husband and a “Pinafore” company, Thoret alimitto female onduranco, and it Appears 3 havo been disvoyeroy, 4 Tho Nihilists are ovidontly determined that fe Czar shall onatiny tho most ctevatert port in Russia, but tholr methodsof getting hi aroopen to objections. Ea hee Thomas McElrath, of Marlboro: tlm of Insomnin, has not slept for ty and offers a iberal reward for n cure. chance for tho Bventng Journal to elroulntion. * Woodworker,” an Indian Chief, anys hy has novor seen a grayehnired Indian tn his life, antl he has seen some aver years old. It tome red man would only start a paper, the longetely want of gray-hended Indiana would he Supplied, The cablo brings tho {ntelllence that Lord Rosebery bus tho menstes. People on this aide of tho wator. will regrot to learn that tho distin. gulshed invalid 1s not tho horse that Is to tun against Parole noxt spring, but the gentle for whom hots uamed. ae x Bon Uoaliday ts for the twelfth winter be. foro the United States Sonate with his claim for half a milion of dollars for tosses sustatned by Indian dopredations while carrying the overland mall, THis routo was 1,203 miles tn length, through the Indian Territory, and he used to omploy 450 tren and 1,500 horses, The two new Indles-In-walting who have this year coma out with tho Princess Louse to Canada are both of them fale widows, One, Lady Pelly, a daughtor of Tord Elcho, tho orig. inntor of the gront English voltunteor move. ment, fs tho whtow of Slr Honry Curstatrs Pelly, Tart. who dled In 1877; and tho other, tho Hon, Mrs, Langham, a daughter of Lord Macdonald, of Antrim, and a sister of the Viscountess Tare bat, is the widow of Capt. Algernon Langham, of the Gunrds, who dled in 1873, . ‘The annual blessing of the Neva took place at St. Petersburg on tho 18th of January, tho. Emperor and his household attending tho cere. mony, On tho bencdiction being given, hundreds of dovotces hastily prostrated themselves to drink at tho river, or to fll botttes with tho water, which fs conaldered an excellent remedy in somo disonsos, A fow funatles cvon bathed fn tho Neva to explate sins they had committed by wearing masks nt tho recont fotes, althongh the pemporagnre at the timo was 27 degrees Fabrem heit. Thora has been considerable discussion Intely avout tho Bible, and it fs not surprising that the people of Benton, Minn, fell Into tho Bencrul custom, and for several weeks argu Ments on both sides woro hauded around with, great freedom, Feeling that tho matter bad gone far onough, Dr. Prudon, 0 well-known citl- zen, walked into a prayer-mecting ono evening last week having in one hand n copy of tha Sertptures, while tho. othor contained a cocked revolver, Cnsually remarking that thoro had ‘veon allogothor too much controversy over cere tain pnasuges in tho book, tho Dootor announced that ho would kill anybody that differed with him regarding thom. Without waiting to nscer+ tain which side of tho question tho gentleman proposed to take, the meoting rupldly nde cee gS ‘Tho Doctor is now In @ lunatic nsy- um, Eillson fy s for hot A Woman ent to pu Sherman's Present, ang Of hls falling Bh, a vie. ‘elo yearg, Mere tag increase ity ood POLITICAL POINTS, The political question of the day is whether it {s Logan of Ilinots or Mllnols of Logan. It appears to be generally ndinitted that it is Penne sylyania of Cameron and New York of Conkling a4 far ns tho Repuplican party 18 concerned. Springfeld (Masa.) Republican, So long us Illinois has a candidate before tho Chicago Convention no foresancr necd apply, Mr, Blaino and bis frionda will have to get rid ot atleast two yory promincnt candidates—Grant and Washburne—beforo thoy can hope to secure Tlinofa, Mllnofs men want ottice,—wo mean most of thoso who intorest thomselyes in poll tica,—-and thoy know enough to know that, if Grant or Washburne fa nominated and elected, ore will bo a good many more nppalnted from WMinola than tf Blaine 1s chosen.—Lloomington (EL) Pantagraph ‘Tho Chicago Inter-Occan ts In trouble bee cause of the alleged purpose of Mr. Dininc'd f{rlends to make n contest for tho Ilinolsdelegar tion in support of that candidate. Tho 1-0, ine sists that becnuse Gen, Grant hails from Iltinols, thorefore that Btate should be conceded to tho support of his candidature, whothor or no. ‘Tha 18 neking too much, for ib Is not known, first, that Gon. Grant himself uska for such favor; while, second, In nny event, the Republican masses of that State have a right to a frevly exe pressed choice, Of coum, Jf tho. people wun rant the Stato delegation should support bij othorwise not.—Davenport (Id.) Gazettc. Southorn Republicans may want Grant for Presldont, but Southern Democrats wil! ate tend to it that not 2 Southern Btato shall be counted for any Hepublican candidate next yeur; so that, all this talk about Grant being able to carry Southern States, anywhero except in the nominating Convention, fs simply boty and It would be very unwise to let Southern Hee publicans who enn, In the very nuture of things ave no voles in tho election of a Repubtlcua Presidont, dictate too much In regard to who tho Republicanashall have Cor astandand-bearets There {4 not a Stute in tho North that ean be cate ried by Grant which cannot bo carried by Hlalne ag well, and In many of tho States Blaine would huyo much tho ouslest vietory.—Llatle Valley (Web) Republican, Noman ts a necessity to any position ia socloty or wulk in life; no matter how well be may fill his position, thero aro othor men equally ascapuble, And so ft ta with Gen. Grunt; he hns served his country woll, and during bit torms of offico has given general satisfaction to the party that plaved hin theros but tore aré othor men of as grent exccutive ability iu the Republican party, men who have been life-long Republicans, and olthor ono of thom would make 8 good Presldont. The people wish ta svo ond 0 those men nominated, and if thoir will 1s de fentad tho fault will Ho with tho machine polls tlelans, and they must bear the blnmo of thy re sult,—Terre Haute Und.) Expres (Rep) The Binine forces havo ovidently deter mined to centro tholr atrenyth in linols, hoping thoreby to break the program Jald out by the Grant managers In Washington somo weoks ago |. to carry tho Ponnaylvanis, New York, and lille nols Conventions, and roly upon the effect of theso victories upon the othor States for n walle over. If Blaine can call a halt in Hllnois he w! rf gain 8, great triumph. His strength there growing very rapidly, and tho plan of tho G rae supportors will be to aond the delegation us! a structed unless they cun Keoure It for Grant bys largo majority, As slonder a inujority as given in Pennsylvania may cause moro unples+ ant commont.—Denver (Col.) Tribune. Twenty years ago thera wero two citlzent of Guleun, UL, cne of whom was a member Congress from tho district, and the other was no'er-do-well omploy6é of his fathor und meter in a tannery, Tho former was E. It. Wa! burne, and bo didn't know much about tho late tor, whogo nome waa U. 8. Grant, a veteran the Mexican War, who used to spend a ea deal of time talking ovor the campaign it corner grocery, and who didn’t always escape the entanglement of tho gutter on bis wid home, The War cumo. Tho country, neciy soldiers, Capt. Grant, wa an old regular uve mun, wis put over a compliny, Svon sie wanted a mun who could commund a regi and nat be * bosied " by bis subordinates, 3 rf thought Grunt could, wod ha borrowed §40 At him out us a fold ullticer, uot venturing tod his father or hls brothor, for tho old an Orville bad enarlly come to the conclusion es Ulyaa nover would umount te much, Bu uelghbor bad moro fuith in him, 1 ati raters and Col, Grant took his cominisslon e found (bls tong-watting opportunity of ree nosd, From that tinte Me, Washburne took 1m intorest In hie townsman, and ho hus ah tuking # good deul of stock jn hin to this fF when be doclines to stand fu tho way of Dy Grant“ boom" for w third term. A good mane Of Br, Washburuo's Eustern friends will reve) his modesty ou this occuston, and tt ls bie mound certain that ha this egenped tho UEty ulug-stroke of nomination. — Tis wide howover, will servo a Hust purpose In bee gongentrate the opposl ton fou rant pd a ib) on erman or 1 ude. S pris Republican,