Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 9, 1879, Page 12

LO! THE POOR INDIAN. A Visit to the: Omahas on Their Reservation. Their. Manners and Customses- Courtship and Marriage. Wonderfol Progress in Ednoation ond Onltivation of the Soil, Boiled Dog Their Favorite Ar= ticle of Diet. A Talk with tho Indinn Agent and Bchool-Tenchora. The Removal of the Poncas to the Indian Territory. Sveelal Correspondence of The Tribune. Decatur, Burt Co, Neb., April 3.—Leaving Omaha Tucsday morning nt 8 o'clock onthe Oma- hha & Northern Nebraska Rallroad, one intrusts Iiinself to the care of the genial conduetor, Her- inan,o brother-in-law of ex-Goy. Thomus A. Hfen- drleks, of Indiana. A bitterer Democrat cannot ‘De found, and It fs his especial delight to collect. un apprectative audiences in bis baggage-car and arrafgn the Republican party for ite deeds both vf commission and omission, ‘We pass ravidly (1) + through the towns of Florence, Fort Calhoun «the residence of ex-Congressman Crounse), and Blalr, at which place a junction is tnady with the Sfoux City & Pactile Ratlrond, which crosses the Misrourl River here and runs theucs to Fre mont. After Blair is Tekamah, which we reach xbout 11:30 n, m., the present terminus of the tailroad, a place of about, 700 population,—the ounty-seat. of Burt County,—surrounded by fae farming country which fs well settled; corn {a Jargely raised nud fed to stock, which finds its fay to the Chicazo market. After my perilous journoy of fifty miles, I roncluded tatny over and rest one day; sol put up nt the Astor House, 2 caravansary kept by a gontleman of the name of Astor, and, if he wnotasrich os John Jucov, he deserves to be, {or he certafnly knows how to keep a hotol, THE STAGE, At noon of the nzxt day I seated myself with another gentleman in the steve that carries the mall and passengers between Tekamah and Deentur, a distance of eixtecn miles. Let me describe the stage. Itwasno tumbering Cun- cord, with seats for nine tnside and always room for one more on top, drawn by four or six horses, dashing at full run throuch lifghways uid byways, ta the peril of dogs and amall boya, out a light spring-wagon, two-seated, canyas covered, resembling at a distance onr own milk- wagons, drawn by tivo small horses that knew the whip, and, by censon of thelr familiarity with it, held {t In contempt. In our progress we facol n “norther” off the way, aud only those who have faced a norther can appreciate ite beautics, It was fresh in every senec; blew its breath square iu our faces, aud with uo fitful puffs, but o steady, never-ceasing blow. Con- veraation was out of the question, a5, although the thermometer, in abecnce of the wind, would hhaye marked about sixty deerees, yet so cold was it that tt was imposajole to d¢ comfortable even with heavy winter overcoat, buttoned close to the ebin, and a blanket and buffato-roby drawn well up over the knees, ~ At half-paat4 we arrived ot DEOATUR, 2 town of about 500 population, situated in the northeast corner of Burt County, within one mile of the Missouri River, and just at the edgo ofthe Indian Heservation. This ts one of the oldest towna in the Stnte,—one gentleman that I met, Mr. N. B. Fuller, a prosperous Iimber- tan, having beena resident for over twenty- five years, and he fs not the oldest inhabitant. Tothe west is the celebrated Logau Valley, said to be one of the best portions of the State, thickly settled “ith well-to-do farmers, who hye as fine improvementaas ore to be found upon our Linols farma, At Decatur it. is expected that.a allroad will be built from the Jowa olde, running west to some point on the Unlon Pacifle Railroad, or on throngh to the Diack Wills. Jt is satd that here {sto be found the best foundation for a bridge guywhere on the west bani of the Missouri, aud a Dill for thut purpose was passed by the House of Repreeentatives, but did not reach the Sen- ate before adjourument, ‘This would give this section a direct comniuuicution with Chicago via the C. SN. W. KVR, and the fC. RR. as the mail did not leave before 0 a. m, Iwas obliged to remain over night, aud stopped at the Decatur Hotel, tho only tavern In the town, This is condneted by A MLANSTRD HINGLISHMAN from the City of Londen, who has strared_ out intu this Western wild with his wife, children, ewallow-tull cont, and coviney tonzuc. He Is no ont-and-outer,Hkes Hingland better then Vials countrle, you Know, and thinks London t only elty In the world, you know. He faan aris: torrat,—one of the E8,—has a brother who Jan walter 1p # restaurant, and a friend who has Leen everywhere ta steward hon board a Hin kifsh inerelintinan; but, for all that, he faa clever mine host, and attentive as only those who have had lus superior advantages ‘und sti how ta be, cre I met Henry Fontenedie, a half-breed, Ws father a Frenchman nnd its mother an Omana Tndtan, who was for fifteen years inter preter for the tribe, was educated, I betfuve, at Bt. Loula, fs a innn of more than the average ine telllgence even among white men, and to whom Zum much indebted for tuformation contained dn this tetter. Fontenclle at one time was quite wealthy, but, ulthough sinee unfortunute, still owns one of the best farme fn the reservation, and upon ft a tine frame house, well furnished, - fe bas a wile (an Omaha) und tive chitdren-—two sons grown, His farm is well cultivated, anil noone has better stork, nor more of it, than be. Tata also indebted to Mr, dumen Ashley fur touch valuable fuformation, He was for many years blacksmith for the tribe, but now ts Hying ut Decatur, dolng a prosperons hardware busl-- ness. Starting of 10 oelock Thursday morning, 1 was driven in an apea bugey behind two dnaiun ponies, at a rettling galt, onwerd to the Avency, ten miles ajstant. In this way the mutt fs care ried euch doy, aud the compensalfon f# fifteen dollars w munth, Tn two hours we arrived at aha Agoncy, Mre, Ashley, whose husband fy now the blacksmith, having sueceedert bis broth~ y kaVE men Food diuner, after which Feapeets to Nt. JACOW VonE, INDIAN AGENT. fe a Quaker from Rlchmond, Ind; bas no here three yenrs, an appolutes of Gen, ut. He succeeded ‘f.'T. Gillingham, who Was also u Quaker, and was considered ony auf The best Ageuts the Omuahas ever nad. Me ree figued his potion iu order te taku an active interest tu the firm of Hudley Brothers & Co. Sormerly In the buok business in Chicaga, Mr, Vore receives a sulury of $1,000 per anuuin and the use uf a bix-room frame house, which) I am sorry to say Is sudly In need of repairs. He ts conscientious in The diseherue of Its duties, amd fo one ace enses hit jn the allentest degree of inaking profltout of the lrylians beyoud tls salary, In Tact, under the present reuiing, ttle einost iin- possible to do 80, except in the moat culpable Jnannes, os no gnuuities are pal ver cuplty to these Indians. “The Government appropriates £20,009 per unnum, which is expeated in the bultding of houses for them, the purchuse of Waxtuns, agricultural implements, seed, fgsterial Jor the carpenter and the blacksinith shots, aid for tue pay of the emolo! excupt the Avent, te phyalelan, the mutroa, the interpreter, an the tarimer, who ate paid by the Government, TUK OFFICIALS arc as followa: Jacob Vore, Indian Agent. ©, 2, Morgan, Indian lotorpreter, Juviva Vore, Farner, » Taylor, Phywiclan, Aovert H. Aaticy, Blaciaantth, voeoph S, Loveland, Carpenter Ailen G, Root, Muller, Menzo C, Lee, Veacner We Wataon Burgess, Veacher, Susetto fa Fleshe Uudlau), Asalatant Teacher, dda Sl. Vore, Matron, io Bt Voter Naater (indian), Avaivtant I ult - duel Kien (adlin), Swsistunt Sucked, ¥rank La Fleshe (Indian), Avslalaut Carpenter. Lawurd Miller hudiauy, Avwatant Fares, He 1 ra Ituebe (hidiaud, Andatant Beraius. Awd eight police, ull Lidmas, Haute) Webster ty the uame of ang of the po- Meetuep, aud a tine specimen of an Indian he Is. ‘the Arent fg the Grand Autocrat; his word Ja * daw; Do arbitrutes between the Indians und gut> Hes all dispt fs no append except in weighty tnalters that go to the Indian Commlsstoner or Secretary of the Interior. “The: Soclety of Friends haying this tribe In their ju- riadiction a cominittes send a name to the President, and he appolnts, and the appoint- confirmed by the Senate. Winnebago Agency, which joins this on ihe north, is to be consolidated, and bott, agen- eles will probably be nlaced in charge of How- ard White, aiso a Sucker, now Avent of the former. ‘ 71 CIVIL LAW hos no furisdiction over the Indians. Nothing belonging to then inside of the reservation fs Hable tor debt, jut an attachment may fs- Bue against anything he owns auteide. Iu ease of crime, the perretrator Js arrested by the United States Marshal nud turned over to the Federal Court. It is a penal offense to sell lignor to Miesn, but as a tribe they are remark- ably temperate. Some ten years ago ono of the Omabas beanie intoxicated; the other members gave bin an awful whtoping, and there has been no case of drunkenness since. Thero are nine Chicfa, all of equal rankj—tho tithe is hereditary: but some of the younger. getieration —-beeamo. dissatistled aid proposed toclecta Chief for two years. In this they wero unaneressittl, ‘The Government bas decided to recognize no dis- tunetion, but to treat all alike and act towards them ag wards of the nation, and to take ao more treaties with them, “These Indians object to belng transferred to the War Department, preferring the present management ind svatem, They are Increasing fu numbers, owlng much to the changes of Ute and diet. ‘They bunt less than before, and ent more fruit und vegetables, And are better clad and housed more coufort- ably. ‘The settlers about here feel very friendly towards these Ornahas, with the exception of a few who would ike to met possession of their Jan. vitch is ating body, well watered, having the Wood Creek oud Blavkbird Creek runniiys through it, und also many living springs of tne water. ‘The land fs undulating. with bleh bits on the west und cust. ‘The yalloys between are very fertile. THE POLICY OF THE GOVERNMENT {eto encourage them in taking care of them- selves, aud it fssucs no money or rations to them direct, and) the result is that the Omahas are fust becoming self-supporting, ‘They begin to reallze that they can nu longer depend upon game, but muet Took to the ground for subsist. ence, and in cansequence Wwe find nbout 2,500 acres under cultivation. —1,600 in wheat, und the balanes {mn corn, potutocs, veretables, ete, in in farts of from five to forty acres, Ench head of a fatuily Is entitled to eclect 100 acres of unoccupied land, but inet bulld rome kind of a house and liye upon tt, und then he has the benefit of anythtiug that he may ratee. ‘There are about 1,100 Umahas in all, and the rvation contains nearly 200,000 neres, ‘They raised in 1878, 4,800 buahels of wheat; in 1877, 12,400; und in 1878, nearly 20,000 bush els. Of corn, in 1970, 15,000 bushels, und 1873, 30,000 bushela, Of potatoes, 18% 000 burheis; 1878, 6,000, Hay. 1877, 1,909 tons, ‘nud in 1873, 1,100, besides Intge quantities of all kinds of Yyeuctables, much of whieh they soll, OL AGRICULTURAL, IMPLEMENTS they lave one thresher, twelve reapers and moivers, sixteen sulky rakes, 159 breaklug plows, 225 double-shovel plows, 100 harrows, 200 war: one, 650 ponies, and 32 head of oxen. ‘Ihe im- plements are stored in a darge building, and are Heued to the Indians by the Agent in their turn. Thera is a blacksmith and caruenter shop in which is a forge, tools, ete., which are in charge of the white nen with Indian assistants. One of the carpenters (a native) has become quite proficient, nithough at the trade only a few inontks, Hu was the boss hunter of ithe tribe, and hopes to hecome the boss enrpentor. ‘The Indians pay nothing individually for work dono, the expense being vaid for wages and tmateriat dut of the aunuity from the Govern- inont. ‘There fs also a saw ana grist mill for their ac commodation, and cottonwood and ok sre fend in considerable quantitica on the reserva- jon, I visited one of the TWO BCHOOLS that fs {n charge of Mr. Burzess, with, ng as- sistant, Miss Susette La Meshe. ‘The other is at the southeastern end of the reservation, and is managed by Mr. M. C, Lee, who haa been six years at the Agency, and feels much encouraged with the progress made by the ehlldren, and thinks (hey Jenrn as readily as white children, having the additional «tisadvantaze of nut know- ing the Engiiah ianguage, Ho tina an attendance of forty. Miss Susette La Fiesho ts a hani- some woman of about 25; is nbout. the color of ucreole, of ood Iicht and figure, black balr and eyes, sinall hale: of more than ordinarily Drepogsessing, appearance. Her father waa a Frenchainn, her mother was the daughter of “Old Sarpy,” a French trader (after whom Sarpy County is named) and ni Utee Indian, as venrly ag Iocan tind out. She was edueated through the Kindness of charitable friends ut r Elizabeth, N. J. She has three gsters whom | sue Ja educating, School No. T ling an average attendance of sixty.—from the age of 5 years to 18: thero are enrolled forty-tlye boys and thirty-three girls. ln reading, writing, spelling, anthmetic, md drawing they compare favorably with other children. Grammor, geography, aud history are also taught, ‘The children are quite regular in attendance and attentive to their lessons. When they first goto school they are clothed, and then ff they remaln, away the polices aro sent to inquire the vausc. No compulsion {s exercliod, ‘Shey ary not, so ready in inental as tn practleal arltiinetic. ‘The disctoline will: compare favor- ubly with that of other schools. THE LARGE HOYS ARE SOMETIMES WiIrreD by Mr. Burgess, the Prluetpal; the younger ones are punished by helng mude to stand up in the corner. Mias La Flesie says sho somettiies makes the boys kiss exch other, which they dis- ike. Tasked it they distiked Klashiyz the girls. She replied they were Ike the whites in that, nnd considercd that no punishment. Cwitnesa- ed vapelling mateh, aud when ons fatled at went Tower, the others were Inclined to ridfeule the unfortunate one. T saw alzo spechnens of their wrlllug, whieh was ercditabts to them. ‘They also cave ne an extibltion of their vocal matin P,P. Bites! dim, Hold the I could see ne tuteriut dliferenes In P the performance nag between them and other children. of think tt was as bad os f ever beard from the gate pumber of white eblkdren, but certainly no worse, ‘There ore no Ieiters corresoondlug with our Vy L, Ry and O in the Omaha tauzunze, which makes {t mora dlfigiit to teach them. The pane of the tribe—Omaha—ts pronounced by them as though it were spat out with (he double O or U, Before 1870 tery hud nu schouls, and they have inade aw rapld progress eluce that tina as cold be expected. They ure anx- fous to learn. ‘There is a Sunday-school (but no chureh sery- ices) with five teachers (part. natives) und forty scholars, and us many inore come every Sunday as laokers-on, As to the honcaty of the Tndinns, I ear good neconnts, Mr, Leo and Mrs. Ashley both told me Wat they never had anything stolen, wl though they touk no palus to raven it, leay- ing thelr things exposed as freely ag they would {ua comuntnity of white people. ‘The bust evitence of a material {mproyement In the Indian ts hits presant TREATMENT OF TIE SQUAWS, Six years ago they did nearly atl of the drudy- ery,—entrying wood, enttivathig with a toe t little patch of yronnd, whilst the Urave would sun bimself, loll about unt smoke. "Tins ts snow ull changed. ‘The women attend to the huusehola Guiles, and the men plow, and sow, and reap, cut and haul the wood In wagons, wid do whatever is necessary to earry on the Sarin, althor iu the busy seagon tle women will sometinies assist, ‘There lus been ttle change, however, o5 far a8 colurtsiip and marrage are concerned, al Lhourh the officials are in hopes that in tide also they will soon be abla to bring about reform, ‘The courting la boef an tothe point. When 4 buck sees a mezhin (voun girl) of whom he [4 enamored, cud Of stehing, writing her povtry, or singing under her window, he tes in wart for her, and when she appears he forcibly takes pogsesslon of 1 somUeties Carrying ber olf aut Keeping her avvuy for several days, antl when they come back they ure inurried. | "There te no ceremony ob marriage: thelr lying togeth: bund whe is sutilelent, My 13. practice to sume extent, some haying two and three wives, but the Agent fy atrivinggs to break this up, anda plurality of wives de not common except among the older hicu. Some of the young men now go to the inissfonary to. have a inarriusze’ ceronony pers fuinted. “Mr. Vore (Informe we that they huye bute Very HeVErE Cases Of MOTHER-IN-LAW, That, ke their more civiilzed nelehbors, a tather will interfere, nad, tiding iat her daughter might do better, takes ber away aud gives her to another braye,—-one who perhapa basa little more land cultivated, or a better housy, or mare ponies, ate, Age fy not so mitch tegurded, for not outy will a young girl marcy. an old un.—thint is done everywhere for gout wind sullleent. Fensous—-but a young min will marry an ula pal, Think of ‘that, yo muldens fatr—and forty! ithe funeraly are fur ulead of au Irleh wake, When uv tig Chlet dies hte favorite pony is stranded, the trends ussemble, and, assisted by professioual mourners, or rather ‘howiors, rot up a how! that would aiiost wake the dead. ‘Sols bowllug, by Uosy professors vf the art Whu are paid for their services, ts kept up for Weeks ut pumetines inonths. ‘Wha body ls burled upon the top of the highest hill, anu over 5 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, APRIL. 9, 187 a wonden covering varying from the stat ofa kennel to that of an Sxid room, $ ‘Their auuzements constat largely of dances. They are also fond of card-piaying, and will gamble. ‘yhey have what Is called a pipe dance, nt which the guests are so overcome with gener: osity and gratitude to their host for the fin afforded, T suppose, that. they will preeont hin ith ponfes and other ovidences of their regard, ‘The Agent Is taking steps te break up this praze tee, and now returns the gifts, mating them what the children call Injun givera.’? AN INFInMATIT was bullt by Government appronriation some years ago, but no funds have ever been given to carry ont the object for which it was built, There ta also a block-houso tat used to be re sorted tain times of danger from Sioux Inva- sia, It ts aot apartas a jail, but abr, Voro told me that during his residence here he had Jind oecasfon to use It but once, and then 10 he had known all the facts would not have used ft at all, ‘Their clothing ts cencrally for the men, shirta, breech-clouts, moccasins, and a blanket; the women Wear a jacket, skirt, leegins, movensing, and blanket, although quite a number of the Tudlans aro wearing the clothiug uf the whites, aud more would do so if able. AN INDIAN'S DIET conslats of broad, meat. vegetables, and squat vor, roasted in the husk. ‘They ara very fond of onfons, and of all meats, prefer a nice, tons der, fativoune doz. A gentleman was telling tne this evening of having stopped at an Tnitfan, tence quite hungry, and was hetped to what he Bupposed was lamb, until golng down to the bottom of the pot the bead of the dog wa dished tn, much to the aiscomfort of his ston: acl. Itls eakt that the late Col, Gitmore, of Chicago, dined with Sarpy, and complaining that tne meat was rather tough, was told that by mistake un old dog was cooked Instead of B young one, ¢ Colonel’s inwards gaye way at this, ‘The juice was, however, tht {twas really a pleee of mutton. Suet is fmagination. The Indinns are named after animuls ur birds, and Eowill submit a few In the origttial with translations: Sha-ziuy-ha (Prairie Chicken), Shuugaskal (White ” Norse}, Mungah-azhu. (Other Skunk), Wa-subba-Tangit (Big Black Bear), Yanuga-Ahinga (Little Bui). ‘THY INSTORY OF THE OMAHAS AND PONCAS, Originally they were one tribe, but owing toa trilling dilliculty the Fonceas were sepnrated: from the Onnahos and plecud Upon a reservation in Dakota Yerritory. This, Lau told, was over 100 years ayy, ‘The Omnlas were removed to the mouth of the Eikhorn, near West Point, Neb. From thenee to the mouth of the Logan, fst north of their present reacrvation, ‘ane afterwards to Bellevae, twenty miles south of Omaha, and in 1855 were trausferred to thelr preseut reservation, During this time the Pon- cas remained iu Dakota, But about two vears ugo the Government concluded to put the Spot- ted ‘Vail Sioux upon the Dakota Reservation, and removed the Poneas to the Indian Territory. Before doing this they sent some of the Poncas down under the pretext that. they should look over the ground und see if they ‘Mked tty but when they got there they were refused trauspor- tation buck, Finally the Voneas started back afoot, cot ns far as the Otoes, near Lincoln, sul stopped there, footsore nud weary, 10 rest, and then came hack as far as the Omaha Reservation, and thence to the Ponea Agency, and reported that they did not lke theeountry. . Finally they were deceived Into ralng bael, in spite of their suponliina tothe change. Muny sickened und dled on the journey, und the elimate was so dlifurent that goon ay many as 160 in all divd, and they lost nearly all of their ponies, ‘ STANDING BEAM and a few others wore finally allowed to ro to Washington to see the Great Father, as they called the President, and, whilst there, perimts- ston Was granted them to select any unoceupied portion of the indian Terriory. But again they got sick; the country was hilly or rocky, and they could not eontent themselyes in that Jatitude, so nbout thirty concluded to go north, ‘They started about the Ist of January of this year, and, makinga wide elrcult, reuched tho Omaha Re: tion the 3d of March. The Otonhus received them cordially, und, ag they had more kuid than they could cultivate, wero giad to bayo therm with them, especially as by (ntermarrlage they wero Hke the same Indians, the Chief himself being half Omatin, On the 23d of March, Licut. Carpenter and fiyo suldicra arrived at the Avency to take them back. No realstance was olfered, with one exception. WAI WE KA CUSILA {Long After) was sick, and ble wifo was. sick, und when the Lieutenant, and his soldier, nn one or two of the Omabas came to him, and the Interpreter told hin what was wanted, ho Jumped to his tect and safid-he would rather be shot than taken back. A gun was placed to bis head, but he never flinehed. Oo was tinally bound and taken to the Ageucy. Mr. Voro sent two of the Omanas to the other Poneas, and they came in without resistance, although they begged to be allowed to remuin, ‘They were taken in wagons to Omaha, where a cuun- cll avas heid with Gen. Crook, and stroug efforts aro bolug made to Induce the ‘Secretary of the ‘Interior to permit them to remutn ‘with the aunts, rather than tuke them back to vertalu death, ; ‘This {8 a caso that demands tho sympathy of all. It wit! be a cructty to send this handful of Indians buek to the Territory to die.’ ‘The Oun- hus have over 200,000 ueres in thelr reservation, and under cultivation only 2,600, und can well spare chough for thelr old friends and nelgh- burs, the Poncas. J trust tht your renders may find somothing of interest 1 this long letter, the material for which I have been tu some palus to obtuin, ‘* E. 'f. Souwat. P. S.—I fnelose a LETTER FROM C. PY, MORGAN, an Omaha, who Is iutorpreter fur the Indians. You can use dt you whsh, At any rate, you can ecu how well the indlane can leurn to write. Tals spuchnen a white wan need not blush for: 1870. —My Dean Winn Omahas & Poneas bow, Tam trytag my Beat to have Poneas moved up frou tho Iniinn Teerltory Dam ineiy Editor Omann Herald oflics we vend ‘Telegraph to Washineton, to have Ponens thie Poor Tudlans aro crying bes cause they Heine on down Indlan ‘ereitory but Mr. Donnully and Couple church ministers and a Jawyer and clty oficers Omaha are helping thia Ia- diana became thes are crying, Tam gol ta eay till Wednesday evening General Crook told mu ta Atty ail eee how it zene tu turnout. Tan in 2 churches Last night talting nbout Poucas they tude good xpeecnes for Pour Pouce 1 ind to way faw words too alliozethue there was 2.090 men will Ua bome thursday evening, Your husvantd ° AP Btongay een THE TEREDO. How Ho Destroys Thousands of Datars! Worth of Property, Nao York sua, Mr, Page exhibited numerous blocks of wood full of holes. Ho uleo showed specliens of the teredu, and gave a description of the tools with whieh le perforined fs labor. Tits boring ap- paratus, Mr. Page aald, Is of a triple character, First and foremost, scetuy that ft 14 9 projoction from the frout of his. rteel-like head, is bis mugen, with which he makes an entranta into the plece of wood in which be proposes tu dwell, Sida.by side with this tga gouge, and on the outer surface a file, The tercdo can cut fn any direction. He ta supplied with a double siphon, withone arm of which he helps bhinsell to autinas a Whon lie is at worl, and with the other ejects his sawdust through bis body into the waters behind bin. When he enters the wood he {fs almost Inflaituslinal in length, breadth, nnd thickness, but ater he has Uygd fer a short time among the flbrous shades thet elve nim home und food, he has grown to the length of four taches, wml fs stout enough to warrant tho supposition that he has feasied upon farlnace> ous faod from birth, ‘The teredods particularly troublesome at the Battery, but much more so. at Hoboken, where he hus destroyed in sx months the piting of a pler duit cost thousands: of dollars, Among the speclnensof his heads work exhibited by Mr. Page was a block eut from a wnahogany log om the harbor of Aspinwall. “She entrance holes mado by the Hitle pessand his felluw-burers were hardly visible to the nuked eye, but the persorations on the opposite side gave the bluck the appearance of wtarget that had peau honey-combed by oullets, ‘The teredo was Ko destructive to the pilot the Mabite & Now Orleans Ratlrond tbat the company's prolits were for a long tine eaten up in tepalre ing the damage done by the worm; and it was hot tntll creosote off was used tn fupregpating the wood that they Were able to pay a dividend: ‘This creosote of], oue of the many products of coal tur, fs the only substance known that will cauck tho teredo. Mresh|water, however, will kl every Yeur seuuing Vessels that have dd upon by thy wort are taken up the Itudson, to Roudout and other polota, where, fn aw dew weeks, to trace of the borers remains except the hudes he hag wade wtud the calewrcous material with which b dls tubular dwelling, has nud the walla of ‘Two years agu, Mr, Powe vontiited, a visdel Tadeo with iaurble waa Wreeied off Fir Intand, Bome mariue saimal, akin, perhaps to the teredo, but supolied with more” adatant fiuplements, attacked the Marble und worked his way through: it ag Uhouzh It was notulug harder thun soft 9 A pleco of the murble was abown. It was cou pletly honey-com bed. a 2 ** Keep a rellabla friend alwaya at hand," wuch Dr, Bull's Conzh Syrug bas ensinunthy proven ttselt toby, ‘Shousande of testimonials, Try at. Rete THE COURTS. Mrs, Geldorman Is Released from All Oanstraint. Record of Judgments and New Sulls--- German, Sasings Bank. The hearing of the hahess corpits case of MRG IDA ORLDENMAN Was resumed yesterday morning before Judge MeAMiater. ‘The reporter went on with the reatllngt of the testimony taken at the Coroner's examinition, which oveupled nearly two hours, at the close of the rending by the reporter, Dr. Henrotin was called for the prosecution, and testilied that be attended Geldermana short tie before his death, and prescribed for hin twice. Ho got the impression that the neighbors called him gin, and that Mra. Gelder- man ald not care much whether he came or pot. Tle ceased zolug there beemtsy the patient re- fuse to take his medicln Dr. arrown, Mrs. Kramer, and Mra. J. J. Carbury were pul on the stand, and festitied to the apparent intimacy between Mrs. Geldermau aud Dr. Meyer, and Mr. Baker, attorney for the people, then rested, Mrs, Gelderman took the stand fu her own behalf und stated that shegent John Limmer- tog after Dr. Henrottn because alo wanted another physician, She told Dr. Moyer of the fact. She said she had always lived happily with her husband aug did everything eby could toravo his Hife, Shd aduitted that Drs Meyer visited her after her husband's death, and that they became engaged last January. Also that she Klased him on ony occasion when Ieaying. ‘This was the occasion referred to by the de- tectiver, She lind known Mrs, Meyer about 9 year before her death, and bad been acqitainted with Dr. Meyer about two years, during which tine be was their family physician, A little svat then ensued between Mr. Baker and Mr, O'Brien, ‘The Intter bud made sume very brond charges that the State's-Attorncy had been trying to Snduce Mrs. Gelderinan to confess she was guilty and then become a wit-* ness ugainst Dr, Meyer. Onexamination of the wltnces, however, she sald no such propositions had been made to her, and the Judge touk oc- easton to remark that O'Brien was only hurting. Ids own case by making such charges. ‘The witness then went on to say that her hus- bund would uot take the mediclue preseribed by Dr. Henrotin, and demanded that Dr. Meyer should be recalled. Dr. Meyer did nut_ make any oofection to having Dr. Henrotin called in, but enid he would not hold anv consultation with olm, og they belonged to different schools of practice, When hee husband got worae again, sho’ called Fritz Gelderman and told him 1 go for the first phystelan ho contd find. “She admitted she ‘had made some transfers of property since her husband's death, but said they were oll saown on the records of the Probate Court. ‘The wit- ness was closely veiled and dressed in black, She showed considerabtc cmotion when tustily- Ing, nit mado a yery fayorablo impression on the’ Judge, Judge McAlister sald thnt this was a very po- cullar case, nin very interesting ono to those who took pleasure in'coutemnlating that sort of ease. A oromncnt feature of ft was that Gel- derman and Mra. Meyer died only ten or twelve days apart, unt by aimitar deaths, the difference belng oniy the difference between the two cau: of the nervous disturbance. Uno of the prom- Inent ubjects the prosecution had in view wns to ‘establish on — inotlye, of revenge, orto acquire pronerty, or In 180 It sevined to acquire Geldcrman’s wife, ‘fhere would not be ahything at all In the ease wore It not forthe fdet that Mrs. Gelderman and Dr. Meyer beeatic aflanced within three or four months after “Mrs. Meyer's death, No stress was, fn his optnlon, to be laid on the evi- dence of the detectives, for detectives almust always heurd or enw, something extraordinary when they undertook'te do so, In order to convict tn the present caso {t was necessary to satiety jury beyond a reasonatite doudt that Geldefan’ and Mra. Meyer, eapecially the formlf, came to, thelr deaths by pofgon—admly ted by Dr Meyer, which Mra. Geligtinan was an accessory. ie post mortem exienination left the miud im great uncertuint: fhere was something ‘that. exelted suspicions OK feeling that everybudy Would acknowleidgo' fhint there wera suspicious circumstances, Butthothiny was to be drawn from the tact that DE. Meyer attended Gelder- non and bis wife, bociuee it was un anomalous choracterietic that Wtealted fn those persous to co-operate with hin (fho could expose him and dvtect htm at once. (Ko far as Mrs, Gelderman was concerned, sho iierself was the cause of Dr, Heurotin bolug entle” in, It was entirely con- sistent with the tigre of her innocence that her husband gid not Want him, for Gelderman waa o bellever in Hofieopathy, und sho did vot want him told of hesrotin’s belng called fa be- cause ho would not iF ft. Homeopathic phygtclans administered tha most virulent polsony, only In smnll doses, and. it was not proved wether or not auch poisons did not accumulate th the system. ‘the only ovidence against Mre,Golderninn was the mero fact thut she sfterwatd become engaged tu Dr. Moyer, ‘The fact thit the ongarement was made 60 soon after Geldermnn's death did not tend to shaw that the widow was tn erimmal co-operation with Meyer in causing that death. It was not posible that she should send for Dr, Henrotin tf sho was alding Dr. seyer tn poreon- tug her husband, It was a ense of ctreum- Ktuntial evidence, fut there was by no means suiltclent evidence to cnable any jury to conyier, and, [fa jury dil fod her guitty on buch vague testimony, any dudge would seb the verdict aside and grant a new trink ‘The eulle just be proved bayand a reasonable donbt, lt was therefore his duty te discharge Mra, Gel- dermatton the ground that the evidenee was not eyiilcient to hold her, ‘The decision seemed to be expected by all who had followed the course of the evidence, Mra. Geldermun wage not fy court when the Judge mmounced that he Woald releuse her, She fainted after giving her testhuony, boing uvercouid: ante Btrain of going through so many examinations, and was obliged to bo taken out into another room, where the deeis+ fon of the Judge was annowtnecd co her in pri- vate, and whence slie was tuken home, GANDOLYO VB, antano, A weeltago Mra, Anuetina Gandolfo fled a bill agalust Louts Arado, charging tint he, by specluus protestations of Irlendsbip, had bor- rowed 318,4800f her, and hud then given her as gecurity a Wortguzeon No. 400 State strect, that this property was ouly worth $10,000, and that he was tn a doubtful fnanelal condition, Ue bad ates entered up judument by contesston ugoluat her, and waa tryang to Jevy on her prop: erty and sell ft. Sho asked for an accounting. and fnjunetion. Yesterday Arado Med his ane swear denying that he had been guilty of any fraudulent or byen wneencrous dealing. Ee ade mitted borrowing $13,450 of her, Luc claimed that the security he guve hor was worth far more than the incumbranee. Us also dented that hoe bewpeid the money, bus claimed she pressed it op dita, ua she wanted it invested, and wos afruld of savings baules. Ho also dened tht he Hive a murtgage on No. 400 State street, but clilmed be sold dt to ber absolutely at her ro- peuted request, for the sum of 317, of being jusolyunt hu alloses he ts wortl $40,000 or 350,000 und amply able to respond to any elafia of hers on tim, THE GERMAN SAVINGS DANK, ‘The followin is the eixteentii monthly roport of C,H. Horton, Recelyer of the Geraiun Saye ings Bank: Cash at last report gc Meaienes ve see BU, MIBHURAEMESTA, Wranster of bank property fue do posits by orger af Court... $1,830 Court COtd seee yy Recciver's oxpens 200 —— 1,50 Balance on hand... s.+0 G12, 2Ud tren Judvo Farwell yesterday granted a derreo of ilvorce to Alexander 38, Etchuer from Julie Kichaer on the grand of desertion, to Batette Balley from Huury Hatley for tau same cause, and to Mhoda 1. Krawier from 'Thvedore t Kratwer for whike cause, the complainant to bo allowed to resume her uiaiden name uf Ashbey. Jiugt Cooner, ludteted for ylolation of the Post-Ouice laws, pleaued gatlty before Judge Blodgett yestertuy but sentence was suspendud. The case of Eugene 31, Murtman, charged with passing: countericit money, Was takets up by ude Blodget aiter the Grey trial way elo: and occupied tie remalader of the day, le wus not concluded, but will bo resumed this worn- itasc, Friday will bo the last day of service to thu April term of tha Clreult Court, ‘So-auy 14 uefault day i the Superlor Court, UNITED STATES COURTS. ‘The Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Com- pany filed u DILL yesterday uyalust Mlorutio Ud. and Aunty T, Spolerd, Carl Marlow, aud J, 7% “TWELVE PAGES: Wilson, to furceltos morte the th Ig of Lotdhin Hundley the Mtg of the 8. Ee ty af Sos. 17, 010, 44, and another against HH. G. Spoffard, Carl Marlow, oid, P, Wiison to foreclose a_ mortage for $2,500 on Lots 25, 20, 97. and 23, Block 7, mn Archer Addition to Chicago, excepting the 8 0 fect of said lotr. Cyrus Libby tied o LIN hiatnst Phelps, Dodge, & Palmer, and another against George Aptel, to Testratn them from tufringing his patent for an improvement jn Congress gaitere, Henry { Young, ot at, Truateas, filed a bill aainst Willfam and Atbertina Froutler, Chris- topher Hntlagan, A. 1. Unt, We F. Hunt. and Michael Beal to foreclose a mortyare for $5,000 on Lots £9, 20, 41, 22, 23, und 44, Block 61, in Hopkins’ Addition to Hyde Park. HANKRUITCY, The Unton Natlonal Bank withdrew tts ob- dectlons to A. Cy Hesing's discharge from bank- ruptey, nnd the matter was referred to the Regislor for final Hae ni n Assignee will he chosen this morning for The dividend-meeting in tho case of Beens & Wadeworth was postponed to April 15, SUPERIOR COUNT IN BIUER, A. d, Lafuiest commenced a suit in trespass yesterday ngatnst ‘Theadera Selirickal, to re- ver $10,000 damages, Latnar Insurance Company began a aut for $2,000 avaihst H. O. Goodrich, anather for 81,500 against D. A. Phillippe, ono for 8500 ngainat E. Gulch, otto for $300 against Caapar Hofsommer, nnd one for $500 agalust C. RR Waters, ‘Theso are all suits agalnst stockhold- era of the Company to revover a {0 per cent us- acsament on their stock, with whieh to pay up the rematning 48 parcent of the Indebtedness of the Company, Edward M, Endicott filed a bitl against Annie FE, Holines, Joseph A. Holmes, Join Mattocks, FE, G, Mason, Isaae Paliner, Frank fHolmes, ant W. F. Endicott to foreclose n trust-deci for 811,000 on Lots Land 2 of the & W. 2¢ of See 7, 42, 11; also 10 ncras in the 8. E. 1¢ af See, 19, 4 10; also the W. 3¢ of the N. W. 2¢ of Sec. 2, 11. 8 Stbdivinien of PROBATE COURT. In the estate of James J. Cartledge, decuarca, Tetters of administration were jasnedl to dames J. Noble, and bond of $24,000 approved. In the case of Daniel H. Cady, deceased, lot- tors of adintntytratlon wero issued to C. Dyke Wiliams, snd bond of 86,000 approved. THE CALI. Loportt—Call of the criminal calendar. eLLATE Count—8, Hunt ve, City: 110, Chicago, Milwaukee os St. Hallroad, Company; 02, Turner ys, Brainard; and 0d, Kuy- wee Kuypor. No, 87, lumis ys. Stantont, on tial. Junor Gany—O70, 708, 801, 802, 803, 800, 807, 809, a B27, B2H, 83, BG to BAL KES, Kio, BAU, 840 to 855, BHUIE, HOM to BOL, 871 to 875, B72, BHO to 883, and 885, all inclusive. No case on trlal, 805, 410, 811, B14 G1b, 816, 818 to dupag Jastenox—Asslsts Judge Gary. No ease on trial. dupan Muonr—1.2%4, Matchett ve. Dybalt; Besmout » Wing: aud Nos, 1 to3 on new trial. Sot easy term Abrahams vs, ‘Trask, and calendar Nos. Inclusive, except 110 and 120 of Judge entar, Nocase on trial, Supox Fanweur—2, 474, Skarda vs, Skarda, and 1,400, Wilmott vs, Brow: Jupuy Wintrasis—I , Johnson ya, Ward. dunar Loomis—Noe, 20, 21, 27, 20, 30, 37, 38, 80, 40, 41, 42, ond 43, sUDOMENTS. Cincurr Court—Jupin M Monchatder ve, Josef Cermak, $ THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE. Tho Stato Election, Ta the Tilitor of The Tribune. Cnicaco, Aprit &—The communteation of Mr. G. DeMars {n to-day's Trisune tn reply to aitne of the 5th inst. would suem to show that he ts badly cut by my remarks in relation to the candidates on the Republican tieketin the recent election, My strictures arg true, and they cast no personal refloction,und were not in- tended to cast personal reflection, on Poter Buschwab. . Mr. DeMars fs his fellow-employe in the Connty Clerk’s offiee, and for that renson he comes to the rescue. ‘Tho reasun I did not lend my “anfmal mugnotism * and ad- vico to tha Executive Committee was because they did not wantit. ‘The Curis Mamers and others who paraued their names in big letters ou the posters knew all about running a eampaien. ‘They did run It, too,—with n Yeaueauce. ‘They fooled away phe candidates’ money in Ioudly-pa- raded: meetings, but, as to active, real work, they did wong, aud they carefally ignored afl the hurd-worklyy,shonest Republicans, and at- Towel the logd-inouthed blowers und trickstors to take the lvad, Mr. DeMura to the contrary notwithstauding, ae, Gonviot Labor, To the. Rdttor of The Tribune. Cnicano, April .—There ss justice In the ery whieh daily comes up from tha hearts of 20,000 honest mechanics of Chicago, “ that they can- not compete with the convict tabor of thy Peul- tentlaries,? ‘Shey ought not to be compelled to compete with it. It {isa shame and diagrace to the people of the State that they permit a few sharp speculators In prison-lnbor to put the product of that labor on the market te cut down the wages of honest men, whose only erling Is that they do not violate tha laws. But bad as tt is that the conyiets inaur State Prison ore employed in this manner, it 13 far woreda thnt Chicago sould be the ready mar- ket for the products of tha Penitentiaries of the surrounding States. We are to-day sup- porting, net only our own prison at Joltet, but are taking the — gaods and — furnahing tha money, to run Tndiana State Prison at Michlean City, Theva ought to bo and there fs a remedy for thts state of things, Whore are our wise legislators, who promtio all sorte of reforms before election utd do nothing afterwards? © Why do not they set the niachinery in motion to correct this great wrong! ‘ihe fuct fs, thet Jegisintion doca not run in thisdireetion. ‘There ts too much of ft for the honeilt of the rich, and too little for the benellt of the poor, ‘The dillculty fs, that the moment ninan gets to Springteld “hoe forgets who sent blu there wad forgers uke honest purposes of hig lection, Tle does nothing tu redress the wrongs or establish the rzhts of poverty aud lubor, but devotes bis time nnd hits taichts to: the protection of thosy who already have more than a fairghare, ‘Therv are Inuumersble bills fw relution to ' dlatress for rent,” ** foreclosing. mortgages,” © reducing exemptions,” “forcible entry und detainer,” and the lke, but nothing for the pour and the oppressed; the man strug- cling and fighting for bread has uo favors shown him by the State, Now, thie “thing ta all. wrong,—shamefully, wickedly wrong,—and iu another paper T pro- posy to sy it wremedy for thls seantalous priven buainess whieh will ellectually pat a stop tu It, (izonum A, SHULELDT, oO, AtiistEn—Joho Honest Ilections, To the Hdttor af The Tribune, Wheaton, Il, Aprit %—Can wo have fair elections and no ballut-box stuflog? Your eor- respondent remembers iu Mtuols when the yot- ing was with an open ticket, virg tuce, It was the duy of loz cabins, turally, when the writer first discharged the duty of an American free- mun at the pola. ‘Taking the ballot in hand, with blushing cheek, he found himself iu the presence of the youerable Judges uit clerks of the election, A yoleo at hfs elbow suid, “1 challenge that vote.’ Judge—"Aru you of ngel? “You, aire." “Tow long have you bean In this Stated" “Ono year. “Hy ta a voter.” ‘The challenger sald, AU right; Ist him vote." ‘The ticket was handed to one of the judges, ‘The clerks took my name, aud the tlekot was rend uff nnd tallled oy the clerks, commenctiy, For Congressman, Jolin Wentworth,” in the coluinn ruled for that office. ‘Then for State Senator, ote., down to Carunor and Constable. Oshers kept tally also, and the result was isnown at the closing of the polls, and the can- ‘Yagsing Was done during the voting, ‘rhe impresslon seemed to be that many were {uthinidated by voting fn that way from exercls- tay their free and dudependent choice heoveen cunditates, through tear or sume sinister motive, ‘The law wus soon changed to vote by closed bat- jots, ‘Then, to prevent fraudulent voting, came the Revistry law, wind the nuinberiy of the bal- lots ta accord with the munber on the polk-ilst Opposite cach voter's name, ‘This uumbering of thy ballots placed the means of iowa how cach citizen voted in the hands of the politiclans ua much alinust 98 ir he ad yotud v'va vce, Tt is liunillating to say they have not honor sullictent tadeny theutselyes the sweet revenyse of knowing who smong thelr friends yoru acatuat them, and, by huok or croak, they will eb vosacaalyn of the bullota and ascertaly how euch man voted, In our toval uffatra It 18 pleasant ta voto by ballot, und would be imuch buster to dispense ‘wit the aumbering of the ballots. Ju the matter of the election of President aud membera of Congress, We s¢0 DO Teaeun Why auy one should Lesitute about voting openly for hia man. Exelsemuat usually rood high and men counalt: theutsalyes for “thelr party candidate lung bofore electlon-day,. Let us have a good Registry law, then in electing President, Vice-President, and meme every voter nam snd gator on the pote bys tally one: for tue man of fils eltalce, ff John Sherman ts tho candidate the voler wishes to support tor Eresiaent, tally one for enct of the Presidehtial Electurs on the sher- miantic! Ax many eltizens as desire to can bo at the polls and keep tally of the votes as well ns (he clerks of elvctlon, aid at the close of the polls have the result In thetr own hands. Nothing {1 more important Just now than honestly-vonducted elections, “Let the pio ple who are legally ontilled to the elective trans chiso have thy ehancotoexerciaeit untrammeled, and protect them init. ‘Then make an honest rotura, Ick the result bo what It will, aul the ship of State will vutride all storms, Shout she go on her beams! ents, sho will rigut her- self, for sooner than perish her crow will shift her coursa and trim Kee by moving to the other glde, Let our poiltieal trimmers roaotve to bo men and frown upon all ballut-box stufling wud illegal voting and we ure safc. i. ‘The Tonchors Yon't Nood Thetr Pay. To the Editor of The Tribune, Cutcago, April 8—In Sunday's Trineye “Citizen * propounds a conundrain in relation to the nonpayment of teachers’ salaries, nnd in to-day's iasue “ Another Citizen purports to tnswer{t. The answer, however, fs anything but comforting and satisfactory to the parties Interested, and virtually amounts te “I atve It up, which unfortunntely {8 the only snawer that can be given:to tha very pertinent Inquiry, “Why are the teachers’ salaries not paid?! and is nbout ns satisfactory ns the answer elven by those in authority to the hundreds engaged tn teaching the young {dea how to "get the drop." " Another Citizen * pives gan answer to the above inquiry, Tho salary sheets aro not made out.’ Of courso this ought to be perfectly sat- iefactory, and should silence all complaint. Such a convincing, conclusive, rattonal excuse ought to make the teachers perfectly contented and happy, but somehow it doesn't acem to. It ought to answer all the purposes of hard cash, or at least efty scrip, and make them thant God they have the fnestimable privtlee of teaching for nothing in a ercat city Hke Chicago. But lean give “Citizen” another answor, and one far more creditable to those fn author- ity. The city Fathers aud the Board of @dnea- tion have a paternal solicitude over the school- teachers of this city, and it {8 out of pure kind- ness of heart und watetful cure over thelr Iuter- ests that they withhold the salaries,—all for thelr own good, you know. It is a fact well Known to sclentists (though " Citzun's education seems to havo beon so much neglee! ed that lo fa ienorant of the fact) that sehool- teachers do not have to ext or drink or bo elothed Ike other mortals, It 1s ‘woll known that they live on alr, 'fheir watts are all pro- yided for without money and without price. It follows thut they haye ny need of money, und If they had it they would squander it in ‘extrava- gance, They fave no need of amusements, having unbotnded resources for enjoyment in keeping a few score of chorubs fn order; and in the fntense pleasure und beatitic eestacy of beat- ing knowledge into half n hundred brains of more or Jess dezrees of stupidity there fs a jov the rest of ‘the world knows nothing of (fertu- nately for the reat of the world), and which am- vy compensates for any Inck of fitthy lucret tis surprising that people wilt alr thelr feno- rance In public prints, a3 tha two citizens have done in their letters to ‘THe Tripung, Lt fs disgraceful that in acolintry whoso boast fs {0 its common schools two thon should seem go utterly uninformed of well-known facts. Don's. they Know that schoot-teachers haya no need of toney Whatever} unt they have no voard-bills to pay, nu expenses for tallors or inillinera, no need of Loots or shoes, or even car fare? ‘That all things are furnished them free of charved ‘That boarding-housckeepera vever presout bills fo thems that ear-condtctors esteem it thelr highest privilege to carry them to and from school without over hinting at tickets? That Field & Letter carry on a deadly rivalry with Carson & Pirlo ns to which firm should supply the most goods tu teachers free gratis, for nutli- ing? And furthermore, aro they fenorant that teachers aro naturally a wild, extravagant, dis- alpated cluss, who would only waste their money ff they had [t, and thatitis for that reagon nud no other that the paternal City Fathers aml Board of Kducation, iu thelr kindly solleitude for the welfare of their employes, withhold their sala- ries, und say, “ft fe all for your own good, dear children, If you had the mony you might get drunk or gamble"? This ig ‘a euilleient anawer to ‘Citizen's complalat. 2 ‘Thera arc, however, some teachers in the city who ara so tnreagonavlo na not to appreciate Uhla tender solteltude for thelr welfare, or whut- ever other reason’ those in authority have for not paying their salaries, and ‘are so narrow- inindad as to tint that “the workman ts wor thy of bls hire,” and that they have a right to the money they have honestly earned; that the excuse thit “the salary-sheeta ore not made out" {sa flimsy and ridicilous one; that there are school officials, superintendents, and clerks enougs tu malo out the salurs-shoot if they were Ulspused to do the work they are paid for dolug. ‘They arc unreasonable enough to itin- avine that a City Government should be held ns responalbte morally and legatly to pay ita om- uloyes as a private individual; that the fact that a majority of thelr number aro not yotura is no good excusa Why they should not have the Wares they bave honastly earned as much us the Potico nnd Fire Departrieuts; that even non voters have some rights waich 9 city corporation is bound to reapeet; and thatit fs a high-hand- ed outrage that in three months they should lave received only teu days? yxty, Of couray there Is no use 1n arguing with such unreusonabla people, and the best: thing the Schoo) Board cun do js tu discharge the whole jot, and hire those with dense enourn to appre- clute tho blessing of working for nothing! * Crrzen No. 3. ENGLAND'S DECLINE, Mr. Melvor's Inquirtes In Parliamont—Brit- Inh Pood and Farnis. Tandon Corresymitence Haltimore Sun. Clear ns the proposition may appear that the loss of one country can never form the prallt of another, many very specions eugyestions have been, aud perhaps are still, advanced in supvort. of a coutrary doctrine, Ithas been imagined that the destrietion of a foreign country’s trade, would open it to our own,—to America, to Ene gland; that the proflts to be ‘derived from It would then encourage competition among our- selves until, by industry and talent, wa became capable of undorsolling, aud thereby engroastins the branch of commerce wrested from the firac possessor. ‘This ia alargo subject; every day iu Eogland some of {ts particles nnd. princl-, ciples ore cropping out und up, Last night the kreatcarsler of the Atlautle, at thu head of the Cunard Steamship Company, Mr. Melvor, asked in the House of Commons if the re- peated atatomenta In the publie Journals to the effect that “the trade of foreten nations fs a8 deprossed ns that of Enghind fs correct; {f the Goverainent was fn possesston of any aul what Ilormation tend{ng to support atch tate: menta, or whother the Heures of the Board of ‘Trade returns did not polit toanentirely difer- ent conclision; and, thhally,{t wos stibstavtlally nzcurate that the value or Hritish tm joris now amounted to nearly £400,000, (00 nomtalty, walle the exports proper were only bore 200,000,000 4 Tu these questions the answers are also sven dlattnetly, and the reply, soueht by Mr. Meivor from the Uoyernment, aid not given, ls at ance presented by the estute commercial mau blot sal Tiay say tint this is the must ser jopte, not only of England, but of Eurone, by no means of sinall cousiterstion to Am Hofore tt all the gittterlag war polley of the Ei and Ute aimbitlona of Lord Buavonsticld tade, On the previous evening Mr. Mel yar addre: Qo targs audience, und in a rather long speech ald lugubrious toue dwelt on the Ameriean cot- ton that wie now golng to Franca wud taly di- rect, tha French coal conlag inte compotition with the Koglish at Data, tue Amerlean coal driving out the Lagiish stenus coat at Now Or- Iuuns, nad that ff England dimiutshed the pros duetion in the cotton and tie coal tradu who would stinply drive her customers elsuwhere, ‘This meant that overproduction had rob hla whutoyer to do wit: the depression in Ragland. Another public speater voints In equally datas ful tones, and with some national tenes of res geet, to the fact that America {s menupolizing the food suppty,—partieularly tn whoat,—and the controt ta passed out of England both as to. regulating price, quantity, or quatity. ‘The Brite taht farnier, by thu jutroduction of cheap foreign Wheut, 1a sorely put to it ta keop bia fluanclal head ubove water, Cheap bread, though a pub: He benellt, J6 thoy Engiish farjner’s bane! Une Uke Biruingham wares, Uhut can bo produced of iuferlor quality to‘ meet inferior prices, wheat lie Ita Miuit of profit so clue to Josa that when the public have cheap forelgu bread the farmer has dear bome land. ‘That lilt of prot fu wheat land ju England t4 also passed. Steam- ships und ratlroads, broad acres ut reasonuble prices, hardy ugriculturtets, aut benctleent nae Lure have tn foreign countries created this Mmut of profitable wheat culture fu Eugland, Line ted English soll, expeasive and venturesuine urtillelal manures, costly cultivation, and taro taxation have algo dono sumething agalnet the »Prodts of the British farmer whup the competi- Uon of the more favored forvigner comes in. And whon the {uereasing domatu of agricultura ie madu to smile by the tickling of thy hoe in mama and | California, Titnots, Oho, anid tho rich tang of ' the South, still cheapur bread wil) be the of the pubtie, the denae mnes of mannfactae people in Knygland. 3 Aud ag tho foreign grain crops must affeey the plow fands of this Kingdom te yatue ap rentals, s0 alsu must the continuonsly-(n.- TAA, Ing supply of meat, ront crops, nnd frals Allerg, (he pasture, the garden, and the orchard Profit, of England. ‘The forelener lias not far to took whon he can hold the same position i the Ene gllsh meat, vegatable, and irute markets ag hy how does on the vorn exchange of this counters, ‘Thu exportinents of forelzn shinners of the on. tira food system of the Kfoedom of Great Brit atu ts soon to assume a fixed principtes and a solld basis, and thy English people will bie beg. ter fed nnd better off than ever, ‘The Brittany land-owner, farmer, and wrazler atono wi wee, over this, but in the thet interosta tous Assume a relative shano of profit, und in the eng no lose. ‘The English acres will decrearg fn thelr present excessive price, and as American and Australian lands are uvery day by rallroads and steamahins brought ctoser to Britieh efti towns, and farms, so a more eattalte condition of Vaudiord ami tevant, eapitallst and, laborer, will be cifecteds ‘The luxury of largo Janded properties will then bo narrowed, and the tht WIIK ba no poorer, while the poor may be Bune what richer. At this moment tha preliminaries are hetne perfected ns to the soiling exumaition At Landing a few weeks hence, und the prizes to exurbuors, foreign and” native. On a spot of some 10} acres, betweon the Edreware and {arrow Tunts, distant abont two imiles north of the marble arch, und in close congrulty to many Huvs of rallway, this exhibition will be formed, ‘the Prince of Wales will preside. The show will comprise an international display ut tgricnit. ural stuck, produce, and Implements, aud every means to promote yaluabla data toward the cluctdation of those ngricuttural questions, the solution of which ta yearly become mure ey sential to the progress of good farniine, with ty aifonlcd, Questions of tillage, of fertilizers, of drainage, town sewerage, the most ecunun’ teal und expeditions way of supplying clttes ang towns with perishable food, id otber simile subjects will bo diseissed, iliustrated, unt ex dinined fa a practical manner, Live stock, forelzn und domostie, will be duly afvarded prizes. British horses will come under an appropriation of $15,000, foroien ones 35,00, and miles $800; British cattle $15,500, forelgn ones $12,009; British sheep $8,000, and foreign $1,600, Lies, goats, ctu, will also be subject toanum tobe divided Ike the foregoing, as. cording to mene, and this sum. Fopresante $2.0), Maps, corn, und seed, wool, butter, cheesy, hatns, and bacon, preserved und fresh meaty Jaem mansgements, and market-enrden culture, all coms under n orize-pool of $70,000, varsing from $400 to $8,500 per prize. = A comparative museum will be established by ancient and modern farm implements, with: view to inform the public how great has bee the advanee, alike In design and workmanship, of naricultural machinery.—within the last foriy yeurs particularly. * By seaing aur errors of yey tondny Weare ong step advanced in knowteuge ONY. * In the Inst seven years the amount spent ty rink by the population of the United Kingdog {9 estimated ut over £300,000,000, or mora thay, thy whole revonug of the Kingdom forthe lag ten years. In spite at what are called “ har} times," we find that the power of the Bry drinking pubite, of becr principally, bu fucreased duriug tho last couple of years, by £2,000,000 sterling! ‘The returns show n faliing OL in wine; go itis the “people? who are ta drinkcre. a A Race for Fife, led on n Nebrash 1 N threatened to KUL the other, Neither was armed, but there wa3 a gun In ther hut, a milo away. Both started for the weapon, und dt was a race for lite, for the nan who mt it was certain to shoot hls cumpanion. Ter had several fizhts on the way, nnd were brite and exhausted when they neared the coals bat they ran with desperation, and Jept abreas until close to the house. Then one tripped anf iil, edving the other the lead. ‘The vietor dasual into the bulldtng, pulled the gun down from itt hooks, and mercilessly murdered his fallen foe NaZO'D, wien BAD, Bter CHICAGO SHOT TOWER Gf MANUFACTURERS OF STANDARD {i SHOT PRIGES AND QUALITY GUARANTEED, pre . E.W.BLATCHFORD & C0, MANUFACTURERS OF LEAD PIPE. SHEET LEAD, BAR AND PI LEAD, BLOCK TIN PIPE AND SOLDER, EISEED OH, AND OW, CAKE, PRICES AND QUALITY GU\UANTEED, Liquid Cottage Colors, TUE BEST MIXED PAINT IN THT MARKET. Send for clrontaraad prices to Chicago White Lend & Oil Cp, MANUFACTUREUS Ol ie WHITE LEAD, ZINC, orf, PUTTY, &e i$ Simply represents one of tho 300 ditforan kinds manufsotured by tho Huwo Saulo ey Euch kind of sealo warrantod to bo the bo", made for tho purpose intanaod, Bend for Catalogue, BORDEN, SELLECK & CO., Western Manish Chicago, Bt, Lauts, and Cleveland, EEL PENS. SPENCERIAN STEEL PENS vated BF oF Moniilliyy Dufay and traces uf Post RGAL SWAN QUILL a in ‘Twenty Numbers. Samples, including ery Renomsers pone pt raad drcad f 16-18 digieae | we el, it of 5 coat Ivison,. BLAKEMAN, TavLor & Cts 158 aod 140 Grand Stross, New Kor’ 4!