Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 16, 1880, Page 4

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Foriial Per copy. 18 cents ‘ght and Twolve Yr ixteen Tage Paper '‘PRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. * PAR CHICAGO 'TATHUNE ha established branctt dficts for tho receipt of subscriptions and adverttec- nents as follows: NEW YORK—Itoon 2 Trifune Butlding. F. ‘1. Mc~ SANDRN, Managar, PARIS, France.—No. 16 Rue de Ia Grunge-Batelore. 1. MAULER, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—Anicrican Exchange, 449 Strand. 110, AI Benny F Kent. “WASHIN CHM F street, AMUSE: MeVicker’s ‘Thentre. Madison street, between Dearborn and State. Ens pagement of Mr. and Mrs, D. E, Bandmunn. Merchant of Venice" and “Don Casardo Barun.” Booles's Thentre: \Randolph street, between Clark and La Salic, En- rayemont of the CollierCombination. “'ho Dankor's Daughter.” Haverty's ‘Theatre. Dearborn street, corner of Monroy, Engagomont 9f Hor Majesty's Opera Company, “Aida” Howlin's Thentre. Clark street, between Washingtun and Kandolp. Kogngemont of Frank E. Aikon, “Under the Arch; or, The Love That Lives.” Olympte 'Thentre. Clark street, betwoon Randulph und Lake, pulertainment, Varioty py Penta LODG No, ®t A. EF. & A. M—toall, La Sallo-st.—State ‘ommunication this (Friday) svening were orgie Prompt foc business, Visitors mnyltad, : nd mombors cordially Uy N. TUCKER, Socratary. FRIDAY, JANUARY 16, 1880. * Gov. Sarr, of Wisconsin, concluded his message yesterday with the hope that the people of Maine will defeat the conspiracy against their rights, and niso that the tine Is near at hand when right and justice will pre- ‘yall in every State and the vindication of the princtple of Natlonal Supremacy bring with it lusting peace, prosperity, and liberty, Gannerra has decided to accept the Presi- dency of the French Chamber of Deputies, a matter concerning which there has been much comment and diseussion, growing out of tho fneg that a large number of Deputies remained cunspicuously absent from the Chamber on the occasion of his election, It was argued from this that he ought to resign and force o Inrger vote of confidence, but he seos to hnve concluded otherwise. s : ——— ‘Te tedious debate in the House over the tevision of the rules was agreeably satirized yesterday Inn hnmorous speech by Mr. Horr, of Michigan, who appeated in behalf ‘of the Committee on Manufactures, of which he is a member, and which has never had but-one bill ‘referred to it, Hoe paid his re- pects to several of the statesmen of the House fun manner which started the laugh on them and helped to enliven the otherwise “dull debate. ed Iria gravely announced from Washing- ton that the Post-Oflles Department has been Induced to reconsider tho regulation exclud- » ing queen bees from the mails. Heretofore these Interesting females have been relegated to the Hmbo of the “unmaflable,” but now the Government has kindly allowed thefr Indyships to make tours of the country ata yery ‘small expense for transportation, and ate thus brouglit within the. means of fomilles unable to Indulge In this luxury. CINCINNATI proposes to celebrate the opan- “ng of the Clncinnatl Southorn Rallroad by giving the largest banquet ever held in America, Tho Musle-Hall will be the place, and there will be 2,500 guests, mostly busl- ‘ness men from the Southern States. Boyond ‘adoubt the affair will be very elegant and ogrand, and much enjoyed by the Southern merchants, especially as it brings them with- » bio short s distance of Chicago, where thoy’ can buy tho biggest part of thelr goods, Frost various points in the South reports ‘tare recelved of a steady exodus of negroes, .At Potersburg, Va., yesterday morning 100 colored peoplo passed through on thelr way to Ihdiana; and in tho eastern part of Mls- + sisalpp! more than 1,000 have left for the -North-in tho last fow weeks. In this con- nection it Is gratifying to note that the work of soliciting and forwarding relief to tho ‘needy refugees in Kansas is going forward In Chicago, though there is room fur larger Ubderality than has yet been shown in this .Wrection,: . ‘Tum day in Maluo yesterday brought forth nothing especially new or exciting, Gen. Chamberlain holds tho fort with a calmness born of courage and 8 consciousness of doing the right thing nt the right time, and tho Rump pretender, Lamson, ts becoming more and mare convinced that the powors of the Rump Senste which elected hin Acting-Gay- ernor did not include the compulsion of re-_ spect from anybody, There is no prospect of trouble ahead, but instead every fudien- ‘tion that the forthcoming: declslon of the Su- preme Court will end the complication, Min, Bayanp, Clisirman of ‘tho Scnate Committee on Finance, was able to secure Duttwo signatures to the revort from that Committee yecommending the passuge of u fJotut resolution to take from the greenback {ts legal-tander quality. Mr. Kernan, of Now York, was the only member of the Com- qilttee willing to join with the author of the yesolution iu urging {ts paxssuge,—a fact which speaks volumes regarding the influ. ence exerted by the goli-shark organs of New York which have labored so zeal- ously’to show thut the -best way to Improve a currency was to ‘tuke wway o *-Jurge part of its yalue. ‘The majority re- port, which was yesterday presented tn the Benate, recommends that Mr, Bayard’s reso- bution be not passed, and, with the minority ~ Teport, has been placed on the calendar for debate hereafter, The “fate of the Bayard an eer eee YO er - THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE:, FRIDAY, JANUARY 16, 1880, resolution Is nasured with certainty; it will undoubtedly be defeated In the Senate. ‘The reason of this tertatnty was well expressed by Mr, Price, of Towa, Ina speech yesterday in the House, wherein ha condemned the at- tempt to degrade United States notes, and concluded by saying: “ Where a short tine ago silonco retgned supremo and distress and desolation seemed to hold sway, is now heard the busy hin of industry, Cheerful- ness and hope have taken the place of gloom and despondency, and from all avocations nnd industries tho ery comes up, ‘Let well enough alone," ? — In his Inaugural message yesterday to the Towa Legistature, Gov. Qear looked beyond State nes far enough to perceive the dan- ger to the citizen which Mes In the attacks that have been made tipon the sanctity of the ballot in States where voters have been by force and intimidation debarred from exer- elsing tho right of suffrage, and particularly in Maine, where a treasonable conspiracy has been formed tuchent the people of their rights ns declared through the ballot-box. Attention was also directed to the fret that in the high tariff on steel rails Iowa farmers are being taxed for the benefit of monopolles, and the worthy Governor, echoing the voice of the great Republican Btate that elected him, expresses the wish that Congress keep Its hands off the currency question for the present, andleaye the country free to enjoy its return of prosperity without any tinker- Ing with the standing or value of the people's money. Mn. CHARLES O'Conor las written, the obituary of the Democratic party. Inanswer to.an tnyitation to attend a Democratic jubl- lee in New Jersey, he sends his regrets, be- Meving that the party Is practically defunct. Ife does not belleve the Demoeraty can elect tho next President, He poluts out tit the thirty-live Electoral votes of the State of New York are essential to the election of the Democratic candidate, The Republicans have the Governor and Legislature of that State, and mny eliusnge the inode of appointlag Presidential Electors so as te secure them for that party, Hesays that the Democrats of Maine have by the “most reprehensible” nieans attempted to selze the vote of the State, and have furnished the Republicans of New York the colorable pretext fordoing the same thing, This condition of things he at- tributes to. the late Tammany Hall defection and tho defeat of the Democratic’ candi- date for Governor, Mr. O'Conor has reached the conclusion that the best thing that could happen the country would be the disruption of both the Democratic and Re- publican parties, Ie points ott various errors, which experience lns developed, in our form of government, and concludes with astatement of the changes which, in his judgment, ought to be made, We print elsewhere this part of his letter, and the reader will be surprised. perhaps te discover that, though Mr, O’Conor has been for nearly halfn century the most eminent legal de- fender of the theory of State-rights, he now proposes the unconditional abolition of the whole system and theory of separate State Governments. Considering his great legal ability, and his personal purity of character and freedom from all personal political am- bition, hig letter will be read with interest, MAINE AND LOUISIANA, The country will be glad to learn that one of the Maine Fusionists hus appealed to hs fellows to act hereafter as their consciences shall dictate. Conselenee has not hitherto played a very important part in tho Garce- lon-Pillsbury conspiracy, But Mr. Perry now demands that Mr. Stiles shall be seated for conscience sake.“ Why this delay from day to day?” inquires Perry. ‘Our con- stituents are asking, ‘Why this delay?’ ex- elaiins Perry. Mr. Perry wants to know why extra policemen are crowding tho gatler- les of the Muine State-House. “It iy one of tho games of Inthnidation of the Republican party,’ exclatns the conscientious Maine statesman, ‘Thon he rises to the sublime and appeals to his brother Fusionists, “ Vote as your consciences dictate, without Intimida- tion”! ‘Then Mr. Swan, a Fusiontst from Minot, comes to the front, demanding “im- miedinte netion.” “This ts 4 legal House, and no power on earth can overthrow it,’ ex- elnims Mr. Swan, “Right and justice must triumph over disorder and anarchy,” de- elares Mr. Swan; and he concludes, “Iam for senting Mr, Stiles at once’? But the Fustontsts didn’t seat Mr. Stiles “at once.” ‘They submitted to the Intimidation of Clian- berlain’s policemen and troops. ‘The shadow of the forthcoming opinion of the Supreme Court has begun to fall upon the Maine State-llouse, “If wo are right we can at ford to walt, and If wrong we have gone far enough,” said Mr. Ili, the Greenbacker, and the report of the Committee recommond- Jug the unseating of Dunnetl and the seat- ing of Stites was recommitted. ‘The Repub- eans of Maine are undoubtedly Intinidat- ing the Fuslonists. Gen. Chamberlain holds the usurpers by the throat while the Repub- Neans calinly submit the question whether they nro thieves or not to the supreme ju- dlelal authority. : ‘There ts a very striking differenco between the Republican inthnidation in Maine and Democratte Intimidation in Louisiana, ‘Che Kelluge-Spofford Investigation, now tn prog- ress at Washington, day before yesterday eliclted an Mlustration of Democratic Sutint- dation ag practiced In Louisiana, Marshall "Cwitchell, who was wounded in ten places und lost both arms in the Coushatta miassa- cre, but whoge tongue was not cut out by the assasing, was under cross-cxanination, when the following colloquy oveurreds “Who was uppointed ‘fax Collector of ied Itlver after it waa made a pariah?” asked the counsel, “My brothor, Homor J, ‘Twituhell, whe was murdered after boing disarmed," replied the witness, “ Who was next appointed?" “Mr, King, my brothor-in-luw, who waa mur dered tn 1870." Who noxt?”" “ By. Wooster, who mudo Court: hoard." “Your shooting? What do you mean by your shooting?" “When thoy attempted to kill mo, and, uufor- tunately, as they think, only sucecedod in tuk- in off both my urms and crippling mo Jn tho jeg.* * ‘Whon was that?” “Phat was in 1875. The House was Domo- orut{c, aud the Sonate was a tle, with a castiiy voto In tho hands of a Kepublicun Licutenant- Governor, and they wanted to muke a Demo- oratic majority." On retxumination, Kellogg's counsel was givon tha opportunity to inquire “who was the Mr, Abney” named In tho cruss-oxamina- tion, when ‘I'witchell repliod: “Hu was Chairman of the White-d.cngue organization, who forced all the parish officers, seven in number, to resign, and then, aftor they liad been disarmed and had recolyed safe conduct to Shreveport, had them niurdered Jn cok blood just outs|de tho parlsh Hits.” ‘The Fusionists evidently don’t know how to steal. The ordinary thief nover tries to steal according to law, He hopes to steal ut least without belng caught in the act, but Invaria- bly currles a pistol or a bowlo-knife, and ts prepared to shootor stab to death tho man who socks to bludor him from escaping with the plunder. When the Loulslana Demo- crats attempt to steal a City or State Govern- ment they expect to sed Innucent blood, and they shed it without merey and without re- the nolse on tho jouso, 80 that ny shooting should not be Into. by and between different com- panies are omade oo uilawful, and uy ofilcer, Director, stockholder, or morse, But when the Fustonists attempted to sten! the Government of Maino they put thelr pistols, bowlo-knives, and cannon inte the hands of Gen, Chamberlain. They sought to steal: according to law. Gen, Chambor lain las simply taken them at thelr word. Ife says: “If thera !s any shooting to bo done L with do it.: Maine has no Governor and no Legislature. Only one branch of the Gove ernment remalns,—the dudielal, I am here to keep'the peace; {am the only man In Maine who can fire a shot without breaking: the peace. * I refer the questions in dispute to the Supreme Court. When that tribunal speaks 1 stinll obey, and everybody else must obey.” The esson of the Democratic con- apiracy in the Pine-Tree State is simply this: Don’t attempt to steal according to Inw; It is folly, because the law prohibits stealing. The thief who proposes to steal n State Qov- ernment in a civilized community must not only be prepared to shoot, but to shoot all the honest men in the State, for ona man may appeal to tho Inw, and, {f the court of last resort Is incorruptible, It wll interpret, If it cannot onforce, the Inw, so that the thieves shall wear the brand of their iniquity forever. ——— REGULATING RAILROADS IN NEW YORK. That the popular demand for the subordl- nation of ratlroad management to State supervision is no longer conined tothe West is attested by the scheme for the regulation of tho New York rallronds which has been prepared by a special caminittee of the Leg- islature appointed in 1878 to consider the subject, and which will be reported to the Legistature of that State withi a few weeks, The Committes having this matter in charge have held meetings in different parts of the State, tuken testimony, from the ratlroad managers, Hstened to the complaints of com- merefal assoclations and individuals, and pre- pared a law whieh Ineludes the Massachiu- setts feature of giving publicity to railroad accounts and tho ltnots feature of a direct Interference to correct abuses, The proposed New York luv provides for the appointment of a Railroad Commission of three members, at a salary of $7,500 each, and-with an allowance forsecretarics, clerks, expert bookkeepers, and expenses not to ex- ceed $60,000 a ‘year Inthe aggregate. The Comunlssioners are to hold ofice six yenrs, one going ont every two years, and one to be appointed by the Governor, with the approval of tho Senate. This Board is given the general supervision of all rallronds in the State, and fs empowered to subpmnn witnesses, compel attendance and tho production of accounts, listen to complaints, take cognizance of every viotution of the Constitution and the Inws, and report cases to the Attorney-General for prosecution in the courts when a satisfactory settlement of disputes eannot be secured in ony other way. The duties of the Board are thus made both advisory and directory. It is also within the jurisdictlon of the Board to require such repairs, additions, or changes in the rondways, rolling-stock, and dépdt and terminal facilities of each railroad as may be demanded by reasohinble security and reconnnodation far the public, ‘The Com- missloners are required to formulate and re- port to the Legislature a law providing a uni- formsyatem for keeping railroad accounts, and thereafter to compel compliance with the law adopted. They are required to proceed in all eases of complaint and application innde by the Mayor of any city or the Board of Super- yisors of any town, or upon a petition of twenty or more taxpayers and legal yoters, 18 in the other cuses of thelr own finding. ‘Tho investigation of rallroad accl- dents is also intrusted to thom. ‘They may require from the railroad corporations full information In regard to all contracts and ngreements with express companies, car companies, fast-freight lines, and other rafl- roads, Itismade the duty of the Board to report annually thelr doings and proceed- Ings, to make suggestions in regard to the railroad policy of the State, and to draft such bills for the better protection of public in- terests ns their investigations and experience prompt, Provision §s made for printing extra copies of thelr reports for proper elr- culation, and it Is made 9 misdemennor for any one having an official connection with thls Board to accept any pass, gift, or other gratulty from any railroad corporation, ‘The specific provisions of tho proposed law for the better protection of the public from rallway abuses are as follows: (1) Each cor- poration 13 required to designate one person in everycounty in the State on whom process iny be served as upon the President of the company, ' (2) Tho maximum charges are fixed at three cents per inile for every pas- senger and five cents per ton per mile for freight, and a fine, together with damages In five tines the amount of the {injury sustained, is affixed as a penalty for violating this pro- vision, (3) All preference, favoritism, re- bates, drawbacks, and other kinds of dis- erhnination are forbidden, either as between individuals or connecting railroads, and this prohibition fy applied to both charges and fa- cilities. For violation of this section the guilty ofilcers or agents may be fined $1,000 and imprisoned for thirty days, and the dam- aged party may also recover three tlmes the amount of the actual dainages. (4) All com- Uinations for a division and upportionment of earnings, for pooling recelpts, ayd for par- celing out the freight curried entered agent entering Into any such agreement or consenting thereto shall be subject to a fine of $9,000 and imprisonment not exceeding fourteen days. (5) It ts provided that tracks erosslng rallroads must hereafter be butlt to go under or over the streot, and that a gute ands flagman shall bo kept at all crossings upon a level, under penalty of $50 fine for every neglect In this regard, ‘Thore are several sections In the proposed Jaw which relate to the Internal managemont of the railroad corporations, and are designed to protect stockholders and the public against yery common abuses. (1) The mini amount of capital stock to be Isaued by every eoinpany 1s $15,000 a mile, of whieh $2,000 per mile must be subscribed before articles of assoclation can be filed. (3) Stock may be voted on tho cumulative plan; bondholders are entitlod to a vote for every $500 of bonds they hold; and yacanectes in’ the Directory which occur during tho year must bo filled from among the defeated candidates who ubtained the bighest number of voles at the rogular election, ‘These provisions are de- aligned to secure proper representation for the minority among the stockholders and for thecreditors, (3) Noraflroud corporation can Increase its enpital stock without the ex- press authorization of the Ratlroad Commls- sioners, (4) No dividends can be mude ex- cept out of surplus enrnings. (5) Any unauthorized increase of capital stock, stock dividend, or other violation of tho foregoing provistons carries with it a Nability to o fine of 85,000 In cach ease, (6) Every railroad must mpko an annual report, giving full details ina uniforin system preseribud by the Board of Rallroad Cominisstoners. (7) Schedules of rates must bo posted in consplouous places for the lu- formation of passengers and shippers, and no changes can be made In such schedules ox- cept aftur posting the same for thirty days, (8) ‘The'gharge of 60 cents per hundred iniles is fixed as the price of 4 berth or seat ino sleeplug or drawing-room car, with an allow- ance of threo mills for each addittoual mile, but not exceeding $1 for any distance In the State. It will be inferred from the ubstract we have given of the proposed bill that the scheme for the regulation of the ratironds in New York State ts very comprehensive, 1¢ may be modified in some particulars when It comes to tho Legislature, but, ag 1b 1s the re- sult of mature consideration and careful In- vestigation in ebedienes toa popular demand that has been expressed Ina variety of ways during the Inst fow years, tt fs altogethor probable that the bill wil! be adopted hn es- sential parts this winter, aud that New York will join hands with the Western States in tho effort to correct the flagrant abuses of railroad management until Congress shall provide « aystem of National protection, ———_ NEARING THE END IN MAINE, There are plentitul signs of disintegration in the Democratle conspiracy to seize tho State of Maine, and the prospect fs now fair fora Justand peaceful solution of the troubles which Gareclon brought about. The action taken by tho Rump Legistature In unseating Republican membera who were elected to mako room for Democrats who wero not elected has no alguificance whatever, from tho fact that the. Rump has at no time had a lawful quorum, and can take no action which has the force of law. It isn matter of much greater significance that tho extremists, like Pillsbury, are growing desperate and advis- ing proceedings that will hurry the conspira- torsto thelr own destruction, and that the more conservative men mnong the Green- backers, like Solon Chase, have determined to gano further, but await the decision of the Supreme Court, which, by « wise provis- lon of the Maine Constitution, fs vested with the special duty, a3 well ay the power, to in- terfere authoritatively In dissensions that in- volve the construction of the laws. ‘The questions submitted to the Suprene Court by the Republicans seem to cover tho entire ground in dispute, and include not merely the principles involved In the first opinion rendered by that Court In answer to the questions submitted by Garcelon, but also tho legulity of the acta already done by the bogus and incomplete Logisinture., It can senrecly be doubted that the Court will deny tn toto the yalldity of the Rump Legis- lature and everything which it las done. Having dented In the first place the right of the Governor and the Council to withhold certificates from men who wore elected on the warrant of triylal technicalities which could be Inwfully corrected, and having virtually instructed the Governor and the Council to issue certificates to the members elected from the towns which they had dis- franchised (which wasnotdone),theSuproma Court could ‘only sustain the Rump Legis- lature and its acts on the ground that suc- cessful usurpation must be subsequently ap- proved, Such a position would not merely be un contradiction of the Court’s first opinion, but it would be a judicial encouragement to usurpation and a moro deadly thrust at popular government than tho Democratic conspirators have given ft. Nor will the Court fail to point out the propor and lawful way to vindicate the popular right, to organize tho Legislature ns elected by the people, and to establish the State Govern- ment upon a sound and enduring basis. Gen, Chamberlain is master of the situa- tion, pending a final and lawful solution of the existing troubles, “In his reply to Lam- son, he Indicated the course he will take. Ife Is awalting the decision of the Supremo Court; lie will be governed by tt; he has the nerve and the force to compel obedience to ft, To-norrew should bring forth the solu- tion. If the opinion of tho Court shall be adverse to the Democratic conspirators, ag scenis to be Inevitable, tho Fustonists will have nothing to do but submit. Every man who advises or participates In forcible resist- ance will be guilty of treason that mny cost him dearly before he is done with it, There can be no question as to the issue of any, trial by force, Witha minority in the State and tho weakness thut attaches to a sense of wrong, the Fuslonists will scarcely dare, even under the most desperate advisers, to make a violent attack upon constituted au- thority. I¢ there shall be any such outbreak, however, it will be short-lived, and it will only serve to add to the disgrace and misfort- une of the Democratic party throughout the country, Which has encouraged the Matne fac- tlon in its Infamous attempt to destroy clect- oral government es THE IRON BOOM IN ENGLAND. A dispatch from Pittsburg, published in Tun Trimuxe yesterday, stated that the Weatern Nail Association had ratsed the eard price of nails to $5, and that manu- facturers expected that the price would reach $0 by the 1st of February. This is tho price atthe mills, In May and June last the price of nails in Pittsburg was $1.75 per keg. ‘The inercase up te the present time Is at the rate of 185 per cent, with a promise of a further advance of 60 per cent within the month. ‘This Is port of tho great iron boom, which is boing pushed so rapldly and extravagantly that # reverse may be expected, which, if it be general, will be extremely calamitous, ‘The London Times, glylng a review of the fron and steel trade in that country, fur- nishes material having a direct bearing on this question as to the future supply and prices of fron and stecl, The increased de- wand for all kinds of Iron was in full opera- tlon in this country before tt reached En- Bland; in fact, the increased demand for tron and steel there was to mect the overilow of orders from this country, Tho capacity of our production was exhausted, and the prices had so advanced fn this country as to render it as cheap to import as to buy domestic fron and stecl, before tho wave of our prosperity reached England, Tho condition of the iron aud steel Indugtry In that country up toa late period in 1879 was that of general pros tration, The demand for Increased sup- piles was sudden, and this de mand, It 43 stuted, “found manufact- urers in some eases but ill prepared to moet it’? In the Cleveland district the make of piglron In the first half of 1870 was 20 per cont Jess than {n the sane the in 1873, and of the 165 furnaces In the district only 84 were blowing on the ist of July, Karly in 1870 thera wore G10 furnaces in En- gland, of which 844 were In blast; 156 fur- nawes In Wales, and 60 Jn biast; 153 furnaces: in Scotland, and O4 in blast. Nearly one-half the furnaces were dle. In the districts where Bessemer iron Is chiefly made the pro- portion of furnaces idlo was even greater, ‘That was the condition of fron production in England when the overflow of demand {nthe United States reached there Ju July, and which demand has continued. ever since, Under thls demand prices have advanced, ‘Thus, hematite tron, phileily In demand on account of stedl-moaking, has advanced from 811 per tonto $21.50; Cleveland pig iron from $8.40 to $11.50 per ton; tron slilp-plates from $27.50 to $4.50 per ton; steel ralls from $25 to $40 per ton; and other deseriptions of tro: In proportton, : The American boom, of course, put the unemployed furnaces ut work, and revived the general industry, Durlug August, September, and October of 1870 the British exports of fron were 226,829 tons of all kinds, agulnst 87,688 tong In the samo months of 1878, and 87,707 tons ini 1877, As late as Qo-, tober only 830 out of 8,153 puddling-furnaces iu the Cleveland district were at work, but a preparing to resume operations, The exports of steel rails from Creat Britain fn 1870 will to 100,000 tons greater than in 1878; and the “output” of Bessemer stecl in Engtand In 1879 will not be less than. one million of tons, and the business fs now in active progress, ‘This statement of tho revival of the Britlsh iron and steel produc. tion shows what was done during tho four months ending Nov. 1, 1870. At this timo tho number of works wag largely increased, and the greatest preparations have been made for an unprecedented production in 1880. Tho fact that 2 duty of $7 per ton on pig Iron and $98 per ton on steel rails has not interfered with the export to America shows how enormous are the profits of the American and English manufacturers, and how thoso profits will stimulate pro- ductlon In 1880, Every furnace and mill in the United States and In England will be in operation {n 1880, and the enormous produe- tion will test the ability of the two countrics to meet the wants of consumers, If the de- mand continue to equal the production, then prices will bo maintained, If, however, tho production shall exceed the consumption, then production must be reduced or prices must fall, With the full force of Great Brit- ain engaged in manufacturing fron and steel for the United States, the short supply can- not enduro very long. Great ns is tho revival of business, it cannot sustain a continued production of fron such as Is now going on on both sides of the Atlantic, at the enor- mous prices now provailing. When these prices fall, as It is reusonable to expect they will, our manufacturers of fron and stect will discover probably that they have made the boom too violent; that by thelr enormous prices they have built up the iron production abroad; and that after n comparatively brief holiday: there wil! como a season of falling prices, reduction of wages, strikes, lock- outs, and a falling back to a more healthy and less extravagant trade, governed by a more reasonable and more permanent scala of prices. THE GROWTH OF NIHILISM, Since the recent attempt upon the life of the Czar, the Russian people have been mora seriously exercised than ever before upon tho subject of Nihillsm, and, following the general result of persecution, the Nihilists have been spurred into stitl greater netivity by the severe meagures which have been in- stituted against them. It is very generally conceded by those who are acqualnted with the condition of Russian society that the Nihilists aro in reallty few In number, that the great mnss of the people have no connce- tion with them, and that their membership fs largely confined to students, especially in St. Petersburg. The number of tho Nihilists, however, does not seem to affect the Influence of thelr operations, nor does it tend to uwaken much respect for the strength of the Govern- inent which cannot suppress the ngitations of students, especially when It wiclls abso- Jutely despotic powers. ‘The secret manner in which the membership works impresses the lower classes of the people with super- stitious dread and also with fear, for In almost every Instance more innocent people suffer than Nihilists, while the very fact of this dread and superstition on the one side and the blind ferocity of the Gevermnent on the other plunges society Into a chaotic con- dition, Added ta this, the uncertainties of Justice, the rottenness of finance, the commer- celal distrust, the robberies by officlals, the intrigues and cabals in the Government, tho disagrecinents in the Royal family, the hor- rible ravages of the epidemic of diphtheria, which fs sweeping off thousands of children, and the fear of a war with Germany and Austria, have piled up trouble on trouble, aud Invest the future with an uncertainty that welghs upon the people like an Incubdns, ‘The absolute secrecy with which this so- eloty works is a despair to the Government, Acorrespondent of the New York Herald writes that the Czar had hardly arrived in Moscow after the attempt upon his Hfe be- fore the Executive Committes notitled him that the attempt would bo renewed, The walls were covered with proclamations to that effect, and when these were torn down by the police fresh coptes appeared in thelr placts, A plot was shortly discovered to blow up the Winter Palace, and in 9 house near by was found a large store of dynamite and nitro-glycerine, and » detatled plan of tho palace. None of the conspirators, low- ever, could be found, nor has any one con: neeted with the railroad explosion been dis- covered, The‘following Incident will show with what boldness the Nihilists work: Shortly after Ils arrivat In Moscow, tho Czar went to the theatre, and, as he In- tended remaining but ashort time, a footiman held his overcoat. When the Czar put iton ho was surprised to find In the pockets 9 batch of papers fromthe Executive Commit- teo demanding reforms, though the servant was not aware that any person had been near hin. A writer in the Pall Malt Gazetto who has lived in Russia for many years throws somo new ight upon Nihllism. As the result of hisobservation ho finds that whiletho Nihilists proper are few in number, there iso passive Nihilism or tendency toward Nihilism in the minds of most of the Russian people, and that it grows out of the utter absence of re- Nglous, moral, or any other fixed principle, which Ss characteristic of a people slowly emerging from a condition of barbarism and superstition. ‘They find evil throughout thelr entire system, and thoy attribute it to the Czar himself. They haye lost thelr falth Inman and thelr faith in tho sanctity of the Chureh, and from this point it is an ensy step toward logs of falth In the Czar. ‘This writer says very forcibly: 3 : “No fixed prinolples have guided tho policy of tho Government, unless the constant greed for territorial agrandizement can be dignided by such a name. Rusaia one day arranged te divide the world with Napotcon J., and the next appeared as tho champion of tho libertics of Europe aguinst tho uggressions of the grout conqueror, ‘To-day she porsceutes her own sub- jovta for thoir religious opiulons and adopts a reactionary home policy; to-morrow sho presenta horvelf us the protector of oppressed Christiana and the founder of n constitution In Bulgaria, Tho chicf pretext for ner wuste of blood and treasure in Central Asta is tho desiro to extend her commerce; yet in no country {s the dovulopment of trade more hampered by Stato rogulationa anil restrio- tons, The same want of fixed principle is ovidenoed by the conduct of individuals; and ho who cried out loudest to-day ugalnat corruption 44 to-morrow a giver or taker of bribes, Through- out tho altuation fa the samo; and when no principles, religious, moral, or political, oxiat to wulde the actions of society tho roault is Nibil- fam; a Nibllism which, under tho tufluonco of fanutioa, tukes among a auperftotully educated youth the violent form of political murder and revolution, and among the botter and inore {n- tolligont class of tho public showa Itself In an apathy and & skepticiain which, ff they do not dircotly oncourage the rovolutionarica, certainty: form the inain ditioulty in deatlug with tho Nibillstcommittsoé" + Jt isevident that thore fs but one remedy for this unsettled condition of the Russian people, and that Is to grant the peoplu a yolca. in the management of their own aifalrs, and sume rellof from the crushing welght of por- ‘sonal government. In all thelr appeals the: Nihilists hayo made aconatitutional form of government the basts af the reforms they de- mand, and there Is no doubt that, if 1¢ were granted, the mission of Nihilisin would cease, Whether such a form of government would succeud in Russia ts at least problem- atical, but, untll the experiment is tried, large number was, on the ist of November, there ts every reason lo bellove that Nlhilamn will persfat, In its violent course, and will tne crease mnong the people. Tue Cinclnnat! Gazette has undertaken to arrive at the trno sontiment of tha Republicans of Ohlo in favor of a Prestdential candktate by instructing ita correspondents at pach county. soat tosound fifty prominent men of the party and give tho result free from bios or fayorittam, It printed tho result in six countieaon Tucaday as follows: costtocrox county. BGAN ss sess veveerene D ORAL . sce esecsee oO ACIOTO COUNTY. 20;Grant or Sherman... 2 Binine or Sherman,,.. 1 TOtaleeee orseeeeee Bl MIAMI COUNTY, Shorman.. Dloing ...... Ashaltar of fifty meohantes and Ia- boring men exclusively resulted 24 follows: 1 Dennison, CLERMONT COUNTY, INO ChOlCU, s.sseeeseeeee O TOU soe sess seen os60 FAILVIELD COUNTY. Grant. ...ereeveee veer G Total.ses seoveveseebt WONLAND COUNTY. PANTTAYOR cee eseeseeseraeee L Sherman or Haine.... 1 Shorman,..... Blune.... prop it includes overy county In tho State, It will be secon thut, while Sherman fs tho favorit, Blaine largely louds Gran Tim telephone has been utilized by the Dartmouth College Church at Hunover, N. Hy tho wires oxtunding from tho pulpit to the houses of the aged, slek, and infirm parishion- ers, “The trial last Sunday," the account says, “was a perfect success. Every word spoken and the slnging of tho hymns wore distinctly in- telligible to interested auditors nt over a dozen houses In town. Tho pnstor, the Rev. Dr, Leeds, preached a very scholarly and instructive ser- mon, which could be distinetly heard at Nore wich depot and villnge, two miles or more away, und neross the Connecticut River,” But does tho Rey. Dr, Leeds know what he fs about? Ia not tho uso of this now Invention nuother device of the Evil Ona to furnish Inzy people with an excuse to stay Away from church services? And yet it may have its beneficent uses, For exum- ple, if a person docs not got up in time to drese for church on Sunduy morning, or if tho mitll- nerdovs not send home the new bonnet, or if the now dress wits not finished, the fuimily could still enjoy all the privileges of the suuctuary by theuse of tho telephone. Mn. Tinpen 1s reported to have sald re- cently tiflt— It ts tho duty of every sincere lover of re- publlenn institutions to do his utmost to pres vent the re-vlection of Grant. For my part, L will do everything I cau to secure the election of the man who muy be agreed upon by the oP. ponents of tho third-term eonspirucy ns the est candidate to unite the conservative cle ments of all partica, [fu third term can be conferred upon Grant, 8 fourth and fifth willbe. In short, Grant's tnstullmont in the White Houzge jn 1881 menns the Empire. Mr. Tilden ought to have been a little more explicit in his statement. If ho really believes the third term {8 parnmount to every other partisan question, he ought to be willing to sup- port Mr. Buine or Mr, Washburne rathor than, stick to the Demucratte candidate when nothing but defont stares him inthe face. Mr. Tilden doesn't fear the Finpire half as much aa he fenrs hia own defent, either by his own or the Republican party THe Philadelphia Pregs of tho 18th pre- genta 0 summary of Penngylvanla opinions on tho Presfdentlal question, reaching tlmoust all the countics of tho State. “It mukes clear,” sny's the Press, “that, among the Influential lead ers of Ropublicun thought, the expression ugaulnst the third-term movement 1s conspieu- ously general; and that, of other candidates, Senutor Blnino Hes nearest tho popular heart, Tho National banks, which have been generally cinvassed, are much divided, showing that no one of tho candidates numed can be considered speclully tholrs. Hspectally is. this so io this city, where politics do not so much ongross men of business as is tho caso in tho country. Buta strong movement In tavor of Shorman {8 not found, a8 auticipated by many. Among tho Demoernts, Bayard and Seymour feud tho list, tho foriner having probably the tirst place, Hut both sides seem to feel thit tho nominations wilt be whom tho politicians chouge." —— Wotan suffrage has found Its ablest and most persistent advocates in the State of Massn- ebusetis, whore eminent mon and women in al- Most every profession in life have given it tho ald of thelr yolco and intluence, In his innu- gural address Gov, Lony defines bls position upon tho subject in the following extract:, olloving that suifrago Is a right, L chouta follow my predecessor In recommending that 0 constitutional amendinent giving }t to women bosubmitted to tho people for tlunl deolsion by thom, were it not thut last your nn act was prased empowering women to vote for mombers of school committees, thereby furnishing a price teal though partinl trial of tho whole question, If tho reault shall tend to disproye many of the objections that_brtve been raised on tho score of expediency, 14 1 belicve {t will, 1 onnnot pele thinking that the cause of wonun sulfrage will bo better subserved at present by the test of thus attaching It toa apceliic see than Bia reiteration hero of tho usual and familinr dls. cussion of tho genoral question, to be followed by the usual result, ed Tuy Logislature of Wisconsin begins its scsaion for the year 1880 under favoruble auspices. Mr, Arnold, tho nowly-clected Speak- er of tho Assembly, was formerly a momber of tho Stute Senute, and is an able mun and an ox- poricnved legislator, and will make a creditable presiding olliver, Mr. Jobn ©, Eldred, the Chief Clork, has filled tho sume position before, and mukos # good ofticer. D. HM, Pulelfer, tho Borgeunt-at-Arina of tho Houso, was furmerly a moumber of thut body, and hus served onv term us Assistunt Sergeunt-at-Arms, In tho Senuto, the choice of President pro tem. fell upon Thomns Scott, one of tho oldest and most exporienced members of that body, und the du- tles of Chlof Clerk will bo performed, as thoy woge lust year, by Charles Bross, All tho officors ure Republicans, ——————} Grn. GARFIELD Is sald to have re'lgiously followed the example of old Ben Wade in not soliciting support from any quarter for the United States Senate, but allowed the people to ' do as thoy thought best, Neferring to his recent nomlnation, Mr, Gartield sn; 1 absolutely stood aloof; andin my twenty yours of publle life £ have never solluited tho nomination for any of tho ollives which 1 huye held, ‘Thly was too important u one to bo serum bled after by porsonal attention, and L up revit tall the more now that it hug come fn this una imous and spontancous way, Mir. Wade was olceted three times to tho United States Sonate from Ohio, and noyer once vialted tho Leglstaturo while bo was a candidate before it, The exumplo of Wado and Gartleld is worthy of imitation, Tue Bourbon press generally fs calling upon Congress to ydjourn us spocdily ag posal Ule, and it ja sald Spoaker Randall will rush busi- nuss to the oxtent of his ability and opportunity in tho samo direction, Conservative Democrats remomber how much the country was alarmed by the revolutionary and roactionary mothods of tho extra segalon of Congress, and how much capital tho Republicans mado out of the blun- dera of the Democmoy, and thoy don't want to soo that sortof thing ropeuted on tho eve of a Presidentlal election. The Domo-Confodcrate Congress {gin pretty much the samo predica- mont us the follow who had tho bear by tho tall, Jt was fatal to him whotber bo hold on or let go. Tr {a sald that Mr, Edison’s agents have discovercd platinum in paytag quantitics at Thompson's Flat, on Foathor iver, In Butte County, California, Heretofore tho great plati- num mines in Rusela have been coutrolled by two largo firms, one in England and the other in France, These firms have been socustomed to regulate tho price of the material to suit them- solves, and have always taken care that tho de- mand should excced the supply, in ordor that the price might be kept up. The amount of platioum used In Mr, Edison's first Ught cost. ubout $0 conte foreach lamp, In the carbon Ught now in use the two fine ploces of wire that support tho horseshoo tinve togethor boon Ont innted to be worth only eeven venta, When yp Edison begins to manufacture hfs lamps tn larg? quantitics itis expeuted that tho Increased da, mand for platinum with tond to tnercasey price. Should thls prove to be tho ease, Mr, py faon Intends to mine hia own platiyim at Thom, son's Flat, Instead of mtbinitting to the donanh of the foreign plitinun monopolifte, Mec Bit ron {8 of tho opinion that, in dlxcovering th, motal In paying quantities tn this country, ke hus virtually discovered tho value. of thoont remaining unknown quantity necessary to A absolute solution of tho olcctrie-tibtt problem Tre Philadelphia Times—like|the Spring flold (Mass,) Repudbtican—ts so anxlous to male tain its position on the top of tha Independens, fonce thut {t nds tho upper rafl doesa ood d of wobbling, so that it Is with great ditttoutts 4 keeps Itasent. Tho Press bas too’ much Bese tot to see and acknowledge that tha Maine business fs utterly dlegraceful and disgustiy, but It saya “that, Maino has gravitated Ing anarehy Is simply tho logleal result of Demo erntio frauds and Republican corruption ang lnwlesness.” Belng an independent paper, thy ‘Timea must not blumo Garcelon and his con, dinate rascals without furnishing thom with a excuse. é Anumuer ot the local Republican pape in Pennsylvania are out for Blaine as a fq ohoics, Tho Media american saya Grant wiy not necept the nomination unless tt ts quit. unnnimous, and that “all bis friends will ny urally go to the mun who can best unite suppiy in Republican States," and this porson, thy Anerican thinks, Is Mr. Blalne, ‘Tho Cettysby Star doesn't propose to train with tho Camemy if it knows itself, aud yous over tho Senaty rough-shod, It looks as if thore was to be coy slderablo music in Pennsylyanin winony boy, parties before tho leaves fall next uutumn, | Tur Cairo Bulletin (Dem,) has dscoverey whatno one clse hus—namely: that the Republis ans aro afratd President Muyoa willofferthe Ey glish mmission to David Davis. Although it muy be adinitted that David Davis Is a great man ay would tll tho English mission full and runny oyor, it is nevertholess true that tho Preside will try and find a good Republican to go to ty Court of St. James and leave Mr. Davis to ny for President on the Democratle ticket {f the want him, The Republicans are opposed to do ing anything to withdraw Mr. Davis from iy Ust of Democratic cundidates. Tun Now Y Republikaner, the ma widely-cireulated Germun Republican nex paper in the Enst, takes «look ahead, and nm marke: “With the new apportionment und tho census of 1880, tho posstbillty of ony seelng tho ‘United States’ ruled by the rn nants of an ollgurehy that stl represents, ‘Bolla South,’ alded and abetted by n few Tax many wards In tho eltica of New York ~* Brooklyn, and tho Copperhead Butternut Stay of Indlann, New Jersey, and Connceticut, 5 huve disappeared forov Turner are three disconsolate and unhapy Democratic statesmen belonging to Oblo at tt present tlne,—Senator Thurman, who will re lyn hia seat noxt yenr In the United States See ate upon compitisiun to Gen. Garfield; Gea Tom Ewing, who Ineked about 17,000 votes belng chosen Governor of Ohio; and “ Unc Dick” Bishop, tho ex-Governor, whdso sands f pollucal Ufe have avout run out. - Tho preset looks sud to all three of them, and the futures gloomy,—no sun, no moon, . Tim Quincy Whly takes tho floor tong enough to nominate a candidate for Governord Mlnols, and this is {ts polnted little speach: Mr. Elihu B. Washburn fs tho }hig's cand. dante for the oftice of Governor of tho Stated Minols, And wo. make the statement, witha! feur of contradiction, that Mr. Washburne woul get 10,000inore votes than any other man thst gould be nominated, And he would get an um conunonly great vote for the simple renson thi he would be universally. reeoynized as wncom monly {lt for the ollico of Governor. No weptator has yet been found to stand belween tho rival factions of the Democratk party In Now York, snd tho Kelly-Tilden Sgt gocs on with unabated vigor, There 1s a call out for a meeting in Albany of tho chief enptainsof * the party on the 2ist inst, and the Albany Jour nal says, that the inceting. foreghadows trouble}. for Slippery Sam, for many Infifentin Deaov- ernts are heartily In sympathy with the purpor” Indicated. —_ Ir has taken nearly two months’ hard wort totry tho Nev. Mr. Hayden for the murderd Mary Stannard. The lawyers cannot be exper ed to conclude thelr arguments short of thiny days more, and the jury ought todispute and be lot for nt leust thirty more. If, at tho ond of tht time, tho jury disagreo,—und It will be a wonde {f they don't,—a new triatewill be ordered'st tho mystery of the murder will still remain or solved. Tim Rock Island Union Is out ino strom article for John B. Hawley for Governor, at sAyss The admirable reputation’ which the Tre ury Department has aghteved during tho pret Adtoinistration is due Jargoly to Saowatary Sher, man’s *right bund.’ Ils clear mind, bold declsive netion, and remarkable executive abt ty huve been conspicuous from the first. ———— Evaexn Wane naturally is just now most cordlally-hated man in Muine, for th rengon that ho ia making it red-hot for th Fuslonists. All over tho country the Dem cratic press that {a In sympathy with i Rumpltes Is saying menn things of Mr. Tia, all of which honest mon will set down tot credit, Tr chofce of a candidate for VicePr:' dent in tho National Greenback Labor party! sald tobe about which and t'other" betee Soton Chaso, of Maino, " Brick’? Pomeroy, ¢ Wisconsin, and Dennis Kenrnoy, of Calltortls with the ehances in favor of Chago, Kearney$ not eligible, having been born in Troland. Vensont will help to start somebody) boom enrly,—the Republicans holding thelr © vention curlior thin usunl, tho 25th of Februs!, es PERSONALS, A Boston paper says that Bancroft takes! horsebuck rido overy day, Soveral mon ia cago take a pony before bronkfast. The dreadful suspicion has just begun infuse Itself Junto the minds of tho Canucks tit after ull, Lorne is nothing buta high- carpot-bagger. Southern papers report that the cotton ci shows an incroaso over lust year of fram? to 900,000 bules. Thore is now ne excuse 1 scrawny women, Mr. Algernon Sartoris, chiefly known fume us tho gon-in-luw of Gon. Grunt, 1s In Net York, haying recently arrived from Euro Mia wife and children did not accompany bin. Prof, Proctor guesses that the earl # 1,000,000 years old at loast.—Exchanye. Why > ask Bfiss Anthony, and have tho question sel! for good? Gucasing isu poor scheme when cun get at the favta In a caso. © A Galveston paper having announced. birth of twing to a Mrs. Archor, of that eth another journst thinks her husband must be party reforrod to Inthe quotation: |‘ Insatlstt Archer, would not oue suffice?" Thoy talk of forming this winter In Wat ington a congress of Indies, of which all al wives of Sonatora, members of the House, othor dignitarica will Ge members. They ‘d diseusa grave and disputed questions otiquet, dross, cooking, brle-u-bric, aud fectionery, Ina paper Intely at the State Fatr on “Industeiea of Tudiuns," it was stuted thst por cent of all tho butter, cheese, and suse BY ducdd In Indiana ts the work of womed. ™ sune thing might have truthfully beer sald divorces, whioh are also an extenslye 1D} industry, but it wasn’t, y Mr, Tennyson has recently been turnlss his attention to pocuss of a vooiul and doin! nature, his latest uffort being @ modernist! of the over-popular molodies of Mothor Goo ‘The funlar ove relative to the mguse tha vi plored the viucks, causing that useful article houschold furniture to strike one, be bas ovated ie So styles, aa talons cory, dickury, Hiqaurs to sot forward ‘the clock, oc aes Comus het futhor, forgolting to knock, -Hugaity, huggity, hog," * In ach Heenan the rug. Adjourned 1s tbe seasion so sous. . fi